EP2031237B1 - Injection nozzle for injecting fuel - Google Patents

Injection nozzle for injecting fuel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2031237B1
EP2031237B1 EP08160784A EP08160784A EP2031237B1 EP 2031237 B1 EP2031237 B1 EP 2031237B1 EP 08160784 A EP08160784 A EP 08160784A EP 08160784 A EP08160784 A EP 08160784A EP 2031237 B1 EP2031237 B1 EP 2031237B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel
passage
nozzle
compressed air
injection nozzle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP08160784A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2031237A1 (en
Inventor
Reiner Dr. Schulz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wartsila NSD Schweiz AG
Original Assignee
Wartsila NSD Schweiz AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wartsila NSD Schweiz AG filed Critical Wartsila NSD Schweiz AG
Priority to EP08160784A priority Critical patent/EP2031237B1/en
Publication of EP2031237A1 publication Critical patent/EP2031237A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2031237B1 publication Critical patent/EP2031237B1/en
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M55/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by their fuel conduits or their venting means; Arrangements of conduits between fuel tank and pump F02M37/00
    • F02M55/002—Arrangement of leakage or drain conduits in or from injectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
    • F02M47/027—Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
    • F02M61/10—Other injectors with elongated valve bodies, i.e. of needle-valve type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0031—Valves characterized by the type of valves, e.g. special valve member details, valve seat details, valve housing details
    • F02M63/0047—Four-way valves or valves with more than four ways
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0031—Valves characterized by the type of valves, e.g. special valve member details, valve seat details, valve housing details
    • F02M63/0049—Combined valve units, e.g. for controlling pumping chamber and injection valve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
    • F02M61/182—Discharge orifices being situated in different transversal planes with respect to valve member direction of movement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/02—Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively
    • F02M63/0205—Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively for cutting-out pumps or injectors in case of abnormal operation of the engine or the injection apparatus, e.g. over-speed, break-down of fuel pumps or injectors ; for cutting-out pumps for stopping the engine
    • F02M63/0215—Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively for cutting-out pumps or injectors in case of abnormal operation of the engine or the injection apparatus, e.g. over-speed, break-down of fuel pumps or injectors ; for cutting-out pumps for stopping the engine by draining or closing fuel conduits

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an injection nozzle for injecting fuel in a diesel engine, according to the preamble of claim 1 and a diesel engine, in particular a two-stroke large diesel engine with at least one such injection nozzle.
  • injectors which include a nozzle body and a nozzle head connected thereto having one or more nozzle orifices for injecting fuel into a fuel injector To inject a cylinder arranged combustion chamber of the diesel engine.
  • injectors include an injector including a valve needle disposed within the nozzle body and a valve seat connected to the nozzle orifices via a passage formed in the nozzle body and nozzle head and cooperating with the valve needle to control the supply of fuel to the nozzle orifices ,
  • the injector further comprises a piston for actuating the valve needle, which is arranged movably in a cylinder bore, and a compression spring which acts on the piston, and which presses the valve needle connected to the piston against the valve seat, as long as the fuel pressure applied to the injection nozzle is low to prevent a drop in the injector.
  • the pressure at which opens the injection valve is set for each injector via a spring bias.
  • valve seat of the fuel injector is located away from the nozzle orifices because it must be sufficiently supported to accommodate the pressure loads resulting from the high injection pressures. This requires a correspondingly robust construction, which takes up relatively much space.
  • the cylinder head is usually so thick that these portions of the injectors would be barely cooled and thus exposed to very high temperatures during operation if the valve seats of the fuel injectors were not located as usual away from the nozzle orifices. Sufficient distance between the valve seats and the corresponding orifices ensures that the valve seats do not overheat during operation and function properly under all operating conditions.
  • an injection nozzle is described with a nozzle head, which comprises a passage in the form of a longitudinal bore and a nozzle opening, and with an injection valve, which includes a valve seat and a closing part to open and close the fuel supply to the nozzle head and the nozzle opening.
  • the injector after WO 93/07386 additionally comprises a closing element formed as a sleeve, which is firmly connected to the closing part of the injection valve in order to open and close the nozzle opening. With the additional Closing element can be prevented during the expansion phase of the unwanted escape of fuel from the longitudinal bore of the nozzle head.
  • Object of the present invention is to provide an injector for injecting fuel in a diesel engine, in particular a two-stroke large diesel engine available, which is easier to manufacture, and no critical vote between the cross-sectional profile in the valve seat of the injector and the cross-sectional profile the or the nozzle openings required.
  • a further object is to provide a diesel engine, in particular a two-stroke large diesel engine with at least one such injection nozzle available.
  • the injection nozzle according to the invention for injecting fuel into a diesel engine contains a nozzle body and a nozzle head connected thereto which has one or more nozzle openings for injecting fuel into a combustion chamber of the diesel engine.
  • the injector includes an injector including a valve needle disposed within the nozzle body and a valve seat connected to the nozzle orifices via a passage formed in the nozzle body and / or nozzle head and cooperating with the valve needle to supply the fuel to the injector To control nozzle openings.
  • the injection nozzle according to the invention additionally comprises a device for emptying the passage and a line connected to the same, which communicates with the passage in order to empty it when the injection valve is closed.
  • the device for emptying comprises a discharge line which can be coupled to the line which communicates with the passage, in order to discharge the fuel in the passage via the two lines.
  • the device for emptying comprises a control slide, which can be arranged, for example, between the two above-mentioned lines in order to discharge the fuel in the passage with the help of existing in the combustion chamber overpressure.
  • the device for emptying comprises a cylinder with a piston to receive and / or discharge the fuel from the passage.
  • the cylinder and the piston movably guided therein may each have, as required, two portions of different diameter, the cylinder on the larger diameter side being connectable to a fuel supply, and on the opposite side to the conduit communicating with the passage , Further, it is possible to provide a spring acting on the piston in order to move it to a rest position at low or absent fuel pressure.
  • the device for emptying the passage may, on a case by case basis, comprise a separator, such as a separation vessel, for separating off exhaust gases from the fuel coming from the passage.
  • a separator such as a separation vessel
  • the device for emptying is designed as a blow-out device in order to blow out the fuel in the passage through the nozzle openings.
  • the blower for example, a compressed air reservoir, which is supplied via a compressed air supply with compressed air, and / or comprise a check valve which is connected to the compressed air reservoir or the compressed air supply or can be coupled, and the compressed air supply or the compressed air reservoir or the check valve may occasionally with the with the Passage communicating line or be coupled.
  • the blower may comprise a spool valve which For example, with the compressed air supply and the compressed air reservoir is connected, and which can be actuated, for example by means of the pressure of the supplied fuel to control the compressed air supply of the compressed air reservoir.
  • the injector may additionally include, as needed, a first piston operatively connected to the valve needle and a second piston operatively connected to the first one to open and close the injector to control both pistons.
  • the invention further includes a diesel engine, in particular a two-stroke large diesel engine, with at least one injection nozzle for injecting fuel according to one or more of the embodiments and variants described above.
  • a diesel engine in particular a two-stroke large diesel engine, with at least one injection nozzle for injecting fuel according to one or more of the embodiments and variants described above.
  • the passage can be emptied when the injection valve is closed, and the undesirable escape of fuel from the passage in injection breaks can be avoided. This also avoids the emission of soot that would otherwise result from incomplete combustion of fuel during the expansion phase.
  • the injector described above contains only parts that are either standard parts and / or can be easily manufactured.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of an injection nozzle 10 for injecting fuel in a diesel engine, in particular in a two-stroke large diesel engine, according to the present invention.
  • the injection nozzle 10 includes a nozzle body 2 and a nozzle head 3 connected thereto which has one or more nozzle openings 4.1, 4.2 in order to inject fuel into a combustion chamber of the diesel engine.
  • the injection nozzle contains an injection valve which comprises a valve needle 6 arranged in the interior of the nozzle body 2 and a valve seat 7 which is connected to the nozzle openings 4.1, 4.2 via a passage 5.1, 5.2 formed in the nozzle body and nozzle head, and the valve needle 6 cooperates to control the fuel supply to the nozzle openings.
  • the injection nozzle of the embodiment additionally comprises a device 15, 16 for emptying the passage 5.1, 5.2 and connected to the same line 17, which is in communication with the passage to empty it when the injection valve is closed.
  • the device for emptying is designed as a blow-off device 15, 16 in order to blow out the fuel in the passage 5.1, 5.2 through the nozzle openings 4.1, 4.2.
  • the blower can, for example, a compressed air reservoir 15, which is supplied via a compressed air supply 14 with compressed air, and / or include a check valve 16 which is connected to the compressed air reservoir or the compressed air supply or can be coupled, and the compressed air supply 14 or the compressed air reservoir 15 or the check valve 16 may occasionally be connected or coupled to the conduit 17 communicating with the passage.
  • the compressed air supplied by the compressed air supply expediently has a pressure which is greater than the pressure present in the combustion chamber when closing the injection valve or above the maximum pressure in the combustion chamber. Typically, the pressure of the compressed air is between 100 bar and 300 bar or between 150 bar to 250 bar.
  • the compressed air reservoir is filled with compressed air before and / or during the injection process.
  • the pressure in the passage 5.1, 5.2 drops and the compressed air accumulator empties through the check valve 16, the conduit 17, the passage and the nozzle opening or openings 4.1, 4.2 in the combustion chamber, wherein the fuel trapped in the passage expelled and is atomized by means of the compressed air, advantageously immediately after closing the valve needle. 6
  • the blower may include, if necessary, a spool 20 which is connected, for example, to the compressed air supply 14 and the compressed air reservoir 15, and which may be actuated, for example, by the pressure of the supplied fuel to control the compressed air supply of the compressed air reservoir.
  • a spool 20 which is connected, for example, to the compressed air supply 14 and the compressed air reservoir 15, and which may be actuated, for example, by the pressure of the supplied fuel to control the compressed air supply of the compressed air reservoir.
  • the spool 20 is conveniently connected to a fuel supply 12 ', which is advantageously also connected to a fuel supply 12 of the injection valve.
  • the control valve 20 may occasionally include a movable slide 21 and / or a return spring 23.
  • the blow-out device and / or the control slide are arranged in or on the injection nozzle 10. With the help of the spool 20, the compressed air supply 14 can be briefly connected to the compressed air reservoir 15 at the beginning and end of the injection process to fill it with compressed air.
  • the injector can if necessary additionally a first piston 8.1, which is movably arranged, for example, in a first cylinder bore in the nozzle body 2, and which is in operative connection with the valve needle 6 or connected, and a second Pistons comprise 8.2, for example, which is movably disposed in a second cylinder bore in the nozzle body 2, and which is in operative connection with the first or is connected to control the opening and closing of the injection valve with the two pistons.
  • the diameter of the second piston is greater than the diameter of the first.
  • the first piston 8.1 can be acted upon, for example via a fuel supply 12 of the injection valve with the pressure of the supplied fuel and the second piston 8.2, for example via the compressed air supply 14 with compressed air.
  • a drain line 13 may be provided for pressure relief in the region of the first piston.
  • a compression spring may be provided which, in Fig. 1 is not shown, and can be interpreted much weaker and space-saving than in conventional injectors. The bias of the compression spring need not be adjustable, since the influence on the opening pressure of the injection valve is low.
  • the injection valve is opened as soon as the force effect of the fuel pressure on the first piston 8.1 exceeds the force effects of the compressed air on the second piston 8.2 and optionally the compression spring.
  • the fuel pressure at which the injection valve opens and which is also referred to as the opening pressure, can be controlled by means of the pressure of the compressed air.
  • all injectors of the diesel engine are supplied from the same compressed air supply, so that an individual adjustment of the opening pressure can be omitted.
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic representation of a second embodiment of an injection nozzle 10 according to the present invention.
  • the injection nozzle 10 includes a nozzle body 2 and a nozzle head 3 connected thereto, which has one or more nozzle openings 4.1, 4.2 has to inject fuel into a combustion chamber of the diesel engine.
  • the injection nozzle contains an injection valve which comprises a valve needle 6 arranged in the interior of the nozzle body 2 and a valve seat 7 which is connected to the nozzle openings 4.1, 4.2 via a passage 5.1, 5.2 formed in the nozzle body and nozzle head, and the valve needle 6 cooperates to control the fuel supply to the nozzle openings.
  • the injection nozzle of the embodiment additionally comprises a device 18, 18a for emptying the passage 5.1, 5.2 and a line 17 connected to the same, which communicates with the passage in order to empty it when the injection valve is closed.
  • the device for emptying comprises a drain line 18 which can be coupled to the line 17 communicating with the passage 5.1, 5.2, in order to discharge the fuel in the passage via the two lines, and in particular by means of the overpressure present in the combustion chamber drain.
  • a cylinder 20, 20.1, 20.2 with a piston 21.1, 21.2 include to receive the fuel from the passage and / or discharge.
  • the cylinder and the piston guided in the same can have two sections 20.1, 20.2 or 21.1, 21.2 with different diameters, the cylinder on the side with the larger diameter being able to be connected to a fuel supply 12 'and on the opposite side with the conduit 17 communicating with the passage to aspirate and / or receive the fuel trapped in the passage.
  • the fuel supply 12 ' may be connected to a fuel supply 12 of the injection valve, if necessary.
  • the piston moves 21.1, 21.2 with increasing fuel pressure, but still closed valve needle, down, thereby optionally fuel from the cylinder is pressed into the passage.
  • the valve needle When the valve needle is open, the piston remains due to the different diameter in the upper and lower portion and due to the pressure drop in the valve seat 7 in the lower position.
  • a connection to the drain line 18 can be provided via a throttle 18a in order to vent the connecting line 17.
  • the piston 21.2 for example, as in Fig. 2 shown, with a passage 22 may be provided, and the cylinder 20.2 with an outlet opening, which opens into the inside in the lower position of the piston in the passage 20, and which is connected to the outside with the throttle 18a.
  • the piston 21.1, 21.2 is displaced into the upper position by the spring 23 and the increasing pressure in the combustion chamber, whereby fuel is sucked and / or pressed from the passage into the cylinder.
  • the piston remains until the next increase in fuel pressure, that is, until the next injection event in the upper position.
  • a further outlet opening may be provided on the cylinder, which is connected to the discharge line 18 to discharge sucked or received fuel from the cylinder.
  • Fig. 3 shows a schematic representation of a third embodiment of an injection nozzle 10 according to the present invention.
  • the injection nozzle 10 includes a nozzle body 2 and a nozzle head 3 connected thereto which has one or more nozzle openings 4.1, 4.2 in order to inject fuel into a combustion chamber of the diesel engine.
  • the injection nozzle contains an injection valve which comprises a valve needle 6 arranged in the interior of the nozzle body 2 and a valve seat 7 which is connected to the nozzle openings 4.1, 4.2 via a passage 5.1, 5.2 formed in the nozzle body and nozzle head, and the valve needle 6 cooperates to control the fuel supply to the nozzle openings.
  • the injection nozzle of the embodiment additionally comprises a device 18, 18a, 19, 19a, 20 for emptying the passage 5.1, 5.2 and connected to the same line 17 which communicates with the passage in order to empty it when the injection valve is closed.
  • the device for emptying comprises a drain line 18 which can be coupled to the line 17 communicating with the passage 5.1, 5.2, in order to discharge the fuel in the passage via the two lines, and in particular by means of the overpressure present in the combustion chamber drain.
  • the device for emptying comprises a control slide 20, which can be actuated, for example, by means of an electromagnet, and which can be arranged, for example, between the line 17 communicating with the passage 5.1, 5.2 and the drain line 18 to the fuel in the passage with the help of existing in the combustion chamber overpressure.
  • the spool 20 may, if necessary, include a movable slide 21 and / or a return spring.
  • the control valve 20 may be arranged in or on the injection nozzle 10.
  • the injector can if necessary additionally a first piston 8.1, which is movably arranged, for example, in a first cylinder bore in the nozzle body 2, and which is in operative connection with the valve needle 6 or connected, and a second Pistons comprise 8.2, for example, which is movably disposed in a second cylinder bore in the nozzle body 2, and which is in operative connection with the first or is connected to control the opening and closing of the injection valve with the two pistons.
  • the diameter of the second piston is greater than the diameter of the first.
  • the first piston 8.1 for example, via a fuel supply 12 of the injection valve with the pressure of the supplied Fuel can be acted upon, and the second piston 8.2 may be connected, for example via a throttle 12a with a fuel supply 12 'of the injection nozzle.
  • the fuel supply 12 of the injection valve is connected to the fuel supply 12 'of the injection nozzle.
  • the fuel pressure acting on the second piston is controlled by, for example, venting fuel supplied to the second piston via the spool 20 into a drain line 13. The flow can be limited by the throttle 12a.
  • a pressure relief line can be provided for pressure relief in the region of the first piston 8.1, which is connected to the drain line 13.
  • a compression spring may be provided which, in Fig. 3 is not shown, and can be interpreted much weaker and space-saving than conventional injectors.
  • the bias of the compression spring need not be adjustable, since the influence on the opening pressure of the injection valve is low.
  • the closing force of the valve needle 6 can be generated for example by the fuel pressure and possibly by the bias of the compression spring.
  • the injection valve is opened as soon as the spool 20 reduces the fuel pressure acting on the second piston 8.2 and the force effect of the fuel pressure on the first piston 8.1 exceeds the force effects of the reduced fuel pressure on the second piston and optionally the compression spring.
  • the pressure reduction acting on the second piston 8.2 is released and the injection valve is closed.
  • the device for emptying the passage can, in all embodiments and variants with a discharge line, comprise a separating device, such as a separation tank 18a, for separating off exhaust gases from the fuel from the passage and recovering them as needed.
  • the separation device can be arranged, for example, in front of the discharge line 18 or inserted into this.
  • the separating device as in Fig. 3 shown connected to an exhaust pipe 19 to discharge the separated exhaust gases.
  • a throttle 19a may be provided in the exhaust pipe or a regulator to adjust the pressure in the separator.
  • the passage can be emptied with the injector closed and dripping of the fuel can be avoided. As a result, the soot emission of the diesel engine can be reduced.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

The nozzle (10) has a nozzle head (3) with nozzle outlets (4.1, 4.2) for injecting fuel into a combustion chamber of a diesel engine. An injection valve has a valve needle (6) and a valve seat (7), which is connected with the outlets by passages (5.1, 5.2). The valve seat cooperates with the valve needle for controlling fuel supply to the outlets. An emptying device e.g. compressed air reservoir (15), is provided for emptying the passages. A line (17) is connected with the emptying device and maintains connection with one passage to empty the passage during closing the injection valve.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Einspritzdüse zum Einspritzen von Brennstoff in einem Dieselmotor, gemäss Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1 und einen Dieselmotor, insbesondere einen Zweitakt-Grossdieselmotor mit mindestens einer derartigen Einspritzdüse.The invention relates to an injection nozzle for injecting fuel in a diesel engine, according to the preamble of claim 1 and a diesel engine, in particular a two-stroke large diesel engine with at least one such injection nozzle.

In einigen Dieselmotoren und insbesondere in Zweitakt-Grossdieselmotoren herkömmlicher Bauart, wie sie beispielsweise in Schiffen und Kraftwerken verwendet werden, kommen Einspritzdüsen zum Einsatz, die einen Düsenkörper und einen mit diesem verbundenen Düsenkopf enthalten, der eine oder mehrere Düsenöffnungen aufweist, um Brennstoff in einen in einem Zylinder angeordneten Verbrennungsraum des Dieselmotors einzuspritzen. Weiter enthalten derartige Einspritzdüsen ein Einspritzventil, das eine im Innern des Düsenkörpers angeordnete Ventilnadel und einen Ventilsitz umfasst, der über einen im Düsenkörper und Düsenkopf ausgebildeten Durchlass mit den Düsenöffnungen verbunden ist, und der mit der Ventilnadel zusammenwirkt, um die Brennstoffzufuhr zu den Düsenöffnungen zu steuern. Üblicherweise umfasst die Einspritzdüse zudem einen Kolben zum Betätigen der Ventilnadel, der in einer Zylinderbohrung bewegbar angeordnet ist, und eine Druckfeder, welche auf den Kolben wirkt, und welche die mit dem Kolben verbundene Ventilnadel gegen den Ventilsitz drückt, solange der an der Einspritzdüse anliegende Brennstoffdruck gering ist, um ein Tropfen der Einspritzdüse zu verhindern. Der Druck bei dem das Einspritzventil öffnet wird für jede Einspritzdüse über eine Federvorspannung eingestellt.In some diesel engines, and in particular two-stroke large diesel engines of conventional design, such as those used in ships and power plants, injectors are used which include a nozzle body and a nozzle head connected thereto having one or more nozzle orifices for injecting fuel into a fuel injector To inject a cylinder arranged combustion chamber of the diesel engine. Further, such injectors include an injector including a valve needle disposed within the nozzle body and a valve seat connected to the nozzle orifices via a passage formed in the nozzle body and nozzle head and cooperating with the valve needle to control the supply of fuel to the nozzle orifices , Typically, the injector further comprises a piston for actuating the valve needle, which is arranged movably in a cylinder bore, and a compression spring which acts on the piston, and which presses the valve needle connected to the piston against the valve seat, as long as the fuel pressure applied to the injection nozzle is low to prevent a drop in the injector. The pressure at which opens the injection valve is set for each injector via a spring bias.

Typischerweise ist der Ventilsitz der Brennstoffeinspritzdüse entfernt von dem oder den Düsenlöchern angeordnet, da er genügend stark abgestützt sein muss, um die Druckbelastungen, die aus den hohen Einspritzdrücken resultieren, aufnehmen zu können. Dies verlangt eine entsprechend robuste Bauweise, die relativ viel Platz in Anspruch nimmt. Da aber typischerweise pro Zylinder mehrere Einspritzdüsen vorgesehen sind, wäre es aus Platzgründen schwierig, die Bereiche der Einspritzdüsen, die sich in unmittelbarer Nähe des Verbrennungsraums befinden, entsprechend robust auszulegen. Darüber hinaus ist bei einem Zweitakt-Dieselmotor der Zylinderkopf üblicherweise so dick, dass diese Bereiche der Einspritzdüsen kaum noch gekühlt würden und somit im Betrieb sehr hohen Temperaturen ausgesetzt wären, wenn die Ventilsitze der Brennstoffeinspritzdüsen nicht wie üblich entfernt von den Düsenöffnungen angeordnet würden. Eine genügende Entfernung zwischen den Ventilsitzen und den entsprechenden Düsenöffnungen stellt sicher, dass die Ventilsitze im Betrieb nicht zu heiss werden und unter sämtlichen Betriebsbedingungen einwandfrei funktionieren.Typically, the valve seat of the fuel injector is located away from the nozzle orifices because it must be sufficiently supported to accommodate the pressure loads resulting from the high injection pressures. This requires a correspondingly robust construction, which takes up relatively much space. However, since several injectors are typically provided per cylinder, it would be difficult for space reasons, the areas of the injectors, which are located in the immediate vicinity of the combustion chamber, designed to be robust accordingly. Moreover, in a two-stroke diesel engine, the cylinder head is usually so thick that these portions of the injectors would be barely cooled and thus exposed to very high temperatures during operation if the valve seats of the fuel injectors were not located as usual away from the nozzle orifices. Sufficient distance between the valve seats and the corresponding orifices ensures that the valve seats do not overheat during operation and function properly under all operating conditions.

Auf Grund der oben beschriebenen Bauweise ist das Volumen des Brennstoffs, der nach dem Schliessen der Ventilnadel im Durchlass zwischen Ventilsitz und Düsenöffnungen verbleibt, erheblich. Der im Durchlass verbleibende Brennstoff erwärmt sich und kann während der Expansionsphase auf Grund des verringernden Drucks in den Verbrennungsraum austreten. Zu diesem Zeitpunkt können die Temperaturen im Verbrennungsraum bereits derart gesunken sein, dass sie für eine vollständige Verbrennung nicht mehr ausreichen. Versuche haben gezeigt, dass das Volumen des im Durchlass verbleibenden Brennstoffs einen erheblichen Einfluss auf die Russemission des Dieselmotors hat.Due to the construction described above, the volume of fuel that remains in the passage between the valve seat and nozzle openings after closing the valve needle is considerable. The fuel remaining in the passage heats up and can exit the combustion chamber during the expansion phase due to the decreasing pressure. At this point in time, the temperatures in the combustion chamber may already have dropped to such an extent that they are no longer sufficient for complete combustion. Experiments have shown that the volume of fuel remaining in the passage has a significant influence on the soot emission of the diesel engine.

In Dokument WO 93/07386 wird eine Einspritzdüse beschrieben mit einem Düsenkopf, der einen Durchlass in Form einer Längsbohrung und eine Düsenöffnung umfasst, und mit einem Einspritzventil, das einen Ventilsitz und ein Schliessteil umfasst, um die Brennstoffzufuhr zum Düsenkopf und zur Düsenöffnung zu öffnen und zu schliessen. Die Einspritzdüse nach WO 93/07386 umfasst zusätzlich ein als Hülse ausgebildetes Schliesselement, das fest mit dem Schliessteil des Einspritzventils verbunden ist, um die Düsenöffnung zu öffnen und zu verschliessen. Mit dem zusätzlichen Schliesselement kann während der Expansionsphase der unerwünschte Austritt von Brennstoff aus der Längsbohrung des Düsenkopfs unterbunden werden. Durch die feste Verbindung zwischen dem Schliessteil des Einspritzventils und dem zusätzlichen Schliesselement werden hohe Anforderungen an die Fertigungstoleranzen gestellt, und der Querschnittsverlauf im Ventilsitz des Einspritzventils und an der Düsenöffnung müssen genau aufeinander abgestimmt werden, damit der Brennstoffdruck die Hülse nicht zu stark aufweitet und dadurch beschädigt.In document WO 93/07386 an injection nozzle is described with a nozzle head, which comprises a passage in the form of a longitudinal bore and a nozzle opening, and with an injection valve, which includes a valve seat and a closing part to open and close the fuel supply to the nozzle head and the nozzle opening. The injector after WO 93/07386 additionally comprises a closing element formed as a sleeve, which is firmly connected to the closing part of the injection valve in order to open and close the nozzle opening. With the additional Closing element can be prevented during the expansion phase of the unwanted escape of fuel from the longitudinal bore of the nozzle head. Due to the fixed connection between the closing part of the injection valve and the additional closing element high demands on the manufacturing tolerances are made, and the cross-sectional profile in the valve seat of the injector and the nozzle opening must be precisely coordinated so that the fuel pressure does not expand the sleeve too much and thus damaged ,

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, eine Einspritzdüse zum Einspritzen von Brennstoff in einem Dieselmotor, insbesondere einem Zweitakt-Grossdieselmotor, zur Verfügung zu stellen, die einfacher zu fertigen ist, und die keine kritische Abstimmung zwischen dem Querschnittsverlauf im Ventilsitz des Einspritzventils und dem Querschnittsverlauf an der oder den Düsenöffnungen erfordert. Eine weitere Aufgabe besteht darin, einen Dieselmotor, insbesondere einen Zweitakt-Grossdieselmotor mit mindestens einer derartigen Einspritzdüse zur Verfügung zu stellen.Object of the present invention is to provide an injector for injecting fuel in a diesel engine, in particular a two-stroke large diesel engine available, which is easier to manufacture, and no critical vote between the cross-sectional profile in the valve seat of the injector and the cross-sectional profile the or the nozzle openings required. A further object is to provide a diesel engine, in particular a two-stroke large diesel engine with at least one such injection nozzle available.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäss durch die in Anspruch 1 definierte Einspritzdüse und durch den in Anspruch 10 definierten Dieselmotor gelöst.This object is achieved according to the invention by the injection nozzle defined in claim 1 and by the diesel engine defined in claim 10.

Die erfindungsgemässe Einspritzdüse zum Einspritzen von Brennstoff in einem Dieselmotor, insbesondere einem Zweitakt-Grossdieselmotor, enthält einen Düsenkörper und einen mit diesem verbundenen Düsenkopf, der eine oder mehrere Düsenöffnungen aufweist, um Brennstoff in einen Verbrennungsraum des Dieselmotors einzuspritzen. Weiter enthält die Einspritzdüse ein Einspritzventil, das eine im Innern des Düsenkörpers angeordnete Ventilnadel und einen Ventilsitz umfasst, der über einen im Düsenkörper und/oder im Düsenkopf ausgebildeten Durchlass mit den Düsenöffnungen verbunden ist, und der mit der Ventilnadel zusammenwirkt, um die Brennstoffzufuhr zu den Düsenöffnungen zu steuern. Die erfindungsgemässe Einspritzdüse umfasst zusätzlich eine Vorrichtung zum Entleeren des Durchlasses und eine an dieselbe angeschlossene Leitung, die mit dem Durchlass in Verbindung steht, um diesen bei geschlossenem Einspritzventil zu entleeren.The injection nozzle according to the invention for injecting fuel into a diesel engine, in particular a two-stroke large diesel engine, contains a nozzle body and a nozzle head connected thereto which has one or more nozzle openings for injecting fuel into a combustion chamber of the diesel engine. Further, the injector includes an injector including a valve needle disposed within the nozzle body and a valve seat connected to the nozzle orifices via a passage formed in the nozzle body and / or nozzle head and cooperating with the valve needle to supply the fuel to the injector To control nozzle openings. The injection nozzle according to the invention additionally comprises a device for emptying the passage and a line connected to the same, which communicates with the passage in order to empty it when the injection valve is closed.

In einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform umfasst die Vorrichtung zum Entleeren eine Ablassleitung, die mit der mit dem Durchlass in Verbindung stehenden Leitung koppelbar ist, um den Brennstoff im Durchlass über die beiden Leitungen abzulassen.In an advantageous embodiment, the device for emptying comprises a discharge line which can be coupled to the line which communicates with the passage, in order to discharge the fuel in the passage via the two lines.

In einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsvariante umfasst die Vorrichtung zum Entleeren einen Steuerschieber, der beispielsweise zwischen den beiden oben genannten Leitungen angeordnet sein kann, um den Brennstoff im Durchlass mit Hilfe des im Verbrennungsraum vorhandenen Überdrucks abzulassen.In an advantageous embodiment variant, the device for emptying comprises a control slide, which can be arranged, for example, between the two above-mentioned lines in order to discharge the fuel in the passage with the help of existing in the combustion chamber overpressure.

In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführungsvariante umfasst die Vorrichtung zum Entleeren einen Zylinder mit einem Kolben, um den Brennstoff aus dem Durchlass aufzunehmen und/oder abzulassen. Der Zylinder und der in demselben bewegbar geführte Kolben können jeweils bei Bedarf zwei Abschnitte mit unterschiedlichem Durchmesser aufweisen, wobei der Zylinder auf der Seite mit dem grösseren Durchmesser mit einer Brennstoffzuführung verbunden sein kann und auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite mit der mit dem Durchlass in Verbindung stehenden Leitung. Weiter ist es möglich, eine auf den Kolben wirkende Feder vorzusehen, um diesen bei tiefem oder fehlendem Brennstoffdruck in eine Ruhestellung zu bewegen.In a further advantageous embodiment, the device for emptying comprises a cylinder with a piston to receive and / or discharge the fuel from the passage. The cylinder and the piston movably guided therein may each have, as required, two portions of different diameter, the cylinder on the larger diameter side being connectable to a fuel supply, and on the opposite side to the conduit communicating with the passage , Further, it is possible to provide a spring acting on the piston in order to move it to a rest position at low or absent fuel pressure.

Die Vorrichtung zum Entleeren des Durchlasses kann fallweise eine Trennvorrichtung, wie zum Beispiel einen Trennbehälter, umfassen, um Abgase von dem aus dem Durchlass stammenden Brennstoff abzutrennen.The device for emptying the passage may, on a case by case basis, comprise a separator, such as a separation vessel, for separating off exhaust gases from the fuel coming from the passage.

In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführungsform ist die Vorrichtung zum Entleeren als Ausblasvorrichtung ausgebildet, um den Brennstoff im Durchlass durch die Düsenöffnungen auszublasen. Die Ausblasvorrichtung kann beispielsweise einen Druckluftspeicher, der über eine Druckluftzuführung mit Druckluft versorgbar ist, und/oder ein Rückschlagventil umfassen, das mit dem Druckluftspeicher oder der Druckluftzuführung verbunden oder koppelbar ist, und die Druckluftzuführung oder der Druckluftspeicher oder das Rückschlagventil können fallweise mit der mit dem Durchlass in Verbindung stehenden Leitung verbunden oder koppelbar sein. Bei Bedarf kann die Ausblasvorrichtung einen Steuerschieber umfassen, der beispielsweise mit der Druckluftzuführung und dem Druckluftspeicher verbunden ist, und der zum Beispiel mittels des Drucks des zugeführten Brennstoffs betätigt werden kann, um die Druckluftversorgung des Druckluftspeichers zu steuern.In a further advantageous embodiment, the device for emptying is designed as a blow-out device in order to blow out the fuel in the passage through the nozzle openings. The blower, for example, a compressed air reservoir, which is supplied via a compressed air supply with compressed air, and / or comprise a check valve which is connected to the compressed air reservoir or the compressed air supply or can be coupled, and the compressed air supply or the compressed air reservoir or the check valve may occasionally with the with the Passage communicating line or be coupled. If necessary, the blower may comprise a spool valve which For example, with the compressed air supply and the compressed air reservoir is connected, and which can be actuated, for example by means of the pressure of the supplied fuel to control the compressed air supply of the compressed air reservoir.

Unabhängig von den oben beschriebenen Ausführungsformen und -varianten kann die Einspritzdüse bei Bedarf zusätzlich einen ersten Kolben, der mit der Ventilnadel in Wirkverbindung steht, und einen zweiten Kolben umfassen, der mit dem ersten in Wirkverbindung steht, um das Öffnen und Schliessen des Einspritzventils mit den beiden Kolben zu steuern.Regardless of the embodiments and variants described above, the injector may additionally include, as needed, a first piston operatively connected to the valve needle and a second piston operatively connected to the first one to open and close the injector to control both pistons.

Weiter umfasst die Erfindung einen Dieselmotor, insbesondere Zweitakt-Grossdieselmotor, mit mindestens einer Einspritzdüse zum Einspritzen von Brennstoff gemäss einer oder mehreren der oben beschriebenen Ausführungsformen und -varianten.The invention further includes a diesel engine, in particular a two-stroke large diesel engine, with at least one injection nozzle for injecting fuel according to one or more of the embodiments and variants described above.

Dank der Vorrichtung zum Entleeren des Durchlasses zwischen Ventilsitz und Düsenöffnungen in der oben beschriebenen Einspritzdüse kann der Durchlass bei geschlossenem Einspritzventil entleert werden, und der unerwünschte Austritt von Brennstoff aus dem Durchlass in Einspritzpausen vermieden werden. Damit unterbleibt auch die Russemission, die sonst mit der unvollständigen Verbrennung von Brennstoff während der Expansionsphase entstehen würde. Weiter von Vorteil ist, dass die oben beschriebene Einspritzdüse ausschliesslich Teile enthält, die entweder Standardteile sind und/oder einfach hergestellt werden können.Thanks to the device for emptying the passage between the valve seat and the nozzle openings in the injection nozzle described above, the passage can be emptied when the injection valve is closed, and the undesirable escape of fuel from the passage in injection breaks can be avoided. This also avoids the emission of soot that would otherwise result from incomplete combustion of fuel during the expansion phase. Another advantage is that the injector described above contains only parts that are either standard parts and / or can be easily manufactured.

Die obige Beschreibung von Ausführungsformen und -varianten dient lediglich als Beispiel. Weitere vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen gehen aus den abhängigen Ansprüchen und der Zeichnung hervor. Darüber hinaus können im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung auch einzelne Merkmale aus den beschriebenen oder gezeigten Ausführungsformen und -varianten miteinander kombiniert werden, um neue Ausführungsformen zu bilden.The above description of embodiments and variants is merely an example. Further advantageous embodiments will become apparent from the dependent claims and the drawings. In addition, in the context of the present invention, individual features of the described or shown embodiments and variants can be combined with each other to form new embodiments.

Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung an Hand der Ausführungsbeispiele und an Hand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine schematische Darstellung eines Ausführungsbeispiels einer Einspritzdüse gemäss vorliegender Erfindung,
Fig. 2
eine schematische Darstellung eines zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels einer Einspritzdüse gemäss vorliegender Erfindung, und
Fig. 3
eine schematische Darstellung eines dritten Ausführungsbeispiels einer Einspritzdüse gemäss vorliegender Erfindung.
In the following the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the embodiments and with reference to the drawing. Show it:
Fig. 1
a schematic representation of an embodiment of an injection nozzle according to the present invention,
Fig. 2
a schematic representation of a second embodiment of an injection nozzle according to the present invention, and
Fig. 3
a schematic representation of a third embodiment of an injection nozzle according to the present invention.

Fig. 1 zeigt eine schematische Darstellung eines Ausführungsbeispiels einer Einspritzdüse 10 zum Einspritzen von Brennstoff in einem Dieselmotor, insbesondere in einem Zweitakt-Grossdieselmotor, gemäss vorliegender Erfindung. Die Einspritzdüse 10 enthält einen Düsenkörper 2 und einen mit diesem verbundenen Düsenkopf 3, der eine oder mehrere Düsenöffnungen 4.1, 4.2 aufweist, um Brennstoff in einen Verbrennungsraum des Dieselmotors einzuspritzen. Weiter enthält die Einspritzdüse ein Einspritzventil, das eine im Innern des Düsenkörpers 2 angeordnete Ventilnadel 6 und einen Ventilsitz 7 umfasst, der über einen im Düsenkörper und Düsenkopf ausgebildeten Durchlass 5.1, 5.2 mit den Düsenöffnungen 4.1, 4.2 verbunden ist, und der mit der Ventilnadel 6 zusammenwirkt, um die Brennstoffzufuhr zu den Düsenöffnungen zu steuern. Die Einspritzdüse des Ausführungsbeispiels umfasst zusätzlich eine Vorrichtung 15, 16 zum Entleeren des Durchlasses 5.1, 5.2 und eine an dieselbe angeschlossene Leitung 17, die mit dem Durchlass in Verbindung steht, um diesen bei geschlossenem Einspritzventil zu entleeren. Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of an injection nozzle 10 for injecting fuel in a diesel engine, in particular in a two-stroke large diesel engine, according to the present invention. The injection nozzle 10 includes a nozzle body 2 and a nozzle head 3 connected thereto which has one or more nozzle openings 4.1, 4.2 in order to inject fuel into a combustion chamber of the diesel engine. Furthermore, the injection nozzle contains an injection valve which comprises a valve needle 6 arranged in the interior of the nozzle body 2 and a valve seat 7 which is connected to the nozzle openings 4.1, 4.2 via a passage 5.1, 5.2 formed in the nozzle body and nozzle head, and the valve needle 6 cooperates to control the fuel supply to the nozzle openings. The injection nozzle of the embodiment additionally comprises a device 15, 16 for emptying the passage 5.1, 5.2 and connected to the same line 17, which is in communication with the passage to empty it when the injection valve is closed.

In einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform ist die Vorrichtung zum Entleeren als Ausblasvorrichtung 15, 16 ausgebildet, um den Brennstoff im Durchlass 5.1, 5.2 durch die Düsenöffnungen 4.1, 4.2 auszublasen. Die Ausblasvorrichtung kann beispielsweise einen Druckluftspeicher 15, der über eine Druckluftzuführung 14 mit Druckluft versorgbar ist, und/oder ein Rückschlagventil 16 umfassen, das mit dem Druckluftspeicher oder der Druckluftzuführung verbunden oder koppelbar ist, und die Druckluftzuführung 14 oder der Druckluftspeicher 15 oder das Rückschlagventil 16 können fallweise mit der mit dem Durchlass in Verbindung stehenden Leitung 17 verbunden oder koppelbar sein. Die von der Druckluftzuführung gelieferte Druckluft hat zweckmässigerweise einen Druck, der über dem beim Schliessen des Einspritzventils vorhandenen Druck im Verbrennungsraum oder über dem maximalen Druck im Verbrennungsraum liegt. Typischerweise liegt der Druck der Druckluft zwischen 100 bar und 300 bar oder zwischen 150 bar bis 250 bar.In an advantageous embodiment, the device for emptying is designed as a blow-off device 15, 16 in order to blow out the fuel in the passage 5.1, 5.2 through the nozzle openings 4.1, 4.2. The blower can, for example, a compressed air reservoir 15, which is supplied via a compressed air supply 14 with compressed air, and / or include a check valve 16 which is connected to the compressed air reservoir or the compressed air supply or can be coupled, and the compressed air supply 14 or the compressed air reservoir 15 or the check valve 16 may occasionally be connected or coupled to the conduit 17 communicating with the passage. The compressed air supplied by the compressed air supply expediently has a pressure which is greater than the pressure present in the combustion chamber when closing the injection valve or above the maximum pressure in the combustion chamber. Typically, the pressure of the compressed air is between 100 bar and 300 bar or between 150 bar to 250 bar.

In einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsvariante wird vor und/oder während des Einspritzvorgangs der Druckluftspeicher mit Druckluft gefüllt. Nach dem Schliessen der Ventilnadel 6 sinkt der Druck im Durchlass 5.1, 5.2 und der Druckluftspeicher entleert sich über das Rückschlagventil 16, die Leitung 17, den Durchlass und die Düsenöffnung oder -öffnungen 4.1, 4.2 in den Verbrennungsraum, wobei der im Durchlass eingeschlossene Brennstoff ausgetrieben und mit Hilfe der Druckluft zerstäubt wird, vorteilhafterweise unmittelbar nach dem Schliessen der Ventilnadel 6.In an advantageous embodiment, the compressed air reservoir is filled with compressed air before and / or during the injection process. After closing the valve needle 6, the pressure in the passage 5.1, 5.2 drops and the compressed air accumulator empties through the check valve 16, the conduit 17, the passage and the nozzle opening or openings 4.1, 4.2 in the combustion chamber, wherein the fuel trapped in the passage expelled and is atomized by means of the compressed air, advantageously immediately after closing the valve needle. 6

Weiter kann die die Ausblasvorrichtung bei Bedarf einen Steuerschieber 20 umfassen, der beispielsweise mit der Druckluftzuführung 14 und dem Druckluftspeicher 15 verbunden ist, und der zum Beispiel mittels des Drucks des zugeführten Brennstoffs betätigt werden kann, um die Druckluftversorgung des Druckluftspeichers zu steuern. Falls der Steuerschieber 20 mittels des Drucks des zugeführten Brennstoffs betätigt werden soll, wird der Steuerschieber zweckmässigerweise mit einer Brennstoffzuführung 12' verbunden, die vorteilhafterweise auch mit einer Brennstoffzuführung 12 des Einspritzventils verbunden ist. Das Steuerventil 20 kann fallweise einen beweglichen Schieber 21 und/oder eine Rückstellfeder 23 enthalten. In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsvariante sind die Ausblasvorrichtung und/oder der Steuerschieber in oder an der Einspritzdüse 10 angeordnet. Mit Hilfe des Steuerschiebers 20 kann die Druckluftzuführung 14 am Anfang und Ende des Einspritzvorgangs kurzzeitig mit dem Druckluftspeicher 15 verbunden werden, um denselben mit Druckluft zu füllen.Further, the blower may include, if necessary, a spool 20 which is connected, for example, to the compressed air supply 14 and the compressed air reservoir 15, and which may be actuated, for example, by the pressure of the supplied fuel to control the compressed air supply of the compressed air reservoir. If the spool 20 is to be actuated by means of the pressure of the supplied fuel, the spool is conveniently connected to a fuel supply 12 ', which is advantageously also connected to a fuel supply 12 of the injection valve. The control valve 20 may occasionally include a movable slide 21 and / or a return spring 23. In a preferred embodiment, the blow-out device and / or the control slide are arranged in or on the injection nozzle 10. With the help of the spool 20, the compressed air supply 14 can be briefly connected to the compressed air reservoir 15 at the beginning and end of the injection process to fill it with compressed air.

Unabhängig von der oben beschriebenen Ausführungsform und -variante kann die Einspritzdüse bei Bedarf zusätzlich einen ersten Kolben 8.1, der zum Beispiel in einer ersten Zylinderbohrung im Düsenkörper 2 beweglich angeordnet ist, und der mit der Ventilnadel 6 in Wirkverbindung steht oder verbunden ist, und einen zweiten Kolben 8.2 umfassen, der zum Beispiel in einer zweiten Zylinderbohrung im Düsenkörper 2 beweglich angeordnet ist, und der mit dem ersten in Wirkverbindung steht oder verbunden ist, um das Öffnen und Schliessen des Einspritzventils mit den beiden Kolben zu steuern. Typischerweise ist der Durchmesser des zweiten Kolbens grösser als der Durchmesser des ersten. Der erste Kolben 8.1 kann beispielsweise über eine Brennstoffzuführung 12 des Einspritzventils mit dem Druck des zugeführten Brennstoffs beaufschlagt werden und der zweite Kolben 8.2 beispielsweise über die Druckluftzuführung 14 mit Druckluft. Bei Bedarf kann zur Druckentlastung im Bereich des ersten Kolbens eine Leckölleitung 13 vorgesehen sein. Um bei abgestelltem Motor eine Mindestschliesskraft auf die Ventilnadel 6 auszuüben, kann, wie bei herkömmlichen Einspritzventilen, eine Druckfeder vorgesehen sein, die in Fig. 1 nicht eingezeichnet ist, und die wesentlich schwächer und platzsparender ausgelegt werden kann als in herkömmlichen Einspritzventilen. Die Vorspannung der Druckfeder muss nicht einstellbar sein, da der Einfluss auf den Öffnungsdruck des Einspritzventils gering ist.Regardless of the above-described embodiment and variant, the injector can if necessary additionally a first piston 8.1, which is movably arranged, for example, in a first cylinder bore in the nozzle body 2, and which is in operative connection with the valve needle 6 or connected, and a second Pistons comprise 8.2, for example, which is movably disposed in a second cylinder bore in the nozzle body 2, and which is in operative connection with the first or is connected to control the opening and closing of the injection valve with the two pistons. Typically, the diameter of the second piston is greater than the diameter of the first. The first piston 8.1 can be acted upon, for example via a fuel supply 12 of the injection valve with the pressure of the supplied fuel and the second piston 8.2, for example via the compressed air supply 14 with compressed air. If necessary, a drain line 13 may be provided for pressure relief in the region of the first piston. In order to exert a minimum closing force on the valve needle 6 when the engine is switched off, as with conventional injectors, a compression spring may be provided which, in Fig. 1 is not shown, and can be interpreted much weaker and space-saving than in conventional injectors. The bias of the compression spring need not be adjustable, since the influence on the opening pressure of the injection valve is low.

Das Einspritzventil wird geöffnet, sobald die Kraftwirkung des Brennstoffdrucks auf den ersten Kolben 8.1 die Kraftwirkungen der Druckluft auf den zweiten Kolben 8.2 und gegebenenfalls der Druckfeder übersteigt. Auf diese Weise kann im Betrieb der Brennstoffdruck, bei dem das Einspritzventil öffnet, und der auch als Öffnungsdruck bezeichnet wird, mit Hilfe des Drucks der Druckluft gesteuert werden. Vorteilhafterweise werden sämtliche Einspritzdüsen des Dieselmotors aus der gleichen Druckluftzuführung versorgt, so dass eine individuelle Einstellung des Öffnungsdrucks entfallen kann.The injection valve is opened as soon as the force effect of the fuel pressure on the first piston 8.1 exceeds the force effects of the compressed air on the second piston 8.2 and optionally the compression spring. In this way, in operation, the fuel pressure at which the injection valve opens, and which is also referred to as the opening pressure, can be controlled by means of the pressure of the compressed air. Advantageously, all injectors of the diesel engine are supplied from the same compressed air supply, so that an individual adjustment of the opening pressure can be omitted.

Fig. 2 zeigt eine schematische Darstellung eines zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels einer Einspritzdüse 10 gemäss vorliegender Erfindung. Die Einspritzdüse 10 enthält einen Düsenkörper 2 und einen mit diesem verbundenen Düsenkopf 3, der eine oder mehrere Düsenöffnungen 4.1, 4.2 aufweist, um Brennstoff in einen Verbrennungsraum des Dieselmotors einzuspritzen. Weiter enthält die Einspritzdüse ein Einspritzventil, das eine im Innern des Düsenkörpers 2 angeordnete Ventilnadel 6 und einen Ventilsitz 7 umfasst, der über einen im Düsenkörper und Düsenkopf ausgebildeten Durchlass 5.1, 5.2 mit den Düsenöffnungen 4.1, 4.2 verbunden ist, und der mit der Ventilnadel 6 zusammenwirkt, um die Brennstoffzufuhr zu den Düsenöffnungen zu steuern. Die Einspritzdüse des Ausführungsbeispiels umfasst zusätzlich eine Vorrichtung 18, 18a zum Entleeren des Durchlasses 5.1, 5.2 und eine an dieselbe angeschlossene Leitung 17, die mit dem Durchlass in Verbindung steht, um diesen bei geschlossenem Einspritzventil zu entleeren. Fig. 2 shows a schematic representation of a second embodiment of an injection nozzle 10 according to the present invention. The injection nozzle 10 includes a nozzle body 2 and a nozzle head 3 connected thereto, which has one or more nozzle openings 4.1, 4.2 has to inject fuel into a combustion chamber of the diesel engine. Furthermore, the injection nozzle contains an injection valve which comprises a valve needle 6 arranged in the interior of the nozzle body 2 and a valve seat 7 which is connected to the nozzle openings 4.1, 4.2 via a passage 5.1, 5.2 formed in the nozzle body and nozzle head, and the valve needle 6 cooperates to control the fuel supply to the nozzle openings. The injection nozzle of the embodiment additionally comprises a device 18, 18a for emptying the passage 5.1, 5.2 and a line 17 connected to the same, which communicates with the passage in order to empty it when the injection valve is closed.

In einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform umfasst die Vorrichtung zum Entleeren eine Ablassleitung 18, die mit der mit dem Durchlass 5.1, 5.2 in Verbindung stehenden Leitung 17 koppelbar ist, um den Brennstoff im Durchlass über die beiden Leitungen abzulassen, und insbesondere mit Hilfe des im Verbrennungsraum vorhandenen Überdruckes abzulassen.In an advantageous embodiment, the device for emptying comprises a drain line 18 which can be coupled to the line 17 communicating with the passage 5.1, 5.2, in order to discharge the fuel in the passage via the two lines, and in particular by means of the overpressure present in the combustion chamber drain.

Fallweise kann die Vorrichtung zum Entleeren, wie in die in Fig. 2 gezeigt, einen Zylinder 20, 20.1, 20.2 mit einem Kolben 21.1, 21.2 umfassen, um den Brennstoff aus dem Durchlass aufzunehmen und/oder abzulassen. Der Zylinder und der in demselben bewegbar geführte Kolben können jeweils bei Bedarf zwei Abschnitte 20.1, 20.2 beziehungsweise 21.1, 21.2 mit unterschiedlichen Durchmessern aufweisen, wobei der Zylinder auf der Seite mit dem grösseren Durchmesser mit einer Brennstoffzuführung 12' verbunden sein kann und auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite mit der mit dem Durchlass in Verbindung stehenden Leitung 17, um den im Durchlass eingeschlossenen Brennstoff anzusaugen und/oder aufzunehmen. Dabei ist es möglich, die Leitung 17 in der Ventilnadel 6 und/oder in einem mit derselben verbundenen Betätigungskolben 8 auszubilden, um das Leitungsvolumen klein zu halten. Darüber hinaus kann die Brennstoffzuführung 12' bei Bedarf mit einer Brennstoffzuführung 12 des Einspritzventils verbunden sein. Weiter ist es möglich, eine auf den Kolben 21.1, 21.2 wirkende Feder 23 vorzusehen, um diesen bei tiefem oder fehlendem Brennstoffdruck in eine Ruhestellung zu bewegen.In some cases, the device for emptying, as in the in Fig. 2 shown, a cylinder 20, 20.1, 20.2 with a piston 21.1, 21.2 include to receive the fuel from the passage and / or discharge. If necessary, the cylinder and the piston guided in the same can have two sections 20.1, 20.2 or 21.1, 21.2 with different diameters, the cylinder on the side with the larger diameter being able to be connected to a fuel supply 12 'and on the opposite side with the conduit 17 communicating with the passage to aspirate and / or receive the fuel trapped in the passage. It is possible to form the line 17 in the valve needle 6 and / or in an associated with the same actuating piston 8 to keep the line volume small. In addition, the fuel supply 12 'may be connected to a fuel supply 12 of the injection valve, if necessary. Further, it is possible to provide a force acting on the piston 21.1, 21.2 spring 23 to move this at low or absent fuel pressure in a rest position.

In einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsvariante bewegt sich der Kolben 21.1, 21.2 mit steigendem Brennstoffdruck, aber noch geschlossener Ventilnadel, nach unten, wodurch gegebenenfalls Brennstoff aus dem Zylinder in den Durchlass gepresst wird. Bei geöffneter Ventilnadel bleibt der Kolben auf Grund des unterschiedlichen Durchmessers im oberen und unteren Abschnitt und auf Grund des Druckabfalls im Ventilsitz 7 in der unteren Stellung. In dieser Stellung kann über eine Drossel 18a eine Verbindung zur Ablassleitung 18 vorgesehen sein, um die Verbindungsleitung 17 zu entlüften. Hierzu kann der Kolben 21.2 beispielsweise, wie in Fig. 2 gezeigt, mit einem Durchlass 22 versehen sein, und der Zylinder 20.2 mit einer Austrittsöffnung, die gegen Innen in der unteren Stellung des Kolbens in den Durchlass 20 mündet, und die gegen Aussen mit der Drossel 18a verbunden ist. Sobald der Brennstoffdruck absinkt, schliesst zuerst die Ventilnadel 6, anschliessend wird der Kolben 21.1, 21.2 durch die Feder 23 und den steigenden Druck im Verbrennungsraum in die obere Position verschoben, wodurch Brennstoff aus dem Durchlass in den Zylinder gesaugt und/oder gepresst wird. Der Kolben verbleibt bis zu nächsten Ansteigen des Brennstoffdrucks, d.h. bis zum nächsten Einspritzvorgangs in der oberen Position. Bei Bedarf kann am Zylinder eine weitere Austrittsöffnung vorgesehen sein, die mit der Ablassleitung 18 verbunden ist, um angesaugten beziehungsweise aufgenommenen Brennstoff aus dem Zylinder abzulassen.In an advantageous embodiment, the piston moves 21.1, 21.2 with increasing fuel pressure, but still closed valve needle, down, thereby optionally fuel from the cylinder is pressed into the passage. When the valve needle is open, the piston remains due to the different diameter in the upper and lower portion and due to the pressure drop in the valve seat 7 in the lower position. In this position, a connection to the drain line 18 can be provided via a throttle 18a in order to vent the connecting line 17. For this purpose, the piston 21.2, for example, as in Fig. 2 shown, with a passage 22 may be provided, and the cylinder 20.2 with an outlet opening, which opens into the inside in the lower position of the piston in the passage 20, and which is connected to the outside with the throttle 18a. As soon as the fuel pressure drops, first the valve needle 6 closes, then the piston 21.1, 21.2 is displaced into the upper position by the spring 23 and the increasing pressure in the combustion chamber, whereby fuel is sucked and / or pressed from the passage into the cylinder. The piston remains until the next increase in fuel pressure, that is, until the next injection event in the upper position. If desired, a further outlet opening may be provided on the cylinder, which is connected to the discharge line 18 to discharge sucked or received fuel from the cylinder.

Fig. 3 zeigt eine schematische Darstellung eines dritten Ausführungsbeispiels einer Einspritzdüse 10 gemäss vorliegender Erfindung. Die Einspritzdüse 10 enthält einen Düsenkörper 2 und einen mit diesem verbundenen Düsenkopf 3, der eine oder mehrere Düsenöffnungen 4.1, 4.2 aufweist, um Brennstoff in einen Verbrennungsraum des Dieselmotors einzuspritzen. Weiter enthält die Einspritzdüse ein Einspritzventil, das eine im Innern des Düsenkörpers 2 angeordnete Ventilnadel 6 und einen Ventilsitz 7 umfasst, der über einen im Düsenkörper und Düsenkopf ausgebildeten Durchlass 5.1, 5.2 mit den Düsenöffnungen 4.1, 4.2 verbunden ist, und der mit der Ventilnadel 6 zusammenwirkt, um die Brennstoffzufuhr zu den Düsenöffnungen zu steuern. Die Einspritzdüse des Ausführungsbeispiels umfasst zusätzlich eine Vorrichtung 18, 18a, 19, 19a, 20 zum Entleeren des Durchlasses 5.1, 5.2 und eine an dieselbe angeschlossene Leitung 17, die mit dem Durchlass in Verbindung steht, um diesen bei geschlossenem Einspritzventil zu entleeren. Fig. 3 shows a schematic representation of a third embodiment of an injection nozzle 10 according to the present invention. The injection nozzle 10 includes a nozzle body 2 and a nozzle head 3 connected thereto which has one or more nozzle openings 4.1, 4.2 in order to inject fuel into a combustion chamber of the diesel engine. Furthermore, the injection nozzle contains an injection valve which comprises a valve needle 6 arranged in the interior of the nozzle body 2 and a valve seat 7 which is connected to the nozzle openings 4.1, 4.2 via a passage 5.1, 5.2 formed in the nozzle body and nozzle head, and the valve needle 6 cooperates to control the fuel supply to the nozzle openings. The injection nozzle of the embodiment additionally comprises a device 18, 18a, 19, 19a, 20 for emptying the passage 5.1, 5.2 and connected to the same line 17 which communicates with the passage in order to empty it when the injection valve is closed.

In einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform umfasst die Vorrichtung zum Entleeren eine Ablassleitung 18, die mit der mit dem Durchlass 5.1, 5.2 in Verbindung stehenden Leitung 17 koppelbar ist, um den Brennstoff im Durchlass über die beiden Leitungen abzulassen, und insbesondere mit Hilfe des im Verbrennungsraum vorhandenen Überdruckes abzulassen.In an advantageous embodiment, the device for emptying comprises a drain line 18 which can be coupled to the line 17 communicating with the passage 5.1, 5.2, in order to discharge the fuel in the passage via the two lines, and in particular by means of the overpressure present in the combustion chamber drain.

In einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsvariante umfasst die Vorrichtung zum Entleeren einen Steuerschieber 20, der beispielsweise mittels eines Elektromagneten betätigt werden kann, und der zum Beispiel zwischen der mit dem Durchlass 5.1, 5.2 in Verbindung stehenden Leitung 17 und der Ablassleitung 18 angeordnet sein kann, um den Brennstoff im Durchlass mit Hilfe des im Verbrennungsraum vorhandenen Überdrucks abzulassen. Der Steuerschieber 20 kann bei Bedarf einen beweglichen Schieber 21 und/oder eine Rückstellfeder enthalten. Fallweise kann das Steuerventil 20 in oder an der Einspritzdüse 10 angeordnet sein.In an advantageous embodiment variant, the device for emptying comprises a control slide 20, which can be actuated, for example, by means of an electromagnet, and which can be arranged, for example, between the line 17 communicating with the passage 5.1, 5.2 and the drain line 18 to the fuel in the passage with the help of existing in the combustion chamber overpressure. The spool 20 may, if necessary, include a movable slide 21 and / or a return spring. In some cases, the control valve 20 may be arranged in or on the injection nozzle 10.

Durch Bewegen des Schiebers 21 ist es zum Beispiel möglich, kurzzeitig eine Verbindung zwischen dem Durchlass 5.1, 5.2 und der Ablassleitung 18 herzustellen, wodurch Brennstoff aus dem Durchlass in die Ablassleitung gelangen kann. Zu Beginn des Einspritzvorgangs bleibt dies ohne Folgen, da der Druck in der Ablassleitung etwa dem Druck im Verbrennungsraum entspricht. Bei Beendigung des Einspritzvorgangs ist der Druck im Verbrennungsraum beziehungsweise im Durchlass höher, wodurch im Durchlass eingeschlossener Brennstoff in die Ablassleitung 18 gefördert wird.By moving the slider 21, it is possible, for example, to temporarily establish a connection between the passage 5.1, 5.2 and the drain line 18, whereby fuel can pass from the passage into the drain line. At the beginning of the injection process, this remains without consequences, since the pressure in the discharge line corresponds approximately to the pressure in the combustion chamber. At the end of the injection process, the pressure in the combustion space or in the passage is higher, whereby fuel trapped in the passage is conveyed into the discharge line 18.

Unabhängig von der oben beschriebenen Ausführungsform und -variante kann die Einspritzdüse bei Bedarf zusätzlich einen ersten Kolben 8.1, der zum Beispiel in einer ersten Zylinderbohrung im Düsenkörper 2 beweglich angeordnet ist, und der mit der Ventilnadel 6 in Wirkverbindung steht oder verbunden ist, und einen zweiten Kolben 8.2 umfassen, der zum Beispiel in einer zweiten Zylinderbohrung im Düsenkörper 2 beweglich angeordnet ist, und der mit dem ersten in Wirkverbindung steht oder verbunden ist, um das Öffnen und Schliessen des Einspritzventils mit den beiden Kolben zu steuern. Typischerweise ist der Durchmesser des zweiten Kolbens grösser als der Durchmesser des ersten. Der erste Kolben 8.1 kann beispielsweise über eine Brennstoffzuführung 12 des Einspritzventils mit dem Druck des zugeführten Brennstoffs beaufschlagt werden, und der zweite Kolben 8.2 kann beispielsweise über eine Drossel 12a mit einer Brennstoffzuführung 12' der Einspritzdüse verbunden sein. Vorteilhafterweise ist auch die Brennstoffzuführung 12 des Einspritzventils mit der Brennstoffzuführung 12' der Einspritzdüse verbunden. Typischerweise wird der auf den zweiten Kolben wirkende Brennstoffdruck gesteuert, indem zum Beispiel Brennstoff, mit dem der zweiten Kolben beaufschlagt ist, über den Steuerschieber 20 in eine Leckölleitung 13 abgelassen wird. Der Durchfluss kann dabei durch die Drossel 12a begrenzt werden.Regardless of the above-described embodiment and variant, the injector can if necessary additionally a first piston 8.1, which is movably arranged, for example, in a first cylinder bore in the nozzle body 2, and which is in operative connection with the valve needle 6 or connected, and a second Pistons comprise 8.2, for example, which is movably disposed in a second cylinder bore in the nozzle body 2, and which is in operative connection with the first or is connected to control the opening and closing of the injection valve with the two pistons. Typically, the diameter of the second piston is greater than the diameter of the first. The first piston 8.1, for example, via a fuel supply 12 of the injection valve with the pressure of the supplied Fuel can be acted upon, and the second piston 8.2 may be connected, for example via a throttle 12a with a fuel supply 12 'of the injection nozzle. Advantageously, the fuel supply 12 of the injection valve is connected to the fuel supply 12 'of the injection nozzle. Typically, the fuel pressure acting on the second piston is controlled by, for example, venting fuel supplied to the second piston via the spool 20 into a drain line 13. The flow can be limited by the throttle 12a.

Bei Bedarf kann zur Druckentlastung im Bereich des ersten Kolbens 8.1 eine Druckentspannungsleitung vorgesehen sein, die mit der Leckölleitung 13 verbunden ist. Um bei abgestelltem Motor eine Mindestschliesskraft auf die Ventilnadel 6 auszuüben, kann, wie bei herkömmlichen Einspritzventilen, eine Druckfeder vorgesehen sein, die in Fig. 3 nicht eingezeichnet ist, und die wesentlich schwächer und platzsparender ausgelegt werden kann als bei herkömmlichen Einspritzventilen. Die Vorspannung der Druckfeder muss nicht einstellbar sein, da der Einfluss auf den Öffnungsdruck des Einspritzventils gering ist.If required, a pressure relief line can be provided for pressure relief in the region of the first piston 8.1, which is connected to the drain line 13. In order to exert a minimum closing force on the valve needle 6 when the engine is switched off, as with conventional injectors, a compression spring may be provided which, in Fig. 3 is not shown, and can be interpreted much weaker and space-saving than conventional injectors. The bias of the compression spring need not be adjustable, since the influence on the opening pressure of the injection valve is low.

Die Schliesskraft der Ventilnadel 6 kann beispielsweise durch den Brennstoffdruck und gegebenenfalls durch die Vorspannung der Druckfeder erzeugt werden. Das Einspritzventil wird geöffnet, sobald der Steuerschieber 20 den auf den zweiten Kolben 8.2 wirkenden Brennstoffdruck vermindert und die Kraftwirkung des Brennstoffdrucks auf den ersten Kolben 8.1 die Kraftwirkungen des verminderten Brennstoffdrucks auf den zweiten Kolben und gegebenenfalls der Druckfeder übersteigt. Durch Schliessen des Steuerschiebers 20 wird die auf den zweiten Kolben 8.2 wirkende Druckverminderung aufgehoben und das Einspritzventil geschlossen. Beim Umsteuern des Steuerschiebers ist es dabei möglich, kurzzeitig eine Verbindung zwischen dem Durchlass 5.1, 5.2 und der Ablassleitung 18 herzustellen, wodurch nach dem Schliessen der Ventilnadel Brennstoff aus dem Durchlass in die Ablassleitung gefördert werden kann.The closing force of the valve needle 6 can be generated for example by the fuel pressure and possibly by the bias of the compression spring. The injection valve is opened as soon as the spool 20 reduces the fuel pressure acting on the second piston 8.2 and the force effect of the fuel pressure on the first piston 8.1 exceeds the force effects of the reduced fuel pressure on the second piston and optionally the compression spring. By closing the spool valve 20, the pressure reduction acting on the second piston 8.2 is released and the injection valve is closed. When reversing the spool, it is possible to temporarily establish a connection between the passage 5.1, 5.2 and the drain line 18, whereby after closing the valve needle fuel from the passage can be promoted in the drain line.

Die Vorrichtung zum Entleeren des Durchlasses kann bei sämtlichen Ausführungsformen und -varianten mit Ablassleitung eine Trennvorrichtung, wie zum Beispiel einen Trennbehälter 18a, umfassen, um Abgase von dem aus dem Durchlass stammenden Brennstoff abzutrennen und diesen bei Bedarf zurückzugewinnen. Die Trennvorrichtung kann dabei zum Beispiel vor der Ablassleitung 18 angeordnet oder in diese eingefügt sein. Vorteilhafterweise ist die Trennvorrichtung, wie in Fig. 3 gezeigt, mit einer Abgasleitung 19 verbunden, um die abgetrennten Abgase abzuführen. Bei Bedarf kann eine Drossel 19a in der Abgasleitung oder ein Regler vorgesehen sein, um den Druck in der Trennvorrichtung einzustellen.The device for emptying the passage can, in all embodiments and variants with a discharge line, comprise a separating device, such as a separation tank 18a, for separating off exhaust gases from the fuel from the passage and recovering them as needed. The separation device can be arranged, for example, in front of the discharge line 18 or inserted into this. Advantageously, the separating device, as in Fig. 3 shown connected to an exhaust pipe 19 to discharge the separated exhaust gases. If necessary, a throttle 19a may be provided in the exhaust pipe or a regulator to adjust the pressure in the separator.

Dank der Vorrichtung zum Entleeren des zwischen Ventilsitz und Düsenöffnungen gelegenen Durchlasses in der oben beschriebenen Einspritzdüse kann der Durchlass bei geschlossenem Einspritzventil entleert und ein Nachtropfen des Brennstoffs vermieden werden. Dadurch kann die Russemission des Dieselmotors verringert werden.Thanks to the device for emptying the located between the valve seat and the nozzle openings passage in the injector described above, the passage can be emptied with the injector closed and dripping of the fuel can be avoided. As a result, the soot emission of the diesel engine can be reduced.

Claims (10)

  1. An injection nozzle for the injection of fuel in a diesel engine, in particular a two-stroke large diesel engine, with a nozzle body (2), a nozzle head connected to it and having one or more nozzle openings (4.1, 4.2), in order to inject fuel into a combustion space of the diesel engine, and also with an injection valve, which includes a valve needle (6) arranged inside the nozzle body (2) and a valve seat (7), which is connected to the nozzle openings (4.1, 4.2) via a passage (5.1, 5.2) formed in the nozzle body and/or in the nozzle head and which cooperates with the valve needle (6), in order to control the fuel supply to the nozzle openings, characterised in that the injection nozzle additionally includes a device (15, 16, 18, 18a, 19, 19a, 20) for the emptying of the passage (5.1, 5.2) and a line (17) attached to the device and which communicates with the passage in order to empty it when the injection nozzle is closed.
  2. An injection nozzle in accordance with claim 1, wherein the device for emptying includes a drain line (18) which can be coupled with the line (17) communicating with the passage, in order to drain fuel via the two lines.
  3. An injection nozzle in accordance with claim 2, wherein the device for emptying includes a slide valve (20) in order to drain the fuel in the passage (5.1, 5.2) with the help of the overpressure present in the combustion space.
  4. An injection nozzle in accordance with any one of the claims 1 to 3, wherein the device for emptying includes a cylinder with a piston, in order to receive the fuel from the passage (5.1, 5.2) and/or to drain it.
  5. An injection nozzle in accordance with claim 4, wherein the cylinder (20.1, 20.2) and the piston (21.1, 21.2) movably guided in it each have two sections with different diameters and wherein the cylinder is connected to a fuel supply line (12, 12') at the side with the larger diameter and at the opposite side to the line (17) connected to the passage and wherein in particular a spring (23) acting on the piston is provided in order to move this into a rest position at low fuel pressure or in the absence of fuel pressure.
  6. An injection nozzle in accordance with any one of the claims 2 to 5, wherein the device for emptying the passage additionally includes a separator (18a) to separate exhaust gases from the fuel originating from the passage.
  7. An injection nozzle in accordance with claim 1, wherein the device for emptying is formed as a blow out device (15, 16) to blow the fuel in the passage (5.1, 5.2) out through the nozzle openings (4.1, 4.2).
  8. An injection nozzle in accordance with claim 7, wherein the blow out device includes a compressed air reservoir (15) which can be supplied with compressed air via a compressed air supply (14) and/or a non-return valve (16) which can be coupled to the compressed air reservoir or the compressed air supply, and wherein the compressed air supply line (14) or the compressed air reservoir (15) or the non-return valve (16) can be additionally coupled to the line (17) communicating with the passage and wherein the blow out device in particular includes a slide valve (20) which can be actuated by means of the pressure of the supplied fuel in order to control the compressed air supply of the compressed air reservoir and/or the blowing out of the fuel.
  9. An injection nozzle in accordance with any one of the previous claims additionally including a first piston (8.1) which is in operative connection with the valve needle (6) and a second piston (8.2) which is in operative connection with the first one, in order to control the opening and closing of the injection nozzle with the two pistons.
  10. A diesel engine, in particular a two-stroke large diesel engine, with at least one injection nozzle in accordance with one of the claims 1 to 9.
EP08160784A 2007-08-31 2008-07-21 Injection nozzle for injecting fuel Not-in-force EP2031237B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP08160784A EP2031237B1 (en) 2007-08-31 2008-07-21 Injection nozzle for injecting fuel

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07115450 2007-08-31
EP08160784A EP2031237B1 (en) 2007-08-31 2008-07-21 Injection nozzle for injecting fuel

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2031237A1 EP2031237A1 (en) 2009-03-04
EP2031237B1 true EP2031237B1 (en) 2010-09-29

Family

ID=39092796

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08160784A Not-in-force EP2031237B1 (en) 2007-08-31 2008-07-21 Injection nozzle for injecting fuel

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Country Link
EP (1) EP2031237B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2009057977A (en)
KR (1) KR20090023103A (en)
CN (1) CN101377181A (en)
AT (1) ATE483108T1 (en)
BR (1) BRPI0803370A2 (en)
DE (1) DE502008001427D1 (en)
DK (1) DK2031237T3 (en)
RU (1) RU2008135270A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102013002758B4 (en) * 2013-02-19 2020-03-19 Woodward L'orange Gmbh Flushing procedure for use with a fuel injector

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20090012056A (en) * 2007-07-27 2009-02-02 베르트질레 슈바이츠 악티엔게젤샤프트 An injection nozzle for fuel
DK201000309A (en) * 2010-04-15 2011-10-16 Man Diesel & Turbo Filial Tyskland A fuel valve for large two stroke diesel engines
CN206487579U (en) * 2017-01-18 2017-09-12 江苏易实精密科技股份有限公司 A kind of diesel oil high pressure fuel injection device guide sleeve
DE102017201275B8 (en) * 2017-01-26 2018-11-22 Erwin Junker Grinding Technology A.S. COMBUSTION ENGINE WITH FUEL INJECTION NOZZLE WITH ADDITIONAL INTRODUCTION OF A COMBUSTION MEDIA TO THE COMBUSTION ENGINE
WO2023182905A1 (en) * 2022-03-19 2023-09-28 Антон Васильевич ГОЛУБЕВ Single-plunger nozzle

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4130351A1 (en) * 1991-09-12 1993-03-18 Bosch Gmbh Robert DEVICE FOR INJECTING A FUEL-GAS MIXTURE
DK167502B1 (en) 1991-10-04 1993-11-08 Man B & W Diesel Gmbh FUEL ENGINE FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES
DE19815918A1 (en) * 1998-04-09 1999-10-21 Man B & W Diesel As Fuel injector
DK1566539T3 (en) * 2004-02-23 2009-04-14 Waertsilae Nsd Schweiz Ag Fuel injection nozzle

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102013002758B4 (en) * 2013-02-19 2020-03-19 Woodward L'orange Gmbh Flushing procedure for use with a fuel injector

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE502008001427D1 (en) 2010-11-11
DK2031237T3 (en) 2011-01-10
RU2008135270A (en) 2010-03-10
JP2009057977A (en) 2009-03-19
KR20090023103A (en) 2009-03-04
CN101377181A (en) 2009-03-04
EP2031237A1 (en) 2009-03-04
ATE483108T1 (en) 2010-10-15
BRPI0803370A2 (en) 2009-05-05

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