EP1957219A1 - Verfahren zur anpassungsfähigen prozesssteuerung für die herstellung von gusseisen - Google Patents
Verfahren zur anpassungsfähigen prozesssteuerung für die herstellung von gusseisenInfo
- Publication number
- EP1957219A1 EP1957219A1 EP06829337A EP06829337A EP1957219A1 EP 1957219 A1 EP1957219 A1 EP 1957219A1 EP 06829337 A EP06829337 A EP 06829337A EP 06829337 A EP06829337 A EP 06829337A EP 1957219 A1 EP1957219 A1 EP 1957219A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- melt
- treatment agent
- determination
- casting furnace
- alloy
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 9
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 69
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 65
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 51
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910005347 FeSi Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229960005486 vaccine Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004382 potting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910019086 Mg-Cu Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002076 thermal analysis method Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000013210 evaluation model Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 21
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010944 pre-mature reactiony Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000001787 dendrite Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910017112 Fe—C Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001060 Gray iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000446313 Lamella Species 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006735 deficit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000000873 masking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013178 mathematical model Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012778 molding material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000161 steel melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052714 tellurium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellurium atom Chemical compound [Te] PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002255 vaccination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D1/00—Treatment of fused masses in the ladle or the supply runners before casting
- B22D1/007—Treatment of the fused masses in the supply runners
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/20—Measures not previously mentioned for influencing the grain structure or texture; Selection of compositions therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
- C21C1/08—Manufacture of cast-iron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
- C21C1/10—Making spheroidal graphite cast-iron
- C21C1/105—Nodularising additive agents
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for adaptable process control for the production of cast iron, in particular GJV and GJS, and for calculating the addition quantities in melts, in particular iron melts, into which an alloy is introduced, which contains at least magnesium and a further metal as a treatment agent and a vaccine contains.
- the filler wire consists of an outer jacket made of metal and a filler material, the filler material having at least a first powdery or granular treatment agent and a second treatment agent.
- the invention provides that the second treatment agent is in the form of at least one solid inner wire made of solid material.
- the jacket is made of steel.
- the jacket can also consist of other materials, in particular Cu or aluminum, and therefore also of the material of the melt to be treated.
- the first or second treatment agent and / or the coating can have calcium, lead, sulfur, tellurium, boron, carbon, chromium, manganese, magnesium, silicon, niobium, titanium, vanadium, iron or zirconium and / or alloys of these elements and / or compounds with further elements.
- two-stage treatment methods and thus very long process times with the corrections associated therewith are required, since the treatment of the molten metal, hereinafter referred to as the melt, is essentially upstream and the treatment of the melt takes place in the transport pan and then with the aid of wire injection in the casting furnace . There are also high losses in use of the automatic molding machines. Furthermore, corrections are necessary in this two-stage, very long production process and therefore the temperature losses and the consumption of treatment agents are also very high.
- the invention has for its object to achieve the production of directly castable GJV and GJS melts in a one-step process and for this purpose to optimally adjust the physical characteristics and the cavity index of the castings within the specified process limits, the condition of the iron being continuously evaluated and the exact amounts added are automatically calculated in order to be able to enter the determined quantity into the melt.
- the state of the melt is determined using thermal and chemical analysis and the expected physical, mechanical parameters, Strength index as well as the void cortex-x,
- the shaping agents to be introduced into the melt such as treatment agents, inoculants, alloying agents, carburizing agents, covering material, are then calculated,
- the forming agent with the upper and lower release agents is introduced between the melt of a casting furnace and the still untreated melt to be filled in at least into a casting of the casting furnace or in the form of a wire injection into the melt.
- the total weight of the melt is determined in a casting furnace (1) and / or in a transport pan and the melt is analyzed using a thermal measurement method. It is also advantageous that (4) during and / or after the casting process, the actual process data are continuously compared with target data or with target data stored in a computer, and the forming means are then determined.
- the process data are determined at least the physical, mechanical and chemical parameters and / or the parameters such as strength index and shrinkage index are determined with the aid of the determination of individual cooling temperature curves of the melt (3).
- each crucible has a different response means, e.g. May contain vaccines.
- melt to be poured into a mold and the addition of the new melt to the casting furnace are carried out continuously during the determination of the process data. This can reduce the overall work process.
- the forming agents form a multilayer sandwich such as a triple sandwich or a quadruple sandwich, which as the bottom separating layer contains at least one FeSi-based inoculant, then at least one treatment agent such as metal and Mg and then as the top layer - contains at least one covering agent which does not influence the process of the melt.
- the process time is reduced and, among other things, a uniform process of forming the melt in the casting furnace is achieved.
- the top layer is the covering agent, which consists of crushed steel such as steel granules or steel gravel.
- the treatment agent is an alloy which contains about 10% to 50% Mg and at least one further alloy component such as Cu, Ni, Sn or a lanthanoid such as cerium and into the melt is entered. Due to the advantageous composition of Mg in the treatment agent and the additional metal, a high output is achieved and there is only a low consumption of the treatment agent.
- the alloy contains 15% to 30% Mg and moreover at least Cu or another metal.
- the separating material for example in the area of the cast-in of the pressure casting furnace, a separating layer is formed for the iron level and the iron to be filled in and therefore premature reaction and burning is prevented, so that, among other things, the desired process parameters are reliably achieved and a high level of process reliability combined with high output Mg is guaranteed up to 95%.
- the treatment agent is an alloy which contains approximately 20% Mg and 80% Cu and is introduced into the melt.
- the alloy is largely introduced into the pressure-casting furnace with the exclusion of oxygen from the atmosphere, the treatment and control of the germ state and / or the modification of the alloy components taking place within the pressure-casting furnace.
- steel granules or steel gravel is provided as the top layer or as covering means, which forms a separating layer when the melt is poured in.
- the multi-layer sandwich being pressed into the crucible when the base iron is being poured in and the iron being formed only in this.
- the lower separating layer and the upper layer prevent a reaction in the pouring, the use of steel granules or steel gravel being provided as the top layer or as a covering agent.
- the treatment agent formed at least from metal and Mg is applied in a grain size to the inoculant or separating layer.
- this produces very small amounts of slag.
- the treatment of the melt by the use of alloy components such as Cu and the inoculation of foreign germs results in a controllable reaction in the casting furnace due to the metallurgical separation.
- Cu is present as a pearlite generator in iron, its share in the treatment
- the amount of solution can advantageously be adjusted via the base content in the iron.
- the weight of the melt in the casting furnace and in the transport pan is determined before the formation agents such as inoculants, treatment agents, alloying agents, masking or separating material are input, i.e.
- the actual process data are determined, inter alia, by means of the thermal analysis and thus the amount of base iron to be filled in is determined and the melt is analyzed.
- the treating agent contains 0.03% to 0.09% Mg or 0.005% to 0.03% Mg with respect to the total melt.
- the method according to the invention and the advantageous introduction of the forming agent into the melt make it possible to automate the treatment, the introduction of foreign germs and the alloying, so that the automatically operating molding system is highly available by reducing the process time.
- the work process can be carried out very quickly, since the usual process steps can be dispensed with.
- Another advantage is the very high Mg output, which is between 80% and 95%.
- Fig. 1 shows the potting furnace with a multi-layer sandwich
- FIG. 2 shows a process overview with a measuring and evaluation station for calculating the formation materials, an operating agent dosing system for providing the quantities and the addition into the pouring.
- a casting furnace with the essential functional parts is shown schematically, which can also be designed as a pressure casting furnace 1.
- the pressure casting furnace 1 has, among other things, a sprue 2, a spout 9 and a crucible 8, in which the iron melt, hereinafter referred to as melt 3, is kept at the required casting temperature with the aid of the inductor 10.
- a more recent material development is a cast iron with Vermikulargraph.it, which is referred to below with the abbreviation GJV or GGV.
- GJV the abbreviation
- the graphite is neither in the form of a lamella nor as a sphere, but rather as a knot or worm.
- the mechanical properties of this material lie between the cast iron with lamellar graphite and those of the cast iron with spheroidal graphite.
- the cast iron with vermicular graphite shows compared to the conventional gray cast iron (GG) have a significantly higher tensile strength. Its properties allow higher pressures, for example, in cylinder blocks.
- GGV-Guss offers the opportunity to reduce weight, so that castings can also be used in other areas for engine construction.
- the actual process data of the melt 3, 11 are first determined in the casting furnace during the casting, the calculation of the forming agent and then the filling of the individual materials as a multilayer sandwich 4.1 into the sprue 2, the lower one and the upper separating layer of the multilayer sandwich 4.1 between the melt 3 in the crucible 8 and the iron 11 to be filled in from the transport pan 12 prevents a premature reaction and a burning off of a treatment agent 5.
- the forming material 5 and the covering material 6 are identified in FIG. 1 as a separating layer.
- the base iron 11 is then filled in from the transport pan 12.
- the forming materials 4.1 form the three-layer sandwich.
- a multi-layer sandwich can also be used, wherein the further layers can consist, for example, of further alloying agents which have a favorable effect on the melting process.
- the bottom layer of the formation materials 4.1 has a separating layer 4.
- This separating layer 4 also serves as an adjusting lever for adjusting the microbial content of the iron in the casting furnace 1.
- the separating layer 4 provides an inoculant and is advantageously made of an alloy based on FeSi or another material.
- the treatment agent 5 can consist of an alloy which is approximately 10% to 50% Mg or 15% to 30% Mg or 10% to 25% Mg and moreover at least Cu or instead of Cu Ni, Sn or ?? and also contains other metal, the alloy being introduced or flushed into the melt 3 in a process section which will be explained later.
- the treatment agent 5 which is introduced into the melt 3 is an alloy which contains approximately 20% Mg and 80% Cu or another metal in approximately the same amount.
- the z. B. from metal-Mg, CuMg, NiMg or SnMg or the like treatment agent 5 in a predetermined grain size is applied to the separating layer 4.
- the furnace weight and the amount of base iron 11 to be fed are determined and one
- the third layer is the covering means 6, which does not influence the process of the melt.
- B. steel gravel or steel granules can exist. These three layers form the multilayer sandwich 4.1 with the separating layer 4 and the covering means 6.
- the untreated base iron 11 is with the help of the transport ladle or ladle 12 at the required speed in the forming agent 4,5 and Entry means 6 having poured in 2 and strikes the multilayer sandwich 4.1, so that it is rinsed or pressed into the crucible 8 as a sandwich in the absence of oxygen from the atmosphere and only reacts there.
- the multilayer sandwich 4.1 thus forms the barrier between the iron level 8.1 and the iron to be poured in by means of the transport pan 12, the separating layers prevent a premature reaction of the treatment agent 5 and ultimately bring about a very good yield of the Mg up to 95%.
- a directly pourable GGV or GGG melt in the casting furnace 1 is made possible by a one-step process.
- the base iron 11 presses or rinses the multilayer sandwich 4.1 into the crucible 8, so that the iron is treated in the interior of the furnace with the aid of the Mg.
- the chemical final analysis can now be set using the special FeSi-based inoculant, the microbial count and possible alloying agents.
- the required actual process data of the melt 3 are recorded in the casting furnace 1 during the casting process.
- the comparison calculation with the target data is used to automatically determine the addition quantities of forming materials 4.1.
- the required process data include at least the determination of the strength index and the blow hole index, which can be done with the help of the individual cooling temperature curves of the melt 3 can be determined.
- the formation materials 4, 5 and covering materials 6 determined by a computer 17, as described above, are provided and in the required amount in the Dispensed 2, in which, as already mentioned, the multilayer sandwich 4.1 is formed.
- the vaccine such. B. one based on FeSi
- the treatment agent 5 Mg + metal
- the covering agent 6 in the silo 14 there is e.g. B. the vaccine such. B. one based on FeSi
- the treatment agent 5 Mg + metal
- the covering agent 6 in the silo 14 the silo 14 the treatment agent 5 (Mg + metal) and in the third silo 16 the covering agent 6.
- the iron can also be formed with the aid of a wire injection.
- the method according to the invention for an adaptable process control for the production of cast iron, in particular GJV and GJS and for calculating the addition quantities or treatment agents in the iron melt can also be carried out when using wire injection in the casting furnace.
- the melt 3 is poured off continuously via the spout 9 during the measuring process.
- measuring devices 17 the thermal analysis in two closed crucibles, the weight of the melt, the casting temperature, the various other parameters are recorded and a chemical analysis of the melt 3 is carried out.
- the strength index and shrinkage index for GJV can be determined using the thermal analysis described below:
- the structure is of crucial importance for the mechanical properties of cast components. This cast structure is determined during crystallization depending on the chemical composition, the cooling rate and the microbial count.
- the parameter is the degree of saturation or the carbon equivalent. These determine the position of the cast iron alloy in the Fe-C diagram. These parameters are influenced by third emeate. Other important variables are the elements that directly influence the basic structure, namely the pearlite formers.
- the cooling rate is influenced by a number of factors, namely: a) the ratio of volume to surface of the casting, b) the thermophysical properties of the core and molding materials,
- the difference between the specific volumes of solid and liquid is the cause of the occurrence of volume errors.
- the size of the volume deficit primarily depends on the respective casting material. With eutectic solidification, the expansion of the precipitated graphite counteracts the shrinkage of the austenite. This means that depending on the chemical composition, the cooling conditions and the microbial count "Self-feeding" is improved. For the "self-feeding" to be effective, endogenous shell-forming solidification must be present.
- the type of solidification is influenced by the chemical composition, the microbial count and the cooling rate.
- Thermal analysis is a method for checking the quality of the melt. It is based on the recording of the time-temperature curve during the solidification of the melt and the evaluation of distinctive points that arise during the crystallization. If the liquidus temperature is undershot, nucleation and austenite dendrite growth begin in the melt. Dendrite growth releases heat. A kink occurs in the curve. When cooling further, the temperature drops below the eutectic equilibrium temperature. Below this temperature, growth-capable nuclei form on foreign substrates in the melt. During the subsequent grain growth, heat is released, which can show a rise in the temperature of the melt (recalescence).
- the cooling curve thus always shows the interaction between heat removal and development and thus the course of crystallization.
- the mechanical parameters are determined from the prescribed areas of the castings.
- the result data for the void index are determined as follows:
- Parameters with a high correlation of the process data to the result data are determined via the mathematical model of the evaluation of the cooling curve of the melt in the crucibles 14, 15, 16 of the measuring station 17. The mathematical combination of these parts results in the strength and blowholes index.
- each crucible 14 to 16 of the measuring station 17 can have a different response means or vaccination means.
- the determined values or process data are forwarded to the database or the process control computer 17 and evaluated and are available for the determination or quantity of the formation means 4.1.
- the process data is continuously compared with the specified target data, so that the process can be continuously adapted or optimized (learning system).
- the two determined temperature cooling curves of the melt 3 in the crucibles 14 to 16 of the measuring station 17 become the strength index and the Cavity index determined.
- the process data are determined using a mathematically optimal model and compared with the result data.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102005058532A DE102005058532B4 (de) | 2005-12-08 | 2005-12-08 | Verfahren zur anpassungsfähigen Prozesssteuerung für die Herstellung von Gusseisen |
| PCT/EP2006/011705 WO2007065651A1 (de) | 2005-12-08 | 2006-12-06 | Verfahren zur anpassungsfähigen prozesssteuerung für die herstellung von gusseisen |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1957219A1 true EP1957219A1 (de) | 2008-08-20 |
| EP1957219B1 EP1957219B1 (de) | 2010-06-16 |
| EP1957219B8 EP1957219B8 (de) | 2010-08-18 |
Family
ID=37946318
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP06829337A Expired - Fee Related EP1957219B8 (de) | 2005-12-08 | 2006-12-06 | Verfahren zur anpassungsfähigen prozesssteuerung für die herstellung von gusseisen |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20080302503A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1957219B8 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE102005058532B4 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2007065651A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102014222633B4 (de) | 2013-12-05 | 2019-05-23 | Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Fertigeisenmarke |
| EP3666415A1 (de) * | 2018-12-14 | 2020-06-17 | GF Casting Solutions Leipzig GmbH | Verfahren zur herstellung von gjs und gjv gusseisen |
| JP2023528163A (ja) | 2020-04-21 | 2023-07-04 | アロテック リミテッド | 金属間化合物のフレキシブル生産方法及びそれを作製するための装置 |
| CN115896392B (zh) * | 2022-10-26 | 2025-09-30 | 中冶南方工程技术有限公司 | 一种双工位自动加料控制方法 |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1138952A (en) * | 1966-02-07 | 1969-01-01 | Kazuji Kusaka | Process for producing a magnesium-containing spherical graphite cast iron having little dross present |
| DE1810995A1 (de) * | 1968-11-26 | 1970-09-17 | Heimes Dr Ing Friedrich | Entgasung von Metallschmelzen mit Magnesiumdampf |
| US4391636A (en) * | 1981-12-16 | 1983-07-05 | Wintec Company | Method of and apparatus for the production of nodular (ductile) cast iron |
| SE502227C2 (sv) * | 1993-12-30 | 1995-09-18 | Sintercast Ab | Förfarande för kontinuerligt tillhandahållande av förbehandlat smält järn för gjutning av föremål av kompaktgrafitjärn |
| DE19916234C2 (de) * | 1999-03-01 | 2001-03-08 | Odermath Stahlwerkstechnik | Fülldraht zur Behandlung von Schmelzen mittels Drahtinjektion |
| FR2800752B1 (fr) * | 1999-11-10 | 2002-02-08 | Mecanique Franc De | Procede de fabrication d'une fonte a graphite spheroidal brute de coulee bainitique |
-
2005
- 2005-12-08 DE DE102005058532A patent/DE102005058532B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2006
- 2006-12-06 US US12/096,640 patent/US20080302503A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-12-06 WO PCT/EP2006/011705 patent/WO2007065651A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2006-12-06 EP EP06829337A patent/EP1957219B8/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-12-06 DE DE502006007242T patent/DE502006007242D1/de active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2007065651A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102005058532B4 (de) | 2008-09-04 |
| DE502006007242D1 (de) | 2010-07-29 |
| WO2007065651A1 (de) | 2007-06-14 |
| EP1957219B8 (de) | 2010-08-18 |
| EP1957219B1 (de) | 2010-06-16 |
| DE102005058532A1 (de) | 2007-06-14 |
| US20080302503A1 (en) | 2008-12-11 |
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