EP1964992B1 - Insulating panel for insulating the exterior of buildings - Google Patents

Abstract

A heat insulation panel is applied to the external wall of a building and consists primarily of a dark-pigmented expanded polystyrene foam (1). The panel outer face incorporates an embedded network (2) of white, extruded polystyrene, alternating with the black.

Description

The present invention relates to an insulation board for the external thermal insulation of buildings, the use of the insulation board for the external thermal insulation of buildings and a method for producing the insulating board according to the preambles of the independent claims.

When building thermal insulation on the exterior of buildings, typically a thermal barrier coating is first made from individual insulation panels on the outside of the building, e.g. on the facade and / or on the building roof, and then on the outside weather protection attached, e.g. in the form of a plaster layer applied to the thermal barrier coating or a ventilated protective facade made of wood or cement boards. In particular, when using insulation boards made of a plastic foam material, however, often results in the problem that the prepared from the insulation boards thermal insulation layer over a longer period alternately intense sunlight and strong cold may be exposed before attaching the weather protection, resulting in relatively strong thermal dimensional changes of the insulation boards and can lead to a detachment of the same from the substrate with glued insulation boards. If the insulation panels are processed in intense sunlight, there is also the problem that they can contract after gluing and it can come to open plate joints, which can form cold bridges. For very bright board materials, e.g. In the case of insulation boards made of unpigmented EPS (expanded polystyrene), the unprotected thermal insulation layer can also create a dazzling effect, which must be avoided.

From the EP-A-1 304 203 is known an insulation board, which is suitable for the external insulation of buildings, and which has a plate-shaped base body made of a plastic material.

It is therefore the task of an insulating board and a method for their preparation available to provide, which at least partially avoid the aforementioned disadvantages of the prior art, while maintaining the essential properties of such insulation boards insulation performance and adhesion for plaster layers.

This object is achieved by the insulating board and the method according to the independent claims.

Accordingly, a first aspect of the invention relates to an insulation board for the external thermal insulation of buildings. The insulation board has a plate-shaped body made of a plastic foam material. In this case, that outer side of the insulating board, which forms the outer side of this outer thermal insulation when using the same for creating an external thermal insulation of a building, substantially over its entire planar extent a surface which alternately of first open-pore areas, which are formed by the outer surface of the body , and of second, open and / or closed-cell areas, which are formed by a arranged on the body, a plurality of particular irregular openings having continuous coating or a plurality of individual, arranged on the body and spaced-apart punctiform coatings is formed ,

By the invention, the provision of insulation boards with a base body made of a plastic foam material is possible, which have the same good properties in terms of thermal insulation and adhesion for cementitious adhesives or plasters such as open-pore uncoated insulation panels of a corresponding plastic foam material, but have a significantly lower thermal expansion behavior in direct sunlight. It is also possible to optimize these with respect to their reflection properties. For example, cut slabs can be made from one Carbon black, graphite or aluminum powder pigmented expanded polystyrene foam, which have excellent thermal insulation properties but tend to increase thermal expansion in intensive, direct sunlight, on one of its two outer sides, ie on one of its two large surfaces, with a coating of white, having a plurality of perforations, extruded polystyrene (XPS) are provided, which can be significantly reduced their thermal length change, with virtually unchanged properties in terms of thermal insulation and adhesion to cementitious adhesives and plaster layers.

In a preferred embodiment of the insulation board, the second areas are arranged on the outside of the base body and fixedly connected to this continuous coating, wherein the coating has a plurality of regular or irregular openings, such that it spans the surface of the body reticulated. The average area per aperture is preferably less than 20 mm 2. It is also preferred if the coating per square centimeter on average has more than four openings.

Such embodiments of the insulating panel have proven to be particularly advantageous and also have an increased flexural rigidity, which may be desirable depending on the use.

In another preferred embodiment of the insulation board, the second areas are formed by a plurality of individual spot coatings arranged on the body and spaced from one another, such that the coatings form a preferably substantially uniform spot pattern on the surface of the body, the average area per punctiform coating is preferably less than 20 mm 2. It is also preferred that On average, more than four punctiform coatings are present per square centimeter of surface area.

Such embodiments of the insulation board have virtually the same flexural rigidity as uncoated plates of a corresponding plastic foam material, which may be advantageous depending on the application.

In a further preferred embodiment of the insulating board, the coating is a material application preferably applied by printing, preferably paint application. In addition, it is also intended to apply this material application by spraying e.g. of paint, with or without stencil, to apply to the open-pore outside of the body. Such insulation boards according to the invention can be produced with relatively low equipment complexity and can therefore be provided inexpensively.

In yet another preferred embodiment of the insulation board, the coating consists of a thermoplastic plastic material, in particular of extruded polystyrene. Such materials can be easily connected by transient liquefaction with the open-pored surface of the body.

In yet another preferred embodiment of the insulation board, both the base body and the coating are made of thermoplastic materials and are fused together. This results in a solid, cohesive bond between the base body and the coating.

It is preferred if the coating is formed of a plastic material which consists of the same plastic base component as the plastic foam material of the base body, in particular of a polystyrene, polyurethane or polyisocyanurate. This results in optimum material compatibility and recyclability.

In this embodiment, it is preferable if the main body of the insulating panel consists of an expanded or extruded polystyrene foam and the coating of an extruded polystyrene. These materials have proven themselves in the field of thermal insulation of buildings very well.

In yet another preferred embodiment of the insulation board, the coating consists of a material, preferably of a plastic material, which has a better reflectivity for infrared radiation than the plastic foam material of the base body.

In yet another preferred embodiment of the insulating panel, the coating consists of a material, in particular of a plastic material, which is lighter than the plastic foam material of the base body.

These embodiments have the advantage that the basic body of the insulation boards experience only a relatively small amount of heating under direct sunlight, which has an advantageous effect on the thermal expansion behavior.

In yet another preferred embodiment, the base body of the insulating panel of a pigmented plastic foam material, preferably from a pigmented with soot particles, graphite particles or aluminum particles plastic foam material, preferably of expanded or extruded polystyrene. Such plastic foam materials have very good thermal insulation properties.

A second aspect of the invention relates to the use of the insulating board according to the first aspect of the invention for the external thermal insulation of buildings. In such uses, the benefits of the invention are particularly evident.

A third aspect of the invention relates to a method for producing an insulating board according to the first aspect of the invention. In this case, in a first method step, a plate-shaped base body made of a plastic foam material is provided, in which at least that outer surface, which is disposed away from the building when the insulating board to be formed with this base body is intended to be used, has an open-pored surface. Then, in a second process step, this open-pored outer surface is provided substantially over its entire planar extent with a continuous coating having a plurality of regular or irregular openings or with a plurality of individual, spaced-apart punctiform coatings, such that the outer surface thus coated has a surface in which open-pore regions formed by the outer surface of the main body alternate with open-pored and / or closed-pore regions formed by the coating.

The inventive method makes it possible for the first time to produce insulating panels of a plastic foam material, which are comparable in thermal insulation and / or reflection properties with regard to their thermal insulation properties and adhesive strength for cement-bound adhesive or plasters with insulation boards, which are formed exclusively of this plastic foam material Sunshine clearly different from these.

In a preferred embodiment of the method, the coating takes place under or by printing a material, preferably a paint, on the open-pored outer surface of the body. It is also intended to apply this material by spraying, with or without stencil. As a result, insulation boards according to the invention can be produced with relatively low equipment complexity and can therefore be provided at low cost.

In a further preferred embodiment of the method, the coating takes place by contacting or by contacting a thermoplastic material in the at least partially molten state with the open-pored outer surface of the base body, resulting in the advantage that liquid material can penetrate into the open-pored surface of the body and after solidification of the same gives a good bond between the coating and the base body.

It is advantageous if the coating takes place with a melting or by melting a film, preferably of expanded polystyrene (XPS), on the open-pore outer surface of the body.

Alternatively, it is preferred if the coating takes place by melting or by melting individual plastic particles previously arranged on the open-pored outer surface of the insulating board, so that a multiplicity of individual, spaced-apart spot coatings are formed on the open-pored outer surface.

With the two aforementioned methods according to the invention, corresponding insulation boards according to the invention can be produced inexpensively and in a simple manner.

In this case, it is further preferred if the melting of the film or of the plastic particles takes place by pressing them with a heated surface against the open-pored outer surface of the main body. In this way, short application times can be achieved and ensure a defined dimensioning of the insulation boards thus produced, and there is a strong bond between the coating and the body surface.

If a continuous film is used as the starting material for the coating in this process, which is preferred, then the film material, the Film thickness, the temperature of the heated surface and the Anpressdauer the film with the heated surface to the open-pored outer surface selected such that the film receives a plurality of holes during melting on the open-pored outer surface.

In yet another preferred embodiment of the method, the coating is carried out by or under a preferably drop-shaped spraying of molten plastic material on the open-pored outer surface of the body. Depending on the materials used and the process control used, it is thereby possible to produce insulation boards according to the invention with a particularly low level of equipment complexity.

It is in the inventive method in which the coating of the base body by or contacting a thermoplastic material in the at least partially molten state with the open-pore outer surface of the body is preferably when a base body made of a thermoplastic foam material is used and the coating of a thermoplastic Material is formed, wherein the coating and the base body are fused together. As a result, these are materially interconnected.

Furthermore, it is advantageous in such methods if the coating is formed from a plastic material which is formed from the same plastic base component as the plastic foam material of the main body, preferably from a polystyrene, polyurethane or polyisocyanurate. These materials are well established in the field of building exterior thermal insulation and there is also the advantage of good material compatibility and recyclability.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the aforementioned method, a base body of a pigmented, expanded or extruded Polystyrene foam provided and the coating formed from an extruded polystyrene. With such a method can be produced in accordance with the invention inexpensive insulation boards with good thermal insulation properties and excellent adhesion for cement-bound adhesive and exterior plasters.

In yet another preferred embodiment of the method, the coating is formed of a material, in particular of a plastic material, which has a better reflectivity for infrared radiation than the plastic foam material of the base body, so that the heating of the plastic foam material in direct sunlight and thus a thermal expansion of the inventive Insulating board opposite an insulation board, which consists exclusively of the plastic foam material of the body, is significantly reduced.

In yet another preferred embodiment of the method, the coating is formed of a material, in particular of a plastic material, which is lighter than the plastic foam material of the base body. As a result, the heating of the material by direct sunlight and thus the thermal expansion can be significantly reduced especially in insulation boards with basic bodies of colored or dark pigmented plastic foam materials.

In yet another preferred embodiment of the method, a base body made of a pigmented plastic foam material is provided, preferably of a plastic foam material pigmented with carbon black, graphite particles or aluminum particles. With such plastic foam materials can be insulation boards provide excellent thermal insulation.

• Fig. 1 eine perspektivische Draufsicht auf eine erste erfindungsgemässe Dämmplatte; und
• Fig. 2 eine perspektivische Draufsicht auf eine zweite erfindungsgemässe Dämmplatte.

Further preferred embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims and from Now following description with reference to the figures. Showing:

• Fig. 1 a perspective top view of a first inventive insulation board; and
• Fig. 2 a perspective top view of a second inventive insulation board.

A preferred embodiment of the inventive insulation board for the external thermal insulation of buildings is in a perspective plan view in Fig. 1 shown. As can be seen, the insulation board consists of a plate-shaped, square base body (1) made of graphite pigmented expanded polystyrene foam (shown in black), in the present case from the material "Lambda" the Swiss company swisspor, on one of its two large-scale outsides the entire areal extent of this outer side is provided with a continuous, net-like coating (2) of a non-pigmented, white, extruded polystyrene (shown in white). The coating (2) is fused to the surface of the base body (1) and thereby firmly connected thereto. Through the inter-mesh spaces of the coating (2), the surface of the base body (1) is accessible, which is open-pored in these areas. This insulating board was prepared by pressing while melting a continuous, paper-thin, extruded and unpigmented polystyrene film (eg available from the German company Linpack) with a hot plate having a surface temperature of 184 ° C to the open-pore outer surface of the cut body (1), wherein the polystyrene film was merged with the formation of openings with the surface of the base body (1). The contact time was 0.3 seconds in the present case.

Fig. 2 shows another preferred embodiment of the inventive insulation board for the external thermal insulation of buildings, also in a perspective plan view. As can be seen, there is the Insulating board here from a plate-shaped, square base body (1) made of expanded polystyrene foam pigmented with aluminum powder (shown in black), on one of its two large outer sides over the entire areal extent of this outside a plurality of individual and spaced punctual coatings (3) of white polystyrene (shown in white), which form a substantially uniform Püpfelmuster. The coatings (3) are each fused to the surface of the base body (1) and thereby firmly connected thereto. In the areas not covered by the coatings (3), the surface of the base body (1), which is open-pored in these areas, is accessible. This insulating board was prepared by pressing with melting a plurality of previously isolated on the open-pored outer surface of the body (1) particles of white polystyrene with a heated surface to the open-pored outer surface of the cut body (1), wherein the polystyrene particles to form the individual coatings (3) were fused with the surface of the base body (1).

Claims (28)

1. Insulating panel for the exterior insulation of buildings, with a plate-shaped main body (1) of a foamed plastics material, characterized in that the outer surface of the insulating panel which is provided for forming the outer surface of an exterior insulation to be built with the outer surface of the insulating panel has, substantially across its entire planar extent, a surface which is alternately formed by first open-pored areas which are formed by the outer surface of the main body (1) and by second areas which are formed by a continuous coating (2) which is arranged on the main body (1) and which has a plurality of through holes, or by a plurality of single punctual coatings (3) which are arranged spaced apart from each other on the main body (1).
2. Insulating panel according to claim 1, characterized in that the second areas are formed by a continuous coating (2) arranged on the main body (1) and having a plurality of through holes, such that the coating (2) spans the surface of the main body (1) in a meshed way, wherein particularly the average surface per through hole is smaller than 20 mm2.
3. Insulating panel according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second areas are formed by a continuous coating (2) arranged on the main body (1) and having a plurality of through holes, such that the coating (2) spans the surface of the main body (1) in a meshed way, wherein the coating (2) particularly has in average more than four through holes per square centimetre.
4. Insulating panel according to claim 1, characterized in that the second areas are formed by a plurality of single punctual coatings (3) which are arranged spaced apart from each other on the main body (1), such that the coatings (3) form a particularly substantially uniform dot pattern on the surface of the main body (1), wherein particularly the average surface per punctual coating is smaller than 20 mm2.
5. Insulating panel according to claim 1 or to claim 4, characterized in that the second areas are formed by a plurality of single punctual coatings (3) which are arranged spaced apart from each other on the main body (1), such that the coatings (3) form a particularly substantially uniform dot pattern on the surface of the main body (1), wherein particularly in average more than four punctual coatings (3) per square centimetre are present.
6. Insulating panel according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coating (2, 3) is a material application particularly applied by printing, particularly a colour application.
7. Insulating panel according to one of the preceding claims , characterized in that the coating (2, 3) consists of a thermoplastic plastic material, particularly of extruded polystyrene.
8. Insulating panel according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the main body (1) and the coating (2, 3) consist of a thermoplastic material and are molten together.
9. Insulating panel according to claim 8, characterized in that the coating (2, 3) consist of a plastic material which is formed out of the same plastic basic component as the foamed plastics material of the main body (1), particularly out of polystyrene, polyurethane or polyisocyanurate.
10. Insulating panel according to claim 9, characterized in that the main body (1) consists of an expanded or extruded polystyrene foam and the coating (2, 3) of an extruded polystyrene.
11. Insulating panel according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coating (2, 3) consists of a material, particularly of a plastic material, which has a better reflection ability for infrared radiation than the foamed plastics material of the main body (1).
12. Insulating panel according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coating (2, 3) consists of a material, particularly of a plastic material, which is brighter that the foamed plastics material of the main body (1).
13. Insulating panel according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the main body (1) consists of a pigmented foamed plastics material, particularly of a foamed plastics material pigmented with soot particles, graphite particles or aluminium particles.
14. Use of the insulating panel according to one of the preceding claims for the exterior insulation of buildings.
15. Method for manufacturing the insulating panel according to one of the claims 1 to 13, comprising the steps of:

    a) providing a plate-shaped main body (1) out of a foamed plastics material with an open-pored exterior surface;

    b) coating the open-pored exterior surface substantially across its entire planar extent with a continuous coating (2) having a plurality of particularly irregular through holes, or by a plurality of punctual coatings (3) arranged spaced apart from each other, such that the coated exterior surface is provided with a surface having alternating open-pored areas formed by the outer surface of the main body (1) and areas formed by the coating (2, 3).
16. Method according to claim 15, characterized in that the coating is done under or by printing a material, particularly a colour application, onto the open-pored outer surface of the main body (1).
17. Method according to one of the claims 15 to 16, characterized in that the coating is done under or by bringing into contact a thermoplastic plastic material in an at least partly melted state with the open-pored outer surface of the main body (1)
18. Method according to claim 17, characterized in that the coating is done under or by melting a foil, particularly of expanded polystyrene, onto the open-pored outer surface.
19. Method according to claim 17, characterized in that the coating is done under or by melting single plastic particles which have previously been arranged on the open-pored outer surface of the insulating panel.
20. Method according to one of the claims 18 to 19, characterized in that the melting of the foil or of the plastic particles is done by pressing it by means of a heated surface onto the open-pored outer surface of the main body (1).
21. Method according to claim 18 and claim 20, characterized in that a continuous foil is used and the foil material, the foil thickness, the temperature of the heated surface and the pressing period onto the open-pored outer surface is chosen in such a way that the foil receives a plurality of holes on the open-pored outer surface during melting.
22. Method according to one of the claims 15 to 21, characterized in that the coating is done under a particularly drop-shaped spraying of melted plastic material onto the open-pored outer surface of the main body (1).
23. Method according to one of the claims 15 to 22, characterized in that a main body (1) of a thermoplastic foamed plastics material is provided and in that the coating (2, 3) is formed out of a thermoplastic material, wherein the coating (2, 3) and the main body (1) are melted together.
24. Method according to claim 23, characterized in that the coating (2, 3) is formed out of a plastic material which is formed out of the same plastic basic component as the foamed plastics material of the main body (1), particularly out of polystyrene, polyurethane or polyisocyanurat.
25. Method according to claim 24, characterized in that a main body (1) of an expanded or extruded polystyrene foam is provided and in that the coating (2, 3) is formed out of an extruded polystyrene.
26. Method according to one of the claims 15 to 25, characterized in that the coating (2, 3) is formed out of a material, particularly of a plastic material, which has a better reflection ability for infrared radiation than the foamed plastics material of the main body (1).
27. Method according to one of the claims 15 to 26, characterized in that the coating (2, 3) consists of a material, particularly of a plastic material, which is brighter that the foamed plastics material of the main body (1).
28. Method according to one of the claims 15 to 27, characterized in that a main body (1) consisting of a pigmented foamed plastics material is provided, particularly of a foamed plastics material pigmented with soot particles, graphite particles or aluminium particles.

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