EP2049695B1 - System zur erzeugung eines vakuums in einem gerbereitrockner - Google Patents

System zur erzeugung eines vakuums in einem gerbereitrockner Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2049695B1
EP2049695B1 EP06818970A EP06818970A EP2049695B1 EP 2049695 B1 EP2049695 B1 EP 2049695B1 EP 06818970 A EP06818970 A EP 06818970A EP 06818970 A EP06818970 A EP 06818970A EP 2049695 B1 EP2049695 B1 EP 2049695B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
vacuum
roots blower
roots
mbar
blowers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP06818970A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2049695A1 (de
Inventor
Gianni Dal Lago
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Escomar Italia Srl
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Escomar Italia Srl
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Application filed by Escomar Italia Srl filed Critical Escomar Italia Srl
Publication of EP2049695A1 publication Critical patent/EP2049695A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2049695B1 publication Critical patent/EP2049695B1/de
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B15/00—Removing liquids, gases or vapours from textile materials in association with treatment of the materials by liquids, gases or vapours
    • D06B15/09—Removing liquids, gases or vapours from textile materials in association with treatment of the materials by liquids, gases or vapours by jets of gases
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
    • C14B—MECHANICAL TREATMENT OR PROCESSING OF SKINS, HIDES OR LEATHER IN GENERAL; PELT-SHEARING MACHINES; INTESTINE-SPLITTING MACHINES
    • C14B1/00—Manufacture of leather; Machines or devices therefor
    • C14B1/58—Drying
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B5/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
    • F26B5/04—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum
    • F26B5/045—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum for drying thin, flat articles in a batch operation, e.g. leather, rugs, gels

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a system for creating a vacuum in a multi-layer tanning dryer, according to the general definition in claim 1.
  • vacuum machines are already well known and widely used in the tanning sector, and are used to dry wet skins after they have been subjected to tanning and dyeing processes.
  • a "vacuum” dryer comprises a range of heated levels on which the wet skins are spread. These are then closed with a “lid” cover in order to form a drying chamber, inside which a vacuum is then created to accelerate the evaporation of the liquid substances contained in said skins, substances which are transformed into gases and vapours.
  • these dryers comprise a system for heating the levels and a system to create the vacuum in the drying chambers on the various levels.
  • the system is basically composed of one or more suction units, defined by the term "vacuum pump", which suck in the gases and vapours from the drying chamber and the condensers, located upstream of the aforesaid pumps, and which are used to cool part of the vapours until they are condensed.
  • vacuum pump which suck in the gases and vapours from the drying chamber and the condensers, located upstream of the aforesaid pumps, and which are used to cool part of the vapours until they are condensed.
  • a drawback that arises with this type of system is represented by the fact that when the damp gaseous substances (gases and vapours released by the drying skins) are sucked in by the liquid ring or vane pumps, they mix with the working fluids (the water or oil that must ensure the hermetic sealing and lubrication of moving parts), to form a strongly corrosive polluting mixture that provokes rapid deterioration of the vanes and other components of the aforesaid pumps, thus requiring constant maintenance and creating considerable running costs.
  • the working fluids the water or oil that must ensure the hermetic sealing and lubrication of moving parts
  • said polluting mixture (the lubrication fluids necessary for liquid ring or vane vacuum pump operation, plus the gases and vapours released in the hermetically sealed vacuum chamber during skin drying action, and that are sucked out because of vacuum action) cannot be discharged directly into the sewer system because it would provoke strong pollution, and therefore the system must also be equipped with a separator.
  • the pump while running, the pump must be constantly supplied with enough working fluid to dispose of the heat generated by the gas compression, and to replace the working liquids that exit from the pump together with the gas. This means that the size of said separator must be considerable, and this too has an influence on purchase costs and also involves the running of the separator equipment.
  • the object of the present invention is to create a vacuum system that eliminates the aforesaid problems, in other words, that does not result in the emission of polluting substances such as emulsified oil and polluted water that require complex and expensive processing; in particular, during skin drying operations, the system must release vapours and gases that, when condensed, can be easily collected and taken to disposal plants.
  • a further aim of the invention is to create a vacuum system that is able to provide very strong suction and reduced pressure performance levels, with power consumption, which is considerably lower than that of prior art.
  • blowers familiarly known by the term “Roots blower”
  • Rooms blower are very simple to build, and have the added advantage of not requiring lubricants that come into contact with the gaseous substances to be compressed, as occurs with liquid ring or vane pumps, and therefore they do not generate polluting mixtures and thus prevent the problems described above.
  • the system is characterised in that it involves a circuit positioned downstream of the vacuum condenser, inside which at least two 3-lobed Roots blowers are inserted. These are better known as vacuum pumps with pre-inlet and a heat exchanger with condensation recovery.
  • the system according to the invention can be possibly completed with a third 2-lobed Roots blower, better known as a vacuum blower, set between the vacuum condenser and the aforesaid circuit. Said Roots blower operation is controlled by a by-pass valve.
  • a third 2-lobed Roots blower better known as a vacuum blower
  • the system is completed with suitable auxiliary equipment such as at least one gaseous substance collector tank, a silencer with a suction filter on environment inlet, and a silencer on the fume discharge.
  • suitable auxiliary equipment such as at least one gaseous substance collector tank, a silencer with a suction filter on environment inlet, and a silencer on the fume discharge.
  • the two Roots blower vacuum pumps are positioned in series and their suction ratio is approximately 5:1; the first Roots blower vacuum pump is positioned with the suction opening for cooling at pre-inlet in communication with the environment, and therefore the absolute pressure at the suction opening is approximately 200 mbar.
  • the second Roots blower vacuum pump is positioned upstream and in series with the first Roots blower, and therefore its suction opening pre-inlet communicates with the reduced pressure pipe at 200 mbar, and because of the suction ratio of 5:1, the absolute pressure at its suction opening is approximately 40 mbar.
  • the delivery opening of the aforesaid is connected by means of a second pipe to said first pipe, which is the inlet pipe for the suction opening of the first Roots blower.
  • a heat exchanger is inserted into the second pipe, to provide for the condensation of the vaporised liquids present in the gases sucked in from the vacuum chamber, as well as for cooling the fluid.
  • a third two-lobed Roots blower is activated in the connecting pipe between the second Roots blower and the vacuum condenser, which when activated by a by-pass valve, and working together with the other two Roots blower, will provide a final vacuum level lower than 2mbar.
  • the operating mode described above is "running mode" which means that this occurs when the vacuum chambers are hermetically sealed and the system operates with the highest possible vacuum level.
  • the third blower is excluded and the flow rate of the fluid sucked in from the machine and discharged by the second Roots blower is subdivided by the two aforesaid pipes into a first part which is sucked in by said second Roots blower, and necessary for said Roots blower to operate, and the remaining part in excess, which is sucked in by the first Roots blower and expelled into the atmosphere.
  • the self-balancing differential in the suction by the two Roots blowers is gradually reduced with the progressive increase of the vacuum in the circuit, and it will finally disappear when the second Roots blower begins operating at its maximum differential pressure, in other words, when the absolute suction pressure returns to approximately 40 mbar, as opposed to an inlet/discharge pressure of approximately 200 mbar.
  • Roots blowers 1 and 2 are three-lobe types, better known as pre-inlet vacuum pumps, while Roots blower 3, is a two-lobe vacuum blower.
  • Figure 1 shows the two Roots vacuum pumps 1 and 2 positioned reciprocally in series, since their suction ratio is 5:1, and since the first Roots vacuum pump 1 is positioned with the suction opening for cooling at the pre-inlet, in communication with the environment, it has an absolute pressure of approximately 200 mbar in its suction opening "A".
  • the second Roots blower is positioned upstream and in series with the first Roots blower 1, and therefore results as having the pre-inlet suction opening in communication through a first connection pipe 10, with a zone in reduced pressure at 200 mbar. Therefore because of the ratio 5:1, it has an absolute pressure of approximately 40 mbar in its suction opening "B".
  • the delivery opening In order to permit the Roots blower 2 to operate with an absolute pressure of 40 mbar at the suction opening inlet, in relation to a pressure of 200 mbar, the delivery opening must be connected by a second pipe 20 to the aforesaid first connection pipe 10, inside which a heat exchanger 5 has been inserted, and equipped with a condensate discharge tank 6.
  • a possible third Roots blower 3 can operate, activated by a by-pass valve 4 and working together with the other two Roots blowers 1 and 2. This will produce a final vacuum level in the circuit that is lower than 2 mbar.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Applications Or Details Of Rotary Compressors (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. SYSTEM ZUM ERZEUGEN EINES VAKUUMS IN EINEM GERBERITROCKNER vom Typ der sogenannten Vakuumtrockner, das an einen Verflüssiger (K) angeschlossen ist, in den die Vakuumeinlässe der verschiedenen übereinanderliegenden Ebenen des Vakuumsystems S mit Hilfe von Ventilen (V) geführt sind,
    wobei das System dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, das
    es zum Erzeugen des Vakuums ausschließlich Gehläse des sogenannten trockenlaufernden Typs verwendet.
  2. SYSTEM nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Gebläse vom Typ der Roots-Gehläse sind.
  3. SYSTEM nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es einen nach dem Verflüssiger (K) des Vakuumsystems (S) angeordneten Kreislauf vorsieht, in den mindesten zwei dreiflügelige Roots-Gcbläse (1, 2) eingefügt sind, die besser als Voremtass-Vakuumpumpen bekannt sind.
  4. SYSTEM nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zwei Roots-Gebläse (1, 2) in Reihe zueinander angeordnet sind und ein Ansaugverhältnis von 5:1 aufweisen, wobei das erste Roots-Gebläse (1) so angeordnet ist, dass die Ansaugöffnung für die Voreinlasskühlung in Verbindung mit der Umgebung steht, und es daher einen Absolutdruck von ungefähr 200 mbar bezogen auf den Luftdruck an seiner Ansaugörfnung (A) aufweist, während das zweite Roots-Gebläse (2), das vor und in Reihe mit dem ersten
    Roots-Gebläse angeordnet ist, so angeordnet ist, dass die Voreinlass-Ansaugöffnung durch eine erste Verbindungsrohrleitung (10) in Verbindung mit einer Zone mit einem auf ungefähr 200 mbar gesenkten Druck steht, und es daher einen Absolutdruck von ungefähr 40 mbar in seiner Ansaugöffnung (B) aufweist.
  5. SYSTEM nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Drucköffnung des zweiten Roots-Gehläses (2) durch eine zweite Rohrleitung (20) mit der ersten Verbindungsrohrleitung (10) mit vermindertem Druck verbunden ist.
  6. SYSTEM nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Wärmetauscher (5) in die zweite Rohrleitung (20) eingefügt und mit einem Kondensatablaufbehälter (6) versehen ist.
  7. SYSTEM nach Anspruch 3 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in eine Rohrleitung (30), die das zweite Roots-Gehläse (2) mit dem Verflüssiger (K) des Vakuums (S) verbindet, ein drittes Roots-Gebläse (3) eingefügt ist, das, betätigt von einem voreingestellten Umleitventil (4), zusammen mit den anderen zwei Roots-Gebläsen (1, 2) arbeiten kann, wenn Hochvakuumniveaus von weniger als 2 mbar verlangt sind.
  8. SYSTEM nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es "selbstkompensierend" arbeitet, wenn, unter Ausschluss des dritten Gebläses (3), die Durchflussmenge des von der Maschine (S) angesaugten und vom zweiten Roots-Gebläse (2) abgeführten Fluids durch die zwei Rohrleitungen (10, 20) in zwei Teile aufgeteilt wird; der erste Teil wird vom zweiten Roots-Gebläse (2) angesaugt und der verbleibende überschüssige Teil wird vom ersten Roots-Gebläse (1) angesaugt und in die Atmosphäre ausgestoßen, wobei die "selbstkornpensierende" Wirkung der zwei ersten Roots-Gebläse (1, 2) aufrechterhalten wird, bis das zweite Roots-Gebläse (2) wieder mit seinem maximalen Differenzdruck arbeitet, das heißt, wenn der absolute Ansaugdruck an der Öffnung (B) wieder ungefähr 40 mbar bezogen auf einen Ansaug-/Verdichtungsdruck von ungefähr 200 mbar beträgt.
EP06818970A 2006-07-27 2006-12-04 System zur erzeugung eines vakuums in einem gerbereitrockner Not-in-force EP2049695B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT000240A ITVI20060240A1 (it) 2006-07-27 2006-07-27 Impianto per la realizzazione del vuoto in un essiccatoio per conceria
PCT/EP2006/011599 WO2008011912A1 (en) 2006-07-27 2006-12-04 System for creating a vacuum in a tanning dryer

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2049695A1 EP2049695A1 (de) 2009-04-22
EP2049695B1 true EP2049695B1 (de) 2010-12-22

Family

ID=37776527

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06818970A Not-in-force EP2049695B1 (de) 2006-07-27 2006-12-04 System zur erzeugung eines vakuums in einem gerbereitrockner

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2049695B1 (de)
KR (1) KR20090034304A (de)
AT (1) ATE492655T1 (de)
BR (1) BRPI0621571A2 (de)
DE (1) DE602006019152D1 (de)
IT (1) ITVI20060240A1 (de)
WO (1) WO2008011912A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITVI20110307A1 (it) * 2011-11-25 2013-05-26 Turato S R L Off Impianto del vuoto per essiccatoi di pelli a pianali multipli
ITVI20130304A1 (it) * 2013-12-19 2015-06-20 Turato Srl Off Impianto a vuoto stabilizzato per essiccatoio di pelli industriali a pianali di evaporazione multipli
CN108344221B (zh) * 2017-12-22 2024-05-28 佛山精迅能冷链科技有限公司 一种可调控压力的真空预冷机
RU2716056C1 (ru) * 2019-03-13 2020-03-06 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Тамбовский государственный технический университет" (ФГБОУ ВО "ТГТУ") Энергоэффективная конвективно-вакуум-импульсная сушильная установка с тепловыми аккумуляторами

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1270767B (it) * 1993-03-18 1997-05-07 Cartigliano Spa Off Impianto a vuoto per esseccatoi di pelli industriali a pianali multipli ed essiccatoio incorporante tale impianto
IT1287316B1 (it) * 1996-07-08 1998-08-04 Emilio Buttazzi Impianto di termocompressione a recupero termico per essiccatoi sottovuoto nonche' essiccatoio incorporante tale impianto
ITVI980127A1 (it) * 1998-06-29 1999-12-29 Cartigliano Off Spa Impianto di essicazione ad alto vuoto equilibrato per pelli industria li e prodotti similari

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Publication number Publication date
DE602006019152D1 (de) 2011-02-03
ATE492655T1 (de) 2011-01-15
EP2049695A1 (de) 2009-04-22
WO2008011912A1 (en) 2008-01-31
KR20090034304A (ko) 2009-04-07
ITVI20060240A1 (it) 2008-01-28
BRPI0621571A2 (pt) 2011-12-13

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