EP2089456A1 - Procédé de production de matériaux composites à fibres ignifugés ou pré-imprégnés - Google Patents

Procédé de production de matériaux composites à fibres ignifugés ou pré-imprégnés

Info

Publication number
EP2089456A1
EP2089456A1 EP07822488A EP07822488A EP2089456A1 EP 2089456 A1 EP2089456 A1 EP 2089456A1 EP 07822488 A EP07822488 A EP 07822488A EP 07822488 A EP07822488 A EP 07822488A EP 2089456 A1 EP2089456 A1 EP 2089456A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fiber
polymer
flame retardant
flame
flameproofing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07822488A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Herbert Costard
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Flasin GmbH
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP2089456A1 publication Critical patent/EP2089456A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/04—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material
    • C08J5/10—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material characterised by the additives used in the polymer mixture
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/24—Impregnating materials with prepolymers which can be polymerised in situ, e.g. manufacture of prepregs
    • C08J5/241—Impregnating materials with prepolymers which can be polymerised in situ, e.g. manufacture of prepregs using inorganic fibres
    • C08J5/244—Impregnating materials with prepolymers which can be polymerised in situ, e.g. manufacture of prepregs using inorganic fibres using glass fibres
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/24—Impregnating materials with prepolymers which can be polymerised in situ, e.g. manufacture of prepregs
    • C08J5/245—Impregnating materials with prepolymers which can be polymerised in situ, e.g. manufacture of prepregs using natural fibres
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/24—Impregnating materials with prepolymers which can be polymerised in situ, e.g. manufacture of prepregs
    • C08J5/249—Impregnating materials with prepolymers which can be polymerised in situ, e.g. manufacture of prepregs characterised by the additives used in the prepolymer mixture

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an optimized process for improving the flame retardancy of fiber composites or prepregs, especially for the production of thermosets. But it is also applicable to the production of flame-retardant thermoplastics or mixtures of thermoplastics and thermosets.
  • fiber composites are formed from semifinished fiber products such as nonwovens, fabrics, loops or rovings including glass fibers, carbon fibers, synthetic fibers or natural fibers, such as cotton, flax or hemp. (Ut .: Flemming, Ziegmann, Roth, Faserverbundbau und, Berlin 1995) embedded in a polymeric matrix system.
  • Prepregs are formed from monomers intended for polymerization and fiber semi-finished products embedded therein, as well as other additives. They are semi-finished products that can be processed by machine. By using prepregs it is possible to achieve a consistent and high quality. By curing under high temperatures, short cycle times are possible.
  • polymeric matrix systems are mainly unsaturated polyester resins, epoxy resins and phenolic resins used, more recently, resin systems based on natural oil. Furthermore, multi-component materials (polymer blends) are used to adapt the technical and chemical properties of the corresponding application. All these materials are summarized below under the term polymer.
  • processing aids and for the change in properties additives can be mixed in the plastics, such as emulsifiers and catalysts.
  • thermosets but also in thermoplastics, other additives are often used. They serve as extenders for resin reduction, to improve the surface quality, to reduce the brittleness and to increase the rigidity and optionally to increase the flame resistance (Ref: Hellerich, Harsche, Haenle, Material Guide plastics, Kunststoff 2001).
  • the quantitative use of these additives is limited because in the entry of the polymer in the semifinished fiber product, a certain viscosity can not be exceeded, otherwise a uniform penetration of the fiber composite is not possible and thus the strength of the fiber composite would fall sharply.
  • the addition of such substances also limits the percentage of the polymer, whereby a decrease in the strength of the fiber composite occurs.
  • Flame retardants added as the polymer matrix or the monomer or molten thermoplastic intended for the polymerization and to increase the rigidity and, if appropriate, to increase the flame resistance (LJt: Hellerich, Harsche, Haenle, Material Guide Plastics, Kunststoff 2001).
  • the quantitative use of these additives is limited because in the entry of the polymer in the semifinished fiber product, a certain viscosity can not be exceeded, otherwise a uniform penetration of the fiber composite is not possible and thus the strength of the fiber composite would fall sharply.
  • the addition of such substances also limits the percentage of the polymer, whereby a decrease in the strength of the fiber composite occurs.
  • Flame retardants added to the polymer matrix or to the monomer or molten thermoplastic used for the polymerization are, for example, aluminum hydroxide Al (OH) 3 , halogen-splitting or phosphorus-containing products.
  • Al (OH) 3 aluminum hydroxide
  • halogen-splitting or phosphorus-containing products For environmental reasons, the halogen-containing products have been replaced by newer, more expensive, but less effective products.
  • Aluminum hydroxide releases water or steam when reacted by the action of heat; the phosphorus-containing products enter into nonflammable gases with the combustible substances. In the polymers registered flame retardants often adversely affect the physical properties of the plastics and often have a negative impact on the processing.
  • the flame retardant When using natural fibers in the composite material, additional requirements are imposed on flame retardancy, because the natural fibers are combustible substances, essentially cellulose. Thus, the flame retardant must be further designed, in particular to be extended to an appropriate treatment of the fibers. In contrast, the flame retardant in glass fiber composites only has the task to control or restrict the burning behavior of the plastic.
  • a percentage increase in the flame retardant in the polymer matrix is, as stated above, already in glass fiber composites one Limit set.
  • the penetration of the liquid polymer therefore requires a lower viscosity of the polymer in natural fiber applications compared to glass fiber semifinished products.
  • the glass fiber semi-finished products are smooth-drawn filaments which result in an open semi-finished fiber product.
  • the semi-finished natural fiber products are plant cells and bundles of plant cells, some of which are connected to each other at the middle lamellae and by OH groups. In this structure, the polymer must be able to penetrate, in order to achieve good fiber-matrix adhesion.
  • a flame-retardant composite material is to be specified, which avoids the disadvantages of the known fiber composites, which result from the increase in viscosity of the polymer by the flame retardant.
  • the object is achieved by a method according to
  • Claim 1 or a composite material according to claim 10.
  • the dependent claims 2-9 and 11 and 12 give advantageous Further education.
  • the object is achieved according to the invention by forming a flameproofing agent-containing cover layer in the region of at least one surface of the fiber composite material in the production of flame-retardant fiber composites containing polymer material embedded in the polymer.
  • the polymer used for embedding the fiber material or provided for the polymerization of monomer and / or the molten thermoplastic may also contain property-modifying additives.
  • Such additives can also develop a flame retardant effect.
  • the essential concentration of the flame retardant is in the topcoat.
  • NFK natural fiber composite materials
  • GRP glass fiber composite materials
  • the inventive method is thus particularly advantageous in the application to natural fiber composites, but can also be applied to all other fiber composites, such as glass fiber composites.
  • conventional fiber composites can also be equipped so that they correspond to increased flame protection conditions without a loss of strength of the fiber composite material is expected. That is, fiber composites, which currently can only meet the cost of their stability or not increased flame retardance requirements, can now be equipped with an additional, superficial flame retardant and thus be used even with increased flame retardance requirements.
  • the flame retardant concentration to be provided in the polymer used for embedding can be significantly reduced or a use of flame retardant material in the polymer used for embedding can be completely dispensed with (compare claim 5).
  • a lower viscosity of the polymer can be achieved than is possible with conventional methods with equally strong flameproofing equipment.
  • a better impregnation of the fibers and / or a better connection between polymer and fiber can be achieved. This makes it possible to produce fiber composite material with stronger flame retardant for the same stability or higher stability with the same fire protection equipment.
  • the flame retardant is largely on the surface of the fiber composite material and thus has a much more active in case of fire, in contrast to the method of complete entry of the flame retardant in the polymer, in which only a selective release of the flame retardant, for example Water or water vapor when using aluminum hydroxide, takes place, depending on the mass fraction of the flame retardant on the polymer.
  • the flame retardant for example Water or water vapor when using aluminum hydroxide
  • cover layer forming a fire protection layer, for example of aluminum hydroxide enclosed in polymer (compare claim 4), to apply further layers, such as, for example, coatings and / or foliations.
  • Cover layer is to be understood here as an underlying fiber composite material against fire protective layer, so a covering this layer.
  • Flame retardant according to claim 2 applied to the fiber composite material before the polymer used for embedding or the molten thermoplastic is completely cured.
  • the flame retardant can be bound to or in a region near the surface of the fiber composite material. It is particularly advantageous to roll in the flame retardant after application even before complete curing of the polymer used for embedding or of the molten thermoplastic or in prepregs in the pressing and polymerization in the tool in the composite and encase with the polymer.
  • the technical preparation of the prepregs is preferably carried out on the known prepreg or SMC systems with the addition of a spreading or coating device for aluminum hydroxide, for a
  • Aluminum hydroxide dispersion or for a polymer which is highly concentrated with aluminum hydroxide When nonwovens are used, especially in the case of thin nonwovens, a prior hydroentanglement of the nonwovens should be carried out in order to increase the breaking length and to improve the drapability of the nonwovens and thus of the prepregs.
  • the flame retardant according to claim 3 act as a curing agent.
  • the fiber material prior to embedding in polymer or molten thermoplastic or intended for polymerization monomer by soaking, spraying, Coating or other methods with flame retardant material can be combined with a flameproofing device according to claim 1, as intended in the context of this invention, but is not reliant on flame retardancy according to claim 1 and, taken in isolation, can constitute an independent (separate) invention.
  • the flame retardant can also be obtained alone or at least for the most part by equipping the fiber material with flame retardant material, for example, by impregnating, spraying, coating or the like of the fiber material.
  • a flame retardant fiber composite according to this separate invention may consist of flame retardant fiber material embedded in polymer, monomer intended for polymerization, and / or molten thermoplastic.
  • the polymer, the monomer intended for the polymerization and / or the molten thermoplastic can be equipped with additional flame retardant or be free from such.
  • the fiber composite material may further be provided with a flame retardant layer on its surface, but is not necessarily dependent on such depending on Flammtikan Kunststoff.
  • the amount of applied to the fibers or registered in this flame retardant can be varied so that depending on the type of polymer and application, only a small amount or no flame retardant must be mixed into the polymer used for embedding.
  • the applied to the fiber especially natural fiber
  • Flame retardant material according to the invention is particularly chosen so that it allows the subsequently registered polymer to penetrate through the flame retardant material up to or into the fiber to allow good fiber / matrix adhesion or by the applied to the fiber flame retardant no or no essential To cause waste of the total strength in the composite.
  • the outer layers with a high proportion of flame retardants, such as Al (OH) 3 , provided to achieve the desired flame retardancy, without affecting the overall strength significantly negative.
  • flame retardants such as Al (OH) 3
  • a flame-retardant fiber composite material or prepreg including embedded in polymer fiber material wherein the concentration of at least one flame retardant at least in the region of at least one surface is higher than average in the rest of the composite material or at least one surface increases.
  • a layer is arranged with an increased flame retardant concentration, which is higher than the rest of the fiber composite.
  • the increase in the flame retardant concentration can be designed to be fluid or sudden.
  • Flame retardant Frazier GP with an active ingredient concentration of 15%, Schill + Seilacher AG impregnated and then dried paper fleece 100% cotton linters with a basis weight of 180 g / m 2 and a thickness of 0.5 mm in phenolic resin (Bakelite PHL 2485, Hexion Specialty Chemicals GmbH).
  • the fiber mass fraction in the produced prepreg (honeycomb sandwich 3.7 mm with Nomex honeycomb 3.00 mm, EURO Composites) amounted to about 50 percent by weight.
  • the fire test gave the following values: Fire length 60 s vertical 120 mm
  • flame retardant Feravon GP with an active ingredient concentration of 15%, Schill + Seilacher AG
  • wet fleece made of 100% bleached flax with 15 mm fiber length and a basis weight of 180 g / m 2 and a thickness of 0.5mm embedded in phenolic resin (Bakelite PHL 2485, Hexion Specialty Chemicals GmbH).
  • Aluminum hydroxide was embedded in the polymer on the surfaces.
  • the fiber mass fraction in the produced prepreg honeycomb sandwich 3.7 mm with Nomex honeycomb 3.00 mm, EURO Composites
  • the fire test gave the following values:
  • Fiber composites were performed: glass fabric 7781, basis weight 296 g / m 2 , thickness 0.4 mm;
  • Fiber mass fraction in prepreg about 65% by weight
  • Aluminum hydroxide on prepreg surface Fire length 60 s vertical 101 mm Fire length 12 s vertical 15 mm Heat release peak 5 min 19 kW / m 2 Heat release 2 min 15 kW min / m 2 [0052 ] Glass fabric 7781, basis weight 296 g / m 2 , thickness 0.4 mm;
  • Fiber mass fraction in prepreg about 65% by weight

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé optimisé d'amélioration de matériaux composites à fibres ignifugés ou de matériaux pré-imprégnés, en particulier pour la production de matériaux thermodurcissables. Un pourcentage d'augmentation d'agent ignifuge est déjà limité dans les matériaux composites à fibres de verre. Lorsque l'on utilise des fibres naturelles dans le matériau composite, des exigences supplémentaires en terme d'ignifugation apparaissent toutefois. Ainsi, l'objet de la présente invention consiste à proposer un nouveau procédé d'ignifugation de matériaux composites à fibres naturelles et des matériaux composites répondant à des exigences supérieures d'ignifugation et également d'ignifugation de matériaux composites à fibres classiques qui évite les inconvénients des procédés connus qui sont réalisés en augmentant la viscosité du polymère par le biais de l'agent d'ignifugation. En outre, l'invention concerne un matériau composite ignifugé qui évite les inconvénients des matériaux composites à fibres connus qui sont produits en augmentant la viscosité du polymère par le biais de l'agent d'ignifugation. L'objet est réalisé parallèlement à un dispositif selon l'invention en produisant une couche de revêtement contenant un agent d'ignifugation lors de la production des matériaux composites à fibres ignifugés contenant un matériau à fibres incorporé dans le polymère dans la région d'au moins une surface du matériau composite à fibres.
EP07822488A 2006-11-15 2007-11-12 Procédé de production de matériaux composites à fibres ignifugés ou pré-imprégnés Withdrawn EP2089456A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006054123 2006-11-15
DE102007016698A DE102007016698A1 (de) 2006-11-15 2007-04-04 Verfahren zur Herstellung flammgeschützter Faserverbundwerkstoffe oder Prepregs, sowie flammgeschützte Faserberbundwerkstoffe und Prepregs
PCT/EP2007/062200 WO2008058924A1 (fr) 2006-11-15 2007-11-12 Procédé de production de matériaux composites à fibres ignifugés ou pré-imprégnés

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2089456A1 true EP2089456A1 (fr) 2009-08-19

Family

ID=38983335

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07822488A Withdrawn EP2089456A1 (fr) 2006-11-15 2007-11-12 Procédé de production de matériaux composites à fibres ignifugés ou pré-imprégnés

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20100324192A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2089456A1 (fr)
BR (1) BRPI0717377A2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2667407A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102007016698A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008058924A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013084023A1 (fr) 2011-12-05 2013-06-13 Csir Objet ignifugé et son procédé de fabrication

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008039866A1 (de) * 2008-08-27 2010-03-04 Saertex Gmbh & Co. Kg Textile Verstärkung für die Herstellung eines faserverstärkten Kunststoffbauteils
WO2015052114A1 (fr) 2013-10-08 2015-04-16 Bayer Materialscience Ag Matériau composite renforcé de fibres, son utilisation et son procédé de fabrication
DE102013114829A1 (de) * 2013-12-23 2015-06-25 KTM Technologies GmbH Faserverstärktes Duroplastbauteil mit Funktionsschicht zum Verbinden mit einem Thermoplastbauteil
EP2894136B1 (fr) 2014-01-08 2019-12-04 The Boeing Company Procédé amélioré de fabrication de panneaux intérieurs durables et ignifuges pour avions
BE1028055B1 (nl) 2020-02-13 2021-09-13 Basaltex Nv Werkwijze voor het produceren van een brand- en warmtewerend voorgeïmpregneerd vezelmateriaal

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US2912392A (en) * 1956-06-27 1959-11-10 Dow Chemical Co Intumescent coating composition and articles coated therewith
US3816226A (en) * 1972-03-31 1974-06-11 Avco Corp Fire protection material
EP0312842A2 (fr) * 1987-10-13 1989-04-26 BASF Aktiengesellschaft Masse de moulage chargée
US20060178064A1 (en) * 2001-11-07 2006-08-10 Balthes Garry E Fire retardant panel composition and methods of making the same

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US3013903A (en) * 1959-04-13 1961-12-19 Du Pont Fibrous substrate with an alumina bonded organic polymer coating
DE2005589A1 (de) * 1970-02-07 1971-08-12 Reichhold Albert Chemie Ag, 2000 Hamburg Verfahren zur Herstellung flammwidn ger Textilien
US4961971A (en) * 1988-12-19 1990-10-09 United Technologies Corporation Method of making oxidatively stable water soluble amorphous hydrated metal oxide sized fibers
EP0387468A3 (fr) * 1988-12-19 1991-06-05 United Technologies Corporation Apprêt stable amorphe d'oxyde de métal hydraté pour fibres dans des composites
US4935265A (en) * 1988-12-19 1990-06-19 United Technologies Corporation Method for coating fibers with an amorphous hydrated metal oxide
US5955184A (en) * 1995-09-29 1999-09-21 Toshiba Chemical Corporation Halogen-free flame-retardant epoxy resin composition as well as prepreg and laminate containing the same
GB9709166D0 (en) * 1997-05-06 1997-06-25 Cytec Ind Inc Preforms for moulding process and resins therefor
FR2851566B1 (fr) * 2003-02-26 2007-05-11 Hexcel Fabrics Renfort fibreux utile comme agent ignifugeant, son procede de fabrication et son utilisation

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2912392A (en) * 1956-06-27 1959-11-10 Dow Chemical Co Intumescent coating composition and articles coated therewith
US3816226A (en) * 1972-03-31 1974-06-11 Avco Corp Fire protection material
EP0312842A2 (fr) * 1987-10-13 1989-04-26 BASF Aktiengesellschaft Masse de moulage chargée
US20060178064A1 (en) * 2001-11-07 2006-08-10 Balthes Garry E Fire retardant panel composition and methods of making the same

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See also references of WO2008058924A1 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013084023A1 (fr) 2011-12-05 2013-06-13 Csir Objet ignifugé et son procédé de fabrication
US9796167B2 (en) 2011-12-05 2017-10-24 Csir Flame-proofed artefact and a method of manufacture thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2008058924A1 (fr) 2008-05-22
BRPI0717377A2 (pt) 2013-10-29
DE102007016698A1 (de) 2008-05-29
CA2667407A1 (fr) 2008-05-22
US20100324192A1 (en) 2010-12-23

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