EP2076477A2 - Procédé de granulation d'engrais en continu - Google Patents

Procédé de granulation d'engrais en continu

Info

Publication number
EP2076477A2
EP2076477A2 EP07820337A EP07820337A EP2076477A2 EP 2076477 A2 EP2076477 A2 EP 2076477A2 EP 07820337 A EP07820337 A EP 07820337A EP 07820337 A EP07820337 A EP 07820337A EP 2076477 A2 EP2076477 A2 EP 2076477A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fertilizer
mixer
granules
fertilizers
mixing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07820337A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Karin Ax
Holger Barthel
Reiner Witt
Bernhard Purucker
Michael Mauss
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BASF SE
Original Assignee
BASF SE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BASF SE filed Critical BASF SE
Priority to EP07820337A priority Critical patent/EP2076477A2/fr
Publication of EP2076477A2 publication Critical patent/EP2076477A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
    • B01J2/10—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic in stationary drums or troughs, provided with kneading or mixing appliances

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for the production of fertilizer granules.
  • the method is particularly suitable for the production of finely divided fertilizer granules.
  • the invention relates to the granulated fertilizers obtainable by this process and their use for the fertilization of agricultural and / or horticultural crops.
  • Fertilizers are currently used mainly in the form of granules. These granules are easy to handle and can be easily transferred and dispensed compared to powders. Granules are also characterized by good flowability and tend, in contrast to Kompaktaten, which are characterized by a comparatively angular and non-circular particle shape, little to dust formation by abrasion or grain breakage.
  • Fertilizer granules can be prepared by various techniques (see Ullmann 's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 5th Edition 1987, Vol. A 10, pp. 380-386, Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH, Weinheim). For large-scale production of fertilizers, granulating drums, granulating discs, fluidized bed apparatus or mixers are used, for example. This is either a starting material
  • Mash a high temperature pumpable salt mash with a water content of ⁇ 10% by weight
  • Bulk fertilizers usually have granule sizes of 2.5 to 5 mm.
  • mixers with fixed or movable internals can be used.
  • finely ground dry raw materials are filled, moistened and then granulated.
  • the granulation time in these mixers is usually in the range of 5 to 10 minutes.
  • a problem with the granulation of fertilizers is that crude granules are often produced on a large scale with very broad particle size distribution, so that the yield of granules in the desired size (Gutkornausbeute) is only 25 to 40%. The remaining amount must be recirculated consuming.
  • EP-A 479 097 proposes for the granulation of fertilizers a certain discontinuously operated mixer which, in a rotatable cylindrical bottomed container, comprises a stirrer which is arranged in the container in an eccentric position, ie at a certain distance from the center of rotation of the container. and a scraper, which is arranged at the edge of the container such that it does not interfere with the rotation of the stirrer.
  • the size of the fertilizer granules obtainable with this apparatus depends inter alia on the rotational speed of the stirrer.
  • Such mixers are commercially available, for example, the Maschinenfabrik Gustav Eirich, 74732 Hardheim.
  • This object is achieved by a method for the continuous granulation of fertilizers using a mixer with a horizontally arranged cylindrical mixing space and a centrically arranged in this mixing space fast rotating shaft, which is equipped with mixing tools.
  • the invention thus provides a process for the production of fertilizer granules, in which
  • a fertilizer in powder form is continuously introduced on one side (inlet side) into a mixer with a horizontally arranged cylindrical mixing space and a rapidly rotating shaft arranged centrally in this mixing space and equipped with mixing tools,
  • the centrally arranged in the cylindrical mixing chamber of the mixer shaft is equipped with mixing tools, which may have approximately the shape of paddles, pins or tapering tusks.
  • the residence time of the product in the mixer can be influenced by the shape and arrangement of the tools. For example, when using paddle-shaped mixing tools or those which are flattened at least on one side, a particularly short residence time can be achieved by setting an inclination angle in the direction of movement, which causes the product to be transported in the direction of the exit side. If, on the other hand, a part of the mixing tools is adjusted to an angle of inclination which causes a counter transport of the product in the mixer in the direction of the inlet side, this can prolong the residence time of the product in the mixer.
  • the mean residence time of the fertilizer in the mixer is generally less than 2 minutes, preferably between 10 seconds and 1 minute.
  • the average residence time is significantly shorter than other methods used for granulation of fertilizers.
  • Large mass flow rates can therefore be realized in the process according to the invention with relatively small apparatuses with a small footprint and comparatively small drive units, which represents a great advantage especially for fertilizers usually produced in large quantities.
  • the speed of the shaft is usually at a maximum of 4000 rpm, preferably in the range of 800 to 3000 rpm. It should be chosen so that the peripheral speed at which the mixing tools move at their outer end in the mixing chamber is between 8 and 50 m / s, preferably between 10 and 40 m / s. Due to the high circumferential speed of the mixing tools, the product is distributed and moved like a ring layer on the inner wall of the mixing chamber, ensuring a high local energy input.
  • the fertilizer granules obtained with the method according to the invention therefore have a high grain hardness despite the only comparatively short residence time in the mixer, which is comparable to the grain hardness of granules from other processes with significantly longer residence times in the granulator.
  • the granulation process is generally carried out at temperatures of 10 to 120 0 C, preferably 20 to 60 0 C.
  • the mixer to be used according to the invention can be equipped with a heating or cooling jacket.
  • the mixing tools and the mixing chamber are subjected to a high load, the tools can be provided with a coating against wear and the inner wall of the mixing chamber with a coating or inner shell to reduce caking, for example Teflon® or other plastic, which increases from time to time Time can be changed and renewed.
  • a coating or inner shell to reduce caking, for example Teflon® or other plastic, which increases from time to time Time can be changed and renewed.
  • the incorporation of the present in powder form of fertilizer in the mixing chamber for example, by a feed nozzle, which is mounted in the vicinity of one of the end walls of the cylindrical mixing space (inlet side), take place.
  • the liquid required for granulation may be continuous both at atmospheric pressure and at an absolute pressure of about 1 to about 20 bar, for example via flexible hoses or inlet tubes, which are installed in the feed nozzle or in the vicinity of the powder inlet in the wall of the mixing chamber be metered into the mixing chamber or the feed pipe.
  • the liquid supplied is distributed quickly and evenly in the ring layer.
  • the required for granulation liquid (granulation) is metered continuously in the process of the invention in the mixing chamber.
  • Water, aqueous solutions of fertilizer salts or mixtures thereof in various concentrations, organic substances such as molasses, vinasse, lignosulfonates or aqueous solutions of one or more of these substances and / or fusible organic substances such as fatty alcohols, waxes or polyethylene glycols may be used as the granulation liquid , Preferably, as Granulating liquid used water or an aqueous fertilizer salt solution.
  • the granulating liquid is used in an amount of from 0.5 to 40% by weight, preferably from 5 to 30% by weight, in each case based on the total mass of fertilizer and granulating liquid.
  • the water content of the resulting mixture is generally between 1 and 30 wt .-%, preferably between 1 and 20 wt .-% and particularly preferably between 3 and 15 wt .-%.
  • the raw granules emerge continuously from the mixer.
  • an emptying opening with nozzles can be installed in the lower half of the mixing chamber.
  • An outlet flap built into the discharge opening which can be either mechanically adjusted or also pneumatically controlled, allows control of the degree of filling in the mixer.
  • the crude granules obtained can then be further processed, for example by working steps customary in the production of fertilizers, such as drying, cooling, screening, conditioning or aftertreatment, for example with anti-caking agents, dust binders, dyes, active ingredients or similar agents.
  • fertilizers such as drying, cooling, screening, conditioning or aftertreatment, for example with anti-caking agents, dust binders, dyes, active ingredients or similar agents.
  • the grain size distribution of the obtained raw granules has a high content in the range of 0.1 to 3 mm, especially 0.3 to 2.5 mm, and more preferably 0.5 to 1.6 mm, desirable for fine-grained fertilizers.
  • the particle size distribution of the granules depends on the composition of the fertilizer and can be adjusted via the temperature, the ratio of granulating liquid to fertilizer, the speed of the granulator shaft and the residence time in the mixer.
  • the mixer to be used according to the invention is a type of mixer known per se. Mixers of this type are manufactured and offered, for example, by the companies Gebr. Lödige, 68219 Mannheim, (type K-TT or CB) and Ruberg-Mischtechnik KG, 33106 Paderborn, (type RMG).
  • EP-A 0 264 049 describes the production of granules from organic substances, among other things also granulators with a rapidly rotating shaft are used.
  • fertilizer granules are produced from predominantly inorganic components, with particularly fine-grained granules are obtained with surprisingly high yields, which are significantly higher than the yields obtained with other methods.
  • the residence time of the material in the mixing chamber is significantly shorter than in other known Method of fertilizer granulation, whereby large mass flow rates can be achieved with relatively small apparatus.
  • the fertilizers used are in powder form, generally with a particle size distribution with a mass fraction of at least 50% below 500 ⁇ m and at least 95% below 1000 ⁇ m, preferably at least 50% below 300 ⁇ m and at least 95% below 500 ⁇ m.
  • the mean particle size Xso of the fertilizers used is generally in the range of about 10 to about 400 microns, preferably in the range of about 15 to about 300 microns.
  • the raw materials can consist of pure fresh product or a mixture of fresh material and possibly moist recycled material, which can come from a previously performed agglomeration process.
  • the fertilizers used for the process according to the invention may be both single and multi-nutrient fertilizers.
  • all common fertilizer components are conceivable, as nitrogen sources such as ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, urea, cyanamide, dicyandiamide, sodium nitrate, chile saltpetre or calcium nitrate and long-term fertilizers such as oxamide, urea-formaldehyde, urea-acetaldehyde or Urea-glyoxal condensates, for example urea form, acetylenediurea, isobutylidene diurea or crotonylidenediurea can be used.
  • compounds which contain one or more plant nutrients such as phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, calcium or sulfur, and also compounds which contain the trace elements boron, iron, copper, zinc, manganese or molybdenum.
  • plant nutrients such as phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, calcium or sulfur
  • compounds which contain the trace elements boron, iron, copper, zinc, manganese or molybdenum are monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, superphosphate, Thomas phosphate, triple superphosphate, dicalcium phosphate, potassium phosphate, partially or fully digested crude phosphates, potassium nitrate, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, dipotassium phosphate, magnesium sulfate, magnesium chloride, kieserite, dolomite, lime, ceriumite, boric acid , Borax, iron sulfate, copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate, ammonium molybdate or similar substances.
  • the fertilizers may also contain one or more active substances such as nitrification inhibitors, urease inhibitors, herbicides, fungicides, insecticides, growth regulators, hormones, pheromones or other pesticides or soil adjuvants in amounts of 0.01 to 20 wt .-% based on the finished fertilizer.
  • active substances such as nitrification inhibitors, urease inhibitors, herbicides, fungicides, insecticides, growth regulators, hormones, pheromones or other pesticides or soil adjuvants in amounts of 0.01 to 20 wt .-% based on the finished fertilizer.
  • complexing agents such as EDTA or EDDHA may also be included. Preference is given to the use of nitrogen fertilizers, in particular those having a long-term action such as urea form, acetylenediurea, isobutylidenediurea or crotonylidenediurea.
  • Another object of the present invention are granulated fertilizers, obtainable by the method described above.
  • the raw granules of the granulated fertilizers have a particle size distribution with a mass fraction of at least 50% in the range of 0.5 to 1.6 mm.
  • the granulated fertilizers obtainable by the process according to the invention are suitable for use in the fertilization of agricultural and / or horticultural crops. They are particularly suitable in the field of landscaping and for the fertilization of lawns and potted crops. Another object of the invention thus relates to the use of granulated fertilizers for fertilizing agricultural and / or horticultural crops.
  • Solids mixture consisting of: - Isobutylidenediurea (technical) 47% by weight
  • Solid 4 Solid mixture consisting of:
  • Granulating liquid Aqueous solution of potassium and ammonium sulfate, solids content 60% by weight or water (in example 7)
  • Ring layer mixer type K-TT 20 from Gebr. Lödige, Division Drais, D-68219 Mannheim, length of the mixing chamber: 1200 mm, diameter of the mixing chamber: 200 mm
  • the average residence time in this mixer is about 10 to 35 seconds.
  • the granulations were carried out at room temperature without additional heating. Due to the high mechanical energy input, however, the fertilizer can heat up to 60 0 C during granulation.
  • test products were dried in a drying oven at 80 ° C.
  • Table 1 Example experiments 1 to 7 at room temperature in the ring layer mixer type K-TT 20
  • Example 1 With the experiments described in Example 1 to 7, fine-grained fertilizer granules could be produced.
  • the particle size distributions of the experimental products of Examples 1 to 6 are shown in FIG.
  • the Gutkornausbeuten in the range between 0.5 mm and 1, 6 mm are listed in Table 1.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé de production de granulés d'engrais. Ce procédé est particulièrement adapté à la production de granulés d'engrais finement divisés. L'invention concerne en outre les engrais granulés qui peuvent être obtenus par ce procédé, ainsi que leur utilisation pour la fertilisation de cultures agricoles et/ou maraîchères.
EP07820337A 2006-09-29 2007-09-19 Procédé de granulation d'engrais en continu Withdrawn EP2076477A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07820337A EP2076477A2 (fr) 2006-09-29 2007-09-19 Procédé de granulation d'engrais en continu

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP06121518 2006-09-29
PCT/EP2007/059893 WO2008040636A2 (fr) 2006-09-29 2007-09-19 Procédé de granulation d'engrais en continu
EP07820337A EP2076477A2 (fr) 2006-09-29 2007-09-19 Procédé de granulation d'engrais en continu

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2076477A2 true EP2076477A2 (fr) 2009-07-08

Family

ID=39268836

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07820337A Withdrawn EP2076477A2 (fr) 2006-09-29 2007-09-19 Procédé de granulation d'engrais en continu

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20100263420A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2076477A2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2664116A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008040636A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NO336052B1 (no) * 2012-08-29 2015-04-27 Yara Int Asa Sikre blandinger av ammoniumnitrat (AN) med urea, eller av et AN-omfattende produkt med et urea-omfattende produkt
DE102017207131A1 (de) * 2017-04-27 2018-10-31 Thyssenkrupp Ag Granulationsvorrichtung

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1205498B (de) * 1963-04-13 1965-11-25 Wintershall Ag Vorrichtung zur Granulation von Stoffen, insbesondere von Duengemitteln
DE1264412B (de) * 1964-08-06 1968-03-28 Continental Carbon Co Vorrichtung zur Feuchtgranulierung von pulverfoermigem Material
SE377768B (fr) * 1973-08-17 1975-07-28 Supra Ab
JPS5651957Y2 (fr) * 1978-05-11 1981-12-04
DE3635313A1 (de) * 1986-10-17 1988-04-28 Bayer Ag Verfahren zur herstellung von granulaten
DE69812114T2 (de) * 1998-12-10 2003-12-24 Zeelandia Jung Gmbh & Co. Kg Körnige Backhilfe
US7213367B2 (en) * 2002-03-26 2007-05-08 Georgia-Pacific Resins, Inc. Slow release nitrogen seed coat

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2008040636A3 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20100263420A1 (en) 2010-10-21
WO2008040636A3 (fr) 2008-10-23
WO2008040636A2 (fr) 2008-04-10
CA2664116A1 (fr) 2008-04-10

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