EP1990271B1 - Submarine - Google Patents
Submarine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1990271B1 EP1990271B1 EP08004988A EP08004988A EP1990271B1 EP 1990271 B1 EP1990271 B1 EP 1990271B1 EP 08004988 A EP08004988 A EP 08004988A EP 08004988 A EP08004988 A EP 08004988A EP 1990271 B1 EP1990271 B1 EP 1990271B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- housing
- housing part
- submarine
- snorkel
- pressure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
- B63G8/00—Underwater vessels, e.g. submarines; Equipment specially adapted therefor
- B63G8/36—Adaptations of ventilation, e.g. schnorkels, cooling, heating, or air-conditioning
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
- B63G8/00—Underwater vessels, e.g. submarines; Equipment specially adapted therefor
- B63G8/38—Arrangement of visual or electronic watch equipment, e.g. of periscopes, of radar
Definitions
- the invention relates to a submarine with the features specified in the preamble of claim 1.
- submarines with an internal combustion engine as an energy supply device typically have snorkel devices that serve to suck in fresh air when submerged above the water surface and remove the exhaust gases generated by the internal combustion engine from the pressure hull of the submarine.
- line connection to the internal combustion engine is provided.
- This line connection is closed pressure-tight for diving trips below the snorkel depth with a arranged in the range of Druckismewandung closing body.
- Such a snorkel device is for example off US 1,187,522 known.
- such a closing body is arranged in a housing arranged on the outside of the pressure body.
- a line to an extendable from the tower of the submarine snorkel snorkel device is connected.
- the closing body is movable into a position closing the line connection by the pressure body or releasing this line connection.
- Penetrates a larger amount of water in the snorkel for example, by undercutting a wave in a snorkel ride of the submarine, this can then fall into the snorkel and then in cause the housing with the closing body penetrating amount of water at the same time closed by the closing body conduction in the housing pressure surge or water hammer, the worst case damage the case in a way that makes the use of the entire snorkel impossible.
- a snorkel device in which a snorkel line is guided from the interior of the pressure hull of a submarine through the pressure hull via a housing to the tower.
- the snorkel line to the pressure body by a pivotable closing body is pressure-tight closed.
- a valve is arranged on the housing. This valve can be drained through the snorkel into the housing penetrating water from the housing. As such, the valve may reduce the effect of water hammer caused by a larger amount of water falling into the snorkel and then entering the housing.
- an area of the wall of the housing is in the direct impact area of the water jet coming from the snorkel, so that damage to or destruction of the snorkel device by a water hammer can not be ruled out.
- the present invention has the object to provide a generic submarine so that the operational capability of his snorkel device is ensured even when entering the snorkel under the circumstances described above water.
- the submarine according to the invention has a pressure body and a snorkel device arranged outside the pressure body.
- the snorkel device is preferably a snorkel or snorkel mast, which is arranged in the tower of the submarine and can be moved out of the tower in the vertical direction.
- the snorkel device has a line connection to the interior of the pressure hull and there preferably with a so-called snorkel cell, which is connected upstream of an internal combustion engine.
- a snorkel cell usually serves as a collection reservoir for smaller amounts of water that can occasionally penetrate the snorkel and the line connection in snorkeling of the submarine in the pressure body.
- the line connection can be closed with a closing body arranged in the region of the pressure-body wall.
- This closing body is arranged in a housing provided on the outside of the pressure body, to which the line connects to the snorkel.
- the housing itself forms part of the line connection, which is line-connected to the snorkel device by means of a line connected thereto and to the interior of the pressure hull by means of a further line connected thereto.
- the housing has a water hammer.
- This is based on the basic idea, the effect of acting on the inner wall of the housing water hammer, which can be caused by a larger unintentionally penetrating into the snorkel and flowing through the line connection in the housing amount of water to prevent or mitigate by means of the water hammer.
- the housing itself forms the water hammer by the housing is formed at least in two parts, wherein a first pressure body side arranged housing part is elastically braced with at least one second housing part.
- the second housing part is in this case mounted elastically on the first housing part, wherein the second housing part is expediently arranged so that an inner wall of the second housing part is formed on the housing line connection to the snorkel device in the water jet direction opposite. If water penetrating into the housing via this line connection exerts a water hammer on the inner wall of the second housing part, this second housing part can yield to this water hammer due to the elastic tension with the first housing part and thus damp its effect.
- the second housing part is clamped to the first housing part in such a way that it can separate from the first housing part in a water shock short, so that forms a free gap between the first and second housing part, in the housing a pressure equalization with the environment of the housing allows.
- Pre-tensioned springs are preferably provided which clamp the housing parts directly or indirectly.
- the biasing force acting on the springs is expediently used as a holding force, which holds together the clamped housing parts frictionally.
- the springs used are advantageously dimensioned so that they ensure in their biased state on the one hand a frictional connection between the two housing parts, on the other hand have such elastic behavior over a possible travel in the biasing direction that one of the housing parts can give a water hammer damped.
- the clamping of the two housing parts by means of the springs is preferably carried out on the outer sides of these housing parts, wherein the nature of the springs or spring elements used for this purpose is essentially arbitrary.
- the springs are preferably designed as compression springs which act on the second housing part in such a way that their direction of action is aligned normal to the contact plane of the second housing part with the first housing part. Accordingly, in this embodiment, the springs exert a compressive force on the housing part in the prestressed state, which presses the second housing part against the first housing part and holds the two housing parts together in this way.
- each flange is formed on both housing parts. These flanges are fastened together to form the housing by means of a plurality of screws. Conveniently, however, in this case no rigid flange connection is provided but each of the screws surrounded by a coil spring, which is arranged such that it is on the one hand on the side facing away from the first housing part of the flange of the second housing part and on the other hand to a head of the screw or one on it supporting mother sitting.
- Fig. 1 shows a submarine 2 when snorkeling below a water surface 4.
- This submarine 2 has a pressure body 6, which is surrounded by an outer skin, which forms an upper deck 8 at the top of the submarine 2.
- a tower 10 of the submarine 2 extends in the direction of the water surface 4.
- a snorkel device 12 is arranged in the form of a snorkel mast vertically extendable from the tower 10 in the direction of the water surface 4.
- Fig. 1 shows the snorkel device 12 in the extended state in which the upper, facing away from the pressure body 6 end of the snorkel mast above the water surface 4 protrudes from the water.
- a line connection is provided in the interior of the pressure body 6.
- the pressure body has an in Fig. 1 not shown, above which a housing 14 is disposed on the outside of the pressure hull.
- the housing 14 forms part of the line connection from the snorkel device 12 into the interior of the pressure hull 6, which connects one of the snorkel device 12 outgoing substantially parallel to the surface of the pressure body 6 guided line 16 with a guided from the opening of the pressure hull in the pressure body 6 line 18.
- the housing 14 serves to receive a in Fig. 2 illustrated closing body 30, with which the formed on the pressure body 6 opening for diving trips below the snorkeling depth is pressure-tight closed.
- a first pressure body side arranged housing part 20 which has a flange 22 which is fixed in the installed state on the pressure body 6 of the submarine 2.
- One of the flange 22 outgoing pipe section 24 which is provided on the pressure member 6 in the installation position facing side of the flange 22, in this case engages in the opening formed on the pressure body 6 a.
- the housing part 20 has, in the region of the flange 22, a tubular section 26, to which a section 28 adjoins the end facing away from the pressure body 6, which section widens in the shape of a shell relative to the tubular section 26.
- a closing body 30 In the region of the transition from the tubular portion 26 to the cup-shaped portion 28 of the first housing part 20 of the tubular portion 26 by means of a closing body 30 can be closed pressure-tight manner.
- the closing body 30 is designed as a cover 30, which is pivotable by means of a pivot arm formed by a connecting rod 32 into a tubular section 26 of the housing part 20 and closing this section 26 releasing position.
- Fig. 2 shows the lid 30 both in the tubular portion 26 of the housing part 20 closing position and in dash-dotted representation in the access to the section 26 releasing open position.
- the connecting rod 32 is fixed to a in the cup-shaped portion 28 of the first housing part 20 rotatably mounted actuating shaft 34.
- This actuating shaft 34 is coupled for movement with a not shown in the figures gear with a hydraulic cylinder, also not shown, wherein an extension or retraction of the hydraulic cylinder in a cover 30 in the closed or open position pivoting rotational movement of the actuating shaft 34 is transmitted.
- a flange 36 is formed, which forms a contact surface for a second housing part 38 adjoining thereto, wherein a flange 40 formed on the second housing part 38 has a contact surface and a fastening area forms with the flange 36 of the cup-shaped portion 28 of the first housing part 20.
- the second housing part 38 is designed as a substantially hemispherical hood which covers the first housing part 20 or its shell-shaped section 28. This hood is dimensioned so that the hinged to the connecting rod 32 cover 30 can be pivoted in a flow passage through the tubular portion 26 of the first housing member 26 completely releasing position.
- On the second housing part 38 is on the outside as a line connection to the line 16, which connects the housing 14 with the snorkel device 12, a normal to a central axis A of the second housing part 38 projecting pipe socket 42 is formed.
- Both the cup-shaped portion 28 of the first housing part 20 and in particular the second housing part 38 have compared to the tubular portion 26 of the first housing part 20 a significantly reduced wall thickness. This is due to the fact that the pressure-tight closable tubular portion 26 of the first housing part 20 forms part of the pressure-resistant pressure body 6 of the submarine 2 according to the invention, while the cup-shaped portion 28 of the first housing part 20 and the adjoining second housing part 36 at a tubular portion 26 of the first housing part 20 closing lid 30 for a normal dive trip, ie a dive trip below the snorkeling depth, can be flooded through the snorkel device 12 and are thus pressure balanced with respect to the environment.
- the flange 40 of the second housing part 38 has distributed over its circumference a plurality of holes 44 which are aligned perpendicular to the contact plane with the formed on the cup-shaped portion 28 of the first housing part 20 flange 36.
- the flange 36 has distributed over its circumference also a plurality of holes 46, whose arrangement corresponds to the arrangement of the holes 44 on the flange 40.
- the holes 46 formed on the flange 36 form blind holes which are provided with a thread.
- the elastic tensioning of the first housing part 20 and the second housing part 38 takes place by means of screws 48, each biasing springs 50.
- the shanks of the screws 48 are formed so long that they, when they are screwed into the holes 46 of the flange 36, protrude on the side facing away from the flange 36 of the flange 40.
- the coil springs designed as springs 50 are arranged around the screw shafts, wherein they are supported on the one hand on the heads of the screws 48 and on the other hand on the flange 40.
- the springs acting as compression springs 50 are biased so that the springs 50 press the flange 40 against the flange 36 and so press the first housing part 20 and the second housing part 38 to each other. That is, the housing parts 20 and 38 are positively connected with each other.
- the springs 50 are not pressurized with the greatest possible biasing force, Accordingly, it is possible to further compress the springs 50 starting from the prestressed state, which proves to be an advantage in a water hammer acting on the inner wall of the housing part 38.
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Unterseeboot mit den im Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 angegebenen Merkmalen.The invention relates to a submarine with the features specified in the preamble of claim 1.
Insbesondere Unterseeboote mit einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine als Energieversorgungseinrichtung weisen typischerweise Schnorcheleinrichtungen auf, die dazu dienen, bei getauchtem Zustand oberhalb der Wasseroberfläche Frischluft anzusaugen und die von der Verbrennungskraftmaschine erzeugten Abgase aus dem Druckkörper des Unterseeboots abzuführen. Zu diesem Zweck ist bei solchen Unterseebooten eine von der Schnorcheleinrichtung ausgehende Leitungsverbindung zu der Verbrennungskraftmaschine vorgesehen. Diese Leitungsverbindung ist für Tauchfahrten unterhalb der Schnorchelfahrtiefe mit einem im Bereich der Druckkörperwandung angeordneten Schließkörper druckdicht verschließbar. Eine solche Schnorcheleinrichtung ist beispielsweise aus
Bei einem bekannten Unterseeboot ist ein solcher Schließkörper in einem außenseitig des Druckkörpers angeordneten Gehäuse angeordnet. An diesem Gehäuse ist eine Leitung zu einem aus dem Turm des Unterseeboots ausfahrbaren Schnorchel der Schnorcheleinrichtung angeschlossen. In dem Gehäuse ist der Schließkörper in eine die Leitungsverbindung durch den Druckkörper verschließende oder eine diese Leitungsverbindung freigebende Stellung bewegbar. Dringt bei einer Schnorchelfahrt des Unterseeboots beispielsweise durch Unterschneiden einer Welle eine größere Wassermenge in den Schnorchel ein, kann diese dann in dem Schnorchel herabfallende und anschließend in das Gehäuse mit dem Schließkörper eindringende Wassermenge bei gleichzeitig von dem Schließkörper verschlossener Leitungsverbindung in dem Gehäuse einen Druckstoß bzw. Wasserschlag verursachen, der ungünstigstenfalls das Gehäuse in einer Weise beschädigt, die die Nutzung der gesamten Schnorcheleinrichtung unmöglich macht.In a known submarine, such a closing body is arranged in a housing arranged on the outside of the pressure body. On this case, a line to an extendable from the tower of the submarine snorkel snorkel device is connected. In the housing, the closing body is movable into a position closing the line connection by the pressure body or releasing this line connection. Penetrates a larger amount of water in the snorkel, for example, by undercutting a wave in a snorkel ride of the submarine, this can then fall into the snorkel and then in cause the housing with the closing body penetrating amount of water at the same time closed by the closing body conduction in the housing pressure surge or water hammer, the worst case damage the case in a way that makes the use of the entire snorkel impossible.
Aus
Vor diesem Hintergrund liegt der vorliegenden Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein gattungsgemäßes Unterseeboot so auszurüsten, dass die Einsatzfähigkeit seiner Schnorcheleinrichtung auch bei in den Schnorchel unter den oben beschriebenen Umständen eindringendem Wasser sichergestellt ist.Against this background, the present invention has the object to provide a generic submarine so that the operational capability of his snorkel device is ensured even when entering the snorkel under the circumstances described above water.
Diese Aufgabe wird gemäß der Erfindung durch die in Anspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmale gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen, der nachfolgenden Beschreibung und der Zeichnung angegeben.This object is achieved according to the invention by the features specified in claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the subclaims, the following description and the drawing.
Das erfindungsgemäße Unterseeboot weist einen Druckkörper und eine außerhalb des Druckkörpers angeordnete Schnorcheleinrichtung auf. Bei der Schnorcheleinrichtung handelt es sich bevorzugt um einen in dem Turm des Unterseebootes angeordneten und in vertikaler Richtung aus dem Turm herausfahrbaren Schnorchel, bzw. Schnorchelmast. Die Schnorcheleinrichtung besitzt eine Leitungsverbindung ins Innere des Druckkörpers und dort vorzugsweise mit einer so genannten Schnorchelzelle, die einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine vorgeschaltet ist. Eine solche Schnorchelzelle dient üblicherweise als Auffangreservoir für kleinere Wassermengen, die bei Schnorchelfahrt des Unterseeboots gelegentlich über den Schnorchel und die Leitungsverbindung in den Druckkörper eindringen können.The submarine according to the invention has a pressure body and a snorkel device arranged outside the pressure body. The snorkel device is preferably a snorkel or snorkel mast, which is arranged in the tower of the submarine and can be moved out of the tower in the vertical direction. The snorkel device has a line connection to the interior of the pressure hull and there preferably with a so-called snorkel cell, which is connected upstream of an internal combustion engine. Such a snorkel cell usually serves as a collection reservoir for smaller amounts of water that can occasionally penetrate the snorkel and the line connection in snorkeling of the submarine in the pressure body.
Die Leitungsverbindung ist mit einem im Bereich der Druckkörperwandung angeordneten Schließkörper abschließbar. Dieser Schließkörper ist in einem außenseitig am Druckkörper vorgesehenen Gehäuse angeordnet, an dem die Leitung zum Schnorchel anschließt. D.h., das Gehäuse bildet selbst einen Teil der Leitungsverbindung, der mittels einer daran angeschlossenen Leitung mit der Schnorcheleinrichtung und mittels einer weiteren daran angeschlossenen Leitung mit dem Inneren des Druckkörpers leitungsverbunden ist.The line connection can be closed with a closing body arranged in the region of the pressure-body wall. This closing body is arranged in a housing provided on the outside of the pressure body, to which the line connects to the snorkel. In other words, the housing itself forms part of the line connection, which is line-connected to the snorkel device by means of a line connected thereto and to the interior of the pressure hull by means of a further line connected thereto.
Gemäß der Erfindung ist vorteilhaft vorgesehen, dass das Gehäuse eine Wasserschlagsicherung aufweist. Dem liegt die Grundidee zugrunde, die Wirkung eines auf die Innenwandung des Gehäuses wirkenden Wasserschlags, der von einer größeren unbeabsichtigt in den Schnorchel eindringenden und über die Leitungsverbindung in das Gehäuse einströmenden Wassermenge verursacht werden kann, mittels der Wasserschlagsicherung zu verhindern oder abzuschwächen.According to the invention, it is advantageously provided that the housing has a water hammer. This is based on the basic idea, the effect of acting on the inner wall of the housing water hammer, which can be caused by a larger unintentionally penetrating into the snorkel and flowing through the line connection in the housing amount of water to prevent or mitigate by means of the water hammer.
Erfindungsgemäß ist vorgesehen, dass das Gehäuse selbst die Wasserschlagsicherung bildet, indem das Gehäuse zumindest zweiteilig ausgebildet ist, wobei ein erstes druckkörperseitig angeordnetes Gehäuseteil mit zumindest einem zweiten Gehäuseteil elastisch verspannt ist.According to the invention it is provided that the housing itself forms the water hammer by the housing is formed at least in two parts, wherein a first pressure body side arranged housing part is elastically braced with at least one second housing part.
Bevorzugt ist das zweite Gehäuseteil hierbei auf dem ersten Gehäuseteil elastisch gelagert, wobei das zweite Gehäuseteil zweckmäßigerweise so angeordnet ist, dass eine Innenwandung des zweiten Gehäuseteils der an dem Gehäuse ausgebildeten Leitungsverbindung zu der Schnorcheleinrichtung in Wasserstrahlrichtung gegenüber liegt. Übt über diese Leitungsverbindung in das Gehäuse eindringendes Wasser einen Wasserschlag auf die Innenwandung des zweiten Gehäuseteils aus, kann dieses zweite Gehäuseteil aufgrund der elastischen Verspannung mit dem ersten Gehäuseteil diesem Wasserschlag nachgeben und so dessen Wirkung dämpfen. Besonders vorteilhaft ist das zweite Gehäuseteil mit dem ersten Gehäuseteil derart verspannt, dass es sich von dem ersten Gehäuseteil bei einem Wasserschlag kurzfristig trennen kann, sodass sich zwischen erstem und zweitem Gehäuseteil ein freier Spalt bildet, der in dem Gehäuse einen Druckausgleich mit der Umgebung des Gehäuses ermöglicht.Preferably, the second housing part is in this case mounted elastically on the first housing part, wherein the second housing part is expediently arranged so that an inner wall of the second housing part is formed on the housing line connection to the snorkel device in the water jet direction opposite. If water penetrating into the housing via this line connection exerts a water hammer on the inner wall of the second housing part, this second housing part can yield to this water hammer due to the elastic tension with the first housing part and thus damp its effect. Particularly advantageously, the second housing part is clamped to the first housing part in such a way that it can separate from the first housing part in a water shock short, so that forms a free gap between the first and second housing part, in the housing a pressure equalization with the environment of the housing allows.
Bevorzugt sind vorgespannte Federn vorgesehen, die die Gehäuseteile mittel- oder unmittelbar verspannen. Hierbei wird zweckmäßigerweise die auf die Federn wirkende Vorspannkraft als Haltekraft benutzt, die die miteinander verspannten Gehäuseteile kraftschlüssig zusammenhält. Die verwendeten Federn sind vorteilhaft so dimensioniert, dass sie in ihrem vorgespannten Zustand einerseits einen Kraftschluss zwischen den beiden Gehäuseteile gewährleisten, andererseits ein solches elastisches Verhalten über einen möglichen Federweg in Vorspannrichtung aufweisen, dass eines der Gehäuseteile einem Wasserschlag gedämpft nachgeben kann. Die Verspannung der beiden Gehäuseteile mittels der Federn erfolgt vorzugsweise an den Außenseiten dieser Gehäuseteile, wobei die Art der hierzu verwendeten Federn bzw. Federelemente ist im Wesentlichen beliebig ist.Pre-tensioned springs are preferably provided which clamp the housing parts directly or indirectly. Here, the biasing force acting on the springs is expediently used as a holding force, which holds together the clamped housing parts frictionally. The springs used are advantageously dimensioned so that they ensure in their biased state on the one hand a frictional connection between the two housing parts, on the other hand have such elastic behavior over a possible travel in the biasing direction that one of the housing parts can give a water hammer damped. The clamping of the two housing parts by means of the springs is preferably carried out on the outer sides of these housing parts, wherein the nature of the springs or spring elements used for this purpose is essentially arbitrary.
So können zum Verspannen der Gehäuseteile z.B. Zugfedern verwendet werden, die direkt an dem ersten und dem zweiten Gehäuseteil angreifen. Bevorzugt sind die Federn allerdings als Druckfedern ausgebildet, die derart an dem zweiten Gehäuseteil angreifen, dass ihre Wirkrichtung normal zur Kontaktebene des zweiten Gehäuseteils mit dem ersten Gehäuseteil ausgerichtet ist. Dementsprechend üben die Federn bei dieser Ausgestaltung im vorgespannten Zustand auf das Gehäuseteil eine Druckkraft aus, die das zweite Gehäuseteil gegen das erste Gehäuseteil drückt und die beiden Gehäuseteile auf diese Weise zusammen hält. Gleichzeitig ermöglicht die Verspannung mittels der Druckfedern bei einem auf die Innenwandung des zweiten Gehäuseteils wirkenden Wasserschlag ein elastisches Nachgeben dieses Gehäuseteils normal zu der Kontaktebene mit dem ersten Gehäuseteil, bei dem das zweite Gehäuseteil entgegen der Vorspannrichtung der Federn von ersten Gehäuseteil abheben und so dem von dem Wasserschlag verursachten Druckstoß auf das zweite Gehäuseteil dämpfen kann.Thus, to clamp the housing parts, e.g. Tension springs are used, which act directly on the first and the second housing part. However, the springs are preferably designed as compression springs which act on the second housing part in such a way that their direction of action is aligned normal to the contact plane of the second housing part with the first housing part. Accordingly, in this embodiment, the springs exert a compressive force on the housing part in the prestressed state, which presses the second housing part against the first housing part and holds the two housing parts together in this way. At the same time allows the tension by means of the compression springs at a force acting on the inner wall of the second housing part Wasserschlag an elastic yielding of this housing part normal to the contact plane with the first housing part, in which the second housing part against the biasing direction of the springs of the first housing part and thus lift off of the Water hammer caused pressure surge can dampen on the second housing part.
In einer besonders bevorzugten Ausgestaltung des Gehäuses ist an beiden Gehäuseteile jeweils zumindest ein Flansch ausgebildet. Diese Flansche sind zur Bildung des Gehäuses mittels einer Vielzahl von Schrauben miteinander befestigt. Zweckmäßigerweise ist hierbei allerdings keine starre Flanschverbindung vorgesehen sondern jede der Schrauben von einer Schraubenfeder umgeben, die derart angeordnet ist, dass sie sich einerseits an der von dem ersten Gehäuseteil abgewandten Seite des Flansches des zweiten Gehäuseteils und andererseits an einem Kopf der Schraube bzw. einer darauf sitzenden Mutter abstützt.In a particularly preferred embodiment of the housing, in each case at least one flange is formed on both housing parts. These flanges are fastened together to form the housing by means of a plurality of screws. Conveniently, however, in this case no rigid flange connection is provided but each of the screws surrounded by a coil spring, which is arranged such that it is on the one hand on the side facing away from the first housing part of the flange of the second housing part and on the other hand to a head of the screw or one on it supporting mother sitting.
Nachfolgend ist die Erfindung anhand eines in einer Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels erläutert. Darin zeigen
- Fig. 1
- eine Prinzipskizze eines Unterseeboots im Bereich von Oberdeck und Turm,
- Fig. 2
- ein Gehäuse zur Aufnahme eines Schließkörpers zum Verschließen der Leitungsverbindung im Bereich des Druckkörpers in einer Schnittdarstellung und
- Fig. 3
- ein Detail X aus
Fig. 2 in vergrößerter Darstellung
- Fig. 1
- a schematic diagram of a submarine in the area of upper deck and tower,
- Fig. 2
- a housing for receiving a closing body for closing the line connection in the region of the pressure hull in a sectional view and
- Fig. 3
- a detail X out
Fig. 2 in an enlarged view
In dem Turm 10 ist eine Schnorcheleinrichtung 12 in Form eines aus dem Turm 10 in Richtung der Wasseroberfläche 4 vertikal ausfahrbaren Schnorchelmastes angeordnet.
Ausgehend von der Schnorcheleinrichtung 12 ist eine Leitungsverbindung in das Innere des Druckkörpers 6 vorgesehen. Zu diesem Zweck weist der Druckkörper eine in
Aus
Im Bereich des Übergangs von dem rohrförmigen Abschnitt 26 zu dem schalenförmigen Abschnitt 28 des ersten Gehäuseteils 20 ist der rohrförmige Abschnitt 26 mittels eines Schließkörpers 30 druckdicht verschließbar. Der Schließkörper 30 ist als Deckel 30 ausgebildet, der mittels eines von einem Pleuel 32 gebildeten Schwenkarms in eine den rohrförmigen Abschnitt 26 des Gehäuseteils 20 verschließende und eine diesen Abschnitt 26 freigebende Stellung schwenkbar ist.
Das Pleuel 32 ist an einer in dem schalenförmigen Abschnitt 28 des ersten Gehäuseteils 20 drehbeweglich gelagerten Betätigungswelle 34 befestigt. Diese Betätigungswelle 34 ist mit einem in den Figuren nicht dargestellten Getriebe mit einem ebenfalls nicht dargestellten Hydraulikzylinder bewegungsgekoppelt, wobei eine Ausfahr- oder Einfahrbewegung des Hydraulikzylinders in eine den Deckel 30 in die Schließ- oder Öffnungsstellung verschwenkende Drehbewegung der Betätigungswelle 34 übertragen wird.The connecting
An dem von dem rohrförmigen Abschnitt 26 beabstandeten Ende des schalenförmigen Abschnitts 28 des ersten Gehäuseteils 20 ist ein Flansch 36 ausgebildet, der eine Auflagefläche für ein daran anschließendes zweites Gehäuseteil 38 bildet, wobei ein an dem zweiten Gehäuseteil 38 ausgebildeter Flansch 40 eine Kontaktfläche und einen Befestigungsbereich mit dem Flansch 36 des schalenförmigen Abschnitts 28 des ersten Gehäuseteils 20 bildet. Das zweite Gehäuseteil 38 ist als eine im Wesentlichen halbkugelförmige Haube ausgebildet, die das erste Gehäuseteil 20 bzw. dessen schalenförmigen Abschnitt 28 abdeckt. Diese Haube ist so dimensioniert, dass der an dem Pleuel 32 angelenkte Deckel 30 in eine den Strömungsdurchgang durch den rohrförmigen Abschnitt 26 des ersten Gehäusebauteils 26 vollständig freigebende Stellung verschwenkt werden kann. An dem zweiten Gehäuseteil 38 ist außenseitig als Leitungsverbindung zu der Leitung 16, die das Gehäuse 14 mit der Schnorcheleinrichtung 12 verbindet, ein normal zu einer Mittelachse A des zweiten Gehäuseteils 38 auskragender Rohrstutzen 42 ausgebildet.At the end of the cup-shaped
Sowohl der schalenförmige Abschnitt 28 des ersten Gehäuseteils 20 als auch insbesondere das zweite Gehäuseteil 38 weisen gegenüber dem rohrförmigen Abschnitt 26 des ersten Gehäuseteils 20 eine deutlich verringerte Wandstärke auf. Dies ist darin begründet, dass der druckdicht verschließbare rohrförmige Abschnitt 26 des ersten Gehäuseteils 20 Teil des druckbeständigen Druckkörpers 6 des erfindungsgemäßen Unterseeboots 2 bildet, während der schalenförmige Abschnitt 28 des ersten Gehäuseteils 20 sowie das sich daran anschließende zweite Gehäuseteil 36 bei einem den rohrförmigen Abschnitt 26 des ersten Gehäuseteils 20 verschließenden Deckel 30 für eine normale Tauchfahrt, d.h. eine Tauchfahrt unterhalb der Schnorchelfahrttiefe, über die Schnorcheleinrichtung 12 geflutet werden können und so gegenüber der Umgebung druckausgeglichen sind.Both the cup-shaped
Aus
Der Flansch 40 des zweiten Gehäuseteils 38 weist über seinen Umfang verteilt eine Vielzahl von Bohrungen 44 auf, die senkrecht zur Kontaktebene mit dem an dem schalenförmigen Abschnitt 28 des ersten Gehäuseteils 20 ausgebildeten Flansch 36 ausgerichtet sind. Der Flansch 36 weist über seinen Umfang verteilt ebenfalls eine Vielzahl von Bohrungen 46 auf, deren Anordnung mit der Anordnung der Bohrungen 44 an dem Flansch 40 korrespondiert. Die an dem Flansch 36 ausgebildeten Bohrungen 46 bilden Sacklöcher, die mit einem Gewinde versehen sind.The
Die elastische Verspannung von erstem Gehäuseteil 20 und zweitem Gehäuseteil 38 erfolgt mittels Schrauben 48, die jeweils Federn 50 vorspannen. Die Schäfte der Schrauben 48 sind derart lang ausgebildet, dass sie dann, wenn sie in die Bohrungen 46 des Flansches 36 eingeschraubt sind, an der von dem Flansch 36 abgewandten Seite des Flansches 40 herausragen. In diesem herausragenden Bereich der Schäfte der Schrauben 48 sind die als Schraubenfedern ausgebildeten Federn 50 um die Schraubenschäfte herum angeordnet, wobei sie sich einerseits an den Köpfen der Schrauben 48 und andererseits an dem Flansch 40 abstützen. Hierbei sind die als Druckfedern wirkenden Federn 50 vorgespannt, so dass die Federn 50 den Flansch 40 gegen den Flansch 36 drücken und so das erste Gehäuseteil 20 und das zweite Gehäuseteil 38 aufeinander pressen. D.h., die Gehäuseteile 20 und 38 sind miteinander kraftschlüssig verbunden.The elastic tensioning of the
Die Federn 50 sind nicht mit der größtmöglichen Vorspannkraft druckbeaufschlagt, Dementsprechend ist es möglich, die Federn 50 ausgehend von dem vorgespannten Zustand noch weiter zusammenzudrücken, was sich bei einem auf die Innenwandung des Gehäuseteils 38 wirkenden Wasserschlag als Vorteil erweist. Dringt bei geschlossenem Deckel 30 abrupt eine größere Wassermenge über die Schnorcheleinrichtung 12, die Leitung 16 und den daran angeschlossenen Rohrstutzen 42 des zweiten Gehäuseteils 38 in das Gehäuse 14 ein, kann die damit verbunden Druckbelastung des zweiten Gehäuseteils 38 abgedämpft werden, indem sich das zweite Gehäuseteil entgegen der Vorspannung der Federn 50 von dem ersten Gehäuseteil 20 abhebt, wobei der dann zwischen dem ersten Gehäuseteil 20 und dem zweiten Gehäuseteil 38 entstehende Spalt auch einen Druckausgleich zwischen dem Innenraum des Gehäuses 14 und dessen Umgebung ermöglicht. Ein Abreißen des zweiten Gehäuseteils 38 von dem ersten Gehäuseteil 20 kann auf diese Weise verhindert werden.The
- 22
- Unterseebootsubmarine
- 44
- Wasseroberflächewater surface
- 66
- Druckkörperpressure vessels
- 88th
- Oberdeckupper deck
- 1010
- Turmtower
- 1212
- Schnorcheleinrichtungsnorkeling equipment
- 1414
- Gehäusecasing
- 1616
- Leitungmanagement
- 1818
- Leitungmanagement
- 2020
- Gehäuseteilhousing part
- 2222
- Flanschflange
- 2424
- Rohrabschnittpipe section
- 2626
- Abschnittsection
- 2828
- Abschnittsection
- 3030
- Schließkörper, DeckelClosing body, lid
- 3232
- Pleuelpleuel
- 3434
- Wellewave
- 3636
- Flanschflange
- 3838
- Gehäuseteilhousing part
- 4040
- Flanschflange
- 4242
- Rohrstutzenpipe socket
- 4444
- Bohrungdrilling
- 4646
- Bohrungdrilling
- 4848
- Schraubescrew
- 5050
- Federfeather
- AA
- Mittelachsecentral axis
- XX
- Detaildetail
Claims (4)
- A submarine (2) with a pressure hull (6) and with a snorkel device (12) which is arranged outside the pressure hull (6) and which comprises a conduit connection to the inside of the pressure hull (6), wherein the conduit connection may be locked by a closure body (30) arranged in the region of the pressure hull wall (6), and the closure body (30) is arranged in a housing (14) which is arranged on the outer side of the pressure hull (6) and to which the conduit connection connects, and wherein the housing (14) comprises a water-hammer safeguard, characterised in that the housing (14) is designed of at least two parts, wherein a first housing part (20) arranged on the pressure hull side is elastically braced to at least one second housing part (38), for forming the water-hammer safeguard.
- A submarine (2) according to claim 1, characterised in that biased springs (50) are provided, which brace the housing parts (20, 38) in an indirect or direct manner.
- A submarine (2) according to claim 2, characterised in that the springs (50) are designed as compression springs and engage on the second housing part (38) in a manner such that their active directions are aligned normally to the contact plane with the first housing part (20).
- A submarine (2) according to claim 3, characterised in that at least one flange (36, 40) is formed on both housing parts (20, 38), wherein the flanges (36, 40) of the two housing parts (20, 38) are fastened to one another by way of a multitude of screws (48), wherein each of the screws (48) is surrounded by a helical spring (50), which is arranged in a manner such that on the one hand it is supported on the side of the flange (40) of the second housing part (38), said side distant to the first housing part (20), and on the other hand on a head of the screw (48) or a nut seated thereon.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102007021189A DE102007021189B3 (en) | 2007-05-05 | 2007-05-05 | Submarine boat, has housing designed as two-piece, pressure body-side arranged housing part flexibly braced with another housing part for forming water hammer locking, and snorkel mechanism arranged outside pressure body |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1990271A1 EP1990271A1 (en) | 2008-11-12 |
EP1990271B1 true EP1990271B1 (en) | 2009-04-08 |
Family
ID=39564208
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP08004988A Active EP1990271B1 (en) | 2007-05-05 | 2008-03-18 | Submarine |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1990271B1 (en) |
KR (1) | KR101001334B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE427880T1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE102007021189B3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2323198T3 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ITBO20110383A1 (en) * | 2011-06-29 | 2012-12-30 | Calzoni Srl | AIR SUCTION DEVICE |
DE102012208758B3 (en) * | 2012-05-24 | 2013-09-19 | Thyssenkrupp Marine Systems Gmbh | Method for controlling a head valve on a snorkel of a submarine |
KR200492163Y1 (en) | 2015-11-11 | 2020-08-20 | 대우조선해양 주식회사 | Mast of underwater moving object integrated snorkel flap |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1099127A (en) * | 1914-02-20 | 1914-06-02 | Marley Fotheringham Hay | Ventilating-shaft for submarines. |
US1187522A (en) * | 1915-07-28 | 1916-06-20 | Electric Boat Co | Submarine boat. |
US6532887B1 (en) * | 2001-10-01 | 2003-03-18 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Small device launch system |
-
2007
- 2007-05-05 DE DE102007021189A patent/DE102007021189B3/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2008
- 2008-03-18 ES ES08004988T patent/ES2323198T3/en active Active
- 2008-03-18 AT AT08004988T patent/ATE427880T1/en active
- 2008-03-18 DE DE502008000009T patent/DE502008000009D1/en active Active
- 2008-03-18 EP EP08004988A patent/EP1990271B1/en active Active
- 2008-04-30 KR KR1020080040529A patent/KR101001334B1/en active IP Right Grant
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE427880T1 (en) | 2009-04-15 |
KR101001334B1 (en) | 2010-12-14 |
KR20080098469A (en) | 2008-11-10 |
EP1990271A1 (en) | 2008-11-12 |
DE102007021189B3 (en) | 2008-07-31 |
DE502008000009D1 (en) | 2009-05-20 |
ES2323198T3 (en) | 2009-07-08 |
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