EP2001604A2 - Convertisseur électroacoustique - Google Patents

Convertisseur électroacoustique

Info

Publication number
EP2001604A2
EP2001604A2 EP07711877A EP07711877A EP2001604A2 EP 2001604 A2 EP2001604 A2 EP 2001604A2 EP 07711877 A EP07711877 A EP 07711877A EP 07711877 A EP07711877 A EP 07711877A EP 2001604 A2 EP2001604 A2 EP 2001604A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrode
ceramic
transducer according
electrodes
ceramic body
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP07711877A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2001604B1 (fr
Inventor
Nils Theuerkauf
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Atlas Elektronik GmbH
Original Assignee
Atlas Elektronik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Atlas Elektronik GmbH filed Critical Atlas Elektronik GmbH
Publication of EP2001604A2 publication Critical patent/EP2001604A2/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2001604B1 publication Critical patent/EP2001604B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
    • B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
    • B06B1/06—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction
    • B06B1/0607—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using multiple elements
    • B06B1/0622—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using multiple elements on one surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
    • B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
    • B06B1/06—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction
    • B06B1/0607—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using multiple elements
    • B06B1/0622—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using multiple elements on one surface
    • B06B1/0625—Annular array

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electroacoustic transducer, in particular for underwater use, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a known electroacoustic or ultrasonic transducer (DE 100 52 636 A1) comprises a composite or composite body having a plurality of piezoelectric or electrostrictive ceramic ceramic elements extending between the top and bottom of the body, which are housed in a plastic, e.g. a polymer embedded.
  • the upper and lower sides of the composite body are each covered with an electrode which contacts the end faces of the ceramic elements.
  • the ceramic elements have a columnar shape and are arranged like a matrix in rows and columns.
  • the secondary levels in the directional characteristic of the base can be determined by so-called.
  • a well known way of Composition of the transducers into a base is to make the composite bodies of all transducers of a base in one piece and to occupy the common composite body with individual electrodes, which are designed as spaced-apart strips, covering each one on top and Bottom of the common transducer body congruently arranged strip pair a group of Keramikeiementen within the common composite body.
  • the invention has for its object to reduce the secondary level in the converter Richtcharakeristics in a converter of the type mentioned.
  • the electroacoustic transducer according to the invention has the advantage that an effective suppression of secondary levels is achieved by structuring the at least one electrode. Compared to a conventional transducer design are only minor additional costs for
  • Electrode structuring is required, but not significantly considering the significant gain in the sub-level rejection of about 6-8dB.
  • the converter according to the invention can be used everywhere where low-cost and low-cost converters are required.
  • a preferred field of application is therefore found in all underwater vehicles, which are designed as non-reusable disposable vehicles, such as the realization of a near-field sonar at a mine destruction drone.
  • Further advantageous fields of application of the converter according to the invention are Doppler logs for measuring the
  • Vessel speed, small volume sonar antennas e.g. for side vision sonars on unmanned underwater drones for reconnaissance and soil profile surveying and ultrasound transducers.
  • the structuring of the electrode is realized in such a way that the electrode is divided by a plurality of circumferential gaps, preferably annular gaps, into concentric electrode sections.
  • the subdivision is carried out in such a way that the electrode sections extending concentrically around the central electrode section have a radial gap width which decreases with increasing distance of the individual electrode sections from the central electrode section. All electrode sections are electrically connected to each other.
  • Such structuring can be produced with minimal additional effort, for example by simply etching the circumferential gap from the electrode surface.
  • a circular electrode with annular gaps has not only a production-related, but also an acoustic advantage, since the side-level suppression achieved by the structuring is symmetrical in all directions, so that an equal reception and / or transmission characteristic of the transducer is given for all spatial directions.
  • 1 is a plan view of an electroacoustic transducer
  • FIG. 2 shows a detail of a section of the electroacoustic transducer according to Line II - II in Fig. 1, shown greatly enlarged,
  • FIG. 3 is a similar view as in Fig. 2 of the electro-acoustic transducer according to a second embodiment
  • FIG. 4 shows a longitudinal section of a directional characteristic of the electroacoustic transducer in FIG. 1, FIG.
  • FIG. 5 is a similar view as in Fig. 1 with a modification
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a composite ceramic.
  • electroacoustic transducer has a ceramic body 10, which consists of a so-called.
  • Composite ceramic and a pair of electrodes whose planar electrodes 11, 12 on facing away from one another end faces 101st , 102 of the ceramic body 10 are arranged.
  • the in Fig. 6 schematically in perspective view as so-called.
  • 1-3 Composite sketched ceramic has in a known manner a plurality of ceramic rods 13 of piezoelectric or electrostrictive ceramic, which are embedded in a polymer 14.
  • the ceramic rods 13 extend between the two end faces 101 and 102 of the ceramic body 10 (FIG. 2) and are arranged spaced apart in a matrix-like manner in rows and columns (FIG. 6).
  • the exposed in the end faces 101 and 102 of the ceramic body 10 end faces of the ceramic rods 13 are contacted by the electrodes 11, 12, as can be seen in Fig. 2.
  • a modified 1-3 composite ceramic has much thinner ceramic filaments instead of ceramic rods.
  • the two planar electrodes 11, 12 of the electrode pair are each formed by a circular disk.
  • the two discs have the same outer diameter and are arranged on the mutually remote end faces 101 and 102 of the ceramic body 10 so that they are congruent.
  • the electrode 12 on the end face 102 of the ceramic body 10 is a circular solid disk
  • the electrode 11 is patterned on the end face 101 of the ceramic body 10. The structuring is done in such a way that the occupation density of the ceramic body 10 decreases radially from the inside to the outside.
  • Occupancy density is the ratio of the acoustically active body area to the acoustically inactive body area within a normal circle with a defined small radius, the acoustically active body area being that area in which the ceramic material is contacted with the electrode material.
  • the normal circle on the body surface is displaced from the body center to the body stop, and the ratio is formed in each case.
  • One possibility of such structuring of the electrode 11 is shown in FIG.
  • the electrode 11 is made by a plurality of concentric annular gaps 15, which can be achieved for example by etching the electrode 11.
  • the concentric annular gaps 15 are designed with a radial width which increases with increasing radial distance of the annular gaps 15 from the disk center.
  • the electrode 11 is divided into separate electrode sections H 1 to Hi 1 , which are, however, electrically connected to each other and thus are at the same electrical potential.
  • the electrical connection is made by means of a radial web 16 of electrically conductive material which extends over all electrode sections Hi to Hn, starting from the central, circular electrode section 11 ⁇ to the outer, annular annular electrode section Hn farthest from the circular electrode section II ⁇ and contacted with each electrode portion Hi to Hn.
  • the radial distance of the center lines of the concentric annular gaps 15 from each other is constant and also the radial distance between the center lines of the annular electrode sections H 2 to Hn from each other.
  • the radial width of the annular electrode sections H 2 to Hn decreases from the inner annular electrode section H 2 concentrically enclosing the central circular electrode section Hi up to the outer, annular electrode section Hn.
  • the decrease in the radial width is accompanied by a decrease in the coverage density.
  • the annular gap width can be kept constant and the radial distance of the annular gaps from each other to the outside are increasingly reduced. This also leads to the desired decrease in the radial width of the annular electrode sections II2 to Hn from the inside to the outside.
  • Fig. 4 the directional characteristic of the electroacoustic transducer is shown in section.
  • the sectional plane of the directional characteristic runs perpendicular to the plane of the sheet through the section line II-II. It can be seen from FIG. 4 that the structuring of the electrode 11 forces the secondary levels in the directional characteristic below -24 dB.
  • the electroacoustic transducer seen in plan view in FIG. 5 differs from the electroacoustic transducer depicted in FIG. 1 only in that the radial web 16 is used to electrically connect the electrode sections Hi to Hn into a plurality of web sections, here into three web sections 161. 162 and 163, is divided.
  • the web sections 161 to 163 are offset from one another by equal circumferential angles, the first web section 161 comprising the electrode sections Hi to H 4 , the second web section 162 the electrode sections H 5 to H 7 and the third web section 163 the electrode sections Hs to Hn connects electrically with each other. All web sections 161 to 163 are at the same electrical potential.
  • the radial web 16 is used to electrically connect the electrode sections Hi to Hn into a plurality of web sections, here into three web sections 161. 162 and 163, is divided.
  • the web sections 161 to 163 are offset from one another by equal circumferential angles, the first web section 161 comprising the electrode sections Hi to H
  • the circumferential angle by which the web sections 161 to 163 are shifted from one another amounts to 120 °.
  • it can be chosen arbitrarily as well as the number of web sections. With the staggered web sections can possibly be largely avoided by the only one web caused disturbances in the directional characteristic.
  • the electrode sections 11 ⁇ to Hn can also be connected to one another by a wiring.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)

Abstract

Dans le convertisseur électroacoustique selon l'invention, en particulier pour installation sous-marine, comprenant un corps céramique (10) et une paire d'électrodes, dont les électrodes plates (11, 12) sont disposées sur les fronts (101, 102) opposés du corps céramique (10), au moins une électrode (11) est structurée de telle sorte que la densité de revêtement du corps céramique (10) diminue depuis le centre du corps vers le bord du corps (Fig. 1) afin d'obtenir une sous-pression efficace des niveaux latéraux dans la caractéristique directive pour toutes les directions spatiales.
EP07711877A 2006-04-03 2007-03-09 Convertisseur électroacoustique Not-in-force EP2001604B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006015493A DE102006015493B4 (de) 2006-04-03 2006-04-03 Elektroakustischer Wandler
PCT/EP2007/002071 WO2007115625A2 (fr) 2006-04-03 2007-03-09 Convertisseur électroacoustique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2001604A2 true EP2001604A2 (fr) 2008-12-17
EP2001604B1 EP2001604B1 (fr) 2011-10-26

Family

ID=38474380

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07711877A Not-in-force EP2001604B1 (fr) 2006-04-03 2007-03-09 Convertisseur électroacoustique

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US7800284B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2001604B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE530263T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102006015493B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007115625A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB0723526D0 (en) * 2007-12-03 2008-01-09 Airbus Uk Ltd Acoustic transducer
DE102010042637A1 (de) * 2010-10-19 2012-04-19 Endress + Hauser Conducta Gesellschaft für Mess- und Regeltechnik GmbH + Co. KG Leitfähigkeitssensor
SG191917A1 (en) * 2011-01-18 2013-08-30 Halliburton Energy Serv Inc An improved focused acoustic transducer
US10949976B2 (en) 2017-06-12 2021-03-16 Verathon Inc. Active contour model using two-dimensional gradient vector for organ boundary detection
CN112885955A (zh) * 2021-01-11 2021-06-01 中国科学院声学研究所 一种压电传感器及麦克风
CN116116691A (zh) * 2023-02-09 2023-05-16 中国科学院声学研究所东海研究站 活塞式压电复合板，水声换能器及制备方法

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US2967956A (en) * 1955-04-19 1961-01-10 Gulton Ind Inc Transducer
US3384767A (en) * 1964-05-11 1968-05-21 Stanford Research Inst Ultrasonic transducer
EP0068961A3 (fr) * 1981-06-26 1983-02-02 Thomson-Csf Dispositif d'échauffement localisé de tissus biologiques
US4518889A (en) * 1982-09-22 1985-05-21 North American Philips Corporation Piezoelectric apodized ultrasound transducers
US4801835A (en) * 1986-10-06 1989-01-31 Hitachi Medical Corp. Ultrasonic probe using piezoelectric composite material
GB8912782D0 (en) * 1989-06-02 1989-07-19 Udi Group Ltd An acoustic transducer
US5081995A (en) * 1990-01-29 1992-01-21 Mayo Foundation For Medical Education And Research Ultrasonic nondiffracting transducer
US5250869A (en) * 1990-03-14 1993-10-05 Fujitsu Limited Ultrasonic transducer
US5465725A (en) * 1993-06-15 1995-11-14 Hewlett Packard Company Ultrasonic probe
DE4428500C2 (de) * 1993-09-23 2003-04-24 Siemens Ag Ultraschallwandlerarray mit einer reduzierten Anzahl von Wandlerelementen
US5563354A (en) * 1995-04-03 1996-10-08 Force Imaging Technologies, Inc. Large area sensing cell
US5794023A (en) * 1996-05-31 1998-08-11 International Business Machines Corporation Apparatus utilizing a variably diffractive radiation element
RU2161364C2 (ru) * 1996-06-05 2000-12-27 Окатов Юрий Владимирович Пьезоэлектрический шаговый двигатель
US6775388B1 (en) * 1998-07-16 2004-08-10 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Ultrasonic transducers
US6682214B1 (en) * 1999-09-21 2004-01-27 University Of Hawaii Acoustic wave micromixer using fresnel annular sector actuators
DE10052636B4 (de) * 2000-10-24 2004-07-08 Atlas Elektronik Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Ultraschallwandlers
JP3832338B2 (ja) * 2001-12-25 2006-10-11 松下電工株式会社 電歪ポリマーアクチュエータ
US6984923B1 (en) * 2003-12-24 2006-01-10 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Broadband and wide field of view composite transducer array
DE102005032212B3 (de) * 2005-07-09 2006-10-19 Atlas Elektronik Gmbh Unterwasserantenne

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
See references of WO2007115625A3 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102006015493B4 (de) 2010-12-23
WO2007115625A3 (fr) 2008-04-03
US20090174288A1 (en) 2009-07-09
ATE530263T1 (de) 2011-11-15
DE102006015493A1 (de) 2007-10-11
WO2007115625B1 (fr) 2008-07-03
EP2001604B1 (fr) 2011-10-26
WO2007115625A2 (fr) 2007-10-18
US7800284B2 (en) 2010-09-21

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