EP1987930A1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Artikeln aus losem Material zur Bereitstellung von Türen, Gehäusen und Anderem - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Artikeln aus losem Material zur Bereitstellung von Türen, Gehäusen und Anderem Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1987930A1
EP1987930A1 EP07425261A EP07425261A EP1987930A1 EP 1987930 A1 EP1987930 A1 EP 1987930A1 EP 07425261 A EP07425261 A EP 07425261A EP 07425261 A EP07425261 A EP 07425261A EP 1987930 A1 EP1987930 A1 EP 1987930A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
compaction
loose material
mold part
upper mold
value
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP07425261A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Paolo Benedetti
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Imal SRL
Original Assignee
Imal SRL
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Imal SRL filed Critical Imal SRL
Priority to EP07425261A priority Critical patent/EP1987930A1/de
Priority to PCT/EP2008/055373 priority patent/WO2008135509A1/en
Publication of EP1987930A1 publication Critical patent/EP1987930A1/de
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
    • B27N3/20—Moulding or pressing characterised by using platen-presses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/02—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses using a ram exerting pressure on the material in a moulding space
    • B30B11/027—Particular press methods or systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus for forming articles made of loose material, for example of the type of wood in flakes, chips, powder or others, particularly for manufacturing doors, casings, shutters and parts of pieces of furniture, frames or others, and to the corresponding formation process.
  • Methods and apparatuses for forming semifinished articles of the type of wood or other materials in flakes, fibers, chips, powder or others, to provide doors, casings and others which entail pressing loose material such as chips, fiber or powder together with adhesives to form panels which are indeed known as chipwood, MDF or HDF and which at the end of the method have uniform density and regular geometric characteristics.
  • the panels After the pressing step, the panels have to be cut and/or bonded in order to give them the chosen shape, for example to obtain variations in thickness, shape or others.
  • the panel bonding and cutting steps have high personnel management costs and entail a high time and energy expenditure on the part of operators assigned to finishing the semifinished articles.
  • the aim of the present invention is to eliminate the drawbacks cited above of the background art, by providing a method and an apparatus for forming loose material, for example of the type of wood in flakes, fiber, chips, powder or others, which allow to provide doors, casings, frames, cases, solid contoured panels with differentiated density or others, while minimizing manufacturing waste and the steps of processing after the compaction of the loose material.
  • an object of the method and of the apparatus according to the invention is to minimize the consumption of wood material or others used to produce the articles.
  • Another object of the invention is to reduce plant and labor costs required for the processing of the articles.
  • Another object of the apparatus and of the method according to the invention is to allow greater strength of the article for an equal total weight of the loose material used.
  • Another object is to render the article formed with the method according to the invention fire-resistant and/or water-resistant.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a structure which is simple, relatively easy to provide in practice, safe in use, effective in operation and has a relatively low cost.
  • the present method for forming loose material to provide articles such as doors, casings or others which comprises at least one step for premixing with a binding element said loose material, at least one step of first compaction at a first pressure and/or density value of the loose material premixed with said binding material, characterized in that it comprises at least one step of second compaction of at least one portion of said loose material at at least one second pressure and/or density value which is different from said first value.
  • the method according to the invention is performed preferably but not exclusively by means of an apparatus for forming loose material to provide articles such as doors, casings or others, which comprises at least one upper mold part and one lower mold part which can be moved mutually closer and superimposed with the interposition of at least one layer of loose material which is premixed with an element for binding said loose material in order to compact at least one article at a first pressure and/or density value, said lower mold part providing at least one formation chamber and comprising first means for the compaction of the loose material contained in said chamber, characterized in that it comprises second means for compaction at at least one second pressure and/or density value, which is different from said first value, of at least one portion of said loose material, said second compaction means being associated with said upper mold part and/or said lower mold part.
  • the reference numeral 1 generally designates an apparatus for forming loose material 2 to provide articles M.
  • the articles M are for example of the type of doors, casings or others, such as frames, cases, solid contoured panels with differentiated density, crossmembers such as stringers for pallets, and others.
  • the loose material 2 is of the type of a wooden material or other material in flakes, fibers, chips or powder, which is substantially homogeneous and is fed with a continuous flow.
  • the loose material 2 receives the preliminary addition of a binding element, which is adapted to facilitate its curing during the step for formation by pressing and is moved by means of a conventional supply line or a loading station, not shown in the figure, for example such as a conveyor belt.
  • the apparatus 1 comprises an upper mold part 3 and a lower mold part 4, which can be moved mutually closer and superimposed with the interposition of at least one layer of the loose material 2, which is premixed with the binding element.
  • the article M is provided by superimposing three layers of the loose material 2 having respectively fine, coarse and fine particle size.
  • loading can be performed by means of a loading device which comprises a sliding unit which can move transversely to the direction of approach between the upper mold part 3 and the lower mold part 4 and above the latter.
  • the sliding unit is provided with a lower opening for the descent of the loose material 2 to be loaded.
  • Inside the sliding unit there are two comb-like rollers, the discordant rotation of which allows the controlled and regular supply of the loose material 2.
  • the loading device comprises a plurality of sliding units depending on the type of loading selected.
  • the upper mold part 3 and the lower mold part 4 are shaped so as to give, at the end of the formation process, the finished shape of the article M, which as mentioned is of the type for example of a door, a casing, or others.
  • the upper mold part 3 and the lower mold part 4 are suitable for pressing at least one article M at a first pressure and/or density value P1 of the loose material 2.
  • the lower mold part 4 is provided with a formation element 4' such as to form at least one formation chamber and comprises first means 4" for compacting the loose material 2 contained in said formation chamber.
  • the first compaction means 4" are associated slidingly with the formation element 4' in order to retain laterally the loose material 2; the upper mold part 3 is adapted to face in an upper region the formation element 4' for the upper retention of the loose material 2 during its pressing; however, equivalent technical variations of the upper mold part 3 and of the lower mold part are not excluded in which, for example, the lower mold part 4 is provided with side walls.
  • the formation element 4' has a different shape and depth depending on the article M to be formed and on its structural characteristics.
  • the apparatus 1 comprises second independent means 5 for compacting at least one portion 6 of the loose material 2 to at least one second pressure and/or density value P2, which is different from the first value P1.
  • the second compaction means 5 are associated with the upper mold part 3 and/or the lower mold part 4; in the particular embodiment shown, the second compaction means 5 are associated with the lower mold part 4, and also can slide with respect to the formation element 4'.
  • the apparatus 1 comprises means 7 for pushing the first and second compaction means 4" and 5 and the upper mold part 3, which are associated with at least one of them for the compaction of the loose material 2 at the two different pressure and/or density values P1 and P2.
  • the stroke of the second compaction means 5 determines the second pressure and/or density value P2
  • the stroke of the first compaction means 4" determines the first pressure and/or density value P1.
  • the pusher means 7 are associated with the second compaction means 5 and with the first compaction means 4" by way of respective bars 8a and 8b.
  • the bars 8a and 8b are arranged substantially horizontally for actuation with a translational motion along a direction which is substantially parallel to the direction of mutual approach of the upper and lower mold parts 3 and 4 respectively, of the first and second compaction means.
  • each of the first and second compaction means 4" and 5 respectively may be provided with independent pusher means 7.
  • the pusher means 7 comprise at least one linear actuator, of the type of a conventional actuator with a hydraulic or pneumatic fluid medium, or equivalently it is possible to provide mechanical or electrical actuators depending on the construction requirements of the apparatus 1.
  • the apparatus 1 comprises a plurality of mutually independent actuators which are associated respectively with the upper mold part 3 and with the first and second compaction means 4" and 5 for the translational actuation thereof.
  • the linear actuators have an action which is substantially parallel to the direction of mutual approach of the upper and lower mold parts 3 and 4 respectively.
  • the second compaction means 5 are associated slidingly with the formation element 4', the tops 9a and 9b respectively of the second compaction means 5 and of the first compaction means 4", being in a so-called loading configuration, in which the lower mold part 4 and the upper mold part 3 are mutually spaced.
  • the formation element 4' is at least partially laterally adjacent to the first and second compaction means 4" and 5 and the upper mold part 3 is raised from them; the formation element 4' defines the formation chamber, which is for example of the type of a recess 10 for accommodating the loose material 2 to be formed.
  • the recesses 10 have different depths depending on whether they are provided at the first or second compaction means 4" or 5 to provide regions with different density of the loose material 2 in the finished article M, depending on the quantity of the loose material 2 loaded therein.
  • the tops 9a and 9b respectively of the second compaction means 5 and of the first compaction means 4" are mutually aligned in order to form a substantially flat surface for forming an article M which has a substantially continuous and flat surface and a uniform thickness.
  • the second configuration termed pressing configuration, is shown in Figure 2 , and has the lower mold part 4 and the upper mold part 3 mutually close for the compaction of the interposed loose material 2.
  • first and second compaction means 4" and 5 are not excluded in which, for example, the top 9a of the second compaction means 5 is not aligned with respect to the top 9b of the first compaction means 4" to form an article M which has different thicknesses and a discontinuous surface, and the top 9a in the second configuration can be at a higher or lower level than the top 9b.
  • the apparatus 1 comprises a plurality of second compaction means 5 at a plurality of portions 6 made of the loose material 2 for compaction to the second pressure and/or density value P2, which in particular is greater and/or lower than the first pressure and/or density value P1.
  • the first and second compaction means 4" and 5, in cooperation with the upper mold part 3, are contoured for the shape of the finished article M and are such as to determine in said article regions with different density of the loose material 2, which is pressed according to the depth of the recesses 10.
  • the regions with high density, located at the portions 6 of the loose material 2 are provided in the regions of installation of the hinges or others to ensure high resistance to stresses of the article M; the recesses 10 at the second compaction means 5 are therefore deeper than the recesses 10 at the first compaction means 4".
  • the apparatus 1 further comprises at least one core 11, which is interposed between the upper mold part 3 and the lower mold part 4 in order to form hollows or voids in the article M.
  • the core 11 can be associated equally with at least one of the upper mold 3, the lower mold 4 and the second compaction means 5 or can be simply interposed detachably between them.
  • the apparatus 1 comprises means for setting the height of at least one of the first and second compaction means 4" and 5 in order to determine the depth of the recesses 10 for accommodating the loose material 2, at the portions 6 in the loading configuration.
  • the setting means comprise a control valve or other device, not shown in the figure, which is associated with each actuator in order to set the height of the top 9a and of the top 9b in order to determine the quantity of the loose material 2 inside the recesses 10 and therefore the density values of said loose material in the finished article M at the portion 6.
  • the apparatus further comprises means for adjusting the stroke of at least one of the first and second compaction means 4" and 5 in order to determine the first and second pressure and/or density values, respectively P1 and P2, also not shown in the figure since they are of a known type.
  • the apparatus comprises means for heating the upper mold part 3 and/or the first and second compaction means 4" and 5.
  • Such heating means comprise at least one hydraulic circuit 12, which is associated with the upper mold part and with said first and second compaction means, for the passage of at least one first preheated fluid.
  • the heating means are of the electrical type, since they are provided with a resistance or other device for heating at least one among the upper mold part 3, the lower mold part 4 and the second compaction means 5.
  • the apparatus 1 further comprises means for injecting at least one second hot fluid into the loose material 2, which advantageously comprise ports 13 for the discharge of the second fluid which are associated with the upper mold part 3 and with the first and second compaction means 4" and 5.
  • the first and second fluid coincide and are of the type of water vapor or others and the discharge ports 13 are associated with terminal portions of the hydraulic circuit 12, the injected fluid allowing to heat and/or spread the loose material 2.
  • the apparatus 1 comprises means for extracting the formed article M, which comprise at least one pusher, such as a flap which is actuated hydraulically or others, for pushing the formed article M, which rests on the first and second compaction means 4" and 5, when the apparatus 1 is in a configuration, termed configuration for unloading the article M, shown in Figure 3 , in which said first and second compaction means are in the pressing configuration and the upper mold part 3 is raised as in the loading configuration.
  • at least one pusher such as a flap which is actuated hydraulically or others
  • the apparatus 1 further comprises a unit for controlling and actuating the steps for loading, compaction of the loose material and unloading of the article M, of the type of a traditional electronic board or a PLC.
  • the upper mold part 3, the first and second compaction means 4" and 5, the setting means and the adjustment means, as well as the injection and heating means, are functionally associated with the control and actuation unit for the controlled and automated determination of the pressing and optimization parameters of the formation cycle.
  • the formation method according to the invention is as follows.
  • the formation of the loose material 2 to provide the articles M such as doors, casings or others provides at least one step for premixing a binding element to the loose material 2 and at least one step for first compaction, which is performed by interposing the loose material 2 between the upper mold part 3 and the lower mold part 4, at a first pressure and/or density value P 1 depending on the construction parameters.
  • the method has a step for second compaction of the portion 6 to at least one second pressure and/or density value P2, which is greater or smaller than the first pressure and/or density value P1, for compaction to a presettable density value of said portion.
  • steps of first and second compaction are performed simultaneously, but different embodiments of the method are not excluded in which the step of second compaction is performed after said step of first compaction or vice versa.
  • the method according to the invention can provide for the heating and/or spreading of the loose material 2 by means of the first and/or second fluid, such as water vapor or other technically equivalent, during the step of first and second compaction, in order to optimize the process of consolidation of the element that binds the loose material 2 and therefore of the article M.
  • first and/or second fluid such as water vapor or other technically equivalent
  • the described invention achieves the proposed aim and objects and in particular the fact is stressed that the method and the apparatus for forming loose material according to the invention, by eliminating the step of cutting the semifinished article, allows to provide doors, casings, frames or others, further minimizing processing waste and the steps of processing after the compaction of the loose material.
  • the apparatus and the formation method as conceived allow to minimize the consumption of wooden or other material used to produce the articles, reducing production waste.
  • the apparatus and the method as studied allow to reduce plant and labor costs required for the processing of the articles.
  • the apparatus and the formation method according to the invention allow greater strength of the article for an equal total weight of the loose material used.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
EP07425261A 2007-05-04 2007-05-04 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Artikeln aus losem Material zur Bereitstellung von Türen, Gehäusen und Anderem Ceased EP1987930A1 (de)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07425261A EP1987930A1 (de) 2007-05-04 2007-05-04 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Artikeln aus losem Material zur Bereitstellung von Türen, Gehäusen und Anderem
PCT/EP2008/055373 WO2008135509A1 (en) 2007-05-04 2008-04-30 Method and apparatus for forming articles made of loose material to provide doors, casings or others

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07425261A EP1987930A1 (de) 2007-05-04 2007-05-04 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Artikeln aus losem Material zur Bereitstellung von Türen, Gehäusen und Anderem

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1987930A1 true EP1987930A1 (de) 2008-11-05

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EP07425261A Ceased EP1987930A1 (de) 2007-05-04 2007-05-04 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Artikeln aus losem Material zur Bereitstellung von Türen, Gehäusen und Anderem

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP1987930A1 (de)
WO (1) WO2008135509A1 (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011079934A1 (de) * 2010-01-04 2011-07-07 Martin Denesi Verfahren zum herstellen eines partikelbasierten elements
ITBO20100314A1 (it) * 2010-05-18 2011-11-19 Biesse Spa Procedimento per la produzione di manufatti, materiale composito e manufatto
WO2018115278A1 (en) * 2016-12-22 2018-06-28 Imal S.R.L. Apparatus for forming a monolithic compressed wood pallet with increased load capacity

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3103254A (en) * 1959-01-26 1963-09-10 U S Perlite Corp Acoustical tile and method of producing the same
US4355754A (en) * 1981-05-18 1982-10-26 Board Of Control Of Michigan Technological University Structural members comprised of composite wood material and having zones of diverse density
US4812188A (en) * 1985-10-10 1989-03-14 Hansen Hardy V Method for producing covering plate members for door or panel elements
US5100601A (en) 1989-05-23 1992-03-31 Anton Heggenstaller Gmbh Process for pressing a flexurally rigid, beam-shaped molding
EP0774316A1 (de) * 1995-11-16 1997-05-21 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Pulverpresslingen
US20030230827A1 (en) * 2002-06-18 2003-12-18 Soh Sung Kuk Method and apparatus for producing non-planar formed parts using compaction molding compounds, and parts formed using same
WO2005046950A1 (en) 2003-11-13 2005-05-26 Swedwood International Ab Particle board
ITMO20050291A1 (it) * 2005-11-04 2007-05-05 Imal Srl Macchina per la formatura di manufatti in materiale incoerente, particolarmente per la realizazione di traversine per palette di caricamento, e metodo relativo
WO2007057752A1 (en) * 2005-11-16 2007-05-24 Inter Ikea Systems B.V. Chipboard comprising decorative recess and manufacturing method

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3103254A (en) * 1959-01-26 1963-09-10 U S Perlite Corp Acoustical tile and method of producing the same
US4355754A (en) * 1981-05-18 1982-10-26 Board Of Control Of Michigan Technological University Structural members comprised of composite wood material and having zones of diverse density
US4812188A (en) * 1985-10-10 1989-03-14 Hansen Hardy V Method for producing covering plate members for door or panel elements
US5100601A (en) 1989-05-23 1992-03-31 Anton Heggenstaller Gmbh Process for pressing a flexurally rigid, beam-shaped molding
EP0774316A1 (de) * 1995-11-16 1997-05-21 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Pulverpresslingen
US20030230827A1 (en) * 2002-06-18 2003-12-18 Soh Sung Kuk Method and apparatus for producing non-planar formed parts using compaction molding compounds, and parts formed using same
WO2005046950A1 (en) 2003-11-13 2005-05-26 Swedwood International Ab Particle board
ITMO20050291A1 (it) * 2005-11-04 2007-05-05 Imal Srl Macchina per la formatura di manufatti in materiale incoerente, particolarmente per la realizazione di traversine per palette di caricamento, e metodo relativo
WO2007057752A1 (en) * 2005-11-16 2007-05-24 Inter Ikea Systems B.V. Chipboard comprising decorative recess and manufacturing method

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011079934A1 (de) * 2010-01-04 2011-07-07 Martin Denesi Verfahren zum herstellen eines partikelbasierten elements
CN102712098A (zh) * 2010-01-04 2012-10-03 达斯科诺威有限公司 生产颗粒型部件的方法
ITBO20100314A1 (it) * 2010-05-18 2011-11-19 Biesse Spa Procedimento per la produzione di manufatti, materiale composito e manufatto
WO2018115278A1 (en) * 2016-12-22 2018-06-28 Imal S.R.L. Apparatus for forming a monolithic compressed wood pallet with increased load capacity
CN110087844A (zh) * 2016-12-22 2019-08-02 Imal有限责任公司 用于形成具有增大的装载能力的整体压缩木制托盘的设备
US10882659B2 (en) 2016-12-22 2021-01-05 Imal S.R.L. Apparatus for forming a monolithic compressed wood pallet with increased load capacity
RU2750722C2 (ru) * 2016-12-22 2021-07-01 Имал С.Р.Л. Устройство для формирования монолитного поддона из прессованной древесины с повышенной допускаемой нагрузкой
CN110087844B (zh) * 2016-12-22 2022-03-29 Imal有限责任公司 用于形成具有增大的装载能力的整体压缩木制托盘的设备

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