WO2014198503A1 - Dispositif et procédé pour l'alimentation d'unités d'injection de thermodurcissable, ou d'unités d'extrusion de thermodurcissable - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé pour l'alimentation d'unités d'injection de thermodurcissable, ou d'unités d'extrusion de thermodurcissable Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014198503A1
WO2014198503A1 PCT/EP2014/060390 EP2014060390W WO2014198503A1 WO 2014198503 A1 WO2014198503 A1 WO 2014198503A1 EP 2014060390 W EP2014060390 W EP 2014060390W WO 2014198503 A1 WO2014198503 A1 WO 2014198503A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
extruder
compound material
thermoset
automatic feed
screw
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2014/060390
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Martin Würtele
Marco Gruber
Jochen Mitzler
Original Assignee
Kraussmaffei Technologies Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kraussmaffei Technologies Gmbh filed Critical Kraussmaffei Technologies Gmbh
Publication of WO2014198503A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014198503A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C31/00—Handling, e.g. feeding of the material to be shaped, storage of plastics material before moulding; Automation, i.e. automated handling lines in plastics processing plants, e.g. using manipulators or robots
    • B29C31/04—Feeding of the material to be moulded, e.g. into a mould cavity
    • B29C31/06—Feeding of the material to be moulded, e.g. into a mould cavity in measured doses, e.g. by weighting
    • B29C31/061—Feeding of the material to be moulded, e.g. into a mould cavity in measured doses, e.g. by weighting using stationary volumetric measuring chambers
    • B29C31/063—Feeding of the material to be moulded, e.g. into a mould cavity in measured doses, e.g. by weighting using stationary volumetric measuring chambers of the piston type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/58—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29B7/60—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations for feeding, e.g. end guides for the incoming material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/58—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29B7/72—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29B7/726—Measuring properties of mixture, e.g. temperature or density
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C31/00—Handling, e.g. feeding of the material to be shaped, storage of plastics material before moulding; Automation, i.e. automated handling lines in plastics processing plants, e.g. using manipulators or robots
    • B29C31/02—Dispensing from vessels, e.g. hoppers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C31/00—Handling, e.g. feeding of the material to be shaped, storage of plastics material before moulding; Automation, i.e. automated handling lines in plastics processing plants, e.g. using manipulators or robots
    • B29C31/04—Feeding of the material to be moulded, e.g. into a mould cavity
    • B29C31/042—Feeding of the material to be moulded, e.g. into a mould cavity using dispensing heads, e.g. extruders, placed over or apart from the moulds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/18—Feeding the material into the injection moulding apparatus, i.e. feeding the non-plastified material into the injection unit
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/46—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it into the mould
    • B29C45/47—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it into the mould using screws
    • B29C45/48—Plasticising screw and injection screw comprising two separate screws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/38—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for feeding injection molding and extruder units for the primary molding of thermoset materials.
  • Conventional devices for feeding injection molding and extruder units are known from the prior art.
  • EP 0 687 543 B1 shows such a device for feeding injection molding and extruder units, especially for the use of duroplastic materials.
  • This known device for feeding injection molding and extruder units for thermoset injection molding machines forms the preamble of claim 1.
  • the devices also referred to as automatic feed units for molding compositions for feeding injection molding and extruder units generally have a material funnel whose axis of rotation is pivoted relative to the vertical.
  • a screw conveyor is arranged, which conveys the material in the feed hopper to a metering screw of the injection molding or extrusion unit.
  • the materials conveyed by an automatic feed unit to a metering screw or plasticizing screw of an injection molding unit are, in particular, free-flowing thermoset materials which can be processed on a corresponding thermoset injection molding machine.
  • compounded materials are added to the material hopper of the automatic feed unit from raw materials, which form so-called compound materials and are also referred to as blends or material mixtures.
  • Typical representatives of compound materials are, for example, polymers filled with fillers or fibrous materials. In the processing of thermoset materials, these are typically hardeners or resins.
  • plasticizing unit In automatic feed units for injection molding and extruder units but also TPE (technical polyelastomers), polymer blends, nanocompounds, biopolymers, natural fiber compounds and similar materials of the respective plasticizing unit can be supplied.
  • these com- Pounds In the plasticizing unit or in the metering screw, these com- Pounds usually prepared by introducing heat so further that they harden after introduction into a mold or after passing through a nozzle and so hardened form the desired injection molding or the extruder profile.
  • the compounds are formed from raw materials such as rock flour, wood flour, glass fibers, paper, cloth, fiber strands or chips thereof by blending with binders.
  • the binders are often resins, polyolefins, engineering thermoplastics, polyurethane and / or rubber or the like.
  • hardener for example, the desired thermosetting properties are achieved which, for example, can be adapted by adding additives.
  • Thermosets are, as known in the relevant prior art, chemically crosslinked plastics, which are no longer deformable thermoplastic after curing.
  • a variety of extruders are used, which usually treat under the action of heat by means of screw conveyors material-friendly as possible, a homogeneous, constant material properties exhibiting Compound.
  • Known representatives of compounds are, for example, BMC and SMC molding compounds (bulk-mold and sheet-molding compounds), which can be both short-fiber and long-fiber-reinforced free-flowing thermosetting plastics.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a device for feeding injection molding and extrusion units, with which the formulation and the material rial properties of the compounds that can be fed to the automatic feed unit, can be influenced.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a device which processes the raw materials used so as to protect the material in such a way that the material quality in the finally produced thermoset injection molded components or thermoset extruder profiles is improved.
  • the present invention has also set itself the task to keep the stress on the raw materials used to a minimum and to reduce the cost of the preparation of the compound.
  • an extruder for processing the starting materials for a thermoset compound which prepares the starting materials to form a thermoset compound material.
  • the extruder feeds the thermoset compound material processed by it directly, without intermediate storage, to a material hopper of an automatic feed unit of a thermoset injection or thermoset extrusion unit.
  • the device according to the invention can be used directly with the starting materials, ie with resins, hardeners, binders, fillers, reinforcing fibers, etc., which are first processed in an extruder to compound material. After compounding, the compound material is fed directly to a material hopper of an automatic feed unit of an injection molding machine or an extruding machine. It is thus achieved that a formulation of a compound material, for example, depending on the requirements of the component to be produced or to adapt to the production conditions in the thermoset original molding can be suitably reacted to obtain a component with optimal properties. That is, with the device according to the invention, a direct compounding of the starting materials takes place, wherein the compound can be processed directly from an injection molding or extruder unit.
  • the starting material used after compounding in which it often has to be heated, does not unnecessarily cool down until further processing, or until plastification, in order to be usually reheated for plasticizing.
  • the starting materials are processed in a material softening manner for processing in a thermoset injection or extrusion unit.
  • this arrangement has a favorable effect on the parts price of the components to be produced, since no two-stage heating is necessary, which consumes additional energy. Furthermore, handling and transport costs for the processed compound material are eliminated, as is conventionally the case.
  • the formulation and / or texture of the compounded material can in particular be influenced flexibly.
  • Such an influence on compounded material is not known in the prior art.
  • An already prefabricated compounded material can not be easily changed in its composition or material properties.
  • the resulting disadvantages in the processing of the industrially prefabricated compound material to injection molding or Extrudierprofilen be taken in injection molding and Extrudierattien according to the prior art in purchasing.
  • the material properties of the compound can be influenced, thereby making the demands on the workpiece to be produced (injection molding) or profile (extrusion), can be better fulfilled. It can also be flexibly reacted to the manufacturing and environmental conditions involved in the production of the components. Thus, temperature fluctuations and / or moisture fluctuations, which are, for example, due to the seasons or due to operational conditions, can be taken into account via the adaptation of the compound prepared directly on the machine, so that an optimum component quality is achieved.
  • composite material can be processed in an injection molding machine or in an extruder whose expiry time or, in chemical terms, its half-life is relatively low, and which, if appropriate, should be provided with additives so that the compound material can be treated according to his Production not degraded until its processing. Under degradation of compound material, for example, to understand that this cures quickly or loses its viscosity properties or undergoes color changes due to environmental influences. All this can be avoided with the device according to the invention with which the compound material is produced immediately before processing on an injection unit or extruding unit, so that compound material of the highest quality is available for the production of injection molded parts or extruded profiles from thermoset materials.
  • thermoset material for an injection molding machine or for an extruder
  • the recipe can be optimally adapted.
  • the formulation can thus be optimally adjusted to the required material properties of the thermoset component to be produced, which is to be processed in an injection molding machine or an extruder machine.
  • the flexible influence on the compound material can also take into account different environmental influences. It is possible to work with compound material which conventionally can only be stored for a short time or can be stored only by adding additives, which normally leads to losses in the material quality. Such quality losses in the material properties can be avoided with the device according to the invention.
  • the method according to the invention not only achieves an increased quality of parts for the components which are produced by means of the injection molding unit or extruding unit, but also achieves a saving of resources, in particular by avoiding (double) heat supply and / or transport of industrially prefabricated components. th compound material. This ultimately has a positive effect on the parts price.
  • the parts produced with an injection molding or extruder unit according to the invention thus contribute positively to the economy of the production process and improve the ecological energy balance for the components or profiles produced with an injection molding or extrusion machine according to the invention.
  • energy savings can be achieved because once warmed starting material for processing of compound material does not cool significantly, to be reheated for plasticizing.
  • the heated in the preparation material can be supplied in the heated state of plasticizing, whereby no or only very small heat losses occur.
  • Direct compounding on the injection molding machine or on the extruder reduces the material stress in the chain of the preparation of the starting materials into compound material and further on the plasticization of the compound material, since many intermediate steps are eliminated in comparison to material processing in the conventional state of the art. All steps to transportability or shelf life, such. As pelleting or granulation omitted in the direct compounding according to the present inventive method.
  • the compound material can be processed continuously or discontinuously by the extruder used according to the invention, depending on how the further processing sequence is designed on the injection molding unit or extruding unit.
  • the extruder will also be operated discontinuously due to the discontinuous injection molding process, and in the case of an extrusion process the extruder for the preparation of the compound material will operate continuously, since the extrusion process for the production of the workpiece also runs continuously.
  • the outlet opening of the extruder used according to the invention for the production of the compound material can be mounted directly on the filling opening of the plasticizing cylinder of the injection molding unit or the extruding unit.
  • the material hopper of the automatic feed unit can serve as a buffer memory, that is, processed by the extruder compound continuously fed into the material hopper and from there via the feed screw of the automatic feed unit discontinuously further to the metering screw for the injection molding.
  • an improved material quality or an increased energy saving can thereby be realized.
  • the continuous or discontinuous operation of the extruder for processing the thermoset compound material may depend on the material properties that the compound material is to receive or on how the further processing of the compound material takes place.
  • the thermoplastic compound material prepared by the extruder is conveyed into the material hopper of the automatic feed unit for an injection molding or extruding unit via a feed chute, which is more preferably sealed off from the environment.
  • the material hopper will be made heatable, so that the processed compound material does not cool. More preferably, in this case, the extruder for processing of compound material will be provided with a hopper for the material hopper, so on the one hand no energy losses occur and no impurities are entered into the compound material.
  • the device according to the invention or the method according to the invention also improves the quality of the parts by avoiding impurities or separate measures to avoid such impurities that usually occur due to material handling.
  • the extruder itself preferably has several openings for the introduction of starting materials, since the compounding, depending on the type and / or size of the starting materials, a different time / heat ratio or other compounding requirements for material-saving processing has.
  • starting materials such as long glass fibers
  • the extruder will not be introduced at the beginning of the extruder, but rather towards the end of the extruder, so that the long fibers will receive as little mechanical stress as possible and will no longer break as inevitable.
  • other starting materials which require good mixing are introduced at openings which are arranged at the beginning of the extruder.
  • the extruder itself can be a single-screw or a twin-screw or a planetary roller extruder, the screw conveyor either rotate in the same direction or in opposite directions to each other.
  • the most favorable design is u. a.
  • the starting materials used as well as the way in which the composition is also influenced by the preferred starting materials.
  • the extruder can be tempered in a suitable manner.
  • the manner of controlling the temperature of an extruder can be carried out in a conventional manner, for example electrically, through which fluid flows, microwave-excited, etc.
  • the automatic feed device is also designed to be heatable.
  • a constant energy level or temperature level is maintained, whereby the material properties and the material quality for the workpieces to be produced can be kept consistently high, since the material used is not subject to temperature fluctuations, which may possibly lead to quality losses.
  • the compounded material is preferably fed by the automatic feed unit to the metering screw in a pressure-controlled manner, so that unnecessary material loads and consistent shot weights, in particular in injection molding units or mass flows, in particular in extruder units, can be ensured.
  • a thermoset compound material is plasticized in a Dosierschneckenvorraum supplied by means of a metering screw from which it, for example, by means of a hydraulic piston through a nozzle, for example, introduced into an injection mold is extruded or extruded on an extruding machine.
  • thermosetting compound material is supplied to the metering screw by an automatic feeder, which preferably has a rotating material hopper and arranged along its surface line screw conveyor, fed continuously or discontinuously.
  • an automatic feeder which preferably has a rotating material hopper and arranged along its surface line screw conveyor, fed continuously or discontinuously.
  • the thermoset compound material is previously prepared in an extruder unit from raw materials, the extruder feeds the compounded material directly to the material hopper of the automatic feed unit without further intermediate storage.
  • the extruder may have a plurality of openings for receiving starting material, whereby the individual starting materials are subjected to different mechanical forces or treated with different residence times, in particular in heated extruders to thermoset compound material. Even if the thermoset compound material is processed batchwise, for example, by an injection molding unit, the extruder for processing the thermosetting compound can be continuously operated because the material hopper of the automatic feeder unit serves as a buffer storage.
  • thermoset compound material from the automatic feed unit to the plasticizing unit of the injection molding or extruding unit is pressure-controlled, so that the mechanical loads on the compound material can be controlled and regulated, and a constant material input, in particular for extrusion machines or a consistent shot weight, at Injection molding machines is possible.
  • the schematic representation of a device according to the invention for feeding injection molding and extrusion units shows an extruder 6, the starting materials in the form of resin, hardener, fillers, with and without fibers, etc. can be supplied. These starting materials used can be subjected to additives and / or heat and / or pressure, whereby, for example, by means of conventional, arranged in the extruder 6 screw conveyors 65, a compound material 10 can be processed.
  • a compound material 10 processed in the extruder 6 is preferably conveyed into a material hopper 41 of an automatic feed unit 4 via a feed chute 5, which is arranged at the end of the extruder 6.
  • the material hopper 41 is preferably designed so that it can rotate about its axis inclined to the vertical axis of rotation 41 a.
  • the thermoset compound compound 10 passes to a screw conveyor 42, which is arranged along a generatrix of the material funnel 41.
  • the screw conveyor 42 feeds the compound material to a metering screw 2, which plasticizes the compound material 10 and supplies the plasticized compound material 20, for example, to a screw antechamber 21.
  • the feeding of the not yet plasticized compound material 10 from the material hopper 41 via the screw conveyor 42 can be carried out continuously to the metering screw 2, which is preferred for example in Extrudiertechniken.
  • the delivery of the automatic feed unit 4 can also be formed discontinuously.
  • the processing of the thermoset compound material 10 can take place continuously or discontinuously by the extruder 6, since the material hopper 41 can be used as a buffer for the discontinuous injection molding process.
  • the plasticization of the thermosetting compound material 10 by the metering screw 2 is also carried out in a continuous or discontinuous manner.
  • a continuous operation of the metering screw 2 in the discontinuous injection molding process is also conceivable here, since a screw antechamber 21, which can preferably accommodate the shot volume, can be filled continuously by the metering screw 2.
  • the screw antechamber 21 then serves as a buffer memory, which is emptied at each shot of the injection molding machine.
  • the continuous operation of the metering screw 2 for plasticizing the thermoset compound material 10 is suitable so that the generally continuous extruder unit for producing extruded profiles is continuously supplied with plasticized compound material 20.
  • the outlet opening of the extruder 6 can be mounted directly to the filling opening of the cylinder of the plasticization with the metering screw 2.
  • the extruder 6 used for the preparation of the thermoset compound material 10 is operated with a twin screw 65, which are further preferably driven in rotation in the same direction.
  • the extruder 6 for the preparation of the thermosetting compound material 10 via an internal screw heating, which is, for example. Liquid or gas flows through, heated. So that the hot compound material 10 does not cool on the way to the metering screw 2, in which the material is usually heated for plasticizing, the automatic feeding device 4 is also tempered. This can also be done by means of an internally arranged liquid or gas circulation of heated media.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Robotics (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif et un procédé pour l'alimentation d'unités d'injection de thermodurcissable ou d'unités d'extrusion de thermodurcissable, présentant une vis doseuse (2) et une unité d'alimentation automatique (4). L'unité d'alimentation automatique présente une trémie à matériau (41), pour recevoir un matériau composite thermodurcissable (10), et une vis sans fin d'alimentation (42), pour l'amenée du matériau composite thermodurcissable à la vis doseuse. La vis doseuse plastifie le matériau composite thermodurcissable et amène le matériau composite thermodurcissable plastifié, à l'état dosé, à une avant-chambre de vis doseuse (21) présentant une ouverture de sortie (22). Le dispositif présente en outre une extrudeuse (6) qui mélange la matière de départ pour une préparation du matériau composite thermodurcissable, et qui amène le matériau composite thermodurcissable à la trémie à matériau de l'unité d'alimentation automatique.
PCT/EP2014/060390 2013-06-13 2014-05-21 Dispositif et procédé pour l'alimentation d'unités d'injection de thermodurcissable, ou d'unités d'extrusion de thermodurcissable WO2014198503A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102013106135.4 2013-06-13
DE201310106135 DE102013106135A1 (de) 2013-06-13 2013-06-13 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Beschicken von Duroplast-Spritzgieß- und Extrudereinheiten

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2014198503A1 true WO2014198503A1 (fr) 2014-12-18

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DE (1) DE102013106135A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014198503A1 (fr)

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CN113825611A (zh) * 2019-06-05 2021-12-21 克劳斯玛菲科技有限公司 用于监控供给设备的填充状态的方法以及用于实施所述方法的设备和具有这样的设备的注射成型机/挤出机单元

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DE102016218216B4 (de) * 2016-09-22 2024-01-11 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur Herstellung großer Duromerteile

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CN113825611A (zh) * 2019-06-05 2021-12-21 克劳斯玛菲科技有限公司 用于监控供给设备的填充状态的方法以及用于实施所述方法的设备和具有这样的设备的注射成型机/挤出机单元
CN113825611B (zh) * 2019-06-05 2024-06-04 克劳斯玛菲科技有限公司 用于填充状态的方法及设备和注射成型机/挤出机单元

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