Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
  • B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
  • B01D39/16—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
  • B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
  • B01D39/16—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres
  • B01D39/1669—Cellular material
  • B01D39/1676—Cellular material of synthetic origin
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
  • Y10T428/131—Glass, ceramic, or sintered, fused, fired, or calcined metal oxide or metal carbide containing [e.g., porcelain, brick, cement, etc.]
  • Y10T428/1317—Multilayer [continuous layer]
  • Y10T428/1321—Polymer or resin containing [i.e., natural or synthetic]
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
  • Y10T428/1352—Polymer or resin containing [i.e., natural or synthetic]
  • Y10T428/1355—Elemental metal containing [e.g., substrate, foil, film, coating, etc.]
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
  • Y10T428/1352—Polymer or resin containing [i.e., natural or synthetic]
  • Y10T428/1376—Foam or porous material containing

Definitions

• the invention relates to a tube which is filled with an open-cell foam based on an aminoplast, as well as its uses.
• Open cell foams based on a melamine / formaldehyde condensation product are known for various heat and sound insulation applications in buildings and vehicles, as well as insulating and shock-absorbing packaging material.
• EP-A 683 349 describes pipe shells of open-cell melamine / formaldehyde foam, which do not shrink due to their temperature resistance when the pipes insulated therewith are heated.
• EP-A 1 498 680 describes a cooling and warming battery of melamine / formaldehyde foam, the cell pores of which are completely or partially filled with a flowable heat carrier and which is a casing, which may consist, for example, of a polyolefin film.
• the object of the present invention was to find a simple device for the filtration or mixing of liquids, which is particularly suitable for small volumes.
• open-cell foams are preferably elastic foams based on a melamine / formaldehyde condensation product having a specific gravity of 3 to 100 g / l, in particular from 5 to 20 g / l used.
• the cell count is usually in the range of 50 to 300 cells / 25 mm.
• the tensile strength is preferably in the range of 100 to 150 kPa and the elongation at break in the range of 8 to 20%.
• the open-cell foam in different pipe sections may have a different pore size distribution, for example in the form of a linear or exponential gradient from large pores to small pores.
• the cell number may be in the range of 50 to 120 cells / 25 mm and at the other end in the range of 150 to 300 cells / 25 mm.
• EP-A 071 672 or EP-A 037 470 a highly concentrated, propellant-containing solution or dispersion of a melamine-formaldehyde precondensate foamed and cured with hot air, steam or by microwave irradiation.
• foams are commercially available under the name Basotect® from BASF Aktiengesellschaft.
• the molar ratio of melamine / formaldehyde is generally in the range from 1: 1 to 1: 5.
• the molar ratio in the range of 1: 1, 3 to 1: 1, 8 is selected and a sulfite group-free precondensate used such , B described in WO 01/94436.
• the foams can then be tempered and pressed.
• the surface shape of the foam, the hydrophilicity, the density and the pore size can be changed.
• One common method of thermoforming the material is by impregnating with an adhesive and curing the adhesive in a step of impregnating the impregnated foam. It is also possible to generate a thermoformable material without the addition of another excipient, as described in EP1505105.
• a control of the pore structure of the foam by the process of thermoforming can be done by pressing different areas of the foam differently. By heating the deformed specimen this can be fixed in the new form. It is possible to produce a sample with a density and pore size gradient. For example, a wedge-shaped specimen with a planar pressing device or a planar specimen with a wedge-shaped pressing device can be deformed and fixed in the graft structure. It is also possible to combine several individual bodies with different degrees of compression. The resulting gradient or integral structure may also be advantageous in terms of mechanical properties.
• the foams can be cut to the desired shape and thickness. Contour cuts are also possible through which e.g. Foam body with an enlarged surface accessible.
• the melamine / formaldehyde foams can be hydrophobic and / or oleophobic, as described for example in DE1001 1388.
• liquid-liquid separations can be achieved. It may be beneficial to combine multiple elements of this type to enhance the effect.
• the pipe, pipe inlets and reservoir are made of a rigid material such as glass, metal or plastic, in particular of steel, aluminum or fiber-reinforced plastic.
• Suitable plastics are polyethylene, Polypropylene, epoxy or polyester resins, which may be reinforced with carbon or glass fibers, fabrics or mats.
• the tube is usually elongated, z. B. cylindrical and has a circular, oval or polygonal cross-section.
• the tube preferably has a diameter in the range of 1 to 100 mm, more preferably 5 to 50 mm.
• the length of the filled with the open-cell foam tube or pipe section is preferably in the range of 5 to 500 mm, more preferably 10 to 100 mm.
• the tube serves as a holder or frame with the usual for the particular application materials, dimensions and shapes, such as rectangular or square metal, plastic or wooden frame.
• the tube according to the invention can be brought into contact with various chemicals or even cryogenic liquids over a wide temperature range.
• Cryogenic liquids have a boiling point below - 80 ° C at atmospheric pressure.
• Particularly preferred are liquid air, nitrogen, hydrogen, argon, neon, helium or liquefied fuels, such as propylene or natural gas, which consists mainly of methane.
• the open-cell foam is punched or cut out accurately and introduced into the tube.
• a piece of foam with unequal cross section in a tube with a uniform cross-section.
• the size of the cells and the number of cells per unit volume along the tube is changed.
• a tapered foam piece can be fitted into a cylindrical tube so that the cell size continuously decreases from one end to the other end.
• the foam may also be slipped over an open end of the tube and attached to the outside of the tube without protruding into the interior. It may be advantageous to use the foam as an insert inside a perforated screw cap. The foam can be fixed in this case by simply screwing it on.
• the open-cell foam can be fixed in the tube by gluing or mechanical closure. Pit inaccuracies can be compensated by sealing materials (eg silicone-based).
• sealing materials eg silicone-based.
• the invention filled with the open-cell foam tube can be connected directly or via another pipe or hose connector with a reservoir. Depending on the application, it can also be combined with other filled or unfilled pipes to form a tube composite
• the tube according to the invention is particularly suitable as a static mixer for liquids.
• this is a Y-shaped tube, which is filled in the lower part or in the fork with the open-cell foam as an active mixing element. Due to the pore size of the open-cell pores, it is possible to manufacture microreactors by appropriate dimensioning. Improved mixing of the otherwise laminar flow of two or more components in the open-cell foam can be achieved by use of ultrasound. If thin and elastic tubes are used for the application as a static mixer, the mixing can also be improved by oscillating compression.
• Another embodiment consists in a main pipe, in the one or more pipe sections open. Both the main pipe or individual pipe sections and the side pipes can be filled with the open-cell foam. In this way, for example, several chemical components can be supplied via the side tubes along the main tube, mixed and reacted. The distances of the junctions and the pipe diameter can be adjusted according to the reaction kinetics.
• the tube according to the invention is also suitable for filtering liquids or aerosols, for example for removing turbidity from juices or mash.
• a funnel in the tubular sequence of the open-cell foam is introduced, are used.
• the pipe according to the invention is also suitable for filtration in medicine and environmental technology, for example as a kidney filter, blood filter or for the filtration of suspended matter with water.
• the tube according to the invention can also be used in chromatography, for. B gel chromatography can be used.
• this acrylamide can be polymerized in the open-cell foam. The high laminarity of the material flows increases the separation effect.
• a tube in which a conical foam piece has been pressed in and in which the cell structure of the fitted open-cell foam changes continuously from coarse-cell to fine-celled can also be used for the filtration.
• the medium to be filtered is then applied to the large-celled end, wherein the coarse turbid matter is preferably taken first and the fine turbidity in the end in the pores of the foam. Due to this effect, the pressure drop across the filter material is lower than that of a filter which consists only of small po- exists. Due to the gradient structure, it is possible that the filtered particles are distributed throughout the material and not only forms a filter cake on the surface, which leads to a high pressure drop.
• the filtration of coarse particles that do not penetrate the foam structure can be improved by increasing the surface area of the foam body.
• the tube according to the invention is also suitable for filtering or separating gaseous substances, liquids or aerosols, for example for removing turbidity from juices or mash or as Rußabscheider of diesel vehicles.
• a funnel in the tubular sequence of the open-cell foam is introduced, are used.
• the tube according to the invention is also suitable for explosion protection by preventing the formation or ignition of explosive gas mixtures or dusts.
• the tube according to the invention can also be used for the transport or controlled burning of liquid fuels. Due to capillary forces, the foam absorbs the liquid fuel that is ignited on the surface of the foam. Through the wicking effect, the liquid fuel is transported to the place of combustion, where it burns slowly and controlled without the
• Foam burns or charred.
• the foam prevents high heating of the fuel, which would be consumed faster due to increased evaporation.
• the melamine / formaldehyde foam is hardly inflammable, it does not burn on its own after the fuel has been consumed, but is partially charred. Due to the highly crosslinked structure of the melamine / formaldehyde resin occurs in conventional liquid fuels no swelling of the polymer structure, which could lead to a detrimental effect on the mechanical properties and fire properties.
• a cylindrical aluminum dish about 3 cm in diameter and about 1.5 cm high was filled with an open-celled melamine / formaldehyde
• Foam filled with a density of about 10 kg / m 3 (Basotect® BASF Aktiengesellschaft). 15 ml of ethanol were added to the filled dish and ignited.
• the shell with the open-celled melamine / formaldehyde foam did not heat up significantly at the bottom and could easily be held on the palm of the hand without burning.
• the ethanol was consumed only after a firing time of 12.5 minutes. Towards the end of the combustion, a slight charring the topmost foam layer. After self-extinguishing the fire, the same foam-containing shell was again filled with 15 ml of ethanol and ignited. The duration of the fire shortened to 10 minutes. The same dish was filled with ethanol two more times and ignited, whereby the foam was largely retained. Only an increasing encrustation of the surface was observed with a decrease in the duration of the fire.
• Example 1 was repeated with the difference that was sealed to the aluminum shell filled with ethanol with an aluminum lid. The middle of the lid was perforated. Through the opening, a strand of Basotect® was inserted, which protruded into the ethanol-filled shell and soaked with the liquid. The ethanol impregnated strand was ignited and the alcohol burned off in a controlled manner. The burning time was increased several times compared to example 1.
• Example 2 Analogously to Example 1, 15 ml of ethanol were added to a dish without foam and ignited. The shell without foam also warmed strongly during combustion on the underside and the ethanol was completely consumed after a fire time of 6.5 min.
• thermoformable melamine / formaldehyde foam test specimen according to Example 1 in EP1505105 was compressed to 50% of its initial thickness by means of a planar hot steam press. The compressed sample was annealed at 200 ° C for 2 minutes and thereby fixed in the compressed form.
• the mean pore diameter (volume average) of the thermoformed sample after mercury intrusion is 17 ⁇ m.
• An uncompressed comparative sample has an average pore diameter of 170 ⁇ m.
• thermoformable melamine / formaldehyde foam specimen according to Example 1 in EP1505105 was cut in such a wedge shape that it had a length of 150 mm and a width of 45 mm, the height increasing evenly from 28 mm to 88 mm.
• This specimen was pressed by means of a planar hot steam press to a uniform height of 28 mm.
• the sample was annealed at 200 ° C for 2 minutes and thereby fixed in the compressed form.
• the tempered specimen has a gradient structure.
• the density and compressive strength increase continuously with increasing degree of compression.
• the average pore diameter (volume) of the thermoformed sample after mercury intrusion measurements at the end with the initial height of 28 mm is 170 ⁇ m. In a comparative sample from the sample area with an initial height of 88 mm, the average pore diameter is 1 10 microns.
• Polyol component consisting of: polyetherol, water, tert. Amin,
• Silicone stabilizers, blowing agent Visk approx. 1000 mPa.s (25 ° C)
• Isocyanate component Lupranat M 2OW (diphenylmethane diisocyanate) Viscosity: 155-235 mPa.s (25 ° C)
• Example 5 it is shown that the foam according to the invention can be used as a simple static mixing element.
• Example 6 it is shown that the foam according to the invention can be used as a simple static mixing element.
• the foam cubes were freed by pressing the bulk of the liquid absorbed to constant weight.
• the density of the hydrophobically modified foam samples is 18.5 kg / m 3 .
• the modified foam floats on a water surface and is not significantly wetted by water, the water absorption is less than 5 vol .-%.
• a Y-shaped glass tube with a diameter of about 1 cm was fastened such that two openings pointed downwards and one opening was directed upwards.
• the one down-facing part of the tube was filled with unmodified MeI-amine / formaldehyde foam.
• the other part of the tube was filled with hydrophobically modified foam. Both foam fillings reached into the part of the Y-shaped tube, where all three sub-pipes met.
• Example 7 was repeated with the difference that instead of the BasotectO fleece, a standard needle felt filter was used.
• Example 7 The results of Example 7 and Comparative Experiment V1 are summarized in Table 1.
• Table 1 The results of Example 7 and Comparative Experiment V1 are summarized in Table 1.
• a markedly lower increase in pressure was observed with only a slightly lower degree of separation.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Filtering Materials (AREA)
• Phenolic Resins Or Amino Resins (AREA)
• Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
• Details Of Rigid Or Semi-Rigid Containers (AREA)

Priority Applications (1)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (1)

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• 2007
  • 2007-03-23 CN CN2007800158140A patent/CN101437595B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2007-03-23 EP EP07727256A patent/EP2001575A2/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2007-03-23 BR BRPI0709247-4A patent/BRPI0709247A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2007-03-23 KR KR1020087026193A patent/KR20090007370A/ko not_active Ceased
  • 2007-03-23 US US12/294,813 patent/US20100173107A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2007-03-23 WO PCT/EP2007/052782 patent/WO2007110384A2/de not_active Ceased
  • 2007-03-23 JP JP2009502042A patent/JP2009531495A/ja active Pending

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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