EP1991818A1 - Soupape de détente pour un système d'air conditionné - Google Patents

Soupape de détente pour un système d'air conditionné

Info

Publication number
EP1991818A1
EP1991818A1 EP07702921A EP07702921A EP1991818A1 EP 1991818 A1 EP1991818 A1 EP 1991818A1 EP 07702921 A EP07702921 A EP 07702921A EP 07702921 A EP07702921 A EP 07702921A EP 1991818 A1 EP1991818 A1 EP 1991818A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
expansion valve
valve according
refrigerant
valve
actuator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07702921A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Axel MÜLLER
Rene Schulz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thomas Magnete GmbH
Original Assignee
Thomas Magnete GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thomas Magnete GmbH filed Critical Thomas Magnete GmbH
Publication of EP1991818A1 publication Critical patent/EP1991818A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00978—Control systems or circuits characterised by failure of detection or safety means; Diagnostic methods
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/32—Cooling devices
    • B60H1/3204—Cooling devices using compression
    • B60H1/3225—Cooling devices using compression characterised by safety arrangements, e.g. compressor anti-seizure means or by signalling devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
    • F25B41/31—Expansion valves
    • F25B41/34—Expansion valves with the valve member being actuated by electric means, e.g. by piezoelectric actuators
    • F25B41/345—Expansion valves with the valve member being actuated by electric means, e.g. by piezoelectric actuators by solenoids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/005—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices of safety devices
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to expansion valve for refrigerant of an air conditioning circuit for mobile applications such as a motor vehicle according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a refrigerant based on CO 2 with the Designation R 744 from the low-pressure area to the high-pressure area of more than 100 bar and then flows through an external heat exchanger in the transcritical state, in which incoming air ensures cooling of the refrigerant.
  • an internal heat exchanger Before entering an expansion element, an internal heat exchanger further cools the fluid.
  • the expansion element consists of a thermostable expansion valve in which the reduction of the fluid pressure takes place by the throttling process. In a subsequent evaporator, the refrigerant absorbs heat from the air flowing into the interior of the vehicle.
  • R 744 operated in the supercritical range, has a pressure range three times higher than the conventional refrigerant R 134a, which due to its high global warming potential is to be substituted by R 744, since the latter is neutral in terms of the damage to the ozone layer.
  • the high pressure level at R 744 requires a correspondingly pressure-resistant design of all its components for the expansion valve in order to avoid external leakages of the refrigerant and the resulting pressure drop.
  • R 744 usually seals made of elastomeric material in the form of O-rings used.
  • the use of plastics and elastomers is problematic for components in contact with R 744 because of their solution properties for R 744 they tend to fail by explosive decompensation.
  • Expansion valves can be carried out in cartridge design. Such a cartridge valve is sealed via separate sealing elements in a separate block.
  • valves are known which are screwed with a sealing adhesive into a separate valve block containing the corresponding ports. The seal in the block interior between high and low pressure side takes over a special sealing element.
  • DE 103 05 947 A1 shows a generic expansion valve for a refrigerant for regulating the high pressure of an air conditioner.
  • the valve is designed as a cartridge valve and works as a slide valve, in which internal leakage can not be completely avoided.
  • the valve body has a pressure-tight enclosure, but inlet and outlet of the valve must be sealed against each other in the additionally required valve block.
  • DE 102 19 667 A1 shows a further expansion valve for the refrigerant R 744, in which the valve parts are integrated in a valve sleeve called as a screw sleeve.
  • the screw sleeve is Surrounded by a valve block in which channels are arranged for the inflow and outflow.
  • the screw sleeve creates additional leaks to be sealed. Even with this arrangement, no safety function is provided for the drainage of the refrigerant in the event of an accidental crash.
  • DE 196 46 849 C1 shows an arranged outside the passenger compartment emergency lowering device for an air conditioner of a motor vehicle in a crash-related accident.
  • the device is designed in the form of a nozzle which, in the event of a crash, generates an opening of the refrigerant circuit to the outlet of the refrigerant.
  • the air conditioning system each have a separate drain valve on the individual modules, which can be activated via safety-related sensors.
  • Another emergency lowering device shows DE 102 41 367 A, which uses a pyrotechnic actuator to trigger the refrigerant flow.
  • the object is achieved in combination with the preamble by the characterizing features of claim 1.
  • the avoidance of external leakage is a significant qualitative differentiator.
  • the number of points to be sealed is kept as low as possible. This is particularly important in applications for the refrigerant R 744, since in addition to the known elastomeric seals only very expensive alternatives (metallic seals, etc.) come into consideration. It is therefore proposed to address the difficulties involved in the use of plastics and elastomers for the refrigerant R 744.
  • To bypass beating parts in the solution according to the invention not only to reduce the number of points to be sealed by functional integration, but generally to bring about a complete seal both internally and externally.
  • valve block itself assumes the function of a sealing element to be provided according to the prior art between the high and a low pressure side of the expansion valve.
  • the screwing of the valve with a time-consuming bonding which also makes high demands on the cleanliness of the thread, completely eliminated.
  • the valve according to the invention is designed as a block valve, whereby a separate valve block can be omitted to achieve compact overall dimensions.
  • the direct integration of valve components into the valve block reduces the number of components without sacrificing overall functionality.
  • a device for discharging the refrigerant is installed in addition to increasing the passive safety. Through a targeted opening of the valve block itself, the refrigerant can escape from the air conditioning circuit. Additional special safety devices such as drain valves or the like on components are no longer required. By providing the necessary safety functionality for the circuit directly through the expansion valve is taken over, account for further components for the air conditioning cycle.
  • the pressure-tight space in which the refrigerant circulates under high pressure is separated from the exterior of the air conditioning system. This is also ensured for refrigerants which have a high permeation tendency.
  • the proposed emergency lowering device is a safety device and therefore triggers quickly.
  • the additional safety device in the form of the emergency lowering device comes without additional connection points. Additional sealing measures are not required.
  • the emergency lowering device is arranged outside the passenger compartment of the vehicle, so that the refrigerant is discharged outside this cell in an emergency, as mentioned, in particular the refrigerant R 744 in high concentrations could affect the health and safety of passengers in the passenger compartment.
  • the Notablasvoriques is triggered by an accident-related event.
  • the device has a release pin which, in the event of activation, can be combined by an actuator which can be actuated electromagnetically, pyrotechnically, mechanically and / or manually and which can be combined, for example, with the deployment mechanism of the airbag, the safety belts, an active headrest or other safety devices and their trigger signal can use.
  • the actuator is preferred, but not necessarily outside the pressure chamber in which the refrigerant is located.
  • the defined opening of the system takes place in the event of damage by the actuator, for example, by an electrical signal, a trigger pin moves.
  • the trip signal may also be from a sensor inside the vehicle. Gastraumes are generated, provided that a critical concentration of the refrigerant is detected.
  • the emergency lowering device can be reversible or irreversible, wherein preferably the above-mentioned additional electromagnetic actuator for the reversible solution comes into question, while the irreversible discharge device would preferably be operated using the pyrotechnic actuator or also an electromagnetically actuated actuator.
  • a targeted opening of the outer wall, through which the pressurized refrigerant can escape, takes place by displacing a sealing or seat body, preferably a ball, which is in the untripped state in the sealing position. It is in it - preferably by self-retention, d. H. by friction or alternatively by spring force - held.
  • the seat body is moved by means of a plunger, which is actuated by the actuator, out of its seat and thus releases the path of the refrigerant out of the air conditioning circuit to the outside.
  • the seat is designed in such a way that the ball is pressed into the seat when the inside of the circuit is over-pressurized, thus meeting the pressure requirements.
  • the ball seat must be secured against possible negative pressure in the interior of the circle, preferably by self-locking the ball in a conical seat with a smaller cone angle.
  • an opening for discharging the refrigerant is generated, this is irreversible.
  • the draining off of the refrigerant can be realized by a targeted opening at a predetermined breaking point provided for this purpose. Siert, preferably a bursting disc or a prepared for the same purpose position of the outer wall.
  • the opening can be made by piercing the outer wall with a mandrel or a hollow body, preferably a hollow needle, so that the refrigerant escapes indirectly through the interior of the hollow body.
  • the hollow body opens a locally prepared point in the outer wall. This may be a discontinuous wall thickness distribution, a special use in the outer wall, which itself seals the pressure chamber in the untriggered state, or with the aid of a membrane or a combination of both solutions.
  • inserts are metal foams preferably having a pore-free surface of the same material or also a membrane which seals the pressure chamber and by a special component of foam (metal, plastic, etc.), ceramic or plastic is supported.
  • the membrane can also cause an opening of the outer wall by causing it itself to break or rupture, thus allowing the refrigerant to flow out.
  • the valve according to the invention is preferably actuated electromagnetically.
  • the valve function has for this purpose a control or valve spool, which is actuated by the armature of an electromagnet and which is moved directly in the block, which also includes all external connections for the inflow and outflow of the refrigerant.
  • the pole core and the cone of the electromagnet are incorporated in the design directly into the valve block.
  • the pressure-resistant enclosure of the magnet In order to ensure that no external leakage occurs in the area of the electromagnet or other actuator for the valve, the pressure-resistant enclosure of the magnet, referred to as a sleeve, is connected directly to the control capacitor of the actuator. keradel foundedes of the magnet joined. This is preferably done cohesively, such as by welding. This completes this part of the valve pressure-resistant and leak-free. Furthermore, in this way can be dispensed with the elastomeric sealing of the armature space by means of O-rings, so that the assembly can be simplified.
  • the valve block facing away from the end of this sleeve is preferably designed hemispherical to meet the pressure requirements.
  • valve block is fixed and leak-free connected to the envelope of the valve. To avoid a further interface between the casing and the valve block, both parts may alternatively consist of a single block. If the valve stem is made of non-magnetic material, the control cone for the magnetic flux guide must be made of magnetizable material as a separate part. In this case, it is preferably joined in a metallic sealing manner with the valve block.
  • Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal cross section through the expansion valve according to the invention with emergency lowering device.
  • Fig. 2 to 6 show different variants of the emergency lowering device.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram in the form of a longitudinal cross-section through an expansion valve 1 according to the invention, which is used as an expansion element in an air conditioning system. It serves to regulate the high pressure in a transcritical CO 2 climate cycle in mobile applications. This happens because the refrigerant in the expansion valve targeted to a lower pressure is throttled (expansion organ). The internal pressure of the refrigerant is thereby reduced in an isenthalpic expansion.
  • the valve 1 has an inlet and a drain 2 in the form of channels, the connection of which can be opened or closed in the desired manner via a valve slide 3. Also intermediate positions can be regulated analogously.
  • the inlet and outlet 2 respectively forms the high or low pressure side of the valve 1, depending on the direction of the refrigerant. Since the valve can be flowed through bidirectionally, the inlet and the outlet 2 each have the same reference numerals. The throttling of the refrigerant takes place inside the valve.
  • valve functions are actuated electromagnetically by a cup-shaped electromagnet 4 shown in the upper area of FIG. 1 by means of magnet armature 5, which is driven by an externally arranged magnet coil 6 with yoke 24, which is acted upon by a plug element 7 with a corresponding drive signal.
  • the electromagnet 4 is surrounded by a housing 8, in which the magnetic coil 6 and the plug element 7 are integrated.
  • the housing 8 thus forms a space which is closed inwardly by a coaxial with the axis of the armature 5 cup-shaped sleeve 9, which serves as a guide for the lifting movement of the armature 5, wherein the open end of the sleeve 9 in the direction of the lifting movement of the armature 5 is arranged and the sleeve bottom forms the rear Hubbegrenzung and is executed like a ball.
  • the open end of the sleeve 9 is mounted directly on the outer wall of the control cone 10 of the electromagnet 4, the control cone 10 and the associated pole 13 in turn being part of a valve block 11, which is shown in the lower part of FIG.
  • valve block 11 all valve functional devices of the valve part of the expansion valve 1, such as the slide 3, the inlet or drain 2 and additionally an emergency drain device 12 integrated, which will be described in more detail below.
  • Control cone 12 and pole 13 thus form an adapter for the valve block 11.
  • the cone 12 When the valve block 11 is made of a non-magnetic material, the cone 12 must be made of magnetizable material and, unlike in Fig. 1, as a separate part. It is then joined to the valve block 11 and sealed separately.
  • the sleeve 9 of the electromagnet 4 and the valve block 11 are designed as separate components, which are joined via a junction pressure and free of leakage.
  • both components can also be designed as a compact unitary component that does not require a joint.
  • connection between sleeve 9 and control cone 10 is preferably cohesively. This not only creates a pressure-resistant anchor interior, but also a safe external leakage-free valve interior. In this way, it is possible to dispense with an additional, for example elastomeric, sealing of the armature space by means of O-rings, so that the assembly can be simplified and carried out in a process-proof manner.
  • the valve spool 3 is arranged in an axial vertical bore 16 shown in Fig. 1.
  • the valve slide 3 is moved from the darg Congressen closed position for the inlet and outlet 2 arranged perpendicular thereto in an open position.
  • the voltage applied to the plug element 7 control signal By the voltage applied to the plug element 7 control signal, the valve spool movement and thus the passage rate for the refrigerant can be controlled.
  • a spring 15 acts as a counterforce against the valve slide moved by magnetic force, which acts with its upper end against the valve slide 3 and acts on its opposite end. set end is supported at the bottom of the bore 16.
  • channels, openings or holes can be arranged on or in the slider 3.
  • the emergency lowering device 12 is integrated in the representation of FIG. 1 in the valve block 11.
  • the device 12 comprises an additional actuator 19 which is activated, for example, by a signal which is generated by sensors in the vehicle in the event of a crash or accident.
  • the valve block has for this purpose an outwardly sealed channel 17, which runs parallel to the inlet or outlet opening channel 2 in Fig. 1, and opens into the valve interior, in which the refrigerant is located.
  • the channel 17 opens in the valve spool bore 16.
  • the discharge point is closed by a closure 18 during normal operation of the valve 1.
  • the closure 18 is pushed by a ram 14 attached to the actuator 19 from its closed position to an open position.
  • the refrigerant can thus flow through the channel 17 from the valve interior into a tank arranged outside the passenger compartment or into the open air.
  • the closure 18 of the emergency lowering device 12 can be made reversible and non-reversible, wherein FIG. 2 shows an embodiment for the reversible embodiment.
  • the closure 18 of FIG. 1 is designed in the representation of FIG. 2 as a seat or sealing body in the form of a ball 20, which is brought by the plunger movement of the actuator 19 from its sitting or closed position into the open position.
  • the Contour towards the valve interior opens, so that due to the pressure difference between the valve interior and the outside of the ball 20 is centered by itself in their seat.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une soupape de détente pour des fluides réfrigérants d'un système à air conditionné d'un système de climatisation, utilisé de manière mobile, tel que dans un véhicule à moteur, comprenant au moins une amenée et une sortie (2) pour le fluide réfrigérant ainsi que des ensembles à fonction soupape destinés au fonctionnement et à la commande et une enveloppe (8, 11) résistant à la pression entourant la soupape (1). L'invention est caractérisée en ce que la soupape de détente (1) présente un bloc soupape (11), dans lequel l'amenée et la sortie (2) du fluide réfrigérant, de nombreux ensemble à fonction soupape et l'enveloppe (8, 11) sont des composants intégrés ainsi qu'un dispositif d'évacuation de secours (12), grâce auquel, en cas d'urgence, le liquide réfrigérant est évacué du circuit de climatisation.
EP07702921A 2006-02-02 2007-01-20 Soupape de détente pour un système d'air conditionné Withdrawn EP1991818A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006004781A DE102006004781B4 (de) 2006-02-02 2006-02-02 Expansionsventil für eine Klimaanlage
PCT/EP2007/000493 WO2007087992A1 (fr) 2006-02-02 2007-01-20 Soupape de détente pour un système d'air conditionné

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1991818A1 true EP1991818A1 (fr) 2008-11-19

Family

ID=38117037

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07702921A Withdrawn EP1991818A1 (fr) 2006-02-02 2007-01-20 Soupape de détente pour un système d'air conditionné

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1991818A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102006004781B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007087992A1 (fr)

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US20090032113A1 (en) * 2007-08-02 2009-02-05 Autoliv Asp, Inc. Flameless relief valve
US7913503B2 (en) 2008-05-22 2011-03-29 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Refrigerant expansion assembly with pressure relief
DE102009058153A1 (de) * 2009-12-12 2011-06-16 Volkswagen Ag Kraftfahrzeug und Klimaaggregatleitung
DE102010004804A1 (de) * 2010-01-16 2011-07-21 GM Global Technology Operations LLC, ( n. d. Ges. d. Staates Delaware ), Mich. Klimaanlage eines Kraftfahrzeugs
JP5642881B2 (ja) 2011-08-17 2014-12-17 株式会社日立製作所 車両用機器温調システム
AT516243B1 (de) * 2014-08-26 2017-04-15 Hirtenberger Automotive Safety Gmbh & Co Kg Pyrotechnische Trenneinrichtung für eine Klimaanlage
DE202019104700U1 (de) * 2019-08-27 2020-12-01 Faiveley Transport Leipzig Gmbh & Co. Kg Klimaanlage für ein Schienenfahrzeug (Druckentlastung im Kältekreis durch Abblasen von Kältemittel über Diffusor)
DE102021123957A1 (de) 2021-09-16 2023-03-16 Hanon Systems Kältemittelventil

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2007087992A1 (fr) 2007-08-09
DE102006004781B4 (de) 2007-11-15
DE102006004781A1 (de) 2007-08-09

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