EP2100036A2 - Ausgleichsgetriebe einer windkraftanlage und verfahren zum ändern oder umschalten des leistungsbereichs dieses ausgleichsgetriebes - Google Patents

Ausgleichsgetriebe einer windkraftanlage und verfahren zum ändern oder umschalten des leistungsbereichs dieses ausgleichsgetriebes

Info

Publication number
EP2100036A2
EP2100036A2 EP07815165A EP07815165A EP2100036A2 EP 2100036 A2 EP2100036 A2 EP 2100036A2 EP 07815165 A EP07815165 A EP 07815165A EP 07815165 A EP07815165 A EP 07815165A EP 2100036 A2 EP2100036 A2 EP 2100036A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
transmission
output
generator
continuously variable
drive
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07815165A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Gerald Hehenberger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AMSC Windtec GmbH
Original Assignee
AMSC Windtec GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by AMSC Windtec GmbH filed Critical AMSC Windtec GmbH
Publication of EP2100036A2 publication Critical patent/EP2100036A2/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/04—Automatic control; Regulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D15/00—Transmission of mechanical power
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D15/00—Transmission of mechanical power
    • F03D15/10—Transmission of mechanical power using gearing not limited to rotary motion, e.g. with oscillating or reciprocating members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
    • F03D9/25—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
    • F03D9/255—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator connected to electrical distribution networks; Arrangements therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H47/00—Combinations of mechanical gearing with fluid clutches or fluid gearing
    • F16H47/02—Combinations of mechanical gearing with fluid clutches or fluid gearing the fluid gearing being of the volumetric type
    • F16H47/04—Combinations of mechanical gearing with fluid clutches or fluid gearing the fluid gearing being of the volumetric type the mechanical gearing being of the type with members having orbital motion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H47/00—Combinations of mechanical gearing with fluid clutches or fluid gearing
    • F16H47/06—Combinations of mechanical gearing with fluid clutches or fluid gearing the fluid gearing being of the hydrokinetic type
    • F16H47/08—Combinations of mechanical gearing with fluid clutches or fluid gearing the fluid gearing being of the hydrokinetic type the mechanical gearing being of the type with members having orbital motion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2220/00—Application
    • F05B2220/70—Application in combination with
    • F05B2220/706—Application in combination with an electrical generator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/40—Transmission of power
    • F05B2260/403—Transmission of power through the shape of the drive components
    • F05B2260/4031—Transmission of power through the shape of the drive components as in toothed gearing
    • F05B2260/40311—Transmission of power through the shape of the drive components as in toothed gearing of the epicyclic, planetary or differential type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/40—Transmission of power
    • F05B2260/406—Transmission of power through hydraulic systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00—Control
    • F05B2270/10—Purpose of the control system
    • F05B2270/101—Purpose of the control system to control rotational speed (n)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00—Control
    • F05B2270/10—Purpose of the control system
    • F05B2270/1016—Purpose of the control system in variable speed operation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/06—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • F16H37/08—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
    • F16H37/0833—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts, i.e. with two or more internal power paths
    • F16H37/084—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts, i.e. with two or more internal power paths at least one power path being a continuously variable transmission, i.e. CVT
    • F16H2037/0866—Power split variators with distributing differentials, with the output of the CVT connected or connectable to the output shaft
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/19—Gearing
    • Y10T74/19555—Varying speed ratio
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/19—Gearing
    • Y10T74/1956—Adjustable

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a differential gear for a wind power plant with a transmission having three drives and outputs, wherein a drive • is connected to the rotor of the wind turbine, the first output with a generator and the second output to the drive shaft of a continuously variable transmission whose output shaft is connected to the generator-side output of the transmission.
  • the invention further relates to a method for changing or switching the power range of a differential gear of a wind turbine with changing wind strength with a transmission with three drives or drives, wherein a drive is connected to the rotor of the wind turbine, the first output with a generator and the second output with the drive shaft of a continuously variable transmission.
  • Wind turbines of the latest technology are usually operated with variable rotor speed with active torque control of the drive train for control purposes.
  • the reason for this is that the variable rotor speed caused by the moment of inertia of the rotor attenuation of the speed changes of the drive train and thus the Rotorblattverstellsystem can be optimally designed.
  • the torque control of the drive train can reduce the load on the system and optimize the power quality of the energy fed into the grid.
  • the improved aerodynamic efficiency in the partial load range is another advantage of the variable rotor speed.
  • variable-speed drives predominantly used according to the prior art usually work with frequency converters which can achieve the required power quality only with a considerable, additional technical effort.
  • a major disadvantage of this solution is the complicated design of the multi-path differential in combination with a complex coupling system and only very complicated pumps, whereby both pumps are operated with variable speed.
  • the object of the invention is to reduce the above-described disadvantages of the known differential gears and at the same time to provide a simple, efficient and cost-effective concept.
  • This object is further achieved with a method for switching the power range of a differential gear of a wind turbine with changing wind strength with a transmission with three inputs or outputs, wherein a drive is connected to the rotor of the wind turbine, the first output with a Generator and the second output to the drive shaft of a continuously variable transmission, the output shaft is connected to the generator-side output of the transmission, which is characterized in that the drive of the transmission is regulated to a low to no drive torque and the generator is disconnected from the network the drive shaft of the continuously variable transmission is connected to the output shaft of the transmission connecting the transmission, then the speed of the first output of the transmission is adjusted until the synchronous speed is set again at the generator, whereupon the generator is switched back to the mains.
  • This object is finally achieved with a method for changing the power range of a differential gear of a wind turbine with changing wind strength with a transmission with three inputs or outputs, wherein a drive is connected to the rotor of the wind turbine, the first output with a Generator and the second output with the drive shaft of a continuously variable transmission whose output shaft is connected to the generator-side output of the transmission, which is characterized in that the ratio of a drive shaft of the continuously variable transmission with the output shaft of the transmission connecting continuously variable transmission is changed.
  • the speed range can be changed depending on the torque required by a ratio change in this adjustment, whereby the power range of the continuously variable transmission and subsequently the system costs and the Power loss of this transmission can be kept smaller.
  • the drawing shows in a schematically simplified manner a drive train 1 with a differential gear according to the invention.
  • the drive train comprises a drive shaft 2 connected to the rotor 3, possibly via an intermediate gearbox, which in the present case drives two gear stages which are arranged one after the other and designed as planetary stages 4 and 5.
  • the execution of the gear stages as planetary stages is not absolutely necessary, but can also be performed by other gear or omitted entirely.
  • the output shaft of the second gear stage 5 drives a spur gear 6, whereby an axial offset of the drive train is achieved.
  • This offset opens the one hand the ability to lead to the hub leading cables for power control of the system by means of a Blattverstellmechanismus by the transmission, and on the other hand the further possibility to accommodate the required means for signal transmission (slip ring body) from the rotating to the fixed part in the nacelle of the wind turbine and the ability to make the drive train in its overall length short and compact.
  • the output shaft 6a of the spur gear stage drives a planetary carrier 8 of a superposition gearing 7.
  • the torque distribution takes place to a generator 11 and to a hydraulic unit 12.
  • the generator 11 is to the ring gear 9 of the superposition gear 7 connected.
  • the sun gear 10 of the superposition gear 7 is connected to a 2-stage adjusting gear 15.
  • the gear stages of the variable transmission 15 are switched according to the rotor speed and the wind supply.
  • a first adjustable axial piston pump 13 in hydraulic communication with a second adjustable axial piston pump 14.
  • the shaft of the second axial piston pump 14 is coupled via a spur gear 16 to the shaft 11 of the generator.
  • the transmission ratio is continuously varied and adapted to the given power, while the speed of the drive shaft of the generator 11 remains constant.
  • the system Before reaching the limit speed at the hydraulic unit 12, the system is regulated by the electric pitch control system to a low to no drive torque.
  • the synchronous generator 11 is removed from the network during this switching phase.
  • the transmission 15 is switched to the smaller ratio in this power reduced phase.
  • the rotor speed is increased by the Blattverstellsystem again until the synchronous speed is reached at the generator 11 again.
  • the system reverts to normal production operation, but with higher performance.
  • the hydraulic units 12 it is now possible with the same power loss to control a much higher overall system performance.
  • the power flow turns over the superposition stage 7.
  • the excess power is passed from the sun gear 10 of the superposition stage 7 via the gear 15 to the hydraulic unit 12.
  • These generated by the coupling via the spur gear 16 to the generator shaft a braking torque, whereby the generator speed is still kept constant at synchronous speed. This moment is applied until the blade adjusting device has turned the rotor blades so far out of the wind until nominal power is reached again.
EP07815165A 2006-11-21 2007-11-05 Ausgleichsgetriebe einer windkraftanlage und verfahren zum ändern oder umschalten des leistungsbereichs dieses ausgleichsgetriebes Withdrawn EP2100036A2 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT0192906A AT504395B1 (de) 2006-11-21 2006-11-21 Ausgleichsgetriebe einer windkraftanlage und verfahren zum ändern oder umschalten des leistungsbereichs dieses ausgleichsgetriebes
PCT/AT2007/000498 WO2008061263A2 (de) 2006-11-21 2007-11-05 Ausgleichsgetriebe einer windkraftanlage und verfahren zum ändern oder umschalten des leistungsbereichs dieses ausgleichsgetriebes

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2100036A2 true EP2100036A2 (de) 2009-09-16

Family

ID=39367323

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07815165A Withdrawn EP2100036A2 (de) 2006-11-21 2007-11-05 Ausgleichsgetriebe einer windkraftanlage und verfahren zum ändern oder umschalten des leistungsbereichs dieses ausgleichsgetriebes

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US8206262B2 (ja)
EP (1) EP2100036A2 (ja)
JP (1) JP5244813B2 (ja)
KR (1) KR20090083468A (ja)
CN (1) CN101583794B (ja)
AT (1) AT504395B1 (ja)
AU (1) AU2007324315B2 (ja)
BR (1) BRPI0721387A2 (ja)
CA (1) CA2670013A1 (ja)
WO (1) WO2008061263A2 (ja)

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EP2276924B1 (en) 2009-03-20 2014-07-09 AMSC Windtec GmbH Method for operating a wind energy converter, control device for a wind energy converter, and wind energy converter
AT508182B1 (de) * 2009-04-20 2011-09-15 Hehenberger Gerald Dipl Ing Verfahren zum betreiben einer energiegewinnungsanlage, insbesondere windkraftanlage
AT508411B1 (de) 2009-07-02 2011-06-15 Hehenberger Gerald Dipl Ing Differenzialgetriebe für energiegewinnungsanlage und verfahren zum betreiben
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US8206262B2 (en) 2012-06-26
AU2007324315A1 (en) 2008-05-29
JP2010510431A (ja) 2010-04-02
WO2008061263A2 (de) 2008-05-29
US20100048350A1 (en) 2010-02-25
CN101583794A (zh) 2009-11-18
AT504395A1 (de) 2008-05-15
KR20090083468A (ko) 2009-08-03
JP5244813B2 (ja) 2013-07-24
CN101583794B (zh) 2013-04-10
AT504395B1 (de) 2009-05-15
WO2008061263A3 (de) 2008-09-25
AU2007324315B2 (en) 2011-10-13
CA2670013A1 (en) 2008-05-29
BRPI0721387A2 (pt) 2014-06-17

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