WO2015140239A1 - Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce moulée en matière plastique et pièce moulée en matière plastique - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce moulée en matière plastique et pièce moulée en matière plastique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015140239A1
WO2015140239A1 PCT/EP2015/055751 EP2015055751W WO2015140239A1 WO 2015140239 A1 WO2015140239 A1 WO 2015140239A1 EP 2015055751 W EP2015055751 W EP 2015055751W WO 2015140239 A1 WO2015140239 A1 WO 2015140239A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
reinforcing additives
molding compound
supplied
cavity
plastic injection
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2015/055751
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Holger Zang
Original Assignee
Autoliv Development Ab
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Autoliv Development Ab filed Critical Autoliv Development Ab
Publication of WO2015140239A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015140239A1/fr

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/18Feeding the material into the injection moulding apparatus, i.e. feeding the non-plastified material into the injection unit
    • B29C45/1816Feeding auxiliary material, e.g. colouring material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/0005Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor using fibre reinforcements
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/18Feeding the material into the injection moulding apparatus, i.e. feeding the non-plastified material into the injection unit
    • B29C45/1816Feeding auxiliary material, e.g. colouring material
    • B29C2045/185Feeding auxiliary material, e.g. colouring material controlling the amount of auxiliary material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60RVEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/02Occupant safety arrangements or fittings, e.g. crash pads
    • B60R21/16Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags
    • B60R21/20Arrangements for storing inflatable members in their non-use or deflated condition; Arrangement or mounting of air bag modules or components
    • B60R21/217Inflation fluid source retainers, e.g. reaction canisters; Connection of bags, covers, diffusers or inflation fluid sources therewith or together
    • B60R2021/2177Reaction canisters characterised by material
    • B60R2021/2178Plastic

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a plastic injection-molded part with an extruder, via which a molding compound is supplied on a mold having at least one cavity, wherein reinforcing additives are supplied to the molding compound during the plasticizing or after the plasticizing.
  • the invention also relates to a plastic injection molded part of a molding compound with reinforcing additives, which have been introduced into the cavity with the plasticized molding compound.
  • Plastic injection molding is a common method to produce workpieces of complex structure in high quantities cheap.
  • a molding compound is brought into a plasticized state by one or more extruders, which may or may not be heated. If the mold is filled, an extruder screw is usually moved via a hydraulic piston in the direction of the mold, so that the plasticized molding compound is introduced under high pressure into the cavity, which has the shape of the workpiece to be produced.
  • the molding compound cools in the cavity, the mold is opened and the usually finished workpiece is removed from the mold. If necessary, the sprue is still removed.
  • fillers are added to the molding compound, for example glass fibers, mineral components or the like. These fillers are usually supplied to the base material, formed into finished compounds in the form of pellets, fed to the extruder and plasticized therein.
  • the processing industry thus receives a ready-mixed starting material or compound for processing.
  • the individual components ie base material, possibly further fillers such as primer and fillers, homogeneously distributed.
  • glass fibers are fed to the injection molding machine at the end or in the course of the extruder screw. This makes it possible to adjust the length and amount of the supplied fibers and to avoid or reduce damage to the fibers during the plasticizing process within the screw, since the fibers are not mechanically deformed in the extruder screw. As a result, a loss of strength is avoided, and by using cheap base materials, a cost reduction can be achieved.
  • Airbag housings are often manufactured as plastic injection molded parts. Particularly in the area of the mounting flange or in the connection of the gas generator occur high mechanical and thermal loads. As a result, comparatively expensive components must be used in the manufacture of airbag housings.
  • Object of the present invention is to provide a method and a plastic injection molded part, which allows a cost-effective production of components while maintaining or improving the stability and possible weight reduction.
  • the method for producing a plastic injection-molded part with an extruder via which a molding compound is a molding tool having at least one cavitation
  • a molding compound is a molding tool having at least one cavitation
  • the reinforcing additives By varying the nature of the reinforcing additives, the amount of reinforcing additives or both the type and amount of the reinforcing additives supplied, it is possible to achieve a targeted partial reinforcement of areas of the plastic injection molded part, so that by the controlled time of supply or variation of the feed the reinforcing additives to the already plasticized molding compound, the reinforcing additives can be selectively brought to the respective location or area of the component to be manufactured.
  • thermoplastic material can be used as a molding compound or specifically targeted less reinforcing additives or other reinforcing additives must be introduced in the less-stressed areas, resulting in a reduction in manufacturing costs, without the reinforcing effect is adversely affected by the additives.
  • the reinforcing additives can be supplied adaptively or profile-controlled to the molding compound.
  • An adaptive supply of the boosting additives provides sensors that measure, for example, pressure, temperature or levels within the cavity. It is also possible for a change in the supply and / or type of the boosting additives to be controlled via a time control or a quantity control. Alternatively, regardless of the actual conditions within the cavity, a profile-controlled change in the supply of the reinforcing additives may be effected, for example by coupling the feed only to the displacement path of the extruder screw. Also, the type and / or amount of the supplied gain additives can be controlled controlled by a time-distance control of the molding material feed or the displacement of the extruder screw.
  • fibers may be supplied, for example, basalt fibers, carbon fibers, glass fibers, co-fibers or natural fibers. It is likewise possible for the reinforcing additives in spherical or powder form to be fed to the molding compound, with the reinforcing additives achieving an improvement in the thermal and / or mechanical properties of the molding compound.
  • the reinforcing additives are advantageously non-thermoplastic and thus do not melt upon supply to the plasticized molding material. The non-melting of the reinforcing additives is limited to the temperatures that usually occur in the injection molding of plastics.
  • fibers are used as reinforcing additives, their length, the amount supplied or also the type of fiber can be changed during the filling. It is also possible that a combination of the parameter change is made, ie that both the length and the quantity as well as the type are adaptively changed during the filling.
  • the fibers can be cut to the desired length in a mixing head in front of the cavity and added to the molding compound, so that it is possible to prepare the molding compound as needed just before it enters the cavity.
  • the fibers can be sheared during transport in the extruder, so that the length and possibly the amount of the fibers adjusts depending on the rotational speed of the extruder.
  • the fibers are fed along the screw to the extruder, for example through one or more openings in the extruder wall, so that the fibers are drawn into the extruder during the plasticization of the material by the screw and break by the exiting shear forces ,
  • the reinforcing additives are supplied to the cavity in a larger amount at the beginning of the filling. If reinforcement in the area of the sprue is desired, towards the end of the injection process an increased amount of kungsadditiven supplied so that in the vicinity of the sprue is a greater amount of it than in the front of the cavity supplied molding compound.
  • the reinforcing additives can be supplied separately or as a plastic reinforcing additive mixture, as well as other components can be supplied, for example, adhesion promoter.
  • a separate feed means that only the reinforcing additive or the reinforcing additives are supplied to the already plasticized molding compound. This results in particularly high precision in the metering, positioning and a high degree of flexibility with regard to the selection of the added reinforcing additives.
  • the reinforcing additive or the reinforcing additives can be supplied as a plastic reinforcing additive mixture, for example if plasticized molding compounds from two extruders are supplied to the cavity in a mixing head in a two-component injection molding process in the case of the plastic reinforcing additive mixture, either before, during or after the plasticizing process, the molding compound is supplied.
  • thermoplastic component Due to the plastic reinforcing additive mixture, it is possible to introduce a further thermoplastic component into the molding compound and thus into the cavity in order selectively to selectively achieve a material change and thus a higher or adapted load-bearing capacity of the workpiece.
  • a further development of the invention provides that a molding compound is supplied to the cavity at several points, so that a rapid and complete filling of the cavity can be achieved over a plurality of gates.
  • a molding compound is supplied to the cavity at several points, so that a rapid and complete filling of the cavity can be achieved over a plurality of gates.
  • the reinforcing additives may enter the cavity before the molding compound enters be supplied. This is particularly advantageous if the cavity is to be filled with only one type of molding compound.
  • a mixing is carried out within the cavity, for example when a molding compound without reinforcing additives is supplied over several sprues of a multi-component injection molding machine and molding compounds already provided with reinforcing additives via one or more other sprues, for example from a finished compound or through a Supplying the reinforcing additives are generated in a mixing head, are injected into the cavity, so that injected the reinforced molding compound in the current flow front of the un reinforced base material.
  • This results in a mixing of the additives provided and not provided with additives molding compounds is achieved within the cavity of the mold in those areas in which the molding compounds provided with reinforcing additives are injected.
  • the reinforcing additives may be added to the molding compound at multiple locations, thereby providing greater variability in both the nature of the reinforcing additives and the nature of the particular reinforcing additives.
  • fibers from different starting materials can be supplied according to the requirements of the molding compositions.
  • the plastic injection-molded part is designed as an airbag housing into which an airbag can be folded and optionally a gas generator can be mounted.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a plastic injection molding plant
  • Figure 2a is a plan view of an airbag housing
  • Figure 2b is a schematic sectional view of the airbag housing according to Figure 2a
  • FIG. 3a shows a variant of FIG. 2a; such as
  • FIG. 3a shows a variant of FIG. 2b.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of a plastic injection molding plant for producing a plastic injection molded part 10 with an extruder 20, in which at least one extruder screw 25 is arranged.
  • a molding compound 30 which is arranged in the illustrated embodiment as a plastic granules in a mass hopper, transported in the direction of a tool 40.
  • the screw 25 rotating inside the extruder 20 conveys the molding compound 30 from the hopper through the screw flights to the screw tip towards the tool 40.
  • Heaters may be arranged on the extruder 20 to plasticize the granules together with the friction within the extruder 20.
  • the tool 40 is closed and the molding compound 30 is pressed from an exit nozzle of the extruder 20 in a runner 41 of the tool 40 and from there into a cavity 45.
  • the plastic injection molded part 10 is formed, which can be removed after cooling within the tool 40 and after opening the tool 40.
  • a mixing device in the form of a mixing head 44 is arranged in the reinforcing additives 50, 55 of the already plasticized molding compound 30 are supplied.
  • the reinforcing additives 50, 55 and / or other filler, adhesion promoter or the like are added to the screw 25 at any desired point during the plasticizing, whereby corresponding accesses to the extruder 20 must be present for this purpose.
  • reinforcing additives can Fibers, powders, granules or other additives to the molding compound 30 are supplied before it reaches the cavity 45 within the tool 40.
  • Dosing devices may be present in the mixing head 44 in order to be able to set the amount of the respectively added reinforcing additives 50, 55.
  • cutting devices for the fibers can be provided so that an adaptation of the reinforcing additives 50, 55 to the respective shape or length and also the mixing ratio with the molding compound 30 can be carried out within the mixing head 44.
  • a plurality of reinforcing additives 50, 55 are provided in roll form, so that different reinforcing additives 50, 55 can be supplied to the molding compound 30.
  • the molding compound 30 may be provided with a first reinforcing additive 50 and at a second time with a second reinforcing additive 55, it is also possible over the injection period both reinforcing additives 50, 55 in different lengths and / or textures of the molding compound 30 supply.
  • reinforcing additives 50, 55 are fed to the plasticized molding compound 30 at the end of the filling period, so that the last injected mixture of molding compound 30 and reinforcing additives 50, 55 in the region of the mouth of the sprue 41 in the cavity 45 remains.
  • sensors 60 may be arranged, so that the filling process of the cavity 45 can be detected. This makes it possible to effect an adaptive control of the type, quantity and nature of the reinforcing additives 50, 55, so that an adapted adjustment of the mechanical properties of the plastic injection-molded parts 10 can take place.
  • the respectively desired amount, the respective desired type, the desired amount and the particular desired quality of the reinforcing additive can be determined via a defined feed profile and fed to the plasticized molding compound 30 after the beginning of the injection process.
  • sensors 60 temperature sensors, pressure sensors or contact sensors can be used.
  • reinforcing additives 50, 55 can also be supplied in the mixing head 44 in already mixed form.
  • the reinforcing additives 50, 55 embedded in a plastic matrix of the molding compound 30 are supplied, so that it is also possible to perform a multi-component injection molding process with separately supplied reinforcing additives 50, 55.
  • FIG. 2 a shows a plastic injection-molded part 10 in the form of an airbag housing. It is shown in a schematic plan view.
  • the airbag housing provides a cavity 15 and a flange 16 surrounding the cavity 15.
  • the contour of the flange 16 is substantially rectangular, being provided on the narrow sides recesses for the implementation of fastening screws.
  • the narrow sides of the flange 16 are mechanically particularly stressed, so that in the flange 12 an increased proportion of reinforcing additives 50, for example, glass fibers, basalt fibers or carbon fibers are present.
  • reinforcing additives 50 for example, glass fibers, basalt fibers or carbon fibers are present.
  • the walls surrounding the cavity 15 are less heavily mechanically and thermally stressed, so that no or only a few reinforcing additives are present in a second area 11.
  • the respective regions 11, 12 can be seen with different proportions of reinforcing additives, wherein the transitions between the individual regions 11, 12 can be fluent.
  • the reinforcing additives 50, 55 are fed to the molding compound 30 at the beginning of the injection process, then the supply of the reinforcing additives reduced or adjusted so that the later penetrating into the cavity 45 molding compound 30 contains no reinforcing additives 50, 55 more.
  • the mechanically highly loaded edge region 12 of the flange 16 can be specifically provided with high-strength fibers, while the remaining component is filled only with the matrix 30. This makes it possible to achieve a matched strength even with plastic injection-molded parts 10, without the entire component having to be produced with the expensive mixture of reinforcing additives 50, 55 and the molding compound 30.
  • the subsequent introduction of the reinforcing additives 50, 55 after the plating process in the extruder 20 by the extruder screw 25 has the advantage that, in particular in one embodiment of the reinforcing additives 50, 55 as fibers they are not mechanically damaged.
  • FIG. 3a and 3b show an airbag housing in plan view and side view.
  • different regions 11, 12 of the plastic injection-molded part are provided with different proportions of reinforcing additives 50, 55.
  • FIG. 3b it can be seen in FIG. 3b that different molding compounds have been supplied to the cavity at a plurality of positions or sprue channels 41, 42, 43.
  • the mixing of the molding compositions with the different proportions of reinforcing additives takes place within the cavity 45, wherein besides the use of a single base material as molding compound 30, it is also possible and provided for different starting materials to be used as molding compound 30, so that in a multicomponent Injection molding with multiple sprue channels an optimized component design of the plastic injection molded part 10 is achieved. It is provided in a variant of the invention that from a single extruder, the molding compound is conveyed to different gate locations, wherein before each sprue or multiple sprues a mixing head is arranged to achieve an adaptation of the molding material by separate supply of reinforcing additives.
  • the reinforcing additives 50, 55 are not thermoplastic.
  • already finished reinforced materials which are present for example as a finished compound and by a separate Extruders are plasticized, injected into the cavity together with a molding compound not provided with reinforcing additives, so that they mix with the flow front of the base material.
  • Parts of the component can be made completely without reinforcing additives, it is also possible that on one and the same machine different qualities of a component are produced by reinforcing additives are supplied or not supplied. This is possible without retooling, it must only be disabled, the mixing head.
  • the different properties of the regions of the component can be obtained in a production process without production interruption or by sequential manufacturing processes. Border pattern parts can be easily produced by changing the length, amount and / or type of reinforcing additives. In addition, a large number of material combinations can be realized if the reinforcing additives are supplied only after the plasticizing process of the base material, since mechanical damage is largely avoided.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé de fabrication d'une pièce moulée en matière plastique (10) au moyen d'une extrudeuse (20) qui amène une matière moulable (30) à un outil (40) comportant une ou plusieurs cavités (45), des additifs de renforcement (50, 55) étant introduits dans la matière moulable (30) pendant le processus de plastification ou après le processus de plastification, la nature et/ou la quantité des additifs de renforcement (50, 55) introduits étant modifiées pendant le remplissage de la cavité (45) avec la matière moulable (30).
PCT/EP2015/055751 2014-03-20 2015-03-19 Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce moulée en matière plastique et pièce moulée en matière plastique WO2015140239A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014003968.4 2014-03-20
DE102014003968.4A DE102014003968A1 (de) 2014-03-20 2014-03-20 Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Kunststoffspritzgussteiles und Kunststoffspritzgussteil

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2015140239A1 true WO2015140239A1 (fr) 2015-09-24

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PCT/EP2015/055751 WO2015140239A1 (fr) 2014-03-20 2015-03-19 Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce moulée en matière plastique et pièce moulée en matière plastique

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DE (1) DE102014003968A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2015140239A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3486064A1 (fr) * 2017-11-17 2019-05-22 Kunststoff-Fröhlich GmbH Dispositif et procédé d'injection

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH05329886A (ja) * 1992-05-27 1993-12-14 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd サンドイッチ射出成形方法
DE19734834A1 (de) * 1997-08-12 1999-02-18 Ferromatik Milacron Maschinenb Verfahren zur Herstellung faserverstärkter Spritzgußteile
EP0946348A1 (fr) * 1996-11-28 1999-10-06 KILIM, Rafael Zvi Karl Moulage d'un article en plastique par modification cyclique de sa composition
US20020167103A1 (en) * 2000-01-10 2002-11-14 Ickinger Georg Michael Method for introducing additives
US6776600B1 (en) * 1998-12-30 2004-08-17 Anton Zahoransky Gmbh & Co. Injection molding machine for producing injection-molded articles

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006023760B4 (de) * 2006-05-20 2009-01-22 Kraussmaffei Technologies Gmbh Verfahren zur automatisierten Materialentwicklung

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH05329886A (ja) * 1992-05-27 1993-12-14 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd サンドイッチ射出成形方法
EP0946348A1 (fr) * 1996-11-28 1999-10-06 KILIM, Rafael Zvi Karl Moulage d'un article en plastique par modification cyclique de sa composition
DE19734834A1 (de) * 1997-08-12 1999-02-18 Ferromatik Milacron Maschinenb Verfahren zur Herstellung faserverstärkter Spritzgußteile
US6776600B1 (en) * 1998-12-30 2004-08-17 Anton Zahoransky Gmbh & Co. Injection molding machine for producing injection-molded articles
US20020167103A1 (en) * 2000-01-10 2002-11-14 Ickinger Georg Michael Method for introducing additives

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3486064A1 (fr) * 2017-11-17 2019-05-22 Kunststoff-Fröhlich GmbH Dispositif et procédé d'injection

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Publication number Publication date
DE102014003968A1 (de) 2015-09-24

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