EP1960170B1 - Device for producing moulded concrete blocks and moulding system therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

A mold for the production of molded concrete bricks has mold recess bodies guided in openings in side walls of a mold insert, which openings are adapted to the contours of the recess bodies, in order to produce recesses in a molded concrete brick produced using this mold. The recesses reach all the way to the underside of a brick, and are supported on one or more sections of the edging of the opening. The wall thickness of the mold insert side wall can have a greater wall thickness in the region of the recess bodies. Preferably, the mold includes multiple mold inserts, and recess bodies that are similar in terms of position and movement direction are coupled mechanically with one another in their movement, and can be displaced together via common drive devices.

Description

The invention relates to a device for producing concrete blocks and a mold system therefor.

The invention is based on economically particularly important devices for the production of concrete blocks by compacting filled in mold cavities of a mold concrete amount, in particular under the influence of shaking the concrete amount. The lower openings of the mold cavities are closed during filling and shaking by a pad, in particular a vibrating table or a stone board resting thereon. After completion of the shaking process, the concrete amount is compacted into dimensionally stable concrete moldings, which are expressed by the lower openings of the mold cavities down. Different forms are exchangeable in the molding machine receivable.

By demolding down the side wall surfaces of the concrete blocks are typically cylindrical. For stone molds with vertically non-continuous recesses in the side walls of the stones, it is known to provide recess body, also referred to as cores, which protrude during the filling and compacting of the concrete amount in a first position from the wall surfaces of the mold cavity inwardly into the mold cavity and after be moved to a retracted position the compression and demolding of the concrete blocks.

In the DE 41 00 161 A1 a device for producing large-volume shaft parts is described, in which for the formation of steps in a shaft inner wall in a formwork a plurality of arcuate core elements coupled to parallel axes are pivotable or jointly linearly displaceable. The US 3,731,899 describes a mold for hollow blocks. On the outer wall of the form cliffs are arranged, by means of which by pressure medium cylinder counter to a restoring spring force recess body in the mold cavity are displaced.

At one of the DE 196 34 499 A1 known device includes a mold having a plurality of mold cavities with recess bodies in the form of wall sections, which are coupled in groups on carrier lever on over the mold length continuous pivot shafts. The pivot shaft is actuated via pivot levers and rollers, which are pressed up when placing the mold on the vibrating table. The DE 101 10 651 A1 shows a mold with a plurality of mold cavities and mold cores provided on all sides, which are collectively movable over about the mold cavities circulating traction means. The traction means are actuated jointly by a hydraulic drive arranged between a plurality of mold cavities.

EP 0 719 622 A1 discloses a device and a mold system for the production of concrete blocks with lateral recesses according to the preamble of claims 1 and 15 and describes a multi-chamber mold for the production of paving stones with interlocking in the plaster composite lateral projections and depressions in the side surfaces of the stones. In an embodiment of a square stone with on each side multiple star-shaped projections and depressions two common for all mold cavities support frame are provided, which are opposite diagonally displaceable and from two opposite corners forth in the mold cavity in or out are displaced. The frames can be operated by means of hydraulic lifting cylinders.

The invention has for its object to provide a more economical device for the production of concrete blocks with lateral recesses and a mold system for this purpose.

Solutions according to the invention are described in the independent claims. The dependent claims contain advantageous refinements and developments of the invention.

A significant advantageous feature of the device according to the invention is the subdivision of the mechanical transmission devices between the at least one positionally variable recess body and the drive means in first and second transmission means, which via coupling elements are releasably connected, and the arrangement of the drive means on the side of a mold frame connected to the molding machine. In particular, drive means and first transmission means with first coupling elements can thereby remain on the side of the mold frame in the molding machine when the mold insert detachably held in the mold frame is exchanged.

Particularly advantageous is a mold system with such a separation of the molds in the mold frame and mold insert and the transmission means in first and second transfer means in conjunction with a plurality of different mold inserts with variable position Aussparungskörpem, wherein different mold inserts are detachably insertable in one and the same mold frame. In this case, the second transmission means, which may in particular also differ in different mold inserts, engage with their second coupling elements respectively into first coupling elements of the first transmission means common to different mold inserts on the side of the common mold frame.

The second transmission means can be optimized for the respective forms of recess and at the same time exploited the advantages of a remaining in the molding machine mold frame and only once this required drive means.

The engagement of the first and the second coupling elements is advantageously automatically produced when inserting a mold insert into the mold frame and / or automatically when removing the mold insert from the mold frame solvable. The preparation or the release of the engagement of the first and second coupling elements is advantageously carried out in the same direction as the insertion or removal of the mold insert relative to the mold frame. Production and release of the engagement of the first and second coupling elements are preferably carried out without tools.

The first and second coupling elements may in particular linear, preferably vertical guides and guided in these guided, z. B. pin-shaped or flat, preferably vertically extending counter elements. The first and / or second coupling elements may also contain toothed structures.

The first and second transmission means with the first and second coupling elements are advantageously arranged between laterally horizontally opposed wall surfaces of the mold frame and mold insert. In the case of mold inserts having a plurality of mold cavities, the second transmission means can also extend in the region of partitions between adjacent mold cavities.

The first transmission means or their first coupling elements can perform different movement patterns under the action of the drive means, in particular rotations or displacements. Preferably, the first coupling elements are horizontally linear parallel to the opposite side walls of the mold frame and mold insert displaced. Linearly displaceable and rotatable first coupling elements can also occur together in the first transmission devices.

The first transmission means contain in an advantageous embodiment, two at least first coupling elements which are movable in mutually opposite rotational direction or preferably in mutually opposite linear displacement direction of the drive means. For this purpose can the first transmission means divided into partial transfer means and a plurality of drive means may be provided.

The first and second coupling elements are advantageously provided on at least two opposite outer sides of the typically substantially rectangular mold insert. The drive means advantageously comprise actuators on at least two opposite sides of the typically substantially rectangular mold frame, wherein advantageously at least two actuators operating in mutually opposite directions are provided in each case.

The preferably linear movements of the intermeshing coupling elements can be implemented by means of per se known mechanical elements such as rods, levers, slide guides, rollers, tension elements, gears, etc., in movements of recess bodies when their position changes. In particular, the movement type of the recess body can deviate from the type of movement of the coupling elements. When redirecting movement types, it is possible to make use of examples from the devices of the prior art mentioned above.

As a result of the separation of the transmission devices into detachable first and second transmission means, the second transmission means can each be designed in such a way that the movement type of the first coupling elements predetermined by the form frame can occur in combination with substantially any types of motion of the recess bodies. In a first advantageous embodiment, the type of movement of the first coupling elements and the recess body are linear and the same direction. In another embodiment, for. B. a linear movement of the first coupling elements in a pivoting movement of Aussparungskörpern be implemented.

The drive devices advantageously contain at least one controllable actuator, preferably with linear movement, in particular a hydraulic cylinder. In a preferred embodiment, the transmission devices include a plurality of hydraulic cylinders with at least predominantly horizontal movement direction as actuators. The actuators drive the first transmission means with the first coupling elements.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment, position or displacement measuring devices, preferably electronic measuring devices associated with the drive means or the transmission means, in particular the first transmission means, in particular connected to these and / or integrated into these. This allows in conjunction with an electronic control a particularly precise and flexible operation of the drive means, especially in the presence of multiple actuators. In particular, thereby different, z. B. depending on the mold insert varying travel distances and / or Verfahrrichtungen with consistent form frame side drive means and first transmission means easily feasible.

By arranged in the mold frame and therefore uniform for different mold inserts drive means is also advantageously particularly favorable integration of the control of the drive means in an existing for the flow control of the molding machine programmable control device allows. In particular, different travel paths or traversing devices can be programmed in a simple manner when combining the drive devices with position or displacement measuring devices for the travel path of the drive devices or the transmission devices.

The mold system advantageously includes at least one mold insert with linearly displaceable recess body and / or at least one mold insert with pivotable Aussparungskörpem. Advantageously, at least one mold insert without variable-position recess body, for which consequently no second transmission means and second coupling elements are required, can be used in the mold frame.

Fig. 1

einen Formrahmen von unten,

Fig. 2

einen Formeinsatz von unten,

Fig. 3

einen ersten Ausschnitt von Formrahmen und Formeinsatz von der Seite,

Fig. 4

einen zweiten Ausschnitt von Formrahmen und Formeinsatz von der Seite,

Fig. 5

einen Formrahmen schräg von unten,

Fig. 6

einen Ausschnitt aus Fig. 5,

Fig. 7

einen Formeinsatz schräg von unten,

Fig. 8

den Formeinsatz nach Fig. 7 in dem Formrahmen nach Fig. 5 mit eingefahrenen Kernen,

Fig. 9

einen vergrößerten Ausschnitt aus Fig. 8,

Fig. 10

den Formrahmen nur mit Kernträgerrahmen des Formeinsatzes,

Fig. 11

einen vergrößerten Ausschnitt aus Fig. 10,

Fig. 12

den Formrahmen nach Fig. 5 von unten mit Kupplungselementen bei eingefahrenen Kernen,

Fig. 13

einen ersten Schnitt XIII durch Fig. 12,

Fig. 14

einen zweiten Schnitt XIV durch Fig. 12,

Fig. 15

eine Ansicht entsprechend Fig. 8 mit ausgefahrenen Kernen,

Fig. 16

einen vergrößerten Ausschnitt aus Fig. 15,

Fig. 17

eine Ansicht entsprechend Fig. 12 bei ausgefahrenen Kernen,

Fig. 18

einen ersten Schnitt XVIII durch Fig. 17,

Fig. 19

einen zweiten Schnitt IXX durch Fig. 17,

Fig. 20

eine Ansicht in Verfahrrichtung der Kerne,

Fig. 21

einen vergrößerten Ausschnitt aus Fig. 20,

Fig. 22

eine Ansicht quer zur Verfahrrichtung mit eingefahrenen Kernen,

Fig. 23

einen vergrößerten Ausschnitt aus Fig. 22,

Fig. 24

eine Ansicht quer zur Verfahrrichtung mit ausgefahrenen Kernen,

Fig. 25

einen vergrößerten Ausschnitt aus Fig. 24,

Fig. 26

eine Schrägansicht einer Formmaschine,

Fig. 27

einen vergrößerten Ausschnitt aus Fig. 26,

Fig. 28

eine weitere Ausführung von Kupplungselementen,

Fig. 29

eine weitere Ausführung von Kupplungselementen,

Fig. 30

eine Rahmenleiste in Hohlprofilform,

Fig. 31

eine Draufsicht auf eine Vorrichtung mit einer Anordnung nach Fig. 30,

Fig. 32

eine Seitenansicht einer Vorrichtung nach Fig. 31.

The invention is illustrated below with reference to preferred embodiments with reference to the figures still in detail. Showing:

Fig. 1

a shape frame from below,

Fig. 2

a mold insert from below,

Fig. 3

a first cutout of the mold frame and mold insert from the side,

Fig. 4

a second cutout of mold frame and mold insert from the side,

Fig. 5

a shape frame diagonally from below,

Fig. 6

a section from Fig. 5 .

Fig. 7

a mold insert diagonally from below,

Fig. 8

the mold insert after Fig. 7 in the mold frame Fig. 5 with retracted cores,

Fig. 9

an enlarged section Fig. 8 .

Fig. 10

the mold frame only with core support frame of the mold insert,

Fig. 11

an enlarged section Fig. 10 .

Fig. 12

after the shape frame Fig. 5 from below with coupling elements for retracted cores,

Fig. 13

a first section XIII through Fig. 12 .

Fig. 14

a second cut XIV through Fig. 12 .

Fig. 15

a view accordingly Fig. 8 with extended cores,

Fig. 16

an enlarged section Fig. 15 .

Fig. 17

a view accordingly Fig. 12 with extended cores,

Fig. 18

a first section XVIII through Fig. 17 .

Fig. 19

a second section IXX through Fig. 17 .

Fig. 20

a view in the direction of travel of the cores,

Fig. 21

an enlarged section Fig. 20 .

Fig. 22

a view transverse to the direction of travel with retracted cores,

Fig. 23

an enlarged section Fig. 22 .

Fig. 24

a view transverse to the direction of travel with extended cores,

Fig. 25

an enlarged section Fig. 24 .

Fig. 26

an oblique view of a molding machine,

Fig. 27

an enlarged section Fig. 26 .

Fig. 28

another embodiment of coupling elements,

Fig. 29

another embodiment of coupling elements,

Fig. 30

a frame strip in hollow profile form,

Fig. 31

a plan view of a device with an arrangement according to Fig. 30 .

Fig. 32

a side view of a device according to Fig. 31 ,

Fig. 1 shows in schematic form a form frame as seen from below. For orientation comparison, a right-angled x, y, z coordinate system is drawn in, the vertical z-direction of which is perpendicular to the plane of the drawing. The mold frame is substantially rectangular and surrounds with X-directional longitudinal strips LL and extending in the y-direction transverse strips QL a shape receptacle FA, which is also in the sketched view also substantially rectangular. Longitudinal strips and transverse strips may form a one-piece mold frame or be assembled into a mold frame. The mold frame is held in a molding machine and, depending on their functional principle in a machine frame, which is indicated in the corners of the mold frame with frame elements MR, guided vertically fixed height or vertically displaceable. Different suitable machine types are common and known per se.

Along the contour of the shape receptacle FA, a step ST is formed, which forms a preferred embodiment for holding and aligning a mold insert and is to be understood in this schematic sketch as representative of different, also known per se structures between a mold frame and a mold insert.

On two opposite sides of the mold holder, in the example sketched on the longitudinal strips, drive means AEL, AER are arranged, which advantageously can be integrated into the longitudinal strips and can be used in particular in recesses of the longitudinal strips. The drive devices cause the movement of first coupling elements KE1 in a bidirectional direction of movement via movable first mechanical transmission means UM1.

In the example outlined, the drive means z. B. designed as a hydraulically actuated linear cylinder whose guided in the longitudinal bars stamping rods form the first mechanical transmission means, in which extending in the z direction pins are arranged as the first coupling elements. Advantageously, electronic position or displacement measuring devices can be assigned to the drive devices and / or the first transmission means and connected to these or integrated into these, z. As integrated into hydraulic cylinders so-called digital rulers.

Fig. 2 also schematically shows in bottom view a mold insert which is insertable into the mold receptacle FA of the mold frame from below, wherein the contour EK of the mold insert advantageously corresponds to the stage ST for positional alignment of the mold insert in the mold frame. The mold insert can be clamped vertically against the mold frame by clamping means, not shown, of the mold frame and / or the molding machine, preferably by clamping a vibrating table assembly vertically against the mold frame.

The mold insert has a stone field SF in the inner region, which typically contains a plurality of separate mold cavities FN. Several recess bodies AK, also referred to as cores, protrude laterally into one or more mold cavities and are variable in position between the outlined retracted position, in which the recess bodies protrude into the substantially in the z-direction constant cross-sectional mold cavity, and an extended position, in which the recess bodies are extended out of the mold cavities.

The recess bodies can perform linear and / or pivoting movements in the change in position. Different shapes of the recess bodies and different movement patterns are known from the prior art. The change in position of the recess body between the first retracted and the second extended position is accomplished via schematically indicated second mechanical transmission means UM2, which are connected to second coupling elements KE2.

When inserted into the mold holder FA of the mold frame mold insert engage first and second coupling elements into each other and a movement the first coupling elements on the side of the mold frame under the action of the drive means forces a movement of the second coupling elements, which is converted via the second mechanical transmission means in a position change of the recess body. In the simplest advantageous case, the transmission devices with the respective coupling elements are designed as rigid units and the movement patterns of the cores are rectified and parallel to those of the first coupling elements. But it can also be an implementation of the movement pattern between the first and second coupling elements and / or within the second mechanical transmission means and / or between second transmission means and Aussparungskörpern. Examples of such motion-mode implementations are known in the art.

The second transmission means, which in the sketch of Fig.2 As the stone field SF are drawn surrounding, can also run between adjacent mold cavities through the stone field, which in itself also. Examples are known in the art.

Fig. 3 shows in a first section and Fig. 4 in a second cutout mold frame and mold insert in mutually horizontally aligned positions prior to insertion of the mold insert into the mold frame. The horizontal mutual alignment is given in particular by the outer contour of the mold insert and the inner contour of the mold holder including their graded progressions. The first coupling elements are vertically aligned in these horizontally aligned positions of the mold frame and mold insert, as indicated by the broken lines. By relative vertical displacement of the mold frame and mold insert to the stop of the stepped outer contour EK of the mold insert at the stage ST of the mold frame engage first and second coupling elements automatically into each other one. The mold insert can be releasably held by not in the holding means in the mold frame. In a corresponding manner, the engagement of the coupling elements is automatically released when removing the mold insert from the mold frame. The first coupling elements KE1 are in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 designed as vertical pins and the second coupling elements KE2 as corresponding recesses. For the releasably interlocking first and second coupling elements other designs are known and suitable.

The connection of the second transmission means UM2 via the coupling elements and the first transmission means UM1 with the drive means is largely independent of the structure of the second transmission means, so that any mold inserts with iageverändernuchen cores and correspondingly configured second transmission means can be used in the mold frame and actuated by the drive means are. Prerequisite is only the preparation of the engagement of the first and second coupling elements and the implementation of the predetermined movement pattern of the first coupling elements in the movement pattern required for the position of the cores. When changing a mold insert, the mold frame can advantageously remain in the molding machine.

In Fig. 3 is a mold cavity FN indicated with a mold wall FW. A core AK is partially projected in a retracted position in the mold cavity. The core AK can be moved in the direction of the arrow in a second, extended position.

The first coupling elements on the side of the mold frame are advantageously arranged recessed in recesses AU of the mold frame against the inner contour of the mold holder, wherein the recesses for Mold receptacle or to an inserted mold insert are open and the second transmission means protrude with the second coupling elements in the recesses. Advantageously, the mold system with various mold inserts which can be used in the common mold frame can also comprise mold inserts without cores which are variable in position. Such a mold insert would then have no second transmission means with second coupling elements and the drive means, the first transmission means and the first coupling elements remained without function in such a mold insert.

The following figures show a preferred embodiment of a common for several different mold inserts a molding system mold frame and an advantageous example of a mold insert.

Fig. 5 shows a form frame with a view in the bottom in oblique perspective view. In a side bar LL hydraulic cylinders HZR, HZL are shown as drive means in initial positions, the stamp rods SAR, SAL of the two hydraulic cylinders from their respective starting positions in the selected example are displaceable in opposite directions. In another embodiment, the hydraulic cylinders may also be synchronously moved in the same direction or in other relation to each other. The stamping rods form the first transmission means and are guided in the longitudinal bar and protrude into recesses AU. In the region of the recesses, the stamping rods have vertically extending pins SI as the first coupling elements. Fig. 6 shows an enlarged section Fig. 5 , from which the arrangement with hydraulic cylinder HZL, punch rod SAL and pins SI in the region of the recess AU becomes even clearer.

In Fig. 7 is an oblique view from below of an advantageous embodiment of a mold insert out of a mold system with several different mold inserts sketched. The mold insert after Fig. 7 has a stone field with four Fnrmnestern with rectangular cross-section, which are bounded by connected to a common cover plate DP and projecting from this down mold walls FW. At each two opposite mold walls of the individual mold cavities forming cores AK are provided in the lower portion of the mold walls, which protrude in the outlined position retracted in the mold cavities and are displaced from this retracted position to an extended position in which the mold cavity facing end faces of the cores AK advantageously flush with the mold walls. The cores on opposite sides of a mold cavity are for this purpose to move in opposite directions.

Advantageously, in the example, a total of 16 mandrels are grouped into two groups with uniform directions of movement within each group, and all cores of a group are each attached to one of two support frames URL or URR. The support frames are to be regarded as parts of the second transmission means of this mold insert. The two frames overlap one another in the region between in the x-direction adjacent mold cavities. The cores AK are attached to extending in the y-direction frame portions of the support frame. These frame portions are advantageously all in one plane and are bent for the overlap and unimpeded displacement of the x-directional portions partially at the ends in the transition in the x-direction extending portions.

Tabs LAL, LAR protrude from the sections of the two support frames extending in the x-direction, at which bores BO are formed as second coupling elements, into which in vertical direction the first coupling elements intervention. The tabs LAR on the support frame URR are connected via bends with the x-directional sections of this support frame, which in turn lie all tabs in a horizontal plane.

In Fig. 8 is the mold insert Fig. 7 in the form frame Fig. 5 used and held by not with drawn holding means. In this case, the holes BO are used as second coupling elements in engagement with the pins SI as the first coupling elements. The tabs LAL, LAR protrude into the recesses AU in the longitudinal strips LL, as in the enlarged section Fig. 8 to Fig. 9 is more clearly recognizable. The, hydraulic cylinders and their stamping rods with the pins SI are in the starting position and the cores AK in the mold cavity protruding in the retracted slope.

Fig. 10 to further illustrate the overlap of the two carrier frames URR, URL a notional compilation of only these carrier frames with the form frame. Fig. 11 shows an enlarged section Fig. 10 in which the displaceability of the two support frames from the sketched position with retracted cores to a position with extended cores is also indicated by two oppositely directed arrows. The frame sections extending in the y direction lie all in one plane, the sections running in the x direction lie at least in the mutual overlapping area in separate planes.

The Fig. 12 shows a shape frame from below with vertical viewing direction. The hydraulic cylinders HZL, HZR are in the starting position. Plotted with the tabs LAL, LAR of the support frame of not marked with the insert. Arrows indicate the displaceability of the tabs LAL, LAR in opposite directions.

Section XIII Fig. 12 to Fig. 13 illustrates the position of the hydraulic cylinder HZL or HZR in the longitudinal strips LL and the leadership of the stamping rods in guides FS. The stamping rods protrude into and through the recesses AU, where the pins SI engage in the holes BO of the tabs LAL, LAR. Fig. 14 shows according to the section XIV Fig. 12 the execution of the stamping rods SAR with flattening against a round cross-section. Not shown in the figures are wiring for hydraulic fluid to the hydraulic cylinders.

By applying the hydraulic cylinder with hydraulic fluid, the punch of the punch rod is moved from the starting position to a second position, which in to Fig. 13 analogue cooking position in Fig. 18 outlined. With the displacement of the stamping rods and the tabs LAL, LAR are moved in the opposite direction in the x-direction, the width of the recesses AU in the x-direction advantageously only so large that the two extreme positions of the tabs after Fig. 13 respectively. Fig. 18 are possible, possibly with little oversize to compensate for manufacturing tolerances. In Fig. 17 is a complete view of a mold frame with shifted in the second position stamping rods and correspondingly shifted tabs LAL, LAR sketched. The. Fig. 18 corresponds to a section XVIII through Fig. 17 , A cut through IXX Figure 17 shows in Fig. 19 again the flattened shape of the punch rod, which extends along flat surfaces of the recess AU and a cover plate AP, with the holes BO and engaging in these pins SI as the second or first coupling elements.

In Fig. 15 is one too Fig. 8 analog oblique representation of a mold frame outlined with mold insert, but in which the displacement of the hydraulic cylinder, the coupling elements and with these also the tabs and the support frame URL, URR is done in x-direction, with the shifts of the two support frames according to the arrows in Fig. 11 under the action of the hydraulic cylinders HZL, HZR run in opposite directions. The displacement of the support frames is coupled with a displacement of the cores AK from the in Fig. 8 sketched retracted position in the out Fig. 15 apparent extended position in which the mold cavities facing end surfaces of the cores are advantageously flush with the wall surfaces of the mold walls FW or may be withdrawn against them. In this extended position of the cores, the previously compressed during a shaking concrete concrete blocks can be demoulded down from the mold cavities. Fig. 16 shows an enlarged section Fig. 15 ,

To further illustrate FIGS. 20 to 25 further cuts through a mold frame with mold insert. Out Fig. 20 and the enlarged section in Fig. 21 is the shape and bend of the support frame URL, URR vividly visible, which extend in the area of the cores AK at the same height and by the offsets also have the tabs with the holes BO as a second coupling elements in a uniform height, whereas in the edge region with the perpendicular to Drawing plane extending in the x-direction sections the two support frames at different heights. In Fig. 20 plotted with a vibrating table RT with a stone board SB, which is pressed from below against the mold insert and closes the lower openings of the mold cavities during the filling process and the shaking process.

Fig. 22 and the enlarged section in Fig. 23 show a section in an xz-plane through the cores AK in their retracted into the mold cavity FN position. The arrows indicate the directions in which the cores AK are displaced after completing the shaking process. Fig. 24 and the enlarged one Clipping after Fig. 25 show in the same sectional plane, the cores in the extended position and partially down by relative vertical displacement of mold frame with mold insert against vibrating table with stone board leaked, still resting on the stone board shaped stones FS.

Fig. 26 shows in an oblique view a section of a molding machine with a mold frame of the type described. In the enlarged section to Fig. 27 the hydraulic cylinders HZL, HZR with stamping rods are recognizable. The mold insert is not shown with, only the tabs LAL, LAR are drawn in position with built-in mold insert. A vibrating table can be moved vertically via a plurality of hydraulic cylinders VE supported on the mold frame and can in particular also be used for inserting and removing a mold insert.

Fig. 28 shows an alternative embodiment of the coupling elements with a linearly displaceable rack ZS as one and a rotatable gear ZR or dental arch as another coupling element. In Fig. 29 is a linearly displaceable rod KS with a slot LO transversely to the direction as one and a run in the slot on a pivotable lever KH arranged bolt KB sketched as another coupling element. It can be provided together within the first and / or second coupling elements different variants.

In FIGS. 30 to 32 an advantageous embodiment of a mold frame is outlined in connection with drive means and transmission facilities. A longitudinal strip LLH of the mold frame is executed here in stable lightweight construction by a bent sheet metal or in the example on one side open hollow profile, in particular with a U-shaped cross-section. The middle leg of the U-shape forms a mold insert facing wall surface WR of the mold frame, which extends substantially vertically.

Fig. 30 shows an oblique view into the open profile of the mold insert side facing away from mold insert. Fig. 31 shows a sectional view in a horizontal and Fig. 32 in a vertical sectional plane, in each case with first and second transmission means UMH1 or UMH2 and first and second coupling elements KEH1 or KEH2.

A hydraulic cylinder HZH1 as an actuator of the drive means is arranged with a horizontally guided piston rod as the first transmission means UMH1 on the side facing away from the mold insert of the mold insert assigning the middle leg of the profile. In the surface WR an elongated opening SL is recessed, through which a bolt projects as a first coupling element KEH1 in the direction of the mold insert and in a z. B. executed as a bore or upwardly open recess executed second coupling element KEH2 in second transmission means UMH2 on the part of the mold insert. When the second coupling element KEH2 is designed as a horizontal bore, the bolt KEH1 from the in Fig. 31 and Fig. 32 shown engagement position horizontally displaceable in the arrow direction, which can be done manually or via an additional drive element.

While in the embodiments described above, the hydraulic cylinders are each moved between two extreme positions and therefore a particularly simple hydraulic connection of all hydraulic cylinders to a common piping system without individual control of the individual hydraulic cylinders is possible, provides an advantageous development that position or Wegmesseinrichtungen, in particular electronic version, associated with the individual actuators and / or transmission devices, in particular the first transmission means, in particular connected to these and / or integrated into these and the individual actuators are movable within a maximum travel path to different predeterminable intermediate positions. When the actuators are designed as hydraulic cylinders, it is advantageously possible to assign controllable servo valves as control elements to the individual hydraulic cylinders for this purpose. Servo valves and position or displacement measuring devices are known per se. In another embodiment of the actuator ren, in particular with electrical actuation and / or stepper motors suitable controls are also known and in use.

The control of the drive means or the associated control elements can be effected via a preferably electronically programmable control device, wherein preferably for the flow control of the molding machine already existing programmable control device is used.

Claims (20)

1. Apparatus for producing moulded concrete blocks with lateral recesses in a moulding machine having interchangeable moulds with at least one recess body (AK) which, via displacement devices comprising drive devices and mechanical transmission means, is positionally changeable between a first position projecting into a mould cavity of a mould and a second position withdrawn from the mould cavity, characterized in that the mould is divided into a machine-side mould frame (LL, QL) and a mould insert removably held therein, in that the drive devices (AEL, AER) are arranged on the mould frame side and the recess body (AK) is arranged on the mould insert side, and in that, to change the position of the recess body, first transmission means (UM1) with first coupling elements (KE1) on the mould frame side are in detachable engagement with second coupling elements (KE2) of second transmission means (UM2) on the mould insert side.
2. Apparatus according to Claim 1, characterized in that the engagement between first (KE1) and second (KE2) coupling elements is produced automatically when inserting the mould insert into the mould frame and is released automatically when removing the mould insert from the mould frame.
3. Apparatus according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first (KE1) and second (KE2) coupling elements are arranged offset laterally with respect to the mould cavity (FN) towards the mould frame (LL).
4. Apparatus according to one Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the first transmission devices (UM1) comprise coupling elements (KE1) which can be driven oppositely to one another by the drive devices (AEL, AER).
5. Apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the drive devices (AEL, AER, HZL, HZR) are operated, preferably hydraulically, by a fluid which can be fed in under increased pressure.
6. Apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the first and/or second coupling elements (KE1, KE2) comprise vertical pins.
7. Apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the first and/or second coupling elements (KE1, KE2) are formed by toothed structures (ZR, ZS).
8. Apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that first coupling elements (KE1) and/or the first transmission means (UM1) are guided in a linearly displaceable manner.
9. Apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the drive device (AEL; AER) comprises actuators on at least two opposite sides (LL) of the mould frame.
10. Apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the drive devices (AEL, AER) comprise at least two actuators (HZL, HZR) operating in opposite directions.
11. Apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the drive devices (AEL, AER) comprise a plurality of individually controllable actuators.
12. Apparatus according to Claim 11, characterized in that the actuators are hydraulic cylinders (HZL, HZR) which are each assigned individual controllable actuating elements, in particular servo valves.
13. Apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the drive devices (AEL, AER) are activated by a programmable control device.
14. Apparatus according to Claim 13, characterized in that a programmable control device for the sequence control of the moulding machine is also used for the activation of the drive devices.
15. Mould system having a plurality of different moulds for producing moulded concrete bodies, with lateral recesses in particular in an apparatus according to Claim 1, characterized in that the moulds comprise a mould frame (LL, QL) for connecting to a moulding machine and a mould insert held releaseably in this mould frame and having at least one mould cavity (FN), which determines the shape of the moulded concrete blocks, and having at least one positionally changeable recess body (AK), in that a mould frame (LL, QL) is designed to accommodate at least two different moulds, in that, on the mould frame side, first transmission devices (UM1) with first coupling elements (KE1) can be moved by drive devices (AEL, AER), in that second transmission devices (UM2) with second coupling elements (KE2) on the side of the different mould inserts are designed and arranged in such a way that the second coupling elements (KE2) of different mould inserts can be brought into engagement with first coupling elements (KE1) of one and the same mould frame (LL, QL), and in that the second transmission means (UM2) convert the movement of the first transmission means (UM1) into a positional change of the respective recess body (AK) of the different mould inserts.
16. Mould system according to Claim 15, characterized in that at least one mould insert with at least one linearly displaceable recess body (AK) is provided.
17. Mould system according to Claim 15 or 16, characterized in that at least one mould insert with at least one pivotable recess body is provided.
18. Mould system according to one Claims 15 to 17, characterized in that at least one mould insert without recess bodies, second transmission devices and second coupling elements can be inserted into the mould frame.
19. Mould system according to Claim 15, characterized in that the mould insert comprises positionally changeable recess bodies (AK) on opposite sides, and in that two carriers (URL, URR) are provided which can be displaced oppositely and each have at least one recess body.
20. Mould system according to Claim 19, characterized in that, in the displacement direction of the carriers (URL, URR), at least two mould cavities (FN) in succession are separated by an intermediate wall and in that the carriers are designed as overlapping carrier frames and have recessed bodies towards at least two mould cavities spaced apart in the displacement direction.

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