EP1994037A1 - Magnesiumorganisches synthesemittel - Google Patents
Magnesiumorganisches synthesemittelInfo
- Publication number
- EP1994037A1 EP1994037A1 EP07712440A EP07712440A EP1994037A1 EP 1994037 A1 EP1994037 A1 EP 1994037A1 EP 07712440 A EP07712440 A EP 07712440A EP 07712440 A EP07712440 A EP 07712440A EP 1994037 A1 EP1994037 A1 EP 1994037A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- organomagnesium
- compounds
- synthesis agent
- groups
- synthesis
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F3/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 2 or 12 of the Periodic Table
- C07F3/02—Magnesium compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C07B37/00—Reactions without formation or introduction of functional groups containing hetero atoms, involving either the formation of a carbon-to-carbon bond between two carbon atoms not directly linked already or the disconnection of two directly linked carbon atoms
- C07B37/04—Substitution
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C07B49/00—Grignard reactions
Definitions
- the invention relates to an organomagnesium synthesis agent, a process for the preparation of this synthesis agent and its use.
- An organomagnesium synthesis agent is used for the synthesis, in particular for organic synthesis.
- the present invention relates to organomagnesium compounds in highly concentrated solution.
- Organomagnesium compounds are known from the literature. Such compounds are synthesized, for example, by reacting mercury organyls with magnesium or by reacting aryl and alkyl halides with metallic magnesium. It is often necessary to use highly activated magnesium for synthesis, which is obtained, for example, by reduction of magnesium chloride by potassium (Ch Elschenbroich, A. Salzer, (1993), Organometallic Chemistry, 6.1 Alkaline earth metal organyls, 3rd edition, 1st corrected reprint, Teubner Economicsbücher Chemistry, Stuttgart).
- transition metal catalysts complexes of Cu, Fe, Ni, Pd and Pt salts
- other salts such as ZnCl 2 or ZnBr 2 are also frequently added in amounts up to stoichiometric (LS Hegedus, Organic Synthesis with Transition Metals, translated, processed and updated by H.-G. Schmalz and Andre Majdalani, (1995), VCH, Weinheim, page 81 ff):
- Organomagnesium compounds are also used in the synthesis of special boron compounds.
- boric acid esters such as trimethyl, triethyl or triisopropyl borate
- organomagnesium compounds alkyl or arylboranes, alkyl- or arylboronic acid esters or alkyl- or arylborinic acid esters are obtained.
- the two last-mentioned groups of substances form, after hydrolysis with water, alkyl- or arylboronic acids or alkyl- or arylborinic acids (R. Köster, Annalen der Chemie 1958, 618, 31, Synthesis and Use: DG Hall, (2005), Boronic Acids , Wiley-VCH Verlag, Weinheim).
- organomagnesium compounds in hydrocarbons, possibly with the addition of amines, or in solvents containing oxygen donors.
- a preferred laboratory-scale oxygen donor-containing solvent is diethyl ether. It is known from diethyl ether that organomagnesium compounds have a very high solubility therein and undesirable side reactions such as the coupling of aryl and alkyl halides with the organomagnesium compound (Wurtz coupling) occur only to a small extent (K. N Reifenel, (1973), Organomagnesium - A -
- organomagnesium compounds For the synthesis of organomagnesium compounds on an industrial scale, other oxygen donor-containing solvents such as, for example, tetrahydrofuran (THF), methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), diethoxymethane (DEM), dimethoxyethane (DME) or dioxane are initially suitable.
- THF tetrahydrofuran
- MTBE methyl tert-butyl ether
- DEM diethoxymethane
- DME dimethoxyethane
- dioxane dioxane
- the solubility of the organomagnesium compound can be partially increased in these solvents by admixing aromatic solvents such as benzene, toluene, xylenes, etc. (K. N Reifenel, (1973), Organomagnesium Compounds, in Eugen Müller, Houben Weyl, Volume 13 / 2a, fourth edition, Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart).
- the object of the present invention is therefore to provide an organomagnesium synthesis agent which overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art.
- this synthesis agent should contain at least one organomagnesium compound in high concentration.
- the solvent used in the synthesis agent should have poor miscibility with water, and be used safely on an industrial scale.
- the preparation of the organomagnesium compound in this solvent should be possible, with no or only very minor side reactions during the production of organomagnesium compounds should occur.
- an organomagnesium synthesis agent containing in addition to at least one organomagnesium compound, a solvent containing at least one oxygen donor compound of the general formula 1 or consists of at least one oxygen donor compound of the general formula 1.
- the solvent according to the invention dissolves very well other organomagnesium compounds than propen-3-yl and benzyl compounds, that this inventive solvent is poorly miscible with water and enables safe use.
- DE-C-19808570 discloses that this shift in Schlenk equilibrium occurs.
- the solvent according to the invention is characterized by a high boiling point compared with diethyl ether. The risk of the formation of an explosive atmosphere is thus reduced on an industrial scale. For example, tetrahydro-2-methylfuran has a boiling point of 77-79X.
- the synthesis agent according to the invention is prepared by reacting at least one compound of the general formula R-X with magnesium in the solvent according to the invention of formula 2 or 3, thereby obtaining the desired organomagnesium compounds in the solvent according to the invention:
- R-MgX and R-Mg-R are organomagnesium compounds, where R-X, R-MgX and R-Mg-R are:
- R is selected from: functionalized and / or unfunctionalized branched and / or unbranched C 1 -C 20 -alkyl groups, C 1 -C 20 -haloalkyl groups with fluorine and / or chlorine as
- Halogen atom Ci-C 2 o-Alkoxy phenomenon, Ci-C 2 o-Halogenalk- oxy discipline with fluorine and / or chlorine as halogen atom, C 2 - C 2 o-Alkenyl phenomenon, C 2 -C 2 o-Alkinyl phenomenon, C 3 -C 8- C 1 -C 10 -alkyl groups and / or functionalized and / or unfunctionalized phenyl, phenoxy, aryl and / or hetaryl groups having 3 to 12 C atoms, which in turn may carry one or more of the abovementioned substituents R; and
- X is selected from: F and / or Cl and / or Br and / or I and / or triflate and / or tosylate, preferably from Cl and / or Br.
- R are: methyl, trimethylsilylmethyl, ethyl, ethenyl, ethynyl, trimethylsilylethynyl, dimethylthexylsilylethynyl, dimethylcyclohexylsilylethynyl, dimethyltertbutylsilylethynyl, triterbutylsilylethynyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, cyclopropyl, propyn-3-yl, n-butyl, cyclobutyl, 1-butene 4-yl, 1-but-4-yl, 2-buten-4-yl, crotyl, 2-butyn-4-yl, 2-butyl, iso-butyl, tert -
- Preferred compounds of the formula R-MgX according to the invention are methylmagnesium chloride, methylmagnesium bromide, ethylmagnesium chloride, ethylmagnesium bromide, ethynylmagnesium chloride, ethynylmagnesium bromide, vinylmagnesium chloride, vinylmagnesium bromide, n-propylmagnesium chloride, isopropylmagnesium chloride, cyclopropylmagnesium chloride, n-propylmagnesium bromide, isopropylmagnesium bromide, cyclopropylmagnesium bromide.
- substituents R 3 H, fluorine, chlorine, Ci-Ce- alkyl groups, Ci-Cs-haloalkyl groups with fluorine and / or chlorine as the halogen atom, Ci-C ⁇ -alkoxy groups, Ci-C ⁇ -haloalkoxy groups with fluorine and / or chlorine as the halogen atom, C 2 -C 6 -alkenyl groups, Cs-Ce-cyclolyl groups, trimethylsilyl, phenyl and / or phenoxy groups, which in turn may carry one or more of the abovementioned substituents R 3 ; where X is selected from: F and / or Cl and / or Br and / or I and / or triflate and / or tosylate.
- the solvent according to the invention is characterized by an excellent solubility, mostly over 20 wt .-%, sometimes up to about 30 wt .-%, in some cases to over 50 wt .-% of said organomagnesium compounds.
- the synthesis agent according to the invention contains at least one of the organomagnesium compounds according to the invention in a concentration of 20 to 80 wt .-%, preferably from 30 to 70 wt .-%, particularly preferably from 35 to 60 wt .-%.
- the synthesis agent according to the invention can be prepared by synthesizing the organomagnesium compounds R-MgX and R-Mg-R, in particular compounds of the formula R-MgCl or R-MgBr, in the solvents according to the invention.
- the solvent according to the invention may consist of at least one compound of the formula 1 or be present in a mixture with at least one aprotic solvent, the aprotic solvent (s) preferably being selected from benzene, toluene, m-xylene, p-xylene, Xylene, cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane.
- the total proportion of the aprotic solvent or of the aprotic solvents on the synthesis agent according to the invention is 0 to 60% by weight, preferably from 0.1 to 45% by weight, particularly preferably from 1 to 30% by weight, very particularly preferably from 5 to 20% by weight.
- the synthesis agent according to the invention may additionally comprise one or more dissolved inorganic salts, for example LiCl, LiBr, MgCl 2 , MgBr 2 , FeCb, CuCl, CuCl 2 , CuBr, CuBr 2 , ZnCl 2 or ZnBr 2 . or mixtures of at least two of these salts.
- one or more dissolved inorganic salts for example LiCl, LiBr, MgCl 2 , MgBr 2 , FeCb, CuCl, CuCl 2 , CuBr, CuBr 2 , ZnCl 2 or ZnBr 2 . or mixtures of at least two of these salts.
- the molar ratio of inorganic metal salt to the organomagnesium compounds according to the invention is 0.1 to 5, preferably 0.3 to 1.5.
- the synthesis agent according to the invention can be used in the reaction of organomagnesium compounds with an electrophile or an aryl or alkyl halide or triflate or tosylate or a boric acid ester, in particular trimethyl-, triethyl-, triisopropylborate.
- the synthesis agent according to the invention in a transition metal-catalyzed (Fe, Cu, Ni, Pd, or Pt complex with or without addition of zinc halides such as ZnCl 2 or ZnBr 2 ) cross-coupling reaction with an aryl or alkyl halide or triflate or tosylate be used.
- the synthesis agent according to the invention can be used for the reaction of organomagnesium compounds R-MgX or R-Mg-R in transmetalation reactions with other metal salts MX n .
- organomagnesium synthesis agent containing at least the following components:
- R 1 and R 2 are independently selected from:
- At least one organomagnesium compound of the general formula R-MgX or R-Mg-R wherein R is selected from: functionalized and / or unfunctionalized branched and / or unbranched CrC 2 o-alkyl groups, CrC 2 o-haloalkyl groups with fluorine and / or chlorine as a halogen atom, C 2 d- o-alkoxy, Ci-C 2 o-haloalkoxy having fluorine and / or chlorine as the halogen atom, C 2 -C 2 o-alkenyl, C 2 -C 2 o-alkynyl, C 3 -C ⁇ -Cycloalkyl groups and / or functionalized and / or unfunctionalized phenyl, phenoxy, aryl and / or hetaryl groups having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, which in turn may carry one or more of the abovementioned substituents R, and X is selected from: F and / /
- substituents R 3 H, fluorine, chlorine, Ci-Cs-alkyl groups, Ci-C ⁇ -haloalkyl groups with fluorine and / or chlorine as the halogen atom, Ci-Cs-alkoxy groups, Ci-C ⁇ -haloalkoxy groups with fluorine and / or chlorine as the halogen atom, C 2 -C 6 -alkenyl groups, C 5 -C 6 -
- Cyclolkyl phenomenon trimethylsilyl, phenyl and / or phenoxy groups, which in turn may carry one or more of the aforementioned substituents R 3 ;
- R 1 and R 2 are selected from: H, methyl, methoxy, methylmethoxy, ethyl, ethoxy, methylethoxy, n-propyl,
- Tri (tert-butyl) silyl), dimethylthexylsilyl, where: when R 1 H then R 2 ⁇ H; an organomagnesium synthesizing agent, wherein the oxygen donor-containing compound is tetrahydro-2-methylfuran;
- organomagnesium synthesis agent wherein the concentration of the organomagnesium compound or organomagnesium compounds from 20 to 80 wt .-%, preferably from 30 to 70 wt .-%, particularly preferably from 35 to 60 wt .-%. is;
- organomagnesium synthesis agent wherein the solvent in addition to the oxygen donor-containing compound or the compounds containing oxygen donor at least one aprotic solvent, preferably selected from benzene, toluene, m-xylene, p-xylene, o-xylene, cyclohexane and
- organomagnesium synthesis agent wherein the total proportion of the aprotic solvent or the aprotic solvent on the synthesis agent 0 to 60 wt .-%, preferably from 0.1 to 45 wt .-%, particularly preferably from 1 to 30 wt .-%, very particularly preferably from 5 to 20% by weight;
- an organomagnesium synthesis agent containing an inorganic salt preferably selected from LiCl, LiBr, MgCl 2, Mg Br 2, FeCl 3, CuCl, CuCl 2, CuBr, CuBr 2, ZnCl 2, or ZnBr 2 or mixtures of at least two of these salts ;
- organomagnesium synthesis agent wherein the molar ratio of inorganic metal salt for inventive organomagnesium
- Dosing a compound of general formula RX; - is kept to a method for producing the organomagnesium synthesis agent according to the invention, wherein the reaction temperature in the range of -10 to +100 0 C, preferably in the range of 0 to +40 0 C;
- organomagnesium synthesis agent in the synthesis, preferably in organic synthesis
- organomagnesium synthesis agent wherein the organomagnesium synthesizing agent is reacted with electrophiles, preferably carbonyls, nitriles, carboxylic esters, ketones, aldehydes, olefins, and / or nitro and / or nitroso compounds, oximes and the sulfur analogs of these compounds, preferably thione compounds, is implemented;
- electrophiles preferably carbonyls, nitriles, carboxylic esters, ketones, aldehydes, olefins, and / or nitro and / or nitroso compounds, oximes and the sulfur analogs of these compounds, preferably thione compounds, is implemented;
- organomagnesium synthesis agent according to the invention, wherein the organomagnesium synthesis agent is reacted with acidic compounds for their deprotonation;
- organomagnesium synthesis agent according to the invention, wherein the organomagnesium synthesis agent is used in halogen-metal exchange reactions;
- organomagnesium synthesis agent preferably used in CC cross-coupling reactions, preferably involving a catalytically active compound, preferably selected from Fe, Cu, Ni, Pd, and Pt complexes, more preferably with addition of zinc halides, preferably selected from ZnCl 2 and ZnBr 2 ;
- organomagnesium synthesis agent according to the invention, wherein the organomagnesium synthesis agent with
- magnesium chips according to Grignard, 1.1 equivalents
- the magnesium is activated by the method known from the literature and then started with the dosage of a compound RX (at least 1 equivalent).
- the reaction temperature is at atmospheric pressure in the range of -10 to + 100 ° C, preferably in the range of 0 to +40 0 C is maintained. The start of the reaction can be recognized by the fact that the reaction temperature rises.
- the dosage of the compound RX should be interrupted after a maximum of about 5% of the dosage and an activation of the magnesium with the reagents known from the literature (author collective, in Organikum, 18th, corrected edition, Deutscher Verlag dermaschineen, Berlin 1990, Page 499). After complete dosing of the compound RX is allowed to stir for an hour and filtered through a frit G3 from the excess of magnesium.
- Example 2 Preparation and crystallization behavior of a solution of 40% by weight of ethylmagnesium chloride in tetrahydro-2-methylfuran
- Example 3 Preparation and crystallization behavior of a solution of 46% by weight of ethylmagnesium bromide in tetrahydro-2-methylfuran
- Example 5 Preparation and crystallization behavior of a solution of 35% by weight of methylmagnesium bromide in tetrahydro-2-methylfuran
- Example 7 Production and Crystallization Behavior of a Solution of 26% by Weight Methylmagnesium Bromide in Tetrahydrofuran (Comparative Example) The reaction is carried out analogously to Example 1. When storing the solution obtained from 15 ° C, a considerable crystallization can be observed.
- Example 8 Comparative Example Preparation and Crystallization Behavior of a Solution of 26% by Weight of Ethylmagnesium Chloride in Tetrahydrofuran (Comparative Example)
- Table 1 Summary of the examples, crystallization behavior of organomagnesium compounds as a function of the solvent
- Examples 2 to 5 and Table 1 show that, when using the solvents according to the invention in Examples 2 to 5, synthesis agents according to the invention are obtained which contain organomagnesium compounds in high concentrations, that is to say in concentrations of more than 20% by weight. without cooling on cooling to 0 ° C, sometimes to -10 0 C, crystallizate precipitates out of the solution.
- This result is all the more surprising since in DE-C-19808570 the formation of a magnesium halide crystal already during the synthesis of propen-3-yl and benzylmagnesium compounds is reported.
- the solvents according to the invention thus represent an ideal and safe diethyl ether surrogate for the preparation of other organomagnesium compounds than propen-3-yl or benzylmagnesium compounds.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102006010410 | 2006-03-03 | ||
| PCT/EP2007/052049 WO2007099173A1 (de) | 2006-03-03 | 2007-03-05 | Magnesiumorganisches synthesemittel |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1994037A1 true EP1994037A1 (de) | 2008-11-26 |
Family
ID=38093550
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP07712440A Withdrawn EP1994037A1 (de) | 2006-03-03 | 2007-03-05 | Magnesiumorganisches synthesemittel |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US9534001B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1994037A1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN101443337A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102007010953A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2007099173A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102009046432A1 (de) | 2009-11-05 | 2010-07-22 | Wacker Chemie Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Organosiliciumverbindungen mit Grignardverbindungen |
| CN103755516B (zh) * | 2013-12-27 | 2016-03-02 | 浙江工业大学 | 一种1,1-二苯基乙烯的制备方法 |
| CN106336420A (zh) * | 2015-07-08 | 2017-01-18 | 陕西天汉生物科技有限公司 | 一种乙基麦芽酚格氏釜的安全性操作工艺 |
| CN105315304A (zh) * | 2015-12-08 | 2016-02-10 | 山东维天精细化工科技有限公司 | 一种三己基膦的合成方法 |
| CN105330694A (zh) * | 2015-12-08 | 2016-02-17 | 山东维天精细化工科技有限公司 | 一种三丁基甲基碘化膦的合成方法 |
| FR3104584B1 (fr) * | 2019-12-17 | 2021-12-03 | Michelin & Cie | Composé diorganomagnésien asymétrique |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2872471A (en) * | 1955-11-28 | 1959-02-03 | Metal & Thermit Corp | Preparation of alkyl silanes by the grignard reaction employing cyclic ethers |
| US3584027A (en) * | 1969-05-02 | 1971-06-08 | M & T Chemicals Inc | Process for producing organopolysiloxanes |
Family Cites Families (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US283850A (en) * | 1883-08-28 | John d | ||
| GB823958A (en) * | 1955-11-28 | 1959-11-18 | Metal & Thermit Corp | Organomagnesium chloride complexes |
| US2838508A (en) * | 1956-09-18 | 1958-06-10 | Metal & Thermit Corp | Chemical process and product |
| US3222339A (en) * | 1962-08-14 | 1965-12-07 | Rohm & Haas | Polymerization process using an organomagnesium compound as catalyst |
| US4113758A (en) * | 1976-03-30 | 1978-09-12 | Albright & Wilson Ltd. | Process for preparing organotin halides |
| JPS5481261A (en) | 1977-12-06 | 1979-06-28 | Oce Andeno Bv | Manufacture of 33iodothiophene |
| GB8716587D0 (en) | 1987-07-14 | 1987-08-19 | Shell Int Research | Preparing thiophene derivatives |
| FI93110C (fi) | 1991-12-09 | 1995-02-27 | Neste Oy | Menetelmä 3-asemassa substituoitujen tiofeenien valmistamiseksi |
| US5371240A (en) | 1992-11-30 | 1994-12-06 | Torcan Chemical Ltd. | Process for the preparation of pure thiophene derivatives |
| DE19808570C1 (de) | 1998-02-28 | 1999-03-04 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Benzylmagnesiumhalogenide oder Allylmagnesiumhalogenide enthaltende Synthesemittel und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung |
| FR2800070B1 (fr) | 1999-10-22 | 2003-08-15 | Sanofi Synthelabo | Procede de preparation d'un derive du thiophene |
| KR20030010508A (ko) | 2001-07-25 | 2003-02-05 | 메르크 파텐트 게엠베하 | 모노-, 올리고- 및 폴리-4-플루오로티오펜 및 전하 이동물질로서의 이들의 용도 |
| CA2573573A1 (en) * | 2004-07-27 | 2006-02-09 | Sgx Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Fused ring heterocycle kinase modulators |
| US7205414B2 (en) | 2005-01-12 | 2007-04-17 | Honeywell International Inc. | Process for the Kumada coupling reaction |
-
2007
- 2007-03-05 DE DE102007010953A patent/DE102007010953A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2007-03-05 US US12/279,724 patent/US9534001B2/en active Active
- 2007-03-05 CN CNA2007800076352A patent/CN101443337A/zh active Pending
- 2007-03-05 EP EP07712440A patent/EP1994037A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2007-03-05 WO PCT/EP2007/052049 patent/WO2007099173A1/de not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2872471A (en) * | 1955-11-28 | 1959-02-03 | Metal & Thermit Corp | Preparation of alkyl silanes by the grignard reaction employing cyclic ethers |
| US3584027A (en) * | 1969-05-02 | 1971-06-08 | M & T Chemicals Inc | Process for producing organopolysiloxanes |
Non-Patent Citations (11)
| Title |
|---|
| "Great Lakes Chemical data sheet for 2-methyltetrahydrofuran", 1995 * |
| "Kirk Othmer Encyclopaedia of Chemical Technology", 1998, pages: 176 - 177 * |
| "Kirk Othmer Encyclopaedia of Chemical Technology", 2005, pages: 279 - 285 * |
| "Methyltetrahydrofuran", THE FURAN CHEMISTRY SPECIALISTS, 2005, pages 1 - 8, XP003028319 |
| "Penn Specialty Chemicals Inc. Data sheet for methylterahydrofuran", 2005 * |
| "QO 2-Methyltetrahydrofuran", GREAT LAKES CHEMICAL CORPORATION, November 1995 (1995-11-01), pages 1 - 2, XP003028318 |
| ARZA SEIDEL: "Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology 5th edition", vol. 12, 2005, JOHN WILEY & SONS, ISBN: 0-471-48494-6, article "Furan Derivatives", pages: 279 - 280,285, XP003028316 |
| JOHN H. WOTIZ ET AL: "The Reaction of l-Alkynes with organometallic compounds. XII the rate of reaction Ethyl Grignards with l-llexyne in certain Ethers", MARSHALL UNIVERSITY, 16 June 1964 (1964-06-16), pages 1240 - 1241, XP003028320 |
| POPPE L. ET AL: "Convenient Synthesis of monoprotected 1,2-Diols", SYNTHETIC COMMUNICATIONS, vol. 25, no. 24, 1995, pages 3993 - 4000, XP003028317 |
| POPPE, L. ET AL.: "Convenient synthesis of monoprotected 1,2-diols", SYNTHETIC COMMUNICATIONS, vol. 25, 1995, pages 3993 - 4000 * |
| WOTIZ, J.H. ET AL.: "Reaction of 1-alkynes with organometallic compounds", JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY, vol. 30, 1965, pages 1240 - 1241 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US9534001B2 (en) | 2017-01-03 |
| US20090173914A1 (en) | 2009-07-09 |
| WO2007099173A1 (de) | 2007-09-07 |
| CN101443337A (zh) | 2009-05-27 |
| DE102007010953A1 (de) | 2007-09-06 |
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