EP2085622B1 - Système et procédé de surveillance en continu de fuites d'air - Google Patents

Système et procédé de surveillance en continu de fuites d'air Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2085622B1
EP2085622B1 EP08001852A EP08001852A EP2085622B1 EP 2085622 B1 EP2085622 B1 EP 2085622B1 EP 08001852 A EP08001852 A EP 08001852A EP 08001852 A EP08001852 A EP 08001852A EP 2085622 B1 EP2085622 B1 EP 2085622B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
pneumatic
compressed air
piping
monitoring system
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
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EP08001852A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2085622A1 (fr
Inventor
Per Bork
Volker Salzinger
Axel Quednau
Juergen Schreier
Dieter Mrotz
Klaus Wirth
Wolfgang Joehnk
Gerhard Hanowski
Heiner Otte
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Caterpillar Motoren GmbH and Co KG
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Caterpillar Motoren GmbH and Co KG
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Priority to DE602008002141T priority Critical patent/DE602008002141D1/de
Priority to EP08001852A priority patent/EP2085622B1/fr
Priority to AT08001852T priority patent/ATE477421T1/de
Publication of EP2085622A1 publication Critical patent/EP2085622A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2085622B1 publication Critical patent/EP2085622B1/fr
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B19/00—Testing; Calibrating; Fault detection or monitoring; Simulation or modelling of fluid-pressure systems or apparatus not otherwise provided for
    • F15B19/005—Fault detection or monitoring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B20/00—Safety arrangements for fluid actuator systems; Applications of safety devices in fluid actuator systems; Emergency measures for fluid actuator systems
    • F15B20/005—Leakage; Spillage; Hose burst

Definitions

  • the present disclosure refers to a monitoring system for monitoring a pneumatic arrangement or assembly comprising a piping or fluid communication path for supplying compressed air at a predetermined operating pressure to at least one load and/or device adapted to be driven by the compressed air. Furthermore, the present disclosure refers to a method for monitoring or determining whether a leak is present in such a piping or fluid communication path. In another aspect, the present disclosure refers to a monitoring system for monitoring or determining the amount or degree of leakage in such a piping or fluid communication path configured to supply compressed air, e.g., to an emergency stop device of at least one internal combustion engine, e.g., a diesel engine. The emergency stop device is driven or actuatable by the compressed air at a predetermined operating pressure.
  • Known diesel engines having mechanically-governed injection pumps are often pneumatically shut-off when the ignition key is turned off.
  • a shut-off of an engine is carried via an mechanical or electronic control unit.
  • an emergency shut-off is carried out via the mechanical or electronic control unit and a pneumatic emergency shut-off arrangement.
  • the pneumatic shut-off function may no longer be guaranteed.
  • a pneumatic driven device connected thereto e.g., a pneumatic cylinder of an emergency shut-off system of a diesel engine
  • a pneumatic driven device e.g., a pneumatic cylinder of an emergency shut-off system of a diesel engine
  • a known emergency shut-off arrangement comprises one or more pneumatic cylinders, which are extendable when a predetermined operating pressure is supplied to the pneumatic cylinder. This extension causes the fuel supply of an internal combustion engine, such as a diesel engine, to be cut-off.
  • an emergency shut-off when required, this known arrangement might fail if there is an undetected leak in the compressed air piping connected to the at least one pneumatic cylinder.
  • an emergency shut-off of the associated engine cannot be guaranteed if there is a defect or leak in the piping.
  • US 5,322,041 discloses an supplemental emergency shut-off device for an internal combustion engine.
  • This supplemental emergency shut-off device is provided in a filter head of the engine fuel filter and serves to shut off the fuel supply and thus shut down the engine in the event that the engine cannot be turned off by means of the ignition key. This may happen, for example, if the primary pneumatic shut-off system of a diesel engine has failed.
  • the special positioning of this emergency shut-off device in the head of the fuel filter which is placed in the upper region of the engine compartment to enable rapid changing of the filter, provides direct, unobstructed access to the emergency shut-off device.
  • this known arrangement requires an additional emergency shut-off device, this solution can be costly to implement.
  • a compressed air monitoring system for monitoring leakage of compressed air in a compressed air circuit is disclosed in US 6,711,507 B2 .
  • a flow meter is installed in a compressed-air supply line, which communicates with air-driven devices in a compressed air circuit.
  • the flow meter measures the flow rate of the compressed air in the supply line.
  • a monitor computer receives measured flow rate data from the flow meter.
  • the monitor computer includes an operational state identifying means for identifying a current operational state of the air-driven devices from a plurality of categorized operational states of the air-driven devices.
  • the monitor computer further includes an air leakage determining means for determining the level of leakage of compressed air in the compressed air circuit by comparing the measured flow rate data with a corresponding one of a plurality of master flow rates.
  • the selected master flow rate corresponds to the current operational state of the air-driven devices identified by the operational state identifying means. It was asserted therein that such an arrangement makes it easy to categorize the operational states of the air-driven devices and to identify the current operational state of the air-driven devices.
  • this known compressed air monitor system is expected to be quite expensive to implement due to the necessary flow meter and monitor computer.
  • AT 001 405 U1 discloses a method for monitoring or determining the amount or degree of leakage in a high pressure injection system of an internal combustion engine.
  • the engine In order to carry out this known method, the engine must be shut-off and the injection nozzles must be closed. Then, a high pressure region is filled with a low-pressure test gas. Thereafter, the periodic change of the pressure within the injection system is monitored and used for testing the air-tightness of the injection system.
  • this known method is unsatisfactory, because it cannot be performed while the engine is running or operating.
  • EP 1 439 295 A2 refers to a method for performing a controlled shut-off of an internal combustion engine such that the crankshaft stops in a predetermined angular position.
  • this known method does not provide any teaching for solving the above-mentioned technical problem(s).
  • a further method for performing a rapid shut-off of a diesel engine is disclosed in DE 31 15 410 A1 .
  • a throttle rod of an injection pump is connected with a gas cylinder.
  • the gas cylinder is connected to a pressure air pipe that supplies compressed air to a stop valve via an additional pipe.
  • Such an arrangement might be useful to stop the internal combustion engine rather quickly, but it does not help to solve the above-mentioned technical problem(s).
  • a safety air supply for diesel engine shutdown systems is disclosed.
  • This safety air supply is used in combination with a type of pneumatic shutdown system that is connected to an existing air supply source. It cooperates via electromechanical control means with the fuel injectors of a diesel engine for moving the fuel injectors between operative and inoperative positions.
  • the safety device comprises an air reservoir tank connected between the air supply source and the pneumatic cylinder of the shutdown system by means of heavy-duty armored conduit.
  • a tee fitting is sealed in the top wall of the tank.
  • a one-way check valve is secured in the top of the tee fitting and allows air to enter the tank from the existing air supply source up to a predetermined pressure.
  • valve closes to contain a supply of air within the tank, independent from the existing source.
  • the outlet of the tee fitting is connected to the inlet of the existing pneumatic shutdown system.
  • air will be supplied from the air tank to the shutdown pneumatic cylinder to maintain control, whereby the fuel injectors may be moved to the neutral position or inoperative position.
  • JP 06-002630 A Another diesel engine emergency shutdown system is disclosed in JP 06-002630 A , in which a selector valve is connected to an intake and to a discharge side of a fuel supply pump of the engine. This selector valve is switched by means of an emergency stop signal.
  • a selector valve is connected to an intake and to a discharge side of a fuel supply pump of the engine. This selector valve is switched by means of an emergency stop signal.
  • a further emergency shutdown system for a diesel engine is disclosed in DD 80 588 .
  • a pneumatic way-valve is used to supply a pressurized medium, preferably pressurized air, into the inlet chamber of an injection pump such that the fuel within the intake chamber is forced into a return line and the fuel tank and, as a result, further fuel supply is stopped.
  • a pressurized medium preferably pressurized air
  • US 4,643,213 discloses a method and apparatus for controlling fluid leakage from sections of a pressurized fluid system adapted to provide fluid at line pressure equipment associated therewith.
  • the disclosed apparatus includes a compressor unit which supplies compressed air at an operation pressure of fluid-driven tools or equipment via a common supply pipe and separate fluid lines to the fluid-driven tools.
  • the separate fluid lines may be a source for leakage of compressed air.
  • control units are arranged between the common supply pipe and the separate fluid lines. If the tools are in a non-demand situation, only a pilot pressure which is less than the operating pressure is supplied to the tools via the control units, i.e. the control units provide a minimal pilot pressure in the separate fluid lines when the tools are not in use.
  • Signaling means incorporated in the control unit itself in the form off low-rate detection means are adapted to discriminate between varying air flow rates which characterize line leakage from the separate fluid line at the pilot pressure in a non-demand situation and the air flow rate in the fluid line at pilot pressure in a work demand situation.
  • a work demand flow rate at pilot pressure is sensed and the control unit functions to communicate the air drop with line pressure.
  • This known apparatus shall avoid leakage of compressed air at the operation pressure in the separate fluid lines, and, therefore, leakage of air at the pilot pressure is accepted and does not give rise to a warning.
  • the known arrangement is obviously not used to monitor whether any leakage is occurring in one of the separate fluid lines, but checks whether there is a non-demand situation or a work demand situation by sensing different air flow rates.
  • a monitoring system for monitoring a pneumatic arrangement or assembly is disclosed.
  • the pneumatic arrangement is configured to supply compressed air at a predetermined operating pressure to at least one load and/or device configured to be driven or actuated by the compressed air at the operating pressure or higher.
  • This monitoring system is adapted to the connected to or may comprise a pneumatic source configured to supply compressed air at the operating pressure.
  • a pressure reducing device is configured to reduce the pressure of the compressed air from the operating pressure to a lower, leakage test pressure.
  • a switching device is provided and has a first switch position and a second switch position.
  • the at least one pneumatic load is supplied with the compressed air at the leakage test pressure and in the second switch position the at least one pneumatic load is supplied with compressed air at the operating pressure.
  • a piping or fluid communication path is configured to connect two or more of the pneumatic source, the pressure reducing device, the switching device and the at least one pneumatic load or device.
  • a pressure sensor is adapted to continuously sense the pressure within the piping or fluid communication path and to output a warning signal indicative for leakage in the piping in case the pressure within the piping or fluid communication path is or falls below a predetermined threshold pressure, e.g., less than the leakage test pressure.
  • a method for monitoring a pneumatic arrangement or assembly comprising at least one pneumatic load and/or device configured to be operated or actuated by compressed air at an operating pressure.
  • the method comprises at least the following method steps: supplying compressed air at the operating pressure into a piping or fluid communication path, reducing the pressure of the compressed air to a lower, leakage test pressure, thereafter monitoring the pressure within the piping or fluid communication path, and outputting a warning signal indicative for leakage in the piping in case the monitored pressure is less than or falls below a predetermined threshold pressure, e.g., less than the leakage test pressure.
  • the piping or fluid communication configured to supply compressed air to at least one pneumatic load is supplied with compressed air at a leakage test pressure that is less than a minimum operating or actuating pressure of the at least one pneumatic load.
  • a leakage test pressure that is less than a minimum operating or actuating pressure of the at least one pneumatic load.
  • compressed air at the operating pressure is preferably supplied through the piping to the at least one load only after switching a switching device, such as, for example, a 3/2-way valve or a switch at a pressure reducer device.
  • a switching device such as, for example, a 3/2-way valve or a switch at a pressure reducer device.
  • any leakage in the piping can be easily determined or detected by, for example, a pressure sensor.
  • the at least one load is, for example, a pneumatic cylinder that is activated in order to shut-off the fuel supply of an internal combustion engine, in particular a diesel engine, it can be guaranteed that, if an emergency stop is required, the pneumatic cylinder can be adequately activated while the piping is being continuously monitored for leakage. Consequently, a leakage in the piping is not expected to lead to an inability to shut-off the fuel supply, in case an emergency stop of the internal combustion engine(s) is required.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a first exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a further embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 3 is an arrangement according to the prior art.
  • FIG. 3 a known pneumatic arrangement or system for supplying compressed air at an operating pressure to air cylinders of fuel pumps of one or more diesel engines is explained with reference to Fig. 3 .
  • This monitoring system of the present disclosure may optionally be retro-fitted into an existing pneumatic system or may integrated in a newly-designed pneumatic system.
  • a pneumatic source 20 is connected via a service unit 21 and a piping comprising pipes 92, 94 and 95-98 to air stop cylinders 100, 100 1 , 100 2 , ..., 100 n .
  • Each air stop cylinder 100, 100 1 , 100 2 ,..., 100 n is connected to a fuel pump configured to supply fuel to a respective diesel engine 200, 200 1 , 200 2 , ..., 200 n .
  • the service unit 21 may comprise a dewatering device, e.g., a dehydrating and/or drainage device, a pressure reducer and an air filter.
  • a control valve (not shown in Fig. 3 ) may be included in the service unit 21.
  • control valve In a first position, the control valve is preferably configured to supply no compressed air, i.e. shut-off the supply of compressed air to the air stop cylinders, and in a second position to supply compressed air at an operating pressure, e.g., equal to or greater than a minimum actuation pressure, of the air stop cylinders 100, 100 1 , 100 2 , ..., 100 n .
  • an operating pressure e.g., equal to or greater than a minimum actuation pressure
  • the control valve within the service unit 21 is switched so that compressed air from the pneumatic source 20 is supplied via the piping 92, 94, 95-98 each respective air stop cylinder 100, 100 1 , 100 2 , ..., 100 n .
  • each air stop cylinder 100, 100 1 , 100 2 , ..., 100 n extends and due to this actuation, the fuel supply to each of the associated fuel pumps is stopped. Due to this rapid shut-off of the fuel supply to each diesel engine 200, 200 1 , 200 2 , ..., 200 n , the diesel engines 200, 200 1 , 200 2 , ..., 200 n are immediately stopped.
  • a pneumatic source 20 is connected to a device 22 for filtering and dewatering (e.g., dehydrating and/or draining liquid from) the compressed air and for reducing the pressure of the compressed air originating from the pneumatic source 20.
  • a pipe 87 connects the pneumatic source 20 to the air filter, dewatering and pressure reducer 22. Additional pipes 88 and 90 connect the device 22 to a 3/2-way valve 40.
  • the 3/2-way valve 40 is connected via pipes 92, 94 and 95-98 to a plurality of air stop cylinders 100, 100 1 , 100 2 , ..., 100 n of diesel engines 200, 200 1 , 200 2 , ..., 200 n .
  • a further pipe 89 connects the device 22 to a pressure reducer 25.
  • the pressure reducer 25 is connected via a pipe 91 to a restrict and non return valve 45.
  • Valve 45 may also be known as a check valve, a check valve having a throttle, a one-way throttle and is generally intended to cover any type of valve which has an adjustable flow cross-section and only permits air flow in one direction.
  • a pipe 93 connects the restrict and non return valve 45 to the pipe 94 and, accordingly, to the air stop cylinders 100, 100 1 , 100 2 , ..., 100 n via pipes 95-98, respectively.
  • a pressure sensor 50 is also connected to the pipe 94 and the control unit 60.
  • the pressure sensor 50 is adapted to sense the pressure within the piping comprising at least one of the pipes 91-98.
  • the pneumatic source 20 supplies compressed air at a first pressure P0 into the pipe 87.
  • the pressure of the compressed air originating from the pneumatic source 20 is reduced to an operating pressure P1, which may be for example at least a minimum pressure for operating and/or actuating the air stop cylinders 100, 100 1 , 100 2 , ..., 100n.
  • the operating pressure P1 is lower than the first pressure P0.
  • the pneumatic source 20 it is also possible for the pneumatic source 20 to supply compressed air, which is already at the operating pressure P1, to the air filter and/or dewatering device. In this alternative, the pressure reducer in device 22 may be omitted.
  • the filtered, dewatered and pressure-reduced compressed air at the operating pressure P1 or at a leakage test pressure P2 is supplied into the piping 92-98.
  • the 3/2-way valve 40 is in a position such that the pipe 90 is not in fluid communication with the pipe 92. Consequently, compressed air at the operating pressure P1 supplied through the device 22 flows through the pressure reducer 25. In the pressure reducer 25, the pressure of the compressed air is further reduced to the leakage test pressure P2, which is lower than the operating pressure P1. The compressed air at the leakage test pressure P2 then flows into the piping 91-98.
  • the air stop cylinders 100, 100 1 , 1002, ..., 100n are preferably configured to be actuated or operative only when compressed air is supplied thereto at a higher (or relatively high) pressure, i.e. higher than the leakage test pressure P2, e.g., a pressure at or about the operating pressure P1.
  • a higher (or relatively high) pressure i.e. higher than the leakage test pressure P2
  • the air stop cylinders 100, 100 1 , 100 2 , ..., 100 n are configured to remain idle (i.e. not actuated).
  • the piping including at least one of the pipes 91-98, is normally filled with compressed air at the leakage pressure P2.
  • the pressure within the piping should not change. Any changes in pressure within pipes 91-98 is thus preferably monitored by at least pressure sensor 50.
  • a leak develops in one or more of piping 91-98, compressed air at the leakage test pressure P2 will leak and, consequently, the pressure within the piping 91-98 will drop.
  • the pressure drop within the piping 91-98 is detected by the pressure sensor 50 and a signal indicative of the pressure drop within the piping 91-98, e.g. a drop in pressure below a predetermined threshold pressure, such as the leakage test pressure P2, is outputted to the control unit 60.
  • the control unit 60 connected to the 3/2-way valve 40 may switch the valve 40 to the second switch position in response to the recorded pressure drop, whereby compressed air at the operating pressure P1 will be supplied into the piping comprising the pipes 92-98.
  • the air stop cylinders 100, 100 1 , 100 2 , ..., 100 n are driven or extended, thereby shutting-off the fuel supply to the associated engines 200, 200 1 , 200 2 , ..., 200 n , as a pre-cautionary measure, so that the leak(s) in the piping 92-98 can be repaired.
  • FIG. 2 A more detailed schematic diagram of another exemplary embodiment of a monitoring system 10 is shown in Fig. 2 .
  • a pneumatic source 20 is connected to a dewatering device 22 1 arranged downstream of the pneumatic source 20.
  • a first pressure reducer 22 2 is arranged downstream of the dewatering device 22 1 .
  • the pressure reducer 25 and the 3/2-way air valve 40 are connected via pipes 88, 89, 90, respectively, to the pressure reducer 22 2 .
  • the restrict and non return valve 45 is connected via the pipe 91 to the outlet of the pressure reducer 25.
  • a pressure control valve 75 is connected to the pipe 91.
  • the outlet of the restrict and non return valve 45 is also connected to the 3/2-way air valve 40.
  • the pressure sensor 50 is connected to the pipe 92 2 which connects one outlet of the 3/2-way air valve 40 with a double check valve 70.
  • the pipe 94 connects the air cylinders 100, 100 1 , 100 2 , ..., 100 n with the double check valve 70.
  • the compressed air at a high pressure supplied from the pneumatic source 20 passes through the pressure reducer 22 2 and its pressure is reduced to the operating pressure P1. While the 3/2-way valve 40 is in the position shown in Fig. 2 , the pipe 92 1 is connected to or is in fluid communication with the pipe 92 2 . Consequently, the compressed air within the pipe 89 passes through the pressure reducer 25, thereby reducing its pressure to the leakage test pressure P2. The compressed air at the leakage test pressure P2 passes through the restrict and non return valve 45, the 3/2-way valve 40 and the double-check valve 70.
  • the pipe 92 2 is filled with compressed air at the leakage test pressure P2.
  • the pipe 92 1 is disconnected from the pipes 92 2 and 94. Instead, the pipe 90 is connected to the pipe 92 2 such that compressed air at the operating pressure P1 flows through the pipe 92 2 and pipes 94-98 to the air stop cylinders 100, 100 1 , 100 2 , ..., 100 n .
  • the air stop cylinders 100, 100 1 , 100 2 , ..., 100 n will extend and the fuel supply to the associated diesel engine 200, 200 1 , 200 2 , ..., 200 n will be immediately shut-off.
  • the change-over or switching of the 3/2-way valve 40 may be initiated by a control unit 60 (not shown in Fig. 2 for the purpose of clarity) in the same manner as the embodiment of Fig. 1 .
  • the 3/2-way valve 40 may embody a switching device mentioned above.
  • the 3/2-way valve 40 is switched back into the position shown in Fig. 2 . Consequently, the compressed air at the operating pressure P2 is exhausted via the double-check valve 70 and the compressed air in the piping comprising the pipes 92 and 94-98 returns to the leakage test pressure P2.
  • a pressure drop within the piping 92 and 94-98 can be detected during the normal operation mode (i.e. when the leakage test pressure is being supplied to the pipes 92 2 and 94).
  • the regulating valve 25 will automatically respond by attempting to increase the air volume flow rate in order to maintain the pressure within the piping 91-98 at the leakage test pressure P2.
  • the pressure limiting valve 75 monitors the valve 25. In case the valve 25 fails, the pressure in pipe 91 will increase. In this particular and exemplary embodiment, if the pressure becomes 1.5 bar or more, the pressure limiting valve 75 will open and prohibit an inadvertent extending or activation of the air stop cylinders 100, 100 1 , 100 2 , ..., 100 n .
  • the operating pressure P2 may set to, e.g., about 7.5 bar or 10.0 bar and the leakage test pressure P2 may set to, e.g., about 1.0 bar.
  • the air stop cylinders 100, 100 1 , 100 2 , ..., 100 n may be configured such that they are extended or actuated only if compressed air at an operating pressure of about, e.g., 2.0 bar is supplied thereto.
  • the full extension of the air cylinders 100, 100 1 , 100 2 , ..., 100 n is reached in this exemplary embodiment only if compressed air at a pressure of 7.5 bar is supplied thereto.
  • the air stop cylinders 100, 100 1 , 100 2 , ..., 100 n are preferably configured so that they do not extend or actuate if compressed air at a pressure below 2.0 bar is supplied thereto. However, it is well within the ordinary skill in the art to select other pressure values based upon the particular design that is implemented based upon the present teachings.
  • the present monitoring system may be used in connection with one or more air stop cylinders 100, 100 1 , 100 2 , ..., 100 n .
  • a monitoring system 10 can also be used with other pneumatic loads or devices, which may be modified such that the loads or devices can be activated only if compressed air at a pressure higher than a leakage test pressure is supplied thereto.
  • shutdown has been utilized herein to describe a stopping operation of an engine, it is noted this term is interchangeable with other similar concepts or actions such as cut-off, deactivation, power-down, power-off, de-energizing, etc.
  • piping is interchangeable with pipe, channel, conduit, duct, fluid communication path, etc.
  • operating pressure is generally understood to mean a minimum pressure necessary to actuate or drive a pneumatic load or device, e.g. changing the pneumatic load or device from a first state to a second state, and thus necessarily includes pressures higher than the minimum pressure necessary for actuation.
  • the monitoring system and the method disclosed above, outlined in the attached claims and shown in the drawings attached may be used in all technical arrangements and monitoring systems in which pneumatic actuating means, e.g., a pneumatic cylinder, are used, e.g., for applying a force.
  • pneumatic actuating means e.g., a pneumatic cylinder

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Examining Or Testing Airtightness (AREA)
  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Claims (17)

  1. Système de contrôle (10) pour contrôler la pression dans un montage pneumatique (15) configuré de manière à fournir de l'air comprimé à une pression d'exploitation prédéterminée (P1) à partir d'une source pneumatique (20) à au moins une charge pneumatique (100, 1001, 1002, ..., 100n), qui est configurée pour être actionnée par l'air comprimé à la pression d'exploitation (P1), le système de contrôle (10) comprenant :
    un dispositif de réduction de la pression (25) configuré pour diminuer la pression de l'air comprimé à la température de fonctionnement (P1) jusqu'à une pression d'essai de fuite (P2) qui est inférieure à la pression d'exploitation (P1) ;
    un dispositif de commutation (40) possédant une première position de commutation et une deuxième position de commutation, la première position de commutation étant configurée pour fournir la au moins une charge pneumatique (100, 1001, 1002, ... , 100n) , avec l'air comprimé à la pression d'essai de fuite (P2) et la deuxième position de commutation étant configurée pour fournir la au moins une charge pneumatique (100, 1001, 1002, ... , 100n), avec l'air comprimé à la pression d'exploitation (P1) ;
    une tuyauterie (92-98) configurée pour relier fluidement le dispositif de réduction de la pression (25), le dispositif de commutation (40) et la au moins une charge pneumatique (100, 1001, 1002, ... , 100n) , et
    un capteur de pression (50) configuré pour capter en permanence la pression à l'intérieur de la tuyauterie (92-98) et pour émettre un signal d'avertissement lorsque la pression à l'intérieur de la tuyauterie (92-98) est, ou tombe, en dessous d'une pression de seuil prédéterminée (P3) qui est inférieure à la pression d'essai de fuite (P2).
  2. Système de contrôle (10) selon la revendication 1, comprenant en outre une unité de commande (60) reliée au capteur de pression (50) et la au moins une charge pneumatique (100, 1001, 1002, ... , 100n) où l'unité de commande (60) est adaptée pour émettre un signal de commande à la au moins une charge pneumatique (100, 1001, 1002, ... , 100n) dans le cas où le capteur de pression (50) émet le signal d'avertissement en direction de l'unité de commande (60).
  3. Système de contrôle (10) selon la revendication 1 ou 2, comprenant en outre :
    une première tuyauterie pneumatique (88, 89, 90) configurée de manière à relier fluidiquement une sortie de la source pneumatique (20) à une entrée du dispositif de réduction de la pression (25) et à une première entrée du dispositif de commutation (40),
    une deuxième tuyauterie pneumatique (91, 921) reliant une sortie du dispositif de réduction de la pression (25) à une deuxième entrée du dispositif de commutation (40) et
    une troisième tuyauterie pneumatique (922, 94) configurée de manière à relier une sortie du dispositif de commutation (40) à une entrée de la au moins une charge pneumatique (100, 1001, 1002, ... , 100n) ,
    où la première position de commutateur du dispositif de commutation (40) est configurée pour fournir un trajet de communication fluide entre la sortie du dispositif de réduction de la pression (25) et l'entrée de la au moins une charge pneumatique (100, 1001, 1002, ... , 100n) et bloquer la communication fluide entre la première tuyauterie pneumatique (88, 89 90) et l'entrée de la au moins une charge pneumatique (100, 1001, 1002, ..., 100n) et la deuxième position de commutateur du dispositif de commutation (40) est configurée pour bloquer la communication fluide entre la sortie du dispositif de réduction de la pression (25) et l'entrée de la au moins une charge pneumatique (100, 1001, 1002, ... , 100n) et fournir un trajet de communication fluide entre la première tuyauterie pneumatique (88, 89, 90) et l'entrée de la au moins une charge pneumatique (100, 1001, 1002, ... , 100n) .
  4. Système de contrôle selon la revendication 3, comprenant en outre un clapet antiretour avec étranglement (45), une entrée du clapet antiretour avec étranglement (45) étant reliée à la sortie du dispositif de réduction de la pression (25) et une sortie du clapet antiretour avec étranglement (45) étant reliée à la première entrée du dispositif de commutation (40).
  5. Système de contrôle selon la revendication 3 ou 4 comprenant également une soupape de sûreté (70) reliée à la troisième tuyauterie pneumatique (922, 94).
  6. Système de contrôle selon l'une des revendications qui précèdent, où le dispositif de commutation est une vanne à plusieurs voies comme par exemple une vanne à 3/2 voies (40).
  7. Système de contrôle selon l'une des revendications qui précèdent, où le rapport de la pression d'exploitation (P1) à la pression d'essai de fuite (P2) se situe dans le domaine d'environ 2 à 20, de préférence d'environ 5 à 10 et, mieux encore, d'environ 7 à 8.
  8. Système de contrôle selon l'une des revendications qui précèdent, où la pression d'exploitation (P1) se situe dans le domaine d'environ 2 à 20 bars, de préférence d'environ 5 à 10 bars et, mieux encore, d'environ 7 à 8 bars.
  9. Système de contrôle selon l'une des revendications qui précèdent, où la pression d'essai de fuite (P2) se situe dans un domaine d'environ 0,2 à 20 bars, de préférence d'environ 0,5 à 5 bars et mieux encore d'environ 1 à 2 bars.
  10. Système de contrôle selon l'une des revendications qui précèdent, où le capteur de pression (50) est disposé pour contrôler la pression dans la partie de la tuyauterie (92-98) qui relie le dispositif de réduction de la pression (25) à la au moins une charge pneumatique (100, 1001, 1002, ..., 100n) .
  11. Système de contrôle selon l'une des revendications qui précèdent, comprenant en outre la au moins une charge pneumatique (100, 1001, 1002, ..., 100n), où la au moins une charge pneumatique (100, 1001, 1002, ..., 100n) est sélectionnée dans le groupe d'éléments comprenant un cylindre pneumatique, un actionneur pneumatique et des moyens d'ajustement pneumatique.
  12. Système de contrôle selon l'une des revendications qui précèdent, comprenant en outre la au moins une charge pneumatique (100, 1001, 1002, ..., 100n), où la au moins une charge pneumatique (100, 1001, 1002, ..., 100n) comprend un cylindre d'arrêt d'air d'une pompe d'injection de carburant d'un moteur diesel.
  13. Système pneumatique comprenant :
    le système de contrôle selon l'une quelconque des revendications qui précèdent,
    une source pneumatique (20) configurée pour fournir de l'air comprimé à la pression d'exploitation prédéterminée (P1) ou à une pression supérieure, et
    au moins une charge pneumatique (100, 1001, 1002, ..., 100n) configurée pour être actionnée par l'air comprimé à la pression d'exploitation (P1), le système de contrôle étant configuré pour contrôler la pression à l'intérieur d'une communication fluide entre la source pneumatique (20) et la au moins une charge pneumatique (100, 1001, 1002, ... , 100n) .
  14. Méthode pour le contrôle d'un montage pneumatique (15) possédant au moins une charge pneumatique (100, 1001, 1002, ..., 100n) qui est actionnable par de l'air comprimé à une pression d'exploitation (P1), la méthode comprenant :
    la fourniture d'air comprimé à la pression d'exploitation (P1) dans une tuyauterie (92-98) ;
    la réduction de la pression dudit air comprimé à une pression d'essai de fuite (P2) qui est inférieure à la pression d'exploitation (P1) ;
    le contrôle de la pression à l'intérieur de la tuyauterie (92-98) ; et
    l'émission d'un signal d'avertissement au cas où la pression contrôlée à l'intérieur de la tuyauterie (92, 98) est inférieure à, ou tombe en dessous d'une pression de seuil prédéterminée, qui est inférieure à la pression d'essai de fuite (P2).
  15. Méthode selon la revendication 14, comprenant en outre :
    la fourniture d'air comprimé à une pression (P0) supérieure à la pression d'exploitation (P1) à partir d'une source pneumatique (20), et
    la réduction de la pression (P0) de l'air comprimé à la pression d'exploitation (P1).
  16. Méthode selon la revendication 14 ou 15 comprenant également la transmission du signal d'avertissement à une unité de commande (60) où l'unité de commande (60) ferme ensuite un dispositif associé avec la au moins une charge pneumatique (100, 1001, 1002, ... , 100n).
  17. Méthode selon la revendication 16 où le dispositif est au moins un moteur diesel (200, 2001, 2002, ..., 200n).
EP08001852A 2008-01-31 2008-01-31 Système et procédé de surveillance en continu de fuites d'air Not-in-force EP2085622B1 (fr)

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DE602008002141T DE602008002141D1 (de) 2008-01-31 2008-01-31 System und Verfahren zur durchgängigen Druckluft-Leckageüberwachung
EP08001852A EP2085622B1 (fr) 2008-01-31 2008-01-31 Système et procédé de surveillance en continu de fuites d'air
AT08001852T ATE477421T1 (de) 2008-01-31 2008-01-31 System und verfahren zur durchgängigen druckluft- leckageüberwachung

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CN112628241A (zh) * 2020-12-29 2021-04-09 中国航空工业集团公司西安飞机设计研究所 一种飞机液压系统内泄漏检测装置及方法
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RO137379A0 (ro) * 2022-12-16 2023-04-28 Institutul Naţional De Cercetare-Dezvoltare Şi Încercări Pentru Electrotehnica -Icmet Craiova Metodă predictivă şi sistem pentru stabilirea stării de funcţionare la tunuri şi microtunuri pneumatice tip big-blaster

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