EP1960979B1 - Generateur d'energie en tant que capteur d'alarme - Google Patents

Generateur d'energie en tant que capteur d'alarme Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1960979B1
EP1960979B1 EP06830155A EP06830155A EP1960979B1 EP 1960979 B1 EP1960979 B1 EP 1960979B1 EP 06830155 A EP06830155 A EP 06830155A EP 06830155 A EP06830155 A EP 06830155A EP 1960979 B1 EP1960979 B1 EP 1960979B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sensor
energy
sensor according
measured variable
energy generator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Revoked
Application number
EP06830155A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1960979A1 (fr
Inventor
Jens Makuth
Dirk Scheibner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP1960979A1 publication Critical patent/EP1960979A1/fr
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G08SIGNALLING
    • G08BSIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B21/00Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
    • G08B21/18Status alarms
    • G08B21/182Level alarms, e.g. alarms responsive to variables exceeding a threshold

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a sensor for monitoring a measured variable with an output unit for a sensor signal, wherein the sensor signal is provided from exceeding a threshold value by the measured variable for output.
  • the invention further relates to a method for monitoring a measured variable by means of a sensor with an output unit for a sensor signal, wherein the sensor signal is provided from exceeding a threshold value by the measured variable for output.
  • Such a sensor or such a method is used in particular in the field of automation and drive technology - for example in production machines, machine tools, process systems, transport systems and logistics and building automation.
  • Exemplary here is the rolling bearing monitoring of simple machines, brightness and temperature monitoring in production processes of the food industry or called an air quality assessment.
  • an air quality assessment As a framework for use increasingly occur a large number of measuring points and the use of hard to reach places.
  • a broad use of sensory monitoring networks only makes sense at a low cost for the individual sensor.
  • ABB also presents the Wireless Interface to Sensors and Actuators (WISA) concept for wireless proximity switches (see ABB, "Create New Freedoms - The New Installation Concept with Wireless Proximity Switches", company publication).
  • WISA Wireless Interface to Sensors and Actuators
  • US 33378801 discloses a voltage detector.
  • the invention has for its object to enable the monitoring of a measured variable in the most cost-effective manner possible.
  • the senor is an energy generator which is provided for generating energy by means of the measured variable for the energy supply of the sensor.
  • This object is further achieved in a method of the type mentioned above in that a sensor according to the invention is used as the sensor.
  • the energy generator simultaneously represents the transducer, eliminating a transducer in the actual sense.
  • the properties of the energy generator determine the type of measured variable (or vice versa).
  • the measure of the measured variable is the energy generated in the energy generator. The sensor works only if the measurand is present at all. If the measured variable and thus the generated energy exceed a defined threshold value, a signal is output. The required minimum energy was generated by the energy generator by conversion from the measurand.
  • the invention can be used for all parameters that also allow power generation. Since the actual transducer is eliminated, the sensor of the invention is simpler in construction than a conventional sensor. This leads to lower costs and better miniaturization.
  • the power supply is self-sufficient according to the invention, no wiring is necessary. Compared to battery-powered wireless systems, the battery replacement is eliminated. Despite autonomous energy generation from the environment, a high level of reliability is guaranteed because the size to be measured also provides the energy for the sensor. When the measurand is present, the sensor generates energy and can work.
  • Such sensors according to the invention are therefore suitable under cost and reliability aspects for widespread use or in inaccessible places.
  • Target applications include, for example, MP & F (Maintenance Products & Functions) alarm sensors for monitoring fault conditions, such as a motor running too hot or a system that is too strong.
  • the output unit is provided for wireless communication of the sensor signal. This can be done, for example, via radio or via optical free-space communication.
  • the output unit is provided for the optical display of the sensor signal. This can e.g. by switching an electrochromic display.
  • the sensor signal is an alarm signal.
  • an optical display may consist only of an optical A-mark.
  • the sensor signal has the current value of the measured variable. Not only can this indicate that the threshold to be monitored has been exceeded by the measured variable, but also its current value.
  • the threshold value is set by properties of the energy generator. This can e.g. be achieved in that the energy generator only from reaching the threshold by the measured quantity generates enough energy to output the sensor signal, or even begins to generate energy only from reaching the threshold by the measured variable.
  • An illustrative example of the latter case is e.g. by adaptation of band edge distances in solar cells feasible.
  • the senor has a control unit, which is provided for monitoring the exceeding of the threshold value by the measured variable.
  • an averaging of the measured variable over time intervals by means of the energy generator feasible, wherein the time intervals are set by properties of the power generator.
  • the dynamics of the energy generator determines the averaging.
  • a weakly damped energy generator can directly follow the measured variable and provides the instantaneous value of the measured variable. At lower dynamics, the energy generator acts as a low pass and an average value is measured.
  • the senor has an energy store, which is provided for supplying energy to the output unit.
  • the energy store is either charged by the energy generator during operation of the sensor, or the energy storage is already at startup of the sensor in a preloaded state.
  • the threshold value is given by a specific content of the energy store.
  • the threshold effectively corresponds to a temporal integral of the measurand, i. the sensor signal is output only when the energy cumulatively generated by the measurand has reached the threshold value. This may be particularly advantageous if, for example, in the food industry, it depends more on the amount of light than on the radiation intensity, or as in nuclear hazard areas on the amount of radiation.
  • the invention can be used for all parameters that also allow energy generation - eg alternating variables or gradients.
  • the energy generator can be realized eg by solar cells.
  • temperature sensors for example, generators using the Seebeck effect can be used.
  • Sensors for mechanical vibrations often use the electrodynamic, piezoelectric or capacitive transducer principle. Radioactivity can be converted by directly knocking out electrons from, for example, the Si lattice or by conversion into thermal energy and then into electrical energy.
  • Chemical sensors can use fuel cells that use, for example, methanol from the environment and detect it with it, or dry chemical batteries with which moisture can be detected.
  • FIG. 1 shows the basic structure of an advantageous embodiment of the sensor 1 according to the invention with energy generator 2, control unit 3, output unit 4 and energy storage 5.
  • the measure M eg the temperature, mechanical vibrations, light, radioactive radiation, chemical energy, moisture - acts on the matching Energy generator 2 and there is converted proportionally into electrical energy and cached in the energy storage 5.
  • the energy generator 2 thus also serves as a transducer.
  • the energy stored in the energy store 5 is monitored by the control unit 3. If the energy generated and thus the cumulative measured quantity M exceeds a threshold value, the energy present in the energy store 5 is used, to wirelessly emit an alarm signal by means of the output unit 4 or optically display, for example, by switching an electrochromic display.
  • FIG. 2 shows a practical realization of the principle according to the invention by means of a vibration monitoring.
  • the power generator 2 is designed to convert mechanical vibration energy into electrical energy.
  • Known such energy generators 2 use the electrodynamic, piezoelectric or capacitive transducer principle.
  • the energy generator 2 is to be designed so that the energy generated is proportional to the measured variable M, so in this case the vibration.
  • the occurring amplitudes of the mechanical vibration generate correspondingly an electrical output signal.
  • the concrete conversion principle determines the type of measured variable M.
  • a capacitive energy generator 2 for example, generates charge transfer currents from the oscillation. These are proportional to the change in the deflection, ie the vibration velocity. This is therefore also the monitored measured variable M.
  • Such a vibration sensor 1 can be used as a bearing monitoring for simple machines such as electric motors 6.
  • FIG. 3 shows the dependence of the output signal of the energy generator 2 on the properties of the energy generator 2.
  • the time course of the measured variable M is seen, from which, depending on the set dynamics of the energy generator 2 different output signals.
  • An energy generator 2 with high dynamics (weak attenuation) can directly follow the measured variable M (bottom left), while an energy generator 2 with low dynamics (high attenuation) acts as a low-pass filter and smoothes the measured variable M (bottom right).
  • the dynamics of the energy generator 2 thus determines the temporal averaging of the measured variable M.
  • the invention relates to a sensor for monitoring a measured variable with an output unit for a sensor signal, wherein the sensor signal is provided from exceeding a threshold value by the measured variable for output.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a simple and inexpensive threshold sensor that works completely wireless and yet reliable in terms of communication and energy. This object is achieved in that the sensor has an energy generator, which is provided for generating energy by means of the measured variable for the energy supply of the sensor. Due to the simultaneous use of the measured variable according to the invention for energy generation, the energy generator simultaneously represents the transducer, eliminating a transducer in the actual sense. The measure of the measured variable is the energy generated in the energy generator.
  • the sensor works only if the measurand is present at all.
  • the invention can be used for all parameters that also allow power generation.
  • the power supply is self-sufficient according to the invention, no wiring is necessary. Despite autonomous energy generation from the environment, a high level of reliability is guaranteed because the size to be measured also provides the energy for the sensor.

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  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Testing Or Calibration Of Command Recording Devices (AREA)
  • Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)

Claims (22)

  1. Capteur (1) de surveillance d'une grandeur de mesure (M) comprenant une unité de sortie (4) d'un signal de capteur, le signal de capteur étant prévu pour sortir dès qu'il y a dépassement d'une valeur seuil par la grandeur de mesure (M), caractérisé en ce que le capteur comprend un générateur d'énergie (2), prévu pour la production d'énergie au moyen de la grandeur de mesure (M) pour l'alimentation en énergie du capteur (1).
  2. Capteur selon la revendication 1, l'unité de sortie (4) étant prévue pour la communication sans fil du signal de capteur.
  3. Capteur selon la revendication 1 ou 2, l'unité de sortie (4) étant prévue pour l'affichage optique du signal de capteur.
  4. Capteur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, le signal de capteur étant un signal d'alarme.
  5. Capteur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, le signal de capteur présentant la valeur actuelle de la grandeur de mesure (M).
  6. Capteur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, la valeur seuil étant réglée par des propriétés du générateur d'énergie (2).
  7. Capteur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, le capteur (1) comprenant une unité de contrôle (3), prévue pour surveiller le dépassement de la valeur seuil par la grandeur de mesure (M).
  8. Capteur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, un calcul de moyenne de la grandeur de mesure (M) sur des intervalles de temps pouvant être effectué au moyen du générateur d'énergie, les intervalles de temps étant réglés par des propriétés du générateur d'énergie (2).
  9. Capteur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, le capteur (1) comprenant un accumulateur d'énergie (5), prévu pour l'alimentation en énergie de l'unité de sortie (4).
  10. Capteur selon la revendication 9, la valeur seuil étant donnée par un contenu déterminé de l'accumulateur d'énergie (5) .
  11. Capteur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, le générateur d'énergie (2) étant exécuté sous forme de cellule solaire.
  12. Capteur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, le générateur d'énergie (2) étant exécuté sous forme de générateur électrodynamique.
  13. Capteur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, le générateur d'énergie (2) étant exécuté sous forme de générateur piézoélectrique.
  14. Capteur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, le générateur d'énergie (2) étant exécuté sous forme de générateur capacitif.
  15. Capteur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, le générateur d'énergie (2) étant exécuté sous forme de générateur thermoélectrique.
  16. Capteur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, le générateur d'énergie (2) étant exécuté sous forme de cellule à combustible.
  17. Capteur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, le générateur d'énergie (2) étant exécuté sous forme de batterie sèche chimique.
  18. Capteur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, le générateur d'énergie (2) étant prévu pour l'utilisation d'électrons éjectés d'une grille à semi-conducteurs par rayonnement radioactif.
  19. Capteur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, le générateur d'énergie (2) étant prévu pour l'utilisation de chaleur produite par rayonnement radioactif pour la transformation en énergie électrique.
  20. Capteur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, le générateur d'énergie (2) étant prévu pour l'utilisation de champs alternatifs électriques et/ou magnétiques pour la production d'énergie.
  21. Capteur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, le générateur d'énergie (2) étant prévu pour l'utilisation de champs de gradient pour la production d'énergie.
  22. Procédé de surveillance d'une grandeur de mesure (M) au moyen d'un capteur (1) comprenant une unité de sortie (4) d'un signal de capteur, le signal de capteur étant prévu pour sortir dès lors qu'il y a dépassement d'une valeur seuil par la grandeur de mesure (M), caractérisé en ce que l'on utilise comme capteur (1) un capteur (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 21.
EP06830155A 2005-12-14 2006-11-28 Generateur d'energie en tant que capteur d'alarme Revoked EP1960979B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005059759A DE102005059759A1 (de) 2005-12-14 2005-12-14 Energiegenerator als Alarmsensor
PCT/EP2006/069005 WO2007068585A1 (fr) 2005-12-14 2006-11-28 Generateur d'energie en tant que capteur d'alarme

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1960979A1 EP1960979A1 (fr) 2008-08-27
EP1960979B1 true EP1960979B1 (fr) 2012-01-11

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06830155A Revoked EP1960979B1 (fr) 2005-12-14 2006-11-28 Generateur d'energie en tant que capteur d'alarme

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EP (1) EP1960979B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE541278T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102005059759A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007068585A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008038875B3 (de) 2008-08-13 2010-01-28 Abb Technology Ag Temperaturfühler für eine prozesstechnische industrielle Anlage
DE202009018135U1 (de) 2009-09-01 2011-02-17 Abb Technology Ag Thermometer (I)
DE202009018134U1 (de) 2009-09-01 2011-02-17 Abb Technology Ag Thermometer (II)
DE102009055401A1 (de) * 2009-12-30 2011-07-07 Deutsche Post AG, 53113 Sensormodul zur Sollwertüberwachung einer Messgröße und zugehöriges Verfahren
DE102011011824A1 (de) * 2011-02-19 2012-08-23 Volkswagen Ag Hubzahlsensor
CN102998050B (zh) * 2011-09-19 2014-12-31 珠海三德艺电子有限公司 多功能工业压力表及其控制方法
CN114424033A (zh) * 2019-09-19 2022-04-29 弗瑞柏私人有限公司 传感器网络装置

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DE29923046U1 (de) * 1999-12-31 2000-03-23 Rademacher, Wilhelm, 46414 Rhede Sensor für eine Verdunkelungsvorrichtung und Verdunkelungsanlage
DE20107112U1 (de) * 2001-04-25 2001-07-05 Abb Patent Gmbh, 68309 Mannheim Einrichtung zur Energieversorgung von Feldgeräten
DE20107114U1 (de) * 2001-04-25 2001-07-05 Abb Patent Gmbh, 68309 Mannheim Einrichtung zur Energieversorgung von Feldgeräten
DE20107113U1 (de) * 2001-04-25 2001-07-05 Abb Patent Gmbh, 68309 Mannheim Einrichtung zur Energieversorgung von Feldgeräten
DE20107111U1 (de) * 2001-04-25 2001-07-05 Abb Patent Gmbh, 68309 Mannheim Einrichtung zur Energieversorgung von Feldgeräten
DE20107116U1 (de) * 2001-04-25 2001-07-05 Abb Patent Gmbh, 68309 Mannheim Einrichtung zur Energieversorgung von Feldgeräten
DE10326064A1 (de) * 2003-06-10 2005-01-05 Beha Innovation Gmbh Spannungsdetektor
DE202004001246U1 (de) * 2004-01-27 2004-04-08 Institut für Solare Energieversorgungstechnik Verein an der Universität Kassel e.V. Bestrahlungsstärkemessvorrichtung
DE102004049724B4 (de) * 2004-10-11 2008-02-21 Sew-Eurodrive Gmbh & Co. Kg Sensor, Antriebskomponente und Antrieb

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE541278T1 (de) 2012-01-15
DE102005059759A1 (de) 2007-06-28
WO2007068585A1 (fr) 2007-06-21
EP1960979A1 (fr) 2008-08-27

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