EP2088094A1 - Loading unit for international transport and enveloping of goods - Google Patents

Abstract

The loading device has a fixed self supporting frame module (1). Standardized edge fitting systems (7.1,7.2) are arranged on eight edges of self supporting frame module, each on lateral upper and lower sides. Additional supporting reinforcing elements (1.5) are provided between the lateral, upper and lower frame elements (1.1,1.2).

Description

The invention relates to a loading unit for an intermodal transport and handling of goods, which can be used in many ways and adapted by additional adapters and other elements in its functionality to different requirements in the transport and handling of goods. The loading units according to the invention can be transported by a variety of means of transport and also manipulated and handled with different lifting devices. Thus, a transport by road, rail vehicles is just as possible as with inland or even seagoing vessels. In a required change from one means of transport to another means of transport, a variety of known hoists, handling equipment and systems can be used.

By a corresponding modification of a loading unit, adaptation to the requirements for the transport and handling of a wide variety of goods in a simple form can be made and achieved flexibly.

When handling loading units according to the invention, a wide variety of standard systems and dimensions can also be taken into account.

For the transport and transshipment of various goods containers are used worldwide with rising tendency. These are used in standardized form in different dimensions. In particular, for transport on ships, it is necessary that containers are stacked, with very high stack heights are required with up to nine stacked containers. Accordingly, the container must have a sufficiently high strength to accommodate the forces and moments acting in a stacked arrangement can.

For the transshipment or a required change to another means of transport are at the place of transposition often a variety of lifting equipment, handling equipment or handling systems available. However, since conventional containers often have no possibilities for a corresponding attack or attack of such devices or systems, there may be problems or delays in converting a container from a means of transport to a different kind of transport.

Although conventional containers are manufactured in large quantities during production, they are no standard elements in the form of modules used, which can also be used for the production of other types of containers, as is the case for example in the known from the automotive industry platform technology.

Especially for containers that are to be used for a wide variety of goods, this is not the case so far. For example, such containers, which are to be used as interchangeable containers, differ significantly from those used in the form of roll-off containers. However, this also applies to containers which are to be used for the transport of bulk goods or liquids and gases in containers.

It is therefore an object of the invention to provide loading units available, which can be used much more flexible and cheaper to manufacture.

According to the invention, this object is achieved with a loading unit having the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments and further developments of the invention can be achieved with features described in the subordinate claims.

An inventively designed Ladeeinehit has as an essential part of a rigid self-supporting frame module, at its eight corners in each case at least one standard corner fitting system is disposed on the laterally outer upper and lower sides. On the frame module supporting stiffening elements between the lateral upper and lower frame elements are also present. The additional supporting stiffening elements are arranged in the areas in which arranged the corner fitting systems are. Between the stiffening elements free spaces are available, which are designed in particular over a large area, so that once the net mass of a frame module can be kept as low as possible and on the other hand, if necessary, greater freedom for access from the outside or greater freedom in an adaptation to the different transport or Umschlagerfordernisse is possible.

The rigid self-supporting frame module which can be used for loading units according to the invention can be further modified by additionally arranged standard fittings between at least four corners of an end face of the frame module at a distance from the already mentioned corner fittings. As a result, an envelope with differently standardized handling equipment or systems can be achieved. These can then be posted at the different locations either on the corner fittings or on the intermediate fittings.

It is also advantageous if gripping edges, transverse channels or fork pockets are present on the lower lateral frame elements. It is also possible to provide gripping edges and fork pockets on a frame module, whereby the flexibility can be further increased. As a result, when handling different forklift and / or the mobile system can be used to receive a thus designed inventive charging unit of a vehicle from one side and then to be able to settle on another vehicle or a floor.

Often, however, it is also desired and necessary not to place a load directly on the ground, which is especially the case when the loading unit is to be set down from a road or rail vehicle or picked up from the ground and placed on such a vehicle. For this purpose, can be attached to the lower frame members, preferably in the region of the four corners, pivotal support legs with locking supports. But it is also possible to attach an additional adapter, which is provided with support legs and locking supports, on the underside of the lower frame members of the supporting frame module. In this case, the attachment should also be detachable, so that a suitably trained adapter can also be removed again from a charging unit and then optionally reused as needed at another charging unit.

However, a loading unit according to the invention can also be made available by slight modification in the form of a roll-off container, for this example, a Abrollcontaineradapter be provided which has a folding hook on one end face. Such Abrollcontaineradapter can be releasably attached to the underside of the frame module. For this purpose, a Abrollcontaineradapter be pushed, for example, from an end face of a loading unit under the bottom of the frame module and then secured with corresponding fixing elements to parts of the frame module. However, the attachment of a roll-off container adapter may also be attached to a frame structure disposed between the lower side frame members and connected to the frame module. Such a frame structure can then have a tunnel space, which is designed to receive a rolling-container adapter and / or a swap body vehicle.

However, a loading unit according to the invention can also be designed as a roll-off container with a front side element which is provided with a folding hook. Such an end element with the folding hook can then be attached to an end face of the frame module.

In both variants described for a training of a loading unit as a roll-off container, it is advantageous to design the folding hook height adjustable. The folding hooks should be able to be locked in different heights, so that the most diverse systems, which consider norms of different states, can be used.

It is also favorable, in addition to a folding hook and provide a chain link. A chain block can then be outwardly facing a Abrollcontaineradapter, a front side element or on a front side arranged lower frame member may be present.

At a loading unit according to the invention additional roles can be used, which is particularly advantageous in a modification for a roll-off container effect. These rollers are preferably arranged on an end face below the lower frame members or an end face of the rolling container adapter. The rollers may then rotate about a rotational axis aligned perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the loading unit. Advantageously, the rollers should be mounted so as to be pivotable so as to be able to pivot them into a position in which they are housed protected and non-irritating, but can be pivoted as needed to fulfill the desired function can be. For this purpose, pivotable levers may be provided on the lower frame members or the roll container adapter, which in turn hold the rollers with their axes. The rollers can be used universally for rail and road use.

For an already mentioned supporting frame structure, which may be formed on the underside of the frame module or attached there, it is favorable that at defined positions, which in turn take into account different standard systems, stops are designed or arranged for a lock, with which a fastening of a Loading unit is accessible on a transport vehicle. Such attacks can also be used alone or in addition for the attachment of a roll-off container adapter or other adapter for additional functions. Thus, for example, it is possible to attach such adapters with further functional elements, such as a cooling device, according to the invention to a charging unit according to the invention.

For the protection of goods to be transported, different protective elements can preferably be attached to the outwardly facing sides of frame elements of the frame module. For example, a planking, trim elements or door elements can be attached thereto. Of course, it is also possible to provide different cladding elements on the side walls or on at least one end face. For example, door elements can be fastened to one end face. The attachment of such protective elements can be done permanently, for example by producing a welded connection. It exists but also the possibility to provide detachable fasteners, so that, for example, sidewalls or Seitenwandbeplankungselemente can be fastened with eg quick-release fasteners on a frame module, so that if necessary, a fixture and when not in use a distance easily and quickly possible.

A charging unit according to the invention can be modified in a simple form but also for the transport of gases or liquids. For this purpose, at least one tank container can be fixed within the frame module.

Such a tank container, but also other goods or objects to be transported, can be attached to the frame module or there existing lashing eyes or other stop means.

However, a loading unit according to the invention can also be provided for receiving bulk material with a bottom and a side panel, in which case preferably an open-topped container should be made available.

The bearing stiffening elements already mentioned above should be dimensioned so that they cover at least the area between the respective corner and intermediate fittings in the longitudinal direction, so that in this critical area increased strength can be achieved.

The stiffening elements can be formed in a variety of forms. In this case, plate-shaped stiffening elements can be connected to the frame elements of a frame module. Especially with a Training in plate form of stiffening elements should have a greater width in the region of the lower frame members than on the upper frame members. This can be the case by means of a bevel over the entire height of a stiffening element, but also only partially in a lower region of a stiffening element.

For a mass reduction, it is possible to form at least one recess on the respective stiffening elements. In this case, the arrangement and dimensioning and the geometric shape can be chosen so that a correspondingly provided with recess stiffening element but still has sufficient strength.

On a frame module but can also be arranged additional stiffening elements in the end face region between the lateral upper frame members. However, these additional stiffening elements should preferably be detachably attached, so that they can be attached as needed or removed again.

However, stiffening elements can generally also be designed in the form of carrier profiles, wherein a wide variety of profile cross sections, in each case taking into account the respective required strengths, can be used. But it is also possible to use cross member profiles additionally with plate-shaped stiffening elements on a frame module.

A charging unit according to the invention can be used particularly favorably for a door-to-door traffic, wherein in the transport and Umschlagkette the different vehicles and handling equipment can be used. It is suitable for transport and transshipment for almost all types of good or can be adapted and modified with little effort for a wide variety of goods. The frame modules can be designed and dimensioned so that the desired stackability can be achieved.

Due to the modular design and the usable adapter, this can be achieved with low production costs.

The invention will be explained in more detail by way of example in the following.

Showing:

• FIG. 1 a perspective view of an example of a loading unit according to the invention;
• FIG. 2 the section A from FIG. 1 in an enlarged view;
• FIG. 3 the section A in a different perspective;
• FIG. 4 an example with a tank container;
• FIG. 5 a perspective view of an adapter for swap bodies;
• FIG. 6 a perspective view of an example of a rolling container adapter;
• FIG. 7 an embodiment of a loading unit as Abrollcontainer and
• FIG. 8 a perspective view of a loading unit, which is also designed as a roll-off container.

In FIG. 1 a loading unit is shown in perspective. In this case, a frame module 1 is present, which is formed with lateral frame elements 1.1 (top) and 1.2 (bottom) and frontal frame elements 1.3 (top) and 1.4 (bottom), which are connected to each other at the corners. At the two end faces also the lateral stiffening elements 1.5 and upper stiffening elements 1.6 are connected to the frame members 1.1 to 1.4 of the frame module 1. At the outer side of the frame elements 1.1, the corner fittings 7.1 and somewhat further inwardly offset the intermediate fittings 7.2 are located at the very outside in the end face area.

For settling on the ground, the support legs 5, each with a locking support 5.1 are arranged in the region of the four outer corners, which can be pivotally mounted on the frame module or possibly also an adapter.

At the lower lateral frame members 1.2 gripping edges 6 and fork pockets 8 are present, which can be used in the envelope for the engagement of various handling means.

On a front side, a chain block 10 is fastened to the frame module 1 in the center of the lower frame elements 1.4 in the center of the longitudinal axis.

Also with the enlarged representations of the Figures 2 and 3 can be clarified that the lateral Stiffening elements 1.5 in the region of the lower lateral frame members 1.2 a greater width than above up to the upper side frame members 1.1, and may be formed plate-shaped. In addition, in the example shown here, a recess in the lower region of the stiffening elements 1.5 is present, which lead to a mass reduction.

With the FIG. 3 is a possible arrangement of a pair of rollers 4 on an end face, illustrates that may be helpful, for example, when depositing a designed as a roll-off container loading unit.

FIG. 4 shows a loading unit in which within the frame module 1, a tank container 11 is received and fixed thereto, said frame module 1 is formed as in the example according to FIGS. 1 to 3 , the case is.

FIG. 5 shows a swap body adapter 12 which can be connected to a frame module 1. In this example, supporting legs 5 are fixed with the locking supports 5.1 on the swap body adapter 12 and not on the frame module 1.

An example of a roll-off container adapter 2 which can be used in a loading unit according to the invention is shown in FIG FIG. 6 alone, and in FIG. 7 attached to a loading unit shown.

The Abrollcontaineradapter 2 can be pushed under the frame module 1 and then attached to this, where one explained in the general description Tunnel can be helpful. For fastening fasteners 2.4 are available.

In addition, two parallel vertical support 2.2 are present on Abrollcontaineradapter 2, where a folding hook 2.1 is attached. This folding hook 2.1 can be fixed so that its respective height can be changed. Below is a chain block 10 is attached to the roll container adapter 2 here.

The upper ends of the vertical support 2.2 are connected to a crossbeam 2.3. This can increase the stability and the roll container adapter 2, as with FIG. 7 clarified to be additionally attached to the upper side frame members 1.1, which has an advantageous effect on picking and settling and the torsional rigidity is improved.

In FIG. 8 is another example of a roll-off container shown, in which the roll-off container adapter compared to that of the example according to the FIGS. 6 and 6 is different. There are no cross-beam 2.3 and vertical support 2.2 in analog form here. The folding hook 2.1 is at the in FIG. 8 shown but again height adjustable and then fixable in different heights.

Claims (17)

Loading unit for intermodal transport and handling of goods;
wherein the loading unit comprises a rigid self-supporting frame module (1), at its eight corners at least one standard corner fitting system (7.1, 7.2) is arranged on the lateral upper and lower sides and in these areas additionally supporting stiffening elements (1.5) between the upper side and lower frame members (1.1 and 1.2) and there are free spaces therebetween. Loading unit according to claim 1, characterized in that at least four corners of an end face of the frame module (1) each standardized corner fittings (7.1) and at a distance to intermediate fittings (7.2) are arranged. Loading unit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in the lower side frame members (1.2) gripping edges (6), transverse channels and / or fork pockets (8) are present. Loading unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that attached to the lower frame elements (1.2) pivotable support legs (5) with locking supports (5.1) or an adapter with support legs (5) with locking supports (5.1) on the underside of the lower frame members (1.2 ) is attachable. Loading unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a Abrollcontaineradapter (2) with arranged on a front side folding hook (2.1) on the underside of the frame module (1) is releasably fastened. Loading unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on one end face of the frame module (1) a front side element with folding hooks (2.1) can be fastened. Loading unit according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the folding hook (2.1) is height adjustable. Loading unit according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the front side facing outward on Abrollcontaineradapter (2), the front side member or a lower frame member (1.4) a chain block (10) is present. Loading unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on one end side below the lower frame members (1.2) or an end face of the rolling container adapter (2) about a perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the loading unit aligned rotation axis rotatable rollers (4) are arranged. Loading unit according to claim 9, characterized in that the rollers (4) by means of pivotable levers on the lower frame members (1.2) or the Abrollcontaineradapter (2) are held. Loading unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the underside of the frame module (1) has a supporting frame structure is formed or fastened there, are formed at the defined in different positions different norm systems considering attacks for a lock or arranged there. Loading unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that between the lower side frame members (1.2) and / or on the frame structure, a tunnel space for receiving a Abrollcontaineradapters (2) and a Wechselpritschenfahrzeug is formed. Loading unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at the outwardly facing sides of frame members (1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4) a planking, cladding elements and / or door elements can be fastened / are. Loading unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the supporting stiffening elements (1.5) are dimensioned so that they overlap in the longitudinal axis direction at least the area between the respective corner and intermediate fittings (7.1 and 7.2). Loading unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the stiffening elements (1.5) are plate-shaped and on the lower frame members (1.2) have a greater width than on the upper frame members (1.1). Loading unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in each case at least one recess is formed on the stiffening elements (1.5). Loading unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that arranged on the frame module (1) between the lateral upper frame members (1.1) on the two end faces additional plate-shaped, designed as a cross member or plate-shaped with additional cross members stiffening elements (1.6) or releasably secured.

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