EP2074922A2 - Household device, in particular dishwasher, with circulating, clocked heater - Google Patents

Household device, in particular dishwasher, with circulating, clocked heater Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2074922A2
EP2074922A2 EP08020495A EP08020495A EP2074922A2 EP 2074922 A2 EP2074922 A2 EP 2074922A2 EP 08020495 A EP08020495 A EP 08020495A EP 08020495 A EP08020495 A EP 08020495A EP 2074922 A2 EP2074922 A2 EP 2074922A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
switch
heater
switching
switching state
resistance heater
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Granted
Application number
EP08020495A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2074922A3 (en
EP2074922B1 (en
Inventor
Alfred Betschart
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V-Zug AG
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V-Zug AG
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Priority to PL08020495T priority Critical patent/PL2074922T3/en
Priority to SI200831960T priority patent/SI2074922T1/en
Publication of EP2074922A2 publication Critical patent/EP2074922A2/en
Publication of EP2074922A3 publication Critical patent/EP2074922A3/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L15/00—Washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware
    • A47L15/42—Details
    • A47L15/4285—Water-heater arrangements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L15/00—Washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware
    • A47L15/0018—Controlling processes, i.e. processes to control the operation of the machine characterised by the purpose or target of the control
    • A47L15/0047—Energy or water consumption, e.g. by saving energy or water
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L2401/00—Automatic detection in controlling methods of washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware, e.g. information provided by sensors entered into controlling devices
    • A47L2401/06—Water supply, circulation or discharge information
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L2401/00—Automatic detection in controlling methods of washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware, e.g. information provided by sensors entered into controlling devices
    • A47L2401/08—Drain or recirculation pump parameters, e.g. pump rotational speed or current absorbed by the motor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L2501/00—Output in controlling method of washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware, i.e. quantities or components controlled, or actions performed by the controlling device executing the controlling method
    • A47L2501/06—Water heaters

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a domestic appliance, in particular a dishwasher, with a heater for water and with a clocked control for the heater for operating the continuous heater at different powers.
  • EP 1 738 677 For example, a dishwasher is known in which the water can be pumped by a pump at different flow rates. A high flow rate is required during normal operation of the unit, a low flow rate in steam mode. In both modes, the water must be heated by a continuous flow heater.
  • the average heating power of the continuous flow heater must be lowered. With clocked heating, this is achieved by using fewer or shorter heating pulses. However, the use of shorter heating pulses is undesirable for reasons of durability and controllability of the overall system. When using fewer, longer heating pulses, the problem arises that due to inadequate cooling due to slow water flow, the water starts to boil, causing unwanted noise and stressing the heater.
  • the continuous heater must be operated with a zero-crossing or phase control with timed exactly controllable electronic or electromechanical switches, which, however, leads to high costs or an increased calibration effort.
  • the heating device has at least one first and one second resistance heater.
  • the resistance heaters are operated via a switching device which has at least two switching states. In the first switching state, at least the first resistance heater is operated with the predetermined supply voltage. In the second switching state, the first and the second resistance heater are electrically connected in series and the resulting series circuit is operated with the supply voltage. This ensures that the heater can absorb less power in the second switching state than in the first, which also allows for low heating power required to operate the heater with relatively long clock pulses without the above-mentioned problems occur.
  • the resistance heaters can be physically integrated in a common component, but they can also be designed as separate components.
  • the claimed solution thus combines the clocked operation - which in itself would already be able to vary the performance of the heater, with a variation of the internal resistance of the heater.
  • the resistance heaters can be operated clocked both in the first and in the second switching state of the switching device.
  • the timing, ie the switching on and off of the resistance heaters to produce the desired average power is generated by pressing the switch of the switching device - it is conceivable, however, the switching device separate Toggle the clock switch to perform the clocking.
  • the present invention is particularly suitable for household appliances in which the water is passed through the heater at different rates, e.g. for a dishwasher of the type mentioned.
  • FIG. 1 shows a simplified circuit diagram of an embodiment of the invention.
  • a dishwasher of in EP 1 738 677 described type wherein only the controller 1 of the device, the pump 2 for pumping the water from the sump into the spray arms, a heater in the form of a continuous heater 3 and a switching device 4 are shown.
  • the flow heater 3 is arranged on the water circuit before, after or at the pump 2 and serves to heat the water flowing therein. It consists of at least two resistance heaters 5, 6, whose terminals are connected to the switching device 4.
  • the switching device 4 serves to connect the resistance heaters 5, 6 via switches (in particular relay switches) S0, S1 and S2 to a neutral conductor N, a first phase L1 and / or (optionally) a second phase L2 of the alternating current supply network.
  • the switch S0 called neutral switch, is a changeover switch. He is connected to the neutral N on the first page. On the second side, it is either connected to one respective connection of both resistance heaters 5, 6, or to one of the branch connections of the switch S2.
  • the switch S1 called the tact switch, is also an on / off switch. On the first page is it is connected to the first phase L1 and on the other side to the second terminal of the first resistance heater 5.
  • the switch S2 is a change-over switch which selectively connects a trunk connection to a first and a second branch connection.
  • the trunk terminal is connected to the second terminal of the second resistance heater 6.
  • the first branch terminal is connected to the second phase L2.
  • the second branch connection can be connected to the neutral conductor via the switch S0.
  • the second terminal of the second resistance heater can optionally be connected to the neutral conductor N (if switch S0 is in the in Fig. 1 lower position) and the second phase L2 are connected. If an operation of the device is provided without a second phase, then the switch S2 can be replaced by a bridge which permanently connects the second terminal of the resistance heater 6 to the neutral conductor.
  • the controller 1 controls the operation of the apparatus according to a program specified by the user as well as the condition parameters of the apparatus.
  • the controller 1 with corresponding sensors, in particular with a temperature sensor 8 for measuring the water temperature to or at the flow heater 3, respectively.
  • the switching device 4 is operated by the controller 1 in two different switching states:
  • the neutral switch S0 in the in Fig. 1 upper position and connects the first terminals of the resistance heaters 5, 6 with the neutral conductor N.
  • the clock switch S1 is turned on and off to operate the first resistance heater 5 clocked.
  • the switch S2 is switched (when the device with two phases) between its two positions to the second resistance heater. 6 clocked to operate.
  • In his in Fig. 1 In the upper position no current flows through the resistance heating, in the lower position already.
  • the first resistance heater 5 is thus connected between the neutral conductor N and the first phase L1 with e.g. 230 V operated. Their power consumption is controlled by the controller 1 by turning on and off the clock switch S1. It can, if clock switch S1 is permanently turned on, provide maximum power of e.g. 2 kW.
  • the second resistance heater 6 is operated in the first switching state between the neutral conductor N and the second phase L2, for example, also with 230 V. Your power consumption, if the device is operated with two phases, controlled by the controller 1 by switching the switch S2.
  • the continuous-flow heater can draw a maximum power of approximately 3.3 kW in two-phase operation or 2 kW in single-phase operation.
  • the neutral switch S0 In the second switching state, the neutral switch S0 is in the lower position, ie the first terminals of the two resistance heaters are not at neutral potential.
  • the switch S2 is permanently in the in Fig. 1 upper position, in which it connects the second terminal of the second resistance heater 6 via the switch S0 to the neutral conductor.
  • the clock switch S1 is either permanently on, if maximum power operation is desired, or it is turned on and off to operate both resistive heaters 5, 6 in a clocked manner.
  • the first and second resistance heaters are electrically connected in series between the neutral conductor N and the first phase L1.
  • the supply voltage of e.g. 230 V is therefore above the entire series connection of the two resistance heaters, so that drops over each resistor heating a low voltage.
  • the average power drawn by the resistance heaters can be adjusted by switching the clock switch S1 on and off by the controller according to the respective requirements.
  • the maximum power received by the continuous heater 3 in the second switching state is e.g. 800 W.
  • the device can be operated in a normal operation with a first pump power and in a steam operation with a second pump power.
  • the water is heated by the flow heater 3, wherein the controller 1 monitors its temperature in or after the flow-through heater and operates the flow heater clocked so that the measured temperature corresponds to a target temperature.
  • the controller 1 drives the pump so that the water is pumped at a first speed in normal operation and at a second speed in steam operation, the first speed being greater than the second speed.
  • the two speeds may differ by a factor of 10 or more.
  • the controller 1 is configured to set the switching device at the first speed in the first switching state described above when pumping, and when pumping at the second speed in the second switching state described above. This takes into account the fact that when pumping at the second speed a much lower heating power is needed.
  • the clock switch S1 does not have to be switched at all during heating up and only rarely after the setpoint temperature has been reached, if the power consumption of the series connection of the two heater resistors is suitably selected.
  • the heater resistors are optimally cooled even at low speeds of the pump 2 due to the low power and there is no overheating of the heating coil, which could reduce the life.
  • the switch S2 is first in the in Fig. 1 Upper position brought as long as the upper branch connection is still high impedance (ie, as long as the switch S0 is still in the upper position). In this way, an arc between the two branch connections of the switch S2 can be avoided even when not specially secured switches. Only when the switch S2 is safely in the upper position, the switch S0 is switched.
  • switches S0 can be configured as a simple on / off switch.
  • the heater in the above description is configured as a continuous heater. However, it is also conceivable, e.g. To arrange at least a portion of the heater at the bottom of the tub where it heats the water standing there.

Abstract

The appliance has a heating device (3) e.g. passage heater, for water, and a clocked control (1) for operating the heating device during different outputs. The heating device is provided with resistance heaters (5, 6), and a switching device (4) is provided with two switching states, where the heaters are electrically operable in series with a given supply voltage in the switching states. The heaters are electrically arranged in series between a neutral conductor (N) and a phase (L1) in one of the states. The switching device is provided with a neutral conductor switch.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Haushaltgerät, insbesondere Geschirrspüler, mit einer Heizvorrichtung für Wasser und mit einer getakteten Ansteuerung für die Heizvorrichtung zum Betrieb des Durchlauf-Erhitzers bei unterschiedlichen Leistungen.The invention relates to a domestic appliance, in particular a dishwasher, with a heater for water and with a clocked control for the heater for operating the continuous heater at different powers.

Aus EP 1 738 677 ist ein Geschirrspüler bekannt, bei welchem das Wasser von einer Pumpe mit unterschiedlichen Flussgeschwindigkeiten umgepumpt werden kann. Eine hohe Flussgeschwindigkeit wird im normalen Betrieb des Geräts benötigt, eine geringe Durchflussgeschwindigkeit im Dampfbetrieb. In beiden Betriebsarten muss das Wasser von einem Durchlauf-Erhitzer erwärmt werden.Out EP 1 738 677 For example, a dishwasher is known in which the water can be pumped by a pump at different flow rates. A high flow rate is required during normal operation of the unit, a low flow rate in steam mode. In both modes, the water must be heated by a continuous flow heater.

Zum Heizen des Wassers bei geringer Durchflussgeschwindigkeit muss die mittlere Heizleistung des Durchlauf-Erhitzers abgesenkt werden. Bei einer getakteten Heizung wird dies erreicht, indem weniger oder kürzere Heizpulse verwendet werden. Der Einsatz kürzerer Heizpulse ist aus Gründen der Lebensdauer und der Beherrschbarkeit des Gesamtsystems jedoch unerwünscht. Bei Verwendung weniger, längerer Heizpulse tritt das Problem auf, dass an der Heizungen aufgrund unzureichender Kühlung durch den langsamen Wasserfluss das Wasser zu kochen beginnt, was unerwünschte Geräusche verursacht und die Heizung belastet.To heat the water at low flow rate, the average heating power of the continuous flow heater must be lowered. With clocked heating, this is achieved by using fewer or shorter heating pulses. However, the use of shorter heating pulses is undesirable for reasons of durability and controllability of the overall system. When using fewer, longer heating pulses, the problem arises that due to inadequate cooling due to slow water flow, the water starts to boil, causing unwanted noise and stressing the heater.

Um diese Problematik zu lösen muss der Durchlauf-Erhitzer mit einer Nulldurchgangs- oder Phasenanschnittsteuerung mit zeitlich exakt steuerbaren elektronischen oder elektromechanischen Schaltern betrieben werden, was jedoch zu hohen Kosten oder zu einem erhöhten Kalibrierungsaufwand führt.To solve this problem, the continuous heater must be operated with a zero-crossing or phase control with timed exactly controllable electronic or electromechanical switches, which, however, leads to high costs or an increased calibration effort.

Es stellt sich deshalb die Aufgabe, ein Gerät der eingangs genannten Art bereitzustellen, welches den Betrieb der Heizvorrichtung über einen weiten Leistungsbereich erlaubt aber die beschriebene Problematik zu vermeiden vermag.It is therefore the object to provide a device of the type mentioned, which the operation of the heater over a wide power range but allows to avoid the described problem.

Diese Aufgabe wird vom Haushaltgerät gemäss Anspruch 1 erfüllt. Demgemäss weist die Heizvorrichtung mindestens eine erste und eine zweite Widerstandsheizung auf. Die Widerstandsheizungen werden über eine Schaltvorrichtung betrieben, welche mindestens zwei Schaltzustände besitzt. Im ersten Schaltzustand wird zumindest die erste Widerstandsheizung mit der vorgegebenen Versorgungsspannung betrieben. Im zweiten Schaltzustand werden die erste und die zweite Widerstandsheizung elektrisch in Serie geschaltet und die so entstehende Serieschaltung wird mit der Versorgungsspannung betrieben. Dadurch wird erreicht, dass die Heizvorrichtung im zweiten Schaltzustand weniger Leistung aufnehmen kann als im ersten, was es auch bei geringer erforderlicher Heizleistung erlaubt, die Heizvorrichtung mit relativ langen Taktpulsen zu betreiben, ohne dass die oben erwähnten Probleme auftreten.This object is achieved by the household appliance according to claim 1. Accordingly, the heating device has at least one first and one second resistance heater. The resistance heaters are operated via a switching device which has at least two switching states. In the first switching state, at least the first resistance heater is operated with the predetermined supply voltage. In the second switching state, the first and the second resistance heater are electrically connected in series and the resulting series circuit is operated with the supply voltage. This ensures that the heater can absorb less power in the second switching state than in the first, which also allows for low heating power required to operate the heater with relatively long clock pulses without the above-mentioned problems occur.

Die Widerstandsheizungen können physikalisch in einem gemeinsamen Bauteil integriert sein, sie können jedoch auch als separate Bauteile ausgestaltet werden.The resistance heaters can be physically integrated in a common component, but they can also be designed as separate components.

Die anspruchsgemässe Lösung vereint also den getakteten Betrieb - der an sich bereits in der Lage wäre, die Leistung der Heizvorrichtung zu variieren, mit einer Variation des Innenwiderstands der Heizvorrichtung. Durch diese, an sich auf den ersten Blick redundanten Massnahmen, wird es möglich, den getakteten Betrieb mit einfachen Schaltkomponenten, wie z.B. Relais, über einen sehr weiten Leistungsbereich und ohne komplexe Ansteuerung oder Abgleich sicherzustellen.The claimed solution thus combines the clocked operation - which in itself would already be able to vary the performance of the heater, with a variation of the internal resistance of the heater. By this, at first glance redundant measures, it becomes possible to use the clocked operation with simple switching components, such as. Relays, over a very wide power range and without complex control or adjustment to ensure.

Die Widerstandsheizungen können sowohl im ersten als auch im zweiten Schaltzustand der Schaltvorrichtung getaktet betrieben werden. Die Taktung, d.h. das Ein- und Ausschalten der Widerstandsheizungen zum erzeugen der gewünschten, mittleren Leistung, wird durch betätigen der Schalter der Schaltvorrichtung erzeugt - denkbar ist es jedoch auch, der Schaltvorrichtung separate Taktschalter vor- oder nachzuschalten, um die Taktung durchzuführen.The resistance heaters can be operated clocked both in the first and in the second switching state of the switching device. The timing, ie the switching on and off of the resistance heaters to produce the desired average power is generated by pressing the switch of the switching device - it is conceivable, however, the switching device separate Toggle the clock switch to perform the clocking.

Die vorliegende Erfindung eignet sich besonders für Haushaltgeräte, bei welchen das Wasser mit unterschiedlichen Geschwindigkeiten durch die Heizvorrichtung geführt wird, wie z.B. für einen Geschirrspüler der eingangs genannten Art.The present invention is particularly suitable for household appliances in which the water is passed through the heater at different rates, e.g. for a dishwasher of the type mentioned.

Weitere bevorzugte Ausführungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den abhängigen Ansprüchen sowie aus der nun folgenden Beschreibung anhand der Figur. Diese zeigt ein vereinfachtes Schaltdiagramm einer Ausführung der Erfindung.Further preferred embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims and from the following description with reference to FIG. This shows a simplified circuit diagram of an embodiment of the invention.

Bei dem in Fig. 1 gezeigten Gerät handelt es sich z.B. um einen Geschirrspüler der in EP 1 738 677 beschriebenen Art, wobei lediglich die Steuerung 1 des Geräts, die Pumpe 2 zum Umpumpen des Wassers vom Sumpf in die Sprüharme, eine Heizvorrichtung in Form eines Durchlauf-Erhitzers 3 sowie eine Schaltvorrichtung 4 dargestellt sind.At the in Fig. 1 shown device is, for example, a dishwasher of in EP 1 738 677 described type, wherein only the controller 1 of the device, the pump 2 for pumping the water from the sump into the spray arms, a heater in the form of a continuous heater 3 and a switching device 4 are shown.

Der Durchlauf-Erhitzer 3 ist am Wasserkreislauf vor, nach oder bei der Pumpe 2 angeordnet und dient dazu, das darin fliessende Wasser zu erhitzen. Er besteht aus mindestens zwei Widerstandsheizungen 5, 6, deren Anschlüsse mit der Schaltvorrichtung 4 verbunden sind.The flow heater 3 is arranged on the water circuit before, after or at the pump 2 and serves to heat the water flowing therein. It consists of at least two resistance heaters 5, 6, whose terminals are connected to the switching device 4.

Die Schaltvorrichtung 4 dient dazu, die Widerstandsheizungen 5, 6 über Schalter (insbesondere Relais-Schalter) S0, S1 und S2 mit einem Neutralleiter N, einer ersten Phase L1 und/oder (optional) einer zweiten Phase L2 des Wechselstrom-Versorgungsnetzes zu verbinden.The switching device 4 serves to connect the resistance heaters 5, 6 via switches (in particular relay switches) S0, S1 and S2 to a neutral conductor N, a first phase L1 and / or (optionally) a second phase L2 of the alternating current supply network.

Der Schalter S0, Neutralleiter-Schalter genannt, ist ein Umschalter. Er ist auf der ersten Seite mit dem Neutralleiter N verbunden. Auf der zweiten Seite ist er entweder mit je einem Anschluss beider Widerstandsheizungen 5, 6 verbunden, oder mit einem der Zweiganschlüsse des Schalters S2.The switch S0, called neutral switch, is a changeover switch. He is connected to the neutral N on the first page. On the second side, it is either connected to one respective connection of both resistance heaters 5, 6, or to one of the branch connections of the switch S2.

Der Schalter S1, Taktschalter genannt, ist ebenfalls ein Ein-/Ausschalter. Auf der ersten Seite ist er mit der ersten Phase L1 und auf der anderen Seite mit dem zweiten Anschluss der ersten Widerstandsheizung 5 verbunden.The switch S1, called the tact switch, is also an on / off switch. On the first page is it is connected to the first phase L1 and on the other side to the second terminal of the first resistance heater 5.

Der Schalter S2 ist ein Umschalter, welcher einen Stammanschluss wahlweise mit einem ersten und einem zweiten Zweiganschluss verbindet. Der Stammanschluss ist mit dem zweiten Anschluss der zweiten Widerstandsheizung 6 verbunden. Der erste Zweiganschluss ist mit der zweiten Phase L2 verbunden. Der zweite Zweiganschluss kann über den Schalter S0 mit dem Neutralleiter verbunden werden. Somit kann der zweite Anschluss der zweiten Widerstandsheizung wahlweise mit dem Neutralleiter N (falls Schalter S0 sich in der in Fig. 1 unteren Stellung befindet) und der zweiten Phase L2 verbunden werden. Ist ein Betrieb des Geräts ohne zweite Phase vorgesehen, so kann der Umschalter S2 durch eine Brücke ersetzt werden, welche den zweiten Anschluss der Widerstandsheizung 6 permanent mit dem Neutralleiter verbindet.The switch S2 is a change-over switch which selectively connects a trunk connection to a first and a second branch connection. The trunk terminal is connected to the second terminal of the second resistance heater 6. The first branch terminal is connected to the second phase L2. The second branch connection can be connected to the neutral conductor via the switch S0. Thus, the second terminal of the second resistance heater can optionally be connected to the neutral conductor N (if switch S0 is in the in Fig. 1 lower position) and the second phase L2 are connected. If an operation of the device is provided without a second phase, then the switch S2 can be replaced by a bridge which permanently connects the second terminal of the resistance heater 6 to the neutral conductor.

Die Steuerung 1 steuert den Betrieb des Geräts entsprechend einem vom Benutzer vorgegebenen Programm sowie abhängig von Zustandsparametern des Geräts. Hierzu ist die Steuerung 1 mit entsprechenden Sensoren, insbesondere mit einem Temperatursensor 8 zur Messung der Wassertemperatur nach oder am Durchlauf-Erhitzer 3, verbunden.The controller 1 controls the operation of the apparatus according to a program specified by the user as well as the condition parameters of the apparatus. For this purpose, the controller 1 with corresponding sensors, in particular with a temperature sensor 8 for measuring the water temperature to or at the flow heater 3, respectively.

Die Schaltvorrichtung 4 wird von der Steuerung 1 in zwei verschiedenen Schaltzuständen betrieben:The switching device 4 is operated by the controller 1 in two different switching states:

Erster Schaltzustand:First switching state:

Im ersten Schaltzustand ist der Neutralleiter-Schalter S0 in der in Fig. 1 oberen Stellung und verbindet die ersten Anschlüsse der Widerstandsheizungen 5, 6 mit dem Neutralleiter N. Der Taktschalter S1 wird ein- und ausgeschaltet um die erste Widerstandsheizung 5 getaktet zu betreiben. Der Umschalter S2 wird (bei Betrieb des Geräts mit zwei Phasen) zwischen seinen beiden Positionen umgeschaltet um die zweite Widerstandsheizung 6 getaktet zu betreiben. In seiner in Fig. 1 oberen Stellung fliesst kein Strom durch die Widerstandsheizung, in der unteren Stellung schon.In the first switching state, the neutral switch S0 in the in Fig. 1 upper position and connects the first terminals of the resistance heaters 5, 6 with the neutral conductor N. The clock switch S1 is turned on and off to operate the first resistance heater 5 clocked. The switch S2 is switched (when the device with two phases) between its two positions to the second resistance heater. 6 clocked to operate. In his in Fig. 1 In the upper position no current flows through the resistance heating, in the lower position already.

In diesem Schaltzustand wird die erste Widerstandsheizung 5 also zwischen dem Neutralleiter N und der ersten Phase L1 mit z.B. 230 V betrieben. Ihre Leistungsaufnahme wird von der Steuerung 1 durch Ein- und Ausschalten des Taktschalters S1 gesteuert. Sie kann, falls Taktschalter S1 permanent eingeschaltet ist, eine maximale Leistung von z.B. 2 kW beziehen.In this switching state, the first resistance heater 5 is thus connected between the neutral conductor N and the first phase L1 with e.g. 230 V operated. Their power consumption is controlled by the controller 1 by turning on and off the clock switch S1. It can, if clock switch S1 is permanently turned on, provide maximum power of e.g. 2 kW.

Die zweite Widerstandsheizung 6 wird im ersten Schaltzustand zwischen dem Neutralleiter N und der zweiten Phase L2 z.B. mit ebenfalls 230 V betrieben. Ihre Leistungsaufnahme wird, falls das Gerät mit zwei Phasen betrieben wird, von der Steuerung 1 durch Umschalten des Umschalters S2 gesteuert. Die zweite Widerstandsheizung 6 kann, falls Umschalter S2 sich permanent in der in Fig. 1 unteren Stellung befindet, eine maximale Leistung von z.B. 1.3 kW beziehen. Wird die zweite Phase L2 nicht verwendet, so kann die zweite Widerstandsheizung im ersten Schaltzustand nicht unter Spannung gesetzt werden.The second resistance heater 6 is operated in the first switching state between the neutral conductor N and the second phase L2, for example, also with 230 V. Your power consumption, if the device is operated with two phases, controlled by the controller 1 by switching the switch S2. The second resistance heater 6, if switch S2 is permanently in the in Fig. 1 lower position, refer to a maximum power of eg 1.3 kW. If the second phase L2 is not used, the second resistance heater can not be energized in the first switching state.

Im ersten Schaltzustand kann der Durchlauf-Erhitzer also eine maximale Leistung von rund 3.3 kW im Zweiphasenbetrieb bzw. 2 kW im Einphasenbetrieb beziehen.Thus, in the first switching state, the continuous-flow heater can draw a maximum power of approximately 3.3 kW in two-phase operation or 2 kW in single-phase operation.

Zweiter Schaltzustand:Second switching state:

Im zweiten Schaltzustand befindet sich der Neutralleiter-Schalter S0 in der unteren Stellung, d.h. die ersten Anschlüsse der beiden Widerstandsheizungen sind nicht auf Neutralleiter-Potenzial. Der Umschalter S2 befindet sich permanent in der in Fig. 1 oberen Stellung, in welcher er den zweiten Anschluss der zweiten Widerstandsheizung 6 über den Schalter S0 mit dem Neutralleiter verbindet. Der Taktschalter S1 ist entweder dauernd eingeschaltet, falls ein Betrieb mit maximaler Leistung erwünscht ist, oder er wird ein- und ausgeschaltet, um beide Widerstandsheizungen 5, 6 getaktet zu betreiben.In the second switching state, the neutral switch S0 is in the lower position, ie the first terminals of the two resistance heaters are not at neutral potential. The switch S2 is permanently in the in Fig. 1 upper position, in which it connects the second terminal of the second resistance heater 6 via the switch S0 to the neutral conductor. The clock switch S1 is either permanently on, if maximum power operation is desired, or it is turned on and off to operate both resistive heaters 5, 6 in a clocked manner.

Somit sind in diesem Schaltzustand die erste und die zweite Widerstandsheizung elektrisch in Serie zwischen dem Neutralleiter N und der ersten Phase L1 angeordnet. Die Versorgungsspannung von z.B. 230 V liegt also über der gesamten Serieschaltung der beiden Widerstandsheizungen, so dass über jeder einzelnen Widerstandsheizung eine geringe Spannung abfällt. Die von den Widerstandsheizungen bezogene mittlere Leistung kann durch Ein- und Ausschalten des Taktschalters S1 von der Steuerung gemäss den jeweiligen Anforderungen angepasst werden.Thus, in this switching state, the first and second resistance heaters are electrically connected in series between the neutral conductor N and the first phase L1. The supply voltage of e.g. 230 V is therefore above the entire series connection of the two resistance heaters, so that drops over each resistor heating a low voltage. The average power drawn by the resistance heaters can be adjusted by switching the clock switch S1 on and off by the controller according to the respective requirements.

Die maximal vom Durchlauf-Erhitzer 3 bezogene Leistung beträgt im zweiten Schaltzustand z.B. 800 W.The maximum power received by the continuous heater 3 in the second switching state is e.g. 800 W.

Betrieb des Geräts:Operation of the device:

In einer vorteilhaften Ausführung kann das Gerät in einem Normalbetrieb mit einer ersten Pumpleistung und in einem Dampfbetrieb mit einer zweiten Pumpleistung betrieben werden. In beiden Betriebsarten wird das Wasser vom Durchlauf-Erhitzer 3 erwärmt, wobei die Steuerung 1 dessen Temperatur im oder nach dem Durchlauf-erhitzer überwacht und den Durchlauf-Erhitzer so getaktet betreibt, dass die gemessene Temperatur einer Solltemperatur entspricht. Die Steuerung 1 treibt die Pumpe so an, dass das Wasser im Normalbetrieb mit einer ersten Geschwindigkeit und im Dampfbetrieb mit einer zweiten Geschwindigkeit gepumpt wird, wobei die erste Geschwindigkeit grösser als die zweite Geschwindigkeit ist. Wie in EP 1 738 677 beschrieben, kann so erreicht werden, dass im Dampfbetrieb das Wasser nur aus dem unteren Sprüharm austritt und das Geschirr nicht beaufschlägt. Die beiden Geschwindigkeiten können sich z.B. um einen Faktor 10 oder mehr unterscheiden.In an advantageous embodiment, the device can be operated in a normal operation with a first pump power and in a steam operation with a second pump power. In both modes, the water is heated by the flow heater 3, wherein the controller 1 monitors its temperature in or after the flow-through heater and operates the flow heater clocked so that the measured temperature corresponds to a target temperature. The controller 1 drives the pump so that the water is pumped at a first speed in normal operation and at a second speed in steam operation, the first speed being greater than the second speed. As in EP 1 738 677 described, can be achieved so that in steam mode, the water exits only from the lower spray arm and does not act on the dishes. For example, the two speeds may differ by a factor of 10 or more.

Die Steuerung 1 ist so ausgestaltet, dass sie die Schaltvorrichtung beim Pumpen mit der ersten Geschwindigkeit in den oben beschriebenen ersten Schaltzustand versetzt, und beim Pumpen mit der zweiten Geschwindigkeit in den oben beschriebenen zweiten Schaltzustand. Dies trägt dem Umstand Rechnung, dass beim Pumpen mit der zweiten Geschwindigkeit eine wesentlich geringere Heizleistung benötigt wird.The controller 1 is configured to set the switching device at the first speed in the first switching state described above when pumping, and when pumping at the second speed in the second switching state described above. This takes into account the fact that when pumping at the second speed a much lower heating power is needed.

Durch diese Massnahme kann auch bei der geringeren zweiten Fördergeschwindigkeit ein Betrieb ohne Kochgeräusche und Verdampfungsprozesse im Durchlauferhitzer sichergestellt werden. Der Taktschalter S1 muss beim Aufheizen gar nicht und nach Erreichen der Solltemperatur nur selten geschaltet werden, wenn die Leistungsaufnahme der Serieschaltung der beiden Heizungswiderstände geeignet gewählt wird. Die Heizungswiderstände werden aufgrund der kleinen Leistung auch bei tiefen Drehzahlen der Pumpe 2 optimal gekühlt und es entsteht keine Überhitzung der Heizwendel, welcher die Lebensdauer reduzieren könnte.By this measure, even at the lower second conveying speed, an operation without cooking noise and evaporation processes in the water heater can be ensured. The clock switch S1 does not have to be switched at all during heating up and only rarely after the setpoint temperature has been reached, if the power consumption of the series connection of the two heater resistors is suitably selected. The heater resistors are optimally cooled even at low speeds of the pump 2 due to the low power and there is no overheating of the heating coil, which could reduce the life.

Ein weiterer Vorteil dieser Schaltungsart besteht darin, dass die 800W-Dampfheizung auch bei nicht angeschlossener Phase L2 zur Verfügung steht und diese Funktion somit in allen Geräten unabhängig von der Zahl der Phasen angeboten werden kann. Dies wäre nicht der Fall, wenn für das Heizen bei langsamer Pumpgeschwindigkeit der zweite Heizwiderstand alleine verwendet würde.Another advantage of this type of circuit is that the 800W steam heating is also available when phase L2 is not connected, so that this function can be offered in all devices regardless of the number of phases. This would not be the case if the second heating resistor were used alone for heating at slow pumping speed.

Die hier beschriebene Technik ist auch für andere Wasser führenden Haushaltgeräte nützlich, bei denen dem Wasser eine Heizleistung aus einem relativ weit gefassten Leistungsbereich zugeführt werden muss.The technique described herein is also useful for other water-bearing domestic appliances where heat must be supplied to the water from a relatively wide power range.

Zum Umschalten zwischen dem ersten und dem zweiten Schaltzustand wird zuerst der Schalter S2 in die in Fig. 1 obere Stellung gebracht, so lange dessen oberer Zweiganschluss noch hochohmig ist (d.h. so lange sich der Schalter S0 noch in der oberen Stellung befindet). Auf diese Weise kann ein Lichtbogen zwischen den beiden Zweiganschlüssen des Schalters S2 auch bei nicht speziell gesicherten Schaltern vermieden werden. Erst wenn der Schalter S2 sicher in der oberen Stellung ist, wird der Schalter S0 umgeschaltet.To switch between the first and the second switching state, the switch S2 is first in the in Fig. 1 Upper position brought as long as the upper branch connection is still high impedance (ie, as long as the switch S0 is still in the upper position). In this way, an arc between the two branch connections of the switch S2 can be avoided even when not specially secured switches. Only when the switch S2 is safely in the upper position, the switch S0 is switched.

Falls ein Schalter S2 verwendet wird, bei welchem die Gefahr eines Lichtbogens zwischen den Zweiganschlüssen nicht besteht, kann dessen oberer Zweiganschluss auch direkt mit dem Neutralleiter verbunden und Schalter S0 als einfacher Ein-/Ausschalter ausgestaltet werden.If a switch S2 is used in which the danger of an arc between the branch connections does not exist, its upper branch connection can also be connected directly to the neutral conductor and switches S0 can be configured as a simple on / off switch.

Die Heizvorrichtung in der obigen Beschreibung ist als Durchlauf-Erhitzer ausgestaltet. Denkbar ist es jedoch auch, z.B. mindestens einen Teil der Heizvorrichtung beim Sumpf des Bottichs anzuordnen, wo sie das dort stehende Wasser erhitzt.The heater in the above description is configured as a continuous heater. However, it is also conceivable, e.g. To arrange at least a portion of the heater at the bottom of the tub where it heats the water standing there.

Claims (11)

Haushaltgerät, insbesondere Geschirrspüler, mit einer Heizvorrichtung (3) für Wasser und mit einer getakteten Ansteuerung (1, 4) für die Heizvorrichtung (3) zum Betrieb der Heizvorrichtung (3) bei unterschiedlichen Leistungen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Heizvorrichtung (3) mindestens eine erste und eine zweite Widerstandsheizung (5, 6) aufweist, und dass weiter eine Schaltvorrichtung (4) mit zwei Schaltzuständen vorgesehen ist, wobei in einem ersten Schaltzustand mindestens die erste Widerstandsheizung (5) mit einer vorgegebenen Versorgungsspannung betreibbar ist und wobei in einem zweiten Schaltzustand die erste und die zweite Widerstandsheizung (6) elektrisch in Serie mit der vorgegebenen Versorgungsspannung betreibbar sind.Domestic appliance, in particular a dishwasher, with a heating device (3) for water and with a clocked control (1, 4) for the heating device (3) for operating the heating device (3) at different powers, characterized in that the heating device (3) at least a first and a second resistance heating (5, 6), and in that a switching device (4) is provided with two switching states, wherein in a first switching state, at least the first resistance heater (5) with a predetermined supply voltage is operable and wherein in a second Switching state, the first and the second resistance heater (6) are electrically operable in series with the predetermined supply voltage. Haushaltgerät nach Anspruch 1, wobei im ersten Schaltzustand die erste Widerstandsheizung (5) zwischen Neutralleiter (N) und einer ersten Phase (L1) angeordnet ist und im zweiten Schaltzustand die erste und die zweite Widerstandsheizung (6) elektrisch in Serie zwischen dem Neutralleiter (N) und der ersten Phase (L1) angeordnet sind.Domestic appliance according to claim 1, wherein in the first switching state, the first resistance heater (5) between the neutral conductor (N) and a first phase (L1) is arranged and in the second switching state, the first and the second resistance heater (6) electrically in series between the neutral conductor (N ) and the first phase (L1) are arranged. Haushaltgerät nach Anspruch 2, wobei die Schaltvorrichtung (4) einen Neutralleiter-Schalter S0 aufweist, und wobei die erste und die zweite Widerstandsheizung (5, 6) gemeinsam über einen Neutralleiter - Schalter mit dem Neutralleiter (N) verbunden sind.Domestic appliance according to claim 2, wherein the switching device (4) comprises a neutral switch S0, and wherein the first and the second resistance heater (5, 6) are connected together via a neutral switch to the neutral conductor (N). Haushaltgerät nach einem der Ansprüche 2 oder 3, wobei im ersten Schaltzustand die zweite Widerstandsheizung (6) über einen Umschalter S2 zwischen dem Neutralleiter (N) und einer zweiten Phase (L2) angeordnet ist.Domestic appliance according to one of claims 2 or 3, wherein in the first switching state, the second resistance heater (6) via a switch S2 between the neutral conductor (N) and a second phase (L2) is arranged. Haushaltgerät nach Anspruch 4, wobei mit dem Umschalter S2 die zweite Widerstandsheizung (6) wahlweise mit dem Neutralleiter (N) und der zweiten Phase (L2) verbindbar ist.Domestic appliance according to claim 4, wherein with the switch S2, the second resistance heater (6) is selectively connectable to the neutral conductor (N) and the second phase (L2). Haushaltgerät nach den Ansprüchen 3 und 5, wobei der Neutralleiter-Schalter S0 ein Umschalter ist, welcher den Neutralleiter (N) wahlweise mit gemeinsamen Anschlüssen der ersten und der zweiten Widerstandheizung (5, 6) oder dem Umschalter S2 verbindet.Domestic appliance according to claims 3 and 5, wherein the neutral switch S0 is a changeover switch which connects the neutral conductor (N) optionally to common terminals of the first and the second resistance heater (5, 6) or the switch S2. Haushaltgerät nach einem der Ansprüche 2 oder 3, wobei im ersten Schaltzustand die zweite Widerstandsheizung (6) nicht unter Spannung setzbar ist.Domestic appliance according to one of claims 2 or 3, wherein in the first switching state, the second resistance heater (6) can not be placed under tension. Haushaltgerät nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 6, wobei zwischen der ersten Widerstandsheizung (5) und dem Neutralleiter (N) ein Taktschalter (S1) angeordnet ist, mit welchem die erste Widerstandsheizung (5) mit der ersten Phase (L1) verbindbar ist, und wobei das Haushaltgerät dazu ausgestaltet ist, die Heizvorrichtung (3) im ersten und im zweiten Schaltzustand durch Ein- und Ausschalten des Taktschalters (S1) zu takten.Domestic appliance according to one of claims 2 to 6, wherein between the first resistance heater (5) and the neutral conductor (N), a clock switch (S1) is arranged, with which the first resistance heater (5) to the first phase (L1) is connectable, and wherein the household appliance is configured to clock the heating device (3) in the first and in the second switching state by switching the clock switch (S1) on and off. Haushaltgerät nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche mit einer Pumpe (2) zum Pumpen des Wassers und mit einer Steuerung (1) zum Steuern der Pumpe (2) und der Schaltvorrichtung (4), wobei die Steuerung (1) ausgestaltet ist, das Wasser mindestens mit einer ersten und einer zweiten Geschwindigkeit zu pumpen, wobei die erste Geschwindigkeit grösser als die zweite Geschwindigkeit ist, und wobei die Steuerung (1) weiter dazu ausgestaltet ist, die Schaltvorrichtung (4) beim Pumpen mit der ersten Geschwindigkeit in den ersten Schaltzustand und beim Pumpen mit der zweiten Geschwindigkeit in den zweiten Schaltzustand zu setzen.Domestic appliance according to one of the preceding claims with a pump (2) for pumping the water and with a controller (1) for controlling the pump (2) and the switching device (4), wherein the controller (1) is designed, the water at least a first and a second speed to pump, wherein the first speed is greater than the second speed, and wherein the controller (1) is further configured, the switching device (4) when pumping at the first speed in the first switching state and when pumping to be set to the second switching state at the second speed. Haushaltgerät nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Widerstandsheizungen (5, 6) im ersten und im zweiten Schaltzustand getaktet betrieben sind.Domestic appliance according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the resistance heaters (5, 6) are operated clocked in the first and in the second switching state. Haushaltgerät nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Heizvorrichtung (3) ein Durchlauf-Erhitzer ist.Domestic appliance according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the heating device (3) is a continuous heater.
EP08020495.1A 2007-12-27 2008-11-26 Household device, in particular dishwasher, with circulating, clocked heater Active EP2074922B1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL08020495T PL2074922T3 (en) 2007-12-27 2008-11-26 Household device, in particular dishwasher, with circulating, clocked heater
SI200831960T SI2074922T1 (en) 2007-12-27 2008-11-26 Household device, in particular dishwasher, with circulating, clocked heater

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200720018050 DE202007018050U1 (en) 2007-12-27 2007-12-27 Domestic appliance, in particular dishwasher, with clocked continuous heater

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EP2074922A2 true EP2074922A2 (en) 2009-07-01
EP2074922A3 EP2074922A3 (en) 2012-03-28
EP2074922B1 EP2074922B1 (en) 2018-03-14

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EP (1) EP2074922B1 (en)
DE (1) DE202007018050U1 (en)
DK (1) DK2074922T3 (en)
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SI (1) SI2074922T1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3095372B1 (en) 2015-05-21 2017-09-27 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Dish washer with efficient heating system

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102013102465A1 (en) * 2013-03-12 2014-09-18 Refusol Gmbh heater
EP3733039B1 (en) * 2019-05-02 2022-01-26 Bonferraro S.p.A. Industrial dishwasher with variable water heating system

Citations (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1738677A2 (en) 2006-06-23 2007-01-03 V-Zug AG Dishwasher with steam generator and method of its operation

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3049133A (en) * 1959-08-31 1962-08-14 Gen Motors Corp Dishwasher
US3440399A (en) * 1966-01-12 1969-04-22 Westinghouse Electric Corp Domestic dishwasher and control
EP0022879B1 (en) * 1979-07-18 1984-02-22 Elpag Ag Chur Dish washer

Patent Citations (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1738677A2 (en) 2006-06-23 2007-01-03 V-Zug AG Dishwasher with steam generator and method of its operation

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3095372B1 (en) 2015-05-21 2017-09-27 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Dish washer with efficient heating system

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DE202007018050U1 (en) 2008-03-20
PL2074922T3 (en) 2018-10-31
EP2074922A3 (en) 2012-03-28
EP2074922B1 (en) 2018-03-14
SI2074922T1 (en) 2018-07-31
DK2074922T3 (en) 2018-05-22

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