EP2030692B1 - Reject material grinder - Google Patents

Abstract

The grinder has a rotor equipped with knifes and a stator body (3) arranged at a side of a stator. A cutter (5) is translationally adjustable away from a direction of the rotor by using a adjusting unit (11) that is provided in the direction of the rotor. The adjusting unit is designed as jackscrew drive with a thrust and tight connecting spindle that stays in connection with the cutter. The spindle is supported in the stator body and sits on a lock nut for translational movement of the spindle, where the nut is supported at the stator body.

Description

The invention relates to a coarse shredder comprising a rotor fitted with knives and a stator body arranged with at least one adjustable by means of an adjusting device by the adjusting device in the direction of the rotor and in the direction away from the rotor, the adjusting device via a translationally movable relative to the rotor Setting slide and an actuating device for moving the carriage in the direction of the rotor towards and away from the rotor has and the knife is kinematically coupled to a movement of the carriage and the knife by means of one or more, positively against the. Setting slide and the knife detachably connectable coupling members is connected to the adjusting slide.

Coarse shredders, which are designed, for example, as granulators, have a rotor equipped with knives. These are so-called chopping knives, typically several chopping knives are arranged one behind the other in the direction of rotation of the rotor. The knife arrangement of the rotor extends substantially over the entire longitudinal extent thereof. In a crushing operation, the rotor blades act together with the blades of a stator body. The stator is opposite the Rotational movement of the rotor held stationary. The stator body carries one or more, arranged in a row parallel to the lateral surface of the rotor blades, which are typically formed in such shredders as a cutter bar. The pointing against the direction of rotation of the rotor edge of such a knife serves as a cutting edge and acts in a crushing operation with the rotor blades for crushing the supplied goods together. In the course of a comminution operation of such a coarse shredder occurs in the knives and especially in the or the stator knives wear with the result that increases the kerf between the rotor blades and the or the stator knives. The wear on the or the stator knives is greater than in the rotor knives, since typically several are arranged in the rotational direction of the rotor one behind the rotor blades and thus one and the same stator knives represents the stator blades for several rotor blades. Therefore, coarse shredders have been developed which have a stator body, the blades of which can be readjusted by means of an adjusting device translationally in the direction of the rotor for compensating a cutting gap which increases in a comminuting operation. A generic Grobstoffzerkleinerer is from the US B1-6,565,026 known.

Previously known stator bodies with translationally adjustable knives have an adjusting device which acts directly on the knives. By means of the adjusting device, for example an adjusting spindle, the knife or knives can be moved in the direction of the rotor to compensate for the wear-increasing incision gap. Such a knife rebuild is typically done manually. When adjusting the or the stator knives, special care must be taken to ensure that the stator knives or knives are not moved too far in the direction of the rotor, otherwise rotation of the rotor would be blocked. If such a knife has been moved too far in the direction of the lateral surface of the rotor, it is necessary to open the entire knife holder, to move the adjusting device back, so that subsequently a knife adjustment can be carried out starting from an excessively wide cutting gap. This is expensive.

Out DE 20 2005 013 719 1 a Statorverstelleinrichtung is described for a crusher, in which the stator blade can be moved in translational direction to the rotor and away from it. This Statorverstelleinrichtung has a pressure and lag screw, a lever and an adjusting screw. The pressure and lag screw is connected with a connector, which in turn produces the positive connection to the stator blade via screws. The adjusting screw acts on the tension and compression screw by means of the integrated lever in a housing. This makes it possible to adjust the stator blade without loosening the preload on the blade. Although this known crusher has a Statorverstelleinrichtung, with the stator blade to the rotor and can be moved away from the rotor and therefore a Statormessereinstellung is basically simplified, but changing a blade wear of the same is complicated, especially time consuming. In addition, the knives for fixing the same must have corresponding slots through which grip the mounting screws.

Based on this discussed prior art, the invention is therefore based on the object of further developing such a coarse shredder that while maintaining a possible in two directions stator blade adjustment not only simplifies the design of the knife but also a change of the same is simplified.

This object is achieved by a generic Grobstoffzerkleinerer mentioned above, which is characterized in that a coupling member has two spaced apart and connected by a web coupling pin and the adjusting slide and the knife for connecting a coupling member each having a pin receiving.

This coarse shredder has an adjusting device, which comprises a translatory relative to the rotor movable carriage and an actuator for moving the carriage. The adjusting slide is translationally movable by the actuating device in the direction of the rotor and in the direction away from the rotor. The knife in turn is kinematically coupled to a movement of the carriage. In this embodiment, the motion conversion of a typically rotationally driven actuator in the translational movement direction to readjust the blade via the adjusting carriage takes place. This has the advantage that the adjustable with such an adjusting device knife can have a very simple geometry. Finally, the knife is a wearing part, which must be replaced according to its wear. Not replaced However, in the context of a knife change, the adjusting carriage needs. Therefore, the knives for such a Grobstoffzerkleinerer are also inexpensive to manufacture.

The movement coupling of the knife to the adjusting carriage is carried out according to a preferred embodiment by two movement-transmitting mechanisms. To move the knife in the direction of the rotor, a thrust movement transmission of the carriage takes place on the knife by juxtaposition of two mutually facing shelves, one of which is assigned to the carriage and the other the knife. Thus, such a motion transmission takes place by an immediate pushing movement. For connecting the knife to the adjusting slide for exerting a pulling movement and thus away from the rotor directed translational movement of the knife one or more coupling members are used as a motion-transmitting element or movement-transmitting elements, which are connected to the adjusting carriage. These coupling members are detachably connected to the components to be joined together of the crusher - the adjusting slide and the knife - connectable. By such coupling members can in principle also a pushing movement of the adjusting slide are transmitted to the knife. In such an embodiment, however, the coupling members would also have to be absorbed by the blow directed away from the rotor during operation of the coarse shredder via the knife in the translatory direction of the knife. Such blows can be better absorbed when the knife with its back directly adjoins a footprint of the carriage. For this reason, the coupling members need only have such a stability that they are suitable for retracting the knife. To protect the coupling members they may, if the adjusting slide with its footprint adjacent to the footprint of the knife, have a certain play in the coupling. However, this is irrelevant to the knife setting.

The coupling members may for example be formed by two spaced-apart and connected by a web coupling pin. In such an embodiment, the adjusting slide and the knife for connecting a coupling member each have a pin receiving. Such a coupling member can be readily used and released again. As a result, the effort that is necessary in the course of a blade change or in the course of a blade rotation is reduced to a minimum.

In order to be able to use both edges of such a cutter bar facing the rotor, it is provided according to an exemplary embodiment that the pin receivers of the knife are designed as through holes. These are not only simple to manufacture, but then readily allow turning of such a knife.

Typically, a stator body has a plurality of such knives and a corresponding number of actuators, each knife an adjusting device is assigned. Of course, it is also possible to provide an adjusting device in order to be able to adjust several knives.

Fig. 1:

eine stark schematisierte Seitenansicht eines Grobstoffzerkleinerers,

Fig. 2:

eine perspektivische, zum Teil geschnittene Darstellung des Statorkörpers des Grobstoffzerkleinerers der Figur 1,

Fig. 3:

eine Darstellung des Statorkörpers des Grobstoffzerkleinerers der Figur 2 in einer perspektivischen Darstellung nach Art einer Teil-Explosionsdarstellung,

Fig. 4:

in einer vergrößerten Darstellung ein Kupplungsglied der Figur 3 und

Fig. 5:

eine perspektivische Darstellung des Statorkörper in einer anderen Schnittebene.

The invention is described below with reference to an embodiment with reference to the accompanying figures. Show it:

Fig. 1:

a highly schematic side view of a coarse shredder,

Fig. 2:

a perspective, partially sectional view of the stator of the coarse shredder of FIG. 1 .

3:

a representation of the stator of the coarse shredder of FIG. 2 in a perspective view in the manner of a partial exploded view,

4:

in an enlarged view, a coupling member of FIG. 3 and

Fig. 5:

a perspective view of the stator in another sectional plane.

A coarse shredder 1 is in FIG. 1 schematized shown in the scope of its rotor 2 and its stator body 3. Not shown are all other elements, such as the frame in which the rotor 2 is mounted and on which the stator 3 is held. The rotor 2 carries a plurality of knives 4, wherein in the illustrated embodiment in each case six in the circumferential direction with the same angular distance from each other arranged knife 4 are arranged one behind the other. The stator body 3 itself is below the FIGS. 2 to 5 described in more detail.

The stator body 3 is pivotally arranged in a manner not shown. FIG. 1 shows the stator in its position in a crushing operation. The pivotable arrangement of the stator body is designed to be in the in FIG. 1 shown arrow direction can pivot when in the kerf S a non-crushable Contaminant is drawn. In such a case, the stator body 3 pivots counterclockwise with its stator blade, with the result that the cutting gap S is increased. This serves the purpose of avoiding damage to a contaminant entry. The pivoting of the stator body 3 is torque-dependent. The stator body 3 pivots when exceeding a certain, acting on its knife 5 torque.

The stator body 3 carries as out FIG. 2 can be seen, a plurality of parallel to the lateral surface of the rotor 2 arranged knives 5. These knives 5 are cutter bar. For interacting with the knives 4 of the rotor 2 is used in each case the upwardly facing edge 6 of a stator blade. 5

The stator body 3 itself comprises in the illustrated embodiment, an angularly shaped base body 7, the top 8 represents the contact surface for the knife 5. The front, facing the rotor 2 side of the body 7 is protected by a wear protection bracket 9. This consists of a particularly resistant material. The base body 7 carries on its side facing away from the knife 5 side a retaining strip 10th

For adjusting the rotor blade 5 with respect to the kerf S, an adjusting device 11 is used, which has a positioning carriage 12 and an actuating device 13. The adjusting carriage 12 is translationally displaceable on the serving as a footprint top 8 of the body 7 in the direction indicated by the double arrow directions. This movement is directed in one direction towards the rotor 2 and in the other direction away from the rotor 2. The actuator 13 is used to move the carriage 12 in these directions. In the illustrated embodiment, the actuator 13 is designed as a spindle drive, as this below to the Figures 3 and 5 is described. Each stator blade 5 is assigned an adjusting device 11 with a positioning carriage 12. At the adjusting carriage 12, the stator blade 5 via two coupling members 14, of which in FIG. 2 one is recognizable, connected. In the in FIG. 2 shown use position of the stator 3 is the knife 5 facing side 15 of the carriage 12 on the back 16 of the knife 5 at. Both surfaces 15, 16 lie flat against each other. In this way, a movement of the adjusting carriage 12 in the direction of the rotor 2 is transmitted as a pushing movement on the stator blade 5. Consequently, in such an adjustment, the blade 5 is displaced in the direction of the rotor 2 or its knives 4. For moving the blade 5 in the opposite direction and thus away from the rotor 2, serve the coupling members 14, by the knife 5 is coupled to the adjusting slide 12 tensile strength. By corresponding actuation of the actuator 13 in one or the other direction, an adjustment of the blade 5 in translational direction for adjusting the cutting gap S. The knives 5 are fixed by a respective pressure plate 17, which in the illustrated embodiment only on the front region of each Knife 5 works. Each pressure plate 17 has a recess for the coupling members 14 on the underside. Pressure is exerted on the blades 5 is achieved in that the pressure plate 17 is supported with its front end on the stator blade 5 and with its rear end on a shoulder 19 of the retaining strip 10. Thus, the pressure plates 17 are held in the manner of a two-point storage and jam the parking carriage 12 is basically not. In order that the pressure plates 17 remain fixed in position as a whole when the respective stator blade 5 is loosened, two dowel pins 20 introduced into the shoulder 19 of the retaining strip 10 are provided, which engage in the underside of each pressure plate 17. In this position, the pressure plate 17 is supported on the back of the retaining strip 10.

The spindle drive 13 has a stationary, the retaining strip 10 by cross-spindle 21 which protrudes with a threaded portion 22 from the retaining strip 10 in the direction of the rotor-side termination of the base body 7. This threaded portion 22 is screwed into the back of the carriage 12. The spindle drive further comprises a spindle nut 24 arranged in a bearing housing 23 (cf. FIG. 5 ), which is supported with the interposition of a pressure and sliding bearing on the back of the retaining strip 10. Outside the bearing housing 23 24 key surfaces 25 are formed on the spindle nut. Thus, the spindle drive 13 can be actuated by means of the spindle nut 23. This leads to a translational movement of the spindle 21. With a lock nut 26, the spindle nut 24 is set after setting the cutting gap S. Formed on the lock nut 24 is a capsule tube 27 in which the over the lock nut 26 beyond section of the spindle 21 is received (see also FIG. 5 ).

To support the rear of the carriage 12 serve each carriage two pressure screws 28, which are supported with their feet 29 on the back of the carriage 12. Each pressure screw 28 passes through the retaining strip 10 and a threaded plate 30 which is inserted into a recess of the retaining strip 10. A locknut 31 is used to fix each set pressure screw 28. After adjusting the kerf S by operating the spindle drive 13, in which movement of the carriage 12 has been moved in the direction of the retaining strip 10 and towards the rotor 2, the pressure screws 28 adjusted accordingly to achieve the desired rear support of the carriage 12.

The knife 5 and the adjusting slide 12 each have a pin receptacle 32 and 33, which are each formed as a sweeping holes. The pin receivers 32, 33 serve to receive in each case a coupling pin 34 or 35 of a coupling member 14. A coupling member 14 is shown in an enlarged view in FIG FIG. 4 shown. The two coupling pins 34, 35 are connected to each other by means of a web 36. The web 36 is formed so that it can be transmitted via this primarily a train of the adjusting carriage 12 on the knife 5. The coupling pins 34, 35 have a circular cross-sectional area and fit with play in the pin receivers 32 and 33, respectively. The distance of the pin receivers 32, 33 or the coupling pins 34, 35 to each other is provided such that in a pushing operation of the spindle drive 13 of the adjusting carriage 12 rests with its pointing to the blade 5 footprint 15 at the back of the blade 5. This game allows easy release and insertion of the coupling members 14 for kinematic connection of a knife 5 to a translational movement of the carriage.

Are the coupling members 14 with their coupling pins 34, 35 in the Inserted pin receptacles 32, 33, the webs 36 lie with its underside on the top of the carriage 12 and the knife 5, as in FIG. 2 shown on. The pressure plates 17 carry at a corresponding point in the direction of movement of the carriage 12 and the knife 5 extending recess in which the coupling members 14 are movable in the direction of movement of the blade 5. The clear width of these introduced into the bottom of the pressure plates 17 guides corresponds to the width of the webs 36 of the coupling members 14 and are slightly larger in order to ensure the desired mobility of the coupling members 14 in the recesses. This quite precise engagement of the coupling members 14 in the corresponding guides of the pressure plates 17 is used for additional fixing of the pressure plates 17 in the case of acting on the stator blade 5 shocks. The adjusting carriage 12 has recesses on the underside, so that passport springs P are guided in a corresponding manner, as the coupling members 14 engage in the underside of the pressure plate 17. By this measure, which are supported with its rear end on the retaining strip 10 supporting pressure plates 17 in the transverse direction positively and supported.

Since the adjusting carriage 12 is connected to the spindle drive 13 in a push-pull and tension-resistant manner and due to the above-described kinematic coupling of the blade 5 to the adjusting carriage 12, the blade 5 can be moved away from the rotor 2 in the direction of the rotor 2 by means of the spindle drive 13. As a result, a cutting splitting device is particularly easy to perform.

Likewise, in the case of the above-described stator body 3, a blade change can be carried out with a few simple steps. After the pressure plate 17 is removed, the two coupling members 14 are taken out of their position connecting the carriage 12 with the knife 5 position. Subsequently, the knife 5 can be easily removed or turned. An assembly takes place in reverse order. In a knife adjustment, it is only necessary that the pressure plate 17 is slightly loosened to release the jaw acting on the knife 5, and only to the extent that by means of the spindle drive 12, the knife 5 can be moved translationally in one or the other direction. After adjusting the cutting gap S, the pressure plate 17 redefined.

In an embodiment, not shown in the figures, the stator blade is directly connected to a spindle drive, as in the FIGS. 2 to 5 described, connected. Thus, this acts in such an embodiment, the adjusting device without the interposition of a carriage on the knife. Also, this knife is due to its connection to the spindle drive in translational direction towards the rotor and away from the rotor movable.

From the description of the embodiments it is clear that with a single actuator the blade can be moved towards the rotor and away from the rotor.

In the above embodiments, only individual embodiments are shown. However, these are but a few of many ways to realize the invention.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 Grobstoffzerkleinerer 31 locknut 2 rotor 32 pin receiver 3 stator 33 pin receiver 4 knife 34 kingpin 5 Stator 35 kingpin 6 edge 36 web 7 body 8th top P Adjusting spring 9 Wear protection angle S kerf 10 retaining strip 11 adjustment 12 stop slide 13 Actuator, spindle drive 14 coupling member 15 footprint 16 back 17 printing plate 18 studs 19 paragraph 20 dowel 21 spindle 22 threaded portion 23 bearing housing 24 spindle nut 25 key area 26 locknut 27 capsule tube 28 pressure screw 29 foot 30 threaded plate

Claims (7)

1. A coarse material comminuting device comprising a rotor (2) equipped with blades (4) and a stator body (3) arranged on the stator side with at least one blade (5) that can be adjusted toward the rotor (2) and away from the rotor (2) using a final controller (11), translationally through the final controller (11), wherein the final controller (11) has a positioning carriage (12) that can be translationally moved relative to the rotor (2) and an actuating device (13) for moving the positioning carriage (12) toward the rotor (2) and away from the rotor (2), and the blade (5) is coupled kinematically to a motion of the positioning carriage (12), and the blade (5) is connected to the positioning carriage (11) by one or more coupling elements (14) that can be detachably connected in a positive manner to the positioning carriage (12) and the blade (5), characterized in that a coupling element (14) has two coupling journals (34, 35) spaced apart from each other and joined by a web (36), and the positioning carriage (12) and the blade (5) each have a journal receptacle (32, 33) for connecting a coupling element (14).
2. The coarse material comminuting device according to claim 1, characterized in that the journal receptacles (32, 33) of the blade (5) are continuous boreholes.
3. The coarse material comminuting device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the stator body (3) has one or more adjustment springs (P) on its moving surface (8) for guiding a positioning carriage (12), which engage complementarily designed guiding grooves in the positioning carriage (12).
4. The coarse material comminuting device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the coupling elements (14) with their web (36) lie on the upper side of the positioning carriage (12) or the blade (5), and a pressure plate (17) is provided to fix the blade (5) in place, wherein the bottom of the pressure plate (17) has guiding grooves corresponding to the webs (36) of the coupling elements (14) for positively fixing the pressure plate (17) in the transverse direction to the direction of movement of the positioning carriage.
5. The coarse material comminuting device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the stator body (3) has allocated to it one or more adjustable pressure screws (28), the screw base (29) of which is supported against the side of the positioning carriage (12) pointing away from the blade (5).
6. The coarse material comminuting device according to claim 5, characterized in that the pressure screws (28) are mounted in a threaded plate (30) held in the stator body (3) and detachable from the latter.
7. The coarse material comminuting device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the stator body (3) has several blades (5) arranged in series parallel to the jacket surface of the rotor (2), along with a corresponding number of final controllers (11).

Images