EP2001604B1 - Convertisseur électroacoustique - Google Patents

Convertisseur électroacoustique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2001604B1
EP2001604B1 EP07711877A EP07711877A EP2001604B1 EP 2001604 B1 EP2001604 B1 EP 2001604B1 EP 07711877 A EP07711877 A EP 07711877A EP 07711877 A EP07711877 A EP 07711877A EP 2001604 B1 EP2001604 B1 EP 2001604B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrode
ceramic
transducer
sections
gaps
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP07711877A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2001604A2 (fr
Inventor
Nils Theuerkauf
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Atlas Elektronik GmbH
Original Assignee
Atlas Elektronik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Atlas Elektronik GmbH filed Critical Atlas Elektronik GmbH
Publication of EP2001604A2 publication Critical patent/EP2001604A2/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2001604B1 publication Critical patent/EP2001604B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
    • B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
    • B06B1/06—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction
    • B06B1/0607—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using multiple elements
    • B06B1/0622—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using multiple elements on one surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
    • B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
    • B06B1/06—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction
    • B06B1/0607—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using multiple elements
    • B06B1/0622—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using multiple elements on one surface
    • B06B1/0625—Annular array

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electroacoustic transducer, in particular for underwater use, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a known electroacoustic or ultrasonic transducer ( DE 100 52 636 A1 ) comprises a composite or composite body having a plurality of piezoelectric or electrostrictive ceramic ceramic elements extending between the top and bottom of the body embedded in a plastic, eg, a polymer.
  • the upper and lower sides of the composite body are each covered with an electrode which contacts the end faces of the ceramic elements.
  • the ceramic elements have a columnar shape and are arranged like a matrix in rows and columns. By providing a slight disorder, the bandwidth of the converter can be increased.
  • Such a transducer has a directional characteristic which has relatively high, undesirable secondary levels.
  • a well known way of Composition of the transducer to a base is to integrally form the composites of all the transducers of a base and to occupy the common composite with individual electrodes formed as spaced-apart strips. In each case, a pair of strips arranged congruently on the upper and lower sides of the common transducer body covers a group of ceramic elements within the common composite body.
  • the invention has for its object to reduce the secondary level in the converter Richtcharakerizing in a converter of the type mentioned.
  • the electroacoustic transducer according to the invention has the advantage that an effective suppression of secondary levels is achieved by structuring the at least one electrode. Compared to a conventional transducer design, only minor additional costs are required for the electrode patterning, which, however, does not significantly contribute to the significant gain in the sub-level rejection of approximately 6-8 dB.
  • the converter according to the invention can be used everywhere where low-cost and low-cost converters are required.
  • a preferred field of application is therefore found in all underwater vehicles, which are designed as non-reusable disposable vehicles, such as the realization of a near-field sonar at a mine destruction drone.
  • the structuring of the electrode is realized in such a way that the electrode is divided into concentric electrode sections by a plurality of circumferential gaps, preferably annular gaps.
  • the subdivision is carried out in such a way that the electrode sections extending concentrically around the central electrode section have a radial gap width which decreases with increasing spacing of the individual electrode sections from the central electrode section. All electrode sections are electrically connected to each other.
  • Such structuring can be produced with minimal additional effort, for example by simply etching the circumferential gap from the electrode surface.
  • a circular electrode with annular gaps has not only a production-related, but also an acoustic advantage, since the side-level suppression achieved by the structuring is symmetrical in all directions, so that an equal reception and / or transmission characteristic of the transducer is given for all spatial directions.
  • electroacoustic transducer has a ceramic body 10, which consists of a so-called.
  • Composite ceramic and a pair of electrodes whose planar electrodes 11, 12 are arranged on mutually remote end faces 101, 102 of the ceramic body 10.
  • Fig. 6 schematically in perspective view as so-called.
  • 1-3 Composite sketched ceramic has in a known manner a plurality of ceramic rods 13 of piezoelectric or electrostrictive ceramic, which are embedded in a polymer 14.
  • the ceramic rods 13 extend between the two end faces 101 and 102 of the ceramic body 10 (FIG. Fig. 2 ) and are spaced apart in a matrix-like manner in rows and columns ( Fig. 6 ).
  • the exposed in the end faces 101 and 102 of the ceramic body 10 end faces of the ceramic rods 13 are contacted by the electrodes 11, 12, as in Fig. 2 you can see.
  • a modified 1-3 composite ceramic has much thinner ceramic filaments instead of ceramic rods.
  • the two planar electrodes 11, 12 of the electrode pair are each formed by a circular disk.
  • the two discs have the same outer diameter and are arranged on the mutually remote end faces 101 and 102 of the ceramic body 10 so that they are congruent.
  • the electrode 12 on the end face 102 of the ceramic body 10 is a circular solid disk
  • the electrode 11 is patterned on the end face 101 of the ceramic body 10. The structuring is performed in such a manner that the occupation density of the ceramic body 10 decreases radially from the inside to the outside.
  • Occupancy density is the ratio of the acoustically active body area to the acoustically inactive body area within a normal circle of defined small radius, the acoustically active body area being the area in which the ceramic material is in contact with the electrode material.
  • the normal circle on the body surface is shifted from the body center to the body edge and the ratio is formed in each case.
  • FIG Fig. 1 One way of structuring the electrode 11 is in FIG Fig. 1 shown.
  • the electrode 11 is made by a plurality of concentric annular gaps 15, which can be achieved for example by etching the electrode 11.
  • the concentric annular gaps 15 are designed with a radial width which increases with increasing radial distance of the annular gaps 15 from the disk center.
  • the electrode 11 is divided into separate electrode sections 11 1 to 11 11 , which, however, are electrically connected to each other and thus are at the same electrical potential.
  • the electrical connection is made by means of a radial web 16 of electrically conductive material extending over all the electrode sections 11 1 to 11 11 , starting from the central, circular electrode section 11 1 to the farthest, outer, annular one from the circular electrode section 11 1 Electrode portion 11 11 , and extends with each electrode portion 11 1 to 11 11 contacted.
  • the radial distance of the center lines of the concentric annular gaps 15 from each other is constant and also the radial distance between the center lines of the annular electrode sections 11 2 to 11 11 from each other.
  • Fig. 4 the directional characteristic of the electroacoustic transducer is shown in section.
  • the sectional plane of the directional characteristic is perpendicular to the page plane through the section line II - II.
  • Fig. 4 It can be seen that the secondary levels in the directional characteristic are pressed below -24 dB due to the structuring of the electrode 11.
  • electro-acoustic transducer is different from that in Fig. 1 imaged electroacoustic transducer only in that the radial web 16 for electrical connection of the electrode sections 11 1 to 11 11 in a plurality of web sections, here in three web section 161, 162 and 163, is divided.
  • the land portions 161 to 163 are arranged displaced by the same circumferential angle to each other, said first web portion 161 of the electrode portions 11 1 to 11 4, the second land portion 162, the electrode sections 11 5 to 11 7 and the third land portion 163, the electrode sections 11 8 to 11 11 connects electrically with each other. All web sections 161 to 163 are at the same electrical potential.
  • All web sections 161 to 163 are at the same electrical potential.
  • the circumferential angle by which the web portions 161 to 163 are shifted from each other 120 °.
  • it can be chosen arbitrarily as well as the number of web sections. With the staggered web sections can possibly be largely avoided by the only one web caused disturbances in the directional characteristic.
  • the electrode sections 11 1 to 11 11 can also be connected to each other by a wiring.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Convertisseur électroacoustique pour application sous-marine, comportant un corps (10) en céramique piézoélectrique ou électrostrictive et une paire d'électrodes, constitué de deux côtés frontaux (101, 102) du corps en céramique (10) opposés l'un à l'autre, d'électrodes plates (11, 12), desquelles au moins une est structurée de telle sorte que la densité d'occupation du corps en céramique (10) diminue du centre du corps vers le bord du corps, caractérisé en ce que la structuration est entreprise de telle sorte que l'électrode (11) soit divisée par une pluralité de fentes circonférentielles (15) en portions d'électrodes concentriques (111 à 1111) avec une largeur qui diminue à mesure que l'espacement des portions d'électrodes (111 à 1111) augmente par rapport à la portion d'électrode centrale (111), les fentes (15) présentent un espacement constant, rapporté à leur ligne médiane, les unes des autres et une largeur allant croissante vers le bord d'électrode, et les portions d'électrodes (111 à 1111) séparées par les fentes (15) sont reliées électriquement les unes aux autres.
  2. Convertisseur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la liaison électrique entre les portions d'électrodes (111 à 1111) est fabriquée au moyen d'un gradin (16) s'étendant de préférence radialement en un matériau électroconducteur, qui contacte toutes les portions d'électrodes (111 à 1111) .
  3. Convertisseur selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le gradin (16) est divisé en plusieurs portions de gradin (161, 162, 163) et les portions de gradin (161, 162, 163) sont disposées en décalage l'une contre l'autre à un angle circonférentiel au choix.
  4. Convertisseur selon une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que l'autre électrode (12) de la paire d'électrodes est réalisée avec des dimensions identiques et est disposée sur l'autre côté frontal (102) du corps en céramique (10) en chevauchement avec une des électrodes (11).
  5. Convertisseur selon une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les deux électrodes (11, 12) de la paire d'électrodes ont une structure identique et sont disposées en chevauchement l'une par rapport à l'autre sur les deux côtés frontaux (101, 102) du corps en céramique (10).
  6. Convertisseur selon une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que les électrodes (11, 12) ont une configuration circulaire et les fentes circonférentielles constituent des fentes annulaires (15).
  7. Convertisseur selon une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le corps en céramique (10) est constitué d'une céramique composite.
  8. Convertisseur selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que la céramique composite est une céramique 1-3, qui présente une pluralité de bâtonnets de céramique (13) ou de fils de céramique alignés parallèlement les uns aux autres, incorporés dans un polymère en espacement les uns des autres, dont les surfaces frontales peuvent être mises en contact sur les côtés frontaux opposés du corps en céramique (10) au moyen des électrodes (11, 12).
EP07711877A 2006-04-03 2007-03-09 Convertisseur électroacoustique Not-in-force EP2001604B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006015493A DE102006015493B4 (de) 2006-04-03 2006-04-03 Elektroakustischer Wandler
PCT/EP2007/002071 WO2007115625A2 (fr) 2006-04-03 2007-03-09 Convertisseur électroacoustique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2001604A2 EP2001604A2 (fr) 2008-12-17
EP2001604B1 true EP2001604B1 (fr) 2011-10-26

Family

ID=38474380

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07711877A Not-in-force EP2001604B1 (fr) 2006-04-03 2007-03-09 Convertisseur électroacoustique

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US7800284B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2001604B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE530263T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102006015493B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007115625A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB0723526D0 (en) * 2007-12-03 2008-01-09 Airbus Uk Ltd Acoustic transducer
DE102010042637A1 (de) * 2010-10-19 2012-04-19 Endress + Hauser Conducta Gesellschaft für Mess- und Regeltechnik GmbH + Co. KG Leitfähigkeitssensor
US9363605B2 (en) * 2011-01-18 2016-06-07 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Focused acoustic transducer
WO2018231770A1 (fr) 2017-06-12 2018-12-20 Verathon Inc. Modèle de contour actif utilisant un vecteur de gradient bidimensionnel pour la détection de limite d'organe

Family Cites Families (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2967956A (en) * 1955-04-19 1961-01-10 Gulton Ind Inc Transducer
US3384767A (en) * 1964-05-11 1968-05-21 Stanford Research Inst Ultrasonic transducer
EP0068961A3 (fr) * 1981-06-26 1983-02-02 Thomson-Csf Dispositif d'échauffement localisé de tissus biologiques
US4518889A (en) * 1982-09-22 1985-05-21 North American Philips Corporation Piezoelectric apodized ultrasound transducers
US4801835A (en) * 1986-10-06 1989-01-31 Hitachi Medical Corp. Ultrasonic probe using piezoelectric composite material
GB8912782D0 (en) * 1989-06-02 1989-07-19 Udi Group Ltd An acoustic transducer
US5081995A (en) * 1990-01-29 1992-01-21 Mayo Foundation For Medical Education And Research Ultrasonic nondiffracting transducer
US5250869A (en) * 1990-03-14 1993-10-05 Fujitsu Limited Ultrasonic transducer
US5465725A (en) * 1993-06-15 1995-11-14 Hewlett Packard Company Ultrasonic probe
DE4428500C2 (de) * 1993-09-23 2003-04-24 Siemens Ag Ultraschallwandlerarray mit einer reduzierten Anzahl von Wandlerelementen
US5563354A (en) * 1995-04-03 1996-10-08 Force Imaging Technologies, Inc. Large area sensing cell
US5794023A (en) * 1996-05-31 1998-08-11 International Business Machines Corporation Apparatus utilizing a variably diffractive radiation element
RU2161364C2 (ru) * 1996-06-05 2000-12-27 Окатов Юрий Владимирович Пьезоэлектрический шаговый двигатель
US6775388B1 (en) * 1998-07-16 2004-08-10 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Ultrasonic transducers
US6682214B1 (en) * 1999-09-21 2004-01-27 University Of Hawaii Acoustic wave micromixer using fresnel annular sector actuators
DE10052636B4 (de) 2000-10-24 2004-07-08 Atlas Elektronik Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Ultraschallwandlers
JP3832338B2 (ja) * 2001-12-25 2006-10-11 松下電工株式会社 電歪ポリマーアクチュエータ
US6984923B1 (en) * 2003-12-24 2006-01-10 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Broadband and wide field of view composite transducer array
DE102005032212B3 (de) * 2005-07-09 2006-10-19 Atlas Elektronik Gmbh Unterwasserantenne

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE530263T1 (de) 2011-11-15
US20090174288A1 (en) 2009-07-09
WO2007115625A3 (fr) 2008-04-03
DE102006015493A1 (de) 2007-10-11
WO2007115625B1 (fr) 2008-07-03
US7800284B2 (en) 2010-09-21
WO2007115625A2 (fr) 2007-10-18
EP2001604A2 (fr) 2008-12-17
DE102006015493B4 (de) 2010-12-23

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