EP2054217A1 - Dispositif et procédé de traitement de thermodurcissables - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé de traitement de thermodurcissables

Info

Publication number
EP2054217A1
EP2054217A1 EP07787710A EP07787710A EP2054217A1 EP 2054217 A1 EP2054217 A1 EP 2054217A1 EP 07787710 A EP07787710 A EP 07787710A EP 07787710 A EP07787710 A EP 07787710A EP 2054217 A1 EP2054217 A1 EP 2054217A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
extruder
tool
crosslinking
temperature
cylinder
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07787710A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Rainer Zimmet
Josef Renkl
Ernst Berchtenbreiter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
KraussMaffei Technologies GmbH
Original Assignee
KraussMaffei Technologies GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by KraussMaffei Technologies GmbH filed Critical KraussMaffei Technologies GmbH
Priority to EP10160465A priority Critical patent/EP2213444A3/fr
Publication of EP2054217A1 publication Critical patent/EP2054217A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/18—Feeding the material into the injection moulding apparatus, i.e. feeding the non-plastified material into the injection unit
    • B29C45/1816—Feeding auxiliary material, e.g. colouring material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
    • B29C44/34—Auxiliary operations
    • B29C44/3442—Mixing, kneading or conveying the foamable material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/022—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/285—Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder
    • B29C48/29—Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder in liquid form
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/365—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using pumps, e.g. piston pumps
    • B29C48/37—Gear pumps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/375—Plasticisers, homogenisers or feeders comprising two or more stages
    • B29C48/387—Plasticisers, homogenisers or feeders comprising two or more stages using a screw extruder and a gear pump
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/375—Plasticisers, homogenisers or feeders comprising two or more stages
    • B29C48/388—Plasticisers, homogenisers or feeders comprising two or more stages using a screw extruder and a ram or piston
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/78—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling
    • B29C48/80—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling at the plasticising zone, e.g. by heating cylinders
    • B29C48/83—Heating or cooling the cylinders
    • B29C48/832—Heating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C67/00—Shaping techniques not covered by groups B29C39/00 - B29C65/00, B29C70/00 or B29C73/00
    • B29C67/24—Shaping techniques not covered by groups B29C39/00 - B29C65/00, B29C70/00 or B29C73/00 characterised by the choice of material
    • B29C67/246—Moulding high reactive monomers or prepolymers, e.g. by reaction injection moulding [RIM], liquid injection moulding [LIM]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/46—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it into the mould
    • B29C45/53—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it into the mould using injection ram or piston
    • B29C45/54—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it into the mould using injection ram or piston and plasticising screw
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/05—Filamentary, e.g. strands
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels
    • B29C48/08—Flat, e.g. panels flexible, e.g. films
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/09—Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/285—Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder
    • B29C48/297—Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder at several locations, e.g. using several hoppers or using a separate additive feeding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/78—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling
    • B29C48/80—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling at the plasticising zone, e.g. by heating cylinders
    • B29C48/83—Heating or cooling the cylinders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2075/00—Use of PU, i.e. polyureas or polyurethanes or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/0005—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing compounding ingredients
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/24—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped crosslinked or vulcanised
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2301/00—Use of unspecified macromolecular compounds as reinforcement
    • B29K2301/10—Thermosetting resins

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for processing thermosets according to the preambles of claims 1 and 16, respectively.
  • Duroplast is generally understood to mean thermally irreversible (covalently) crosslinking macromolecules having an amorphous structure and a high crosslinking density.
  • a thermo-elastic softening is different depending on the level of intermolecular forces and crosslinking density. In very close networking, it is without practical significance.
  • thermosets change from the hard state to the region of thermal decomposition with increasing temperature, without softening so much that reshaping would be possible.
  • thermosets are insoluble, but depending on the network more or less swellable in suitable media. A subset of the thermosets forms the thermoset Pulyurethan.
  • Crosslinking and reactive systems in which two different components (component A and component B) are brought together, which bring about the crosslinking or reaction, are also understood to mean thermosetting and reactive systems for the present invention.
  • component A and component B thermosetting and reactive systems for the present invention.
  • phenolic resin, polyester resin, epoxy resin, melamine resin or reactive components such as peroxide can be mentioned as material components for the processing.
  • the one or the other component may also be present in solid form.
  • thermosetting polyurethane two reactive starting components, namely a polyol component and an isocyanate component are mixed together, which mixed together give a reaction mixture.
  • This reaction mixture is introduced after mixing in a mold of a mold and reacts there chemically.
  • This process is often referred to as a foaming process, which is to distinguish between a compact polyurethane and a foamed polyurethane.
  • the reaction process is irreversible and thus unlike the processing of thermoplastics irreversible.
  • Once reacted with each other polyol and isocyanate components can not be separated again, at least mechanically, so that recycling into a new polyurethane processing per se is not possible. It is only possible to finely chop the corresponding products (eg, mill them) and add them as blending products to other components.
  • the mixing of the polyol and isocyanate components in a mixing head in which the two components are supplied via nozzles of a mixing chamber and mixed there with each other.
  • the reaction mixture thus prepared can then be discharged into the cavity of a mold.
  • the cavity When introduced into an open mold, the cavity is initially opened upon introduction of the reactive mixture and the reaction mixture is applied to a cavity surface. After the introduction or application of the reactive mixture, the cavity is closed, possibly the tool is heated to accelerate the reaction and carried out the curing.
  • the cavity When introduced into a closed mold, the cavity is already closed before the reaction mixture is filled to the level corresponding to the product, and it is filled into a cavity space which is at least substantially closed to the outside environment.
  • a special type of polyurethane processing is characterized in that Guoder or fibrous materials for changing the physical properties, in particular the mechanical properties, the components are supplied.
  • short fibers in the range of up to 0.2 mm of a component may be added before this component is brought together with the other reactive component.
  • It is also known to produce a reaction mixture with long fibers in which first the reaction mixture itself is prepared from the polyol and the isocyanate component in a mixing chamber and the cut long fiber is then introduced into the reaction mixture at the outlet of the mixing chamber. This process is known to the Applicant for example under the trademark "LFI-PUR".
  • the problem with the use of fillers, in particular of long fibers is the currently exclusive possibility of introduction into an open mold. When introducing into a closed mold there is a risk of clogging of the nozzles and components by means of the fillers.
  • an extruder device is usually used in a wide variety of embodiments in the processing of thermoplastic material.
  • the extruder device in which at least one screw in a cylinder is rotatably (and possibly also axially displaceable) is added, the introduction of shearing energy in the starting material, which - possibly together with an external energy input for melting the usually in granular, powder or chipform present starting material leads.
  • thermoset polyurethane in particular of thermoset polyurethane has hitherto been neither known nor desired. This is also because at a stop of the extruder device networking (curing) of the reaction mixture was to be feared in the extruder, which could have led to the inoperability of the entire system.
  • thermosets according to the above-mentioned understanding, in which two reactive or crosslinking components are mixed together, in particular of thermosetting polyurethane, together with fillers (eg long fibers) and additives and in particular the introduction of such a reactive mixture in a closed tool without malfunctions.
  • thermoset polyurethane a Extruder device comprising at least one extruder screw and an extruder barrel is used. At least one of the components necessary for later crosslinking, in particular the reactive component of the thermosetting plastic, is supplied to the extruder device via a filling opening. Fillers of any type or additives of any composition and form can be admixed via the same or further filling openings, whereby the production of a homogeneously mixable material component or of a corresponding reaction mixture can be carried out by rotation of the at least one extruder screw in the extruder barrel.
  • the isocyanate and also polyol components-either already mixed or still to be mixed- can be supplied to the extruder device via the same feed opening .
  • the two reactive components can also be supplied via different filling openings of the extruder device.
  • all imaginable materials such as fillers (chalk, lime, wood, recycled material, glass fibers, natural fibers, etc.) and also additives can be admixed without there being any obstruction problems. Moreover, in this way pressures can be built up, which allow an introduction into a closed tool.
  • the material is conveyed via the extruder device discontinuously or continuously from the filling area or from the filling openings in the direction of the extruder exit and discharged there.
  • a molding tool similar to an injection molding tool.
  • the supply can - as in the injection molding - by a tool half or in a Parting line done.
  • a profile tool through which the material is passed (for example, flat nozzle, profile tool, round die, etc.) and as it is known from the extruder technology to use.
  • the tempering range differs considerably during processing compared to the processing of thermoplastic material.
  • water or another foaming material is to be mentioned.
  • a foaming process can be started during the crosslinking or reaction in the mold, which leads to a foamed product (compared to a compact product).
  • the use of a co-rotating twin-screw extruder for the extruder since not only a high throughput but also a good mixing can be achieved.
  • the metered addition of the reactive components to the extruder device can be carried out, for example, volumetrically or gravimetrically.
  • the tool should also be tempered.
  • the reaction process in particular be accelerated at temperatures above 60 0 C or from 75 ° C in a significant manner. If the temperature in the tool before, held over a substantial period of the injection process or during the injection process of the reaction mixture below such a material-dependent temperature threshold, so there is no significant Ausreagieren the material mixture. If the temperature is then raised above the initialization temperature of, for example, 75 ° C., a relatively rapid reaction takes place, with which very short reaction times and thus removal and cycle times can be realized. Of particular interest is the use of a highly dynamic temperature control (heating and / or cooling).
  • thermosetting polyurethane shows a schematic side view of a first embodiment of a processing device according to the invention for thermosetting polyurethane, wherein both reactive starting components are supplied via the same filling opening,
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic side view of a second embodiment of a processing device according to the invention, wherein the two reactive components are supplied via two different filling openings,
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic side view of a third embodiment of a processing device according to the invention, wherein a reactive component is fed to the extruder device via a filling opening and a further reactive component,
  • Figure 4 is a schematic side view of a fourth embodiment of a processing device according to the invention, wherein additionally a memory device is provided and
  • Figure 5 is a schematic side view of a fifth embodiment of a processing device according to the invention, wherein in addition to the memory device nor an injection device is provided.
  • FIG. 1 shows, in a highly simplified, schematic manner, a first embodiment of the present invention, which comprises an extruder device 10 as a central element.
  • the extruder device (short of the extruder) 10 is presently configured as a co-rotating twin-screw extruder with two extruder screws (not shown) and an extruder barrel surrounding the two extruder screws.
  • the extruder device 10 comprises a plurality of filling openings 12, 14 and 16, via which materials, as described later, can be supplied to the various process zones.
  • the two extruder screws are rotationally driven via a drive device 11, wherein this drive device comprises a rotary drive, for example in the form of an electric motor, and a transmission.
  • this drive device comprises a rotary drive, for example in the form of an electric motor, and a transmission.
  • the material processed in the extruder device 10 is delivered via an outlet 18 to an injection line 20, which connects the extruder 10 to an injection mold 22, which in the present case is also shown only schematically.
  • the extruder device can also be docked directly to the tool or designed dockable.
  • the supply of the reactive components to the extruder device should be different, which must be based on the rather low viscosity of a liquid.
  • the extruder device in the filling (in the case of thermoplastic material feed area) or in the formation of a connection for a supply device can be configured accordingly.
  • the worm should also be designed for processing the reactive components, whereby it should be taken into account that as little as possible of shearing energy is to be introduced into the reaction mixture.
  • the two reactive material components namely the isocyanate and the polyol component, together (reference numeral 24) of the filling opening 12 is supplied.
  • the two components are taken from different containers, conveyed via normal feed pumps and mixed together just before the filling opening or added separately to the filling opening.
  • fillers e.g., long glass fibers
  • additives e.g., catalysts
  • the screws provided in the extruder device 10 are designed for a good mixing of the reactive components and supplied materials, so that at the extruder outlet 18 a homogeneous reaction mixture with the fillers leaves the extruder 10.
  • This reactive material mixture is then fed to the closed mold of the mold 22 via a parting line, where it cures after being fed to a finished product.
  • cyclic or discontinuous operation of the extruder device 10 preferably makes sense, since the reaction mixture can only be filled into the cavity of the tool 22 when the tool is empty and closed. After the tool has been completely filled, the delivery should be stopped so that the product can cure in the tool before it is removed and a new cycle can be started. Theoretically, it is also possible to let the extruding device 10 continue to rotate when the supply of substances is switched off, if this does not damage the reaction mixture or the substances contained therein.
  • the extruder device 10 Due to the use of an extruder device for the introduction of a filler and long fibers can be used easily without clogging or clog any nozzles. Even with a suitable mode of operation, it is not necessary to fear hardening of the polyurethane mate neck in the extruder device itself.
  • the extruder device 10 should be tempered, in particular cooled, so that it proceeds process technology in a temperature range of for example below 60 0 C, in which the reaction of the reaction mixture is very slow going on.
  • the supply of one of the reactive components to the filling opening can be stopped so that no reaction mixture is left in the extruder apparatus itself.
  • the material contained in the extruder device does not harden, so that no fixing of the extruder screws in the extruder device has to be feared.
  • the extruder device can be rinsed with an additional flushing agent during a longer stop so that it is free of all the reactants.
  • the embodiment in FIG. 2 differs from that in FIG. 1 in that the two reactive components are no longer supplied via one and the same filling opening but via two different filling openings, namely the filling opening 12 and the filling opening Polyol component 24 'supplied via the filling opening 12 and the isocyanate component via the filling opening 26. Otherwise, the process device can be operated in the same way. Only the tool differs in the present case, wherein in Figure 1, a vertical tool in Figure 2, a horizontal tool 22 'is used. Also, in contrast to the embodiment of FIG. 1, the addition into the tool 22 'takes place through a tool half. However, this has no significance for the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 A further embodiment is shown in FIG. 3, wherein this embodiment differs in that the extruder device 10 is supplied with only a single reactive component, in the present case the polyol component 24 '.
  • the further reactive component in this case the isocyanate component 30, is only after the exit of the extruder device 10 via a separate mixing element 28th added and added to the mixture.
  • This mixing device may for example be a static mixer. Although in such a device, the reaction mixture is not produced well mixed even in the extruder device. However, fillers can be homogeneously mixed into a reactive component. In addition, upon restarting after a prolonged stop, the entire contents of the extruder need not be removed, this is required if both reactive components are supplied through one and the same fill port and the supply of a component is stopped before the device is shut down.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a further embodiment of the present invention in a schematic manner, whereby according to FIG. 1 the two reactive components are again supplied via the filling opening 12. However, a storage device 40 is now inserted between the extruder device 10 and the injection mold 22, and connected to the line 20.
  • the storage device 40 comprises a reciprocating storage piston 42, which defines a correspondingly large storage volume 44 depending on the movement.
  • the extruder device 10 can be operated continuously despite the discontinuous operation of the injection molding tool 22. Of course, this is a shut-off between the storage device 40 and the injection molding device 22 provide, which is not shown here.
  • the storage device 40 For the period in which no material is to be demanded in the mold, there is an intermediate storage of the material continuously produced in the extruder device 10 in the storage volume 44. If the reaction mixture is then injected into the cavity, then a simultaneous delivery from the extruder device 10 and the memory 40 via the injection line 20 into the cavity of the injection mold.
  • FIG. 5 A last embodiment is shown in FIG. 5, whereby this embodiment differs from the embodiment in FIG. 4 in that now a separate injection device for generating a high injection pressure is shown between the storage device 40 and the tool 22 '.
  • This injection device comprises a guided in a cylinder injection piston 52, by means of a drive device, not shown, corresponding to the arrow 56th can be acted upon with a certain pressure in Einspritzhchtung.
  • an injection volume 54 is defined.
  • the polyurethane mixture is buffered via the storage device 40 and fed discontinuously to the injector 50.
  • the injector 50 is adapted to introduce the reactive polyurethane mixture with a correspondingly high pressure in the injection mold.
  • the injection device 50 should be formed as possible without dead spaces in which the polyurethane mixture can settle and react. Rather, the injector should have a substantially vanishing piston 52 has a substantially vanishing storage space 54.
  • corresponding valves and shut-off units would have to be provided again in this embodiment, which, depending on the operation of the system, prevent backflow of the material either into the extruder device 10, the storage device 40, etc.
  • the device is suitable for processing added with fillers and / or additives polyurethane, especially if you set a mixing or shear temperature of not more than 75 ° C. In this case, pressures of up to 60 bar can be ensured with the extruder alone.
  • foaming of the polyurethane in the injection mold can be achieved by the supply of water to the extruder device 10. In this respect, you can adjust by switching on or off the water supply, whether foamed or not.
  • the present construction is suitable for realizing a high throughput, for this purpose, the extruder device only has to be rotated faster. Overall, it is conceivable that you can cover almost all applications in the polyurethane sector with only two extruder sizes.
  • a particular embodiment is characterized in that the tool, in particular the injection mold is highly dynamically tempered.
  • the advantage of such a tool is clear when you know that the reaction time can be shortened by leaps and bounds when (depending on the material) exceeds a certain temperature, for example 75 ° C.
  • a certain temperature for example 75 ° C.
  • This makes it possible to carry out processes in which the mixture formation of the reactive mixture takes place in the region below such an activation temperature at which the reaction mixture is also introduced into the mold. Only after the introduction of the reaction mixture into the tool, the temperature is increased abruptly above the aforementioned temperature value, so that the reacting takes place immediately and suddenly. So it is possible to shorten the heating time by means of the very new application of a heating of the tool by means of an electrically heatable ceramic material to a few seconds.
  • Such an electrically heatable ceramic material can be heated for example within 5 to 10 seconds from a temperature of 70 0 C to 125 0 C. In this way, today's usual cycle times of more than 1 minute could be reduced down to the range of a few seconds, which would lead to a considerable increase in productivity.
  • thermosets in which two mutually crosslinking or reacting components are mixed and to which also materials such as polyester with a hardener, silicone rubber with silane added and in particular also consisting of isocyanate and polyol polyurethane counting.

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé de traitement de thermodurcissables, en particulier de polyuréthane thermodurcissable, ainsi qu'un dispositif pour la mise en oevre d'un tel procédé. Le dispositif comprend un dispositif d'extrusion (10) avec un cylindre, dans lequel une vis extrudeuse est montée rotative, le cylindre présentant au moins une ouverture d'introduction (12, 14, 16) et une ouverture de sortie (18) et au moins une ouverture d'introduction (12) du cylindre étant prévue pour l'introduction de matière plastique dans le cylindre. Le dispositif comporte également un outil (22), dans lequel ou à travers lequel la matière issue du dispositif d'extrusion est introduite. Selon l'invention, le dispositif est caractérisé par le fait qu'au moins une ouverture d'introduction (12, 14, 16) sert à l'introduction d'au moins un composant réticulant ou réactif d'une matière thermodurcissable.
EP07787710A 2006-08-16 2007-07-19 Dispositif et procédé de traitement de thermodurcissables Withdrawn EP2054217A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10160465A EP2213444A3 (fr) 2006-08-16 2007-07-19 Appareil et procédé de trâitement de resines thermoducissantes

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102006038197A DE102006038197A1 (de) 2006-08-16 2006-08-16 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Verarbeitung von Duroplasten
PCT/EP2007/057452 WO2008019922A1 (fr) 2006-08-16 2007-07-19 Dispositif et procédé de traitement de thermodurcissables

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EP2054217A1 true EP2054217A1 (fr) 2009-05-06

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EP07787710A Withdrawn EP2054217A1 (fr) 2006-08-16 2007-07-19 Dispositif et procédé de traitement de thermodurcissables
EP10160465A Withdrawn EP2213444A3 (fr) 2006-08-16 2007-07-19 Appareil et procédé de trâitement de resines thermoducissantes

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CN (1) CN101484299A (fr)
DE (1) DE102006038197A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008019922A1 (fr)

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DE202008007304U1 (de) 2008-05-30 2008-08-07 Hunold Und Knoop Kunststofftechnik Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Verarbeitung von Kunststoffen
EP2127846B1 (fr) 2008-05-30 2015-05-20 Hunold + Knoop Kunststofftechnik GmbH Dispositif destiné au traitement de matières plastiques
CN102458791A (zh) * 2009-06-25 2012-05-16 赫斯基注塑系统有限公司 具有在熔料堆积开始之前被定位的熔料过滤器的注塑系统
DE202010006305U1 (de) 2010-04-30 2010-09-16 Kraussmaffei Technologies Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines Verbundwerkstoffes
AT512293B1 (de) 2012-05-25 2013-07-15 Engel Austria Gmbh Anordnung zur Herstellung von, insbesondere thermoplastischen, Kunststoffteilen
DE102015108086A1 (de) * 2015-05-21 2016-11-24 "Klöckner Desma Schuhmaschinen GmbH" Verfahren zur Herstellung von technischen Objekten
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EP2213444A3 (fr) 2010-09-08
WO2008019922A1 (fr) 2008-02-21
CN101484299A (zh) 2009-07-15
DE102006038197A1 (de) 2008-02-21
EP2213444A2 (fr) 2010-08-04

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