EP1954890B1 - Ensemble embout pour engin de terrassement - Google Patents

Ensemble embout pour engin de terrassement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1954890B1
EP1954890B1 EP05823628A EP05823628A EP1954890B1 EP 1954890 B1 EP1954890 B1 EP 1954890B1 EP 05823628 A EP05823628 A EP 05823628A EP 05823628 A EP05823628 A EP 05823628A EP 1954890 B1 EP1954890 B1 EP 1954890B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pocket
tip
nose
assembly according
seat
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EP05823628A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1954890A1 (fr
Inventor
Giovanni Esti
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ESTI Srl
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ESTI Srl
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Priority to EP11173680A priority Critical patent/EP2378010A3/fr
Publication of EP1954890A1 publication Critical patent/EP1954890A1/fr
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Publication of EP1954890B1 publication Critical patent/EP1954890B1/fr
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/28—Small metalwork for digging elements, e.g. teeth scraper bits
    • E02F9/2808—Teeth
    • E02F9/2816—Mountings therefor
    • E02F9/2825—Mountings therefor using adapters
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/28—Small metalwork for digging elements, e.g. teeth scraper bits
    • E02F9/2808—Teeth
    • E02F9/2816—Mountings therefor
    • E02F9/2833—Retaining means, e.g. pins
    • E02F9/2841—Retaining means, e.g. pins resilient

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a tip assembly for earth moving machinery, such as excavators.
  • tip assemblies such as in US-A-2921391 for earth moving machinery are known, comprising a tip, an adapter and a key for locking the tip to the adapter.
  • the tip has a pocket open at the back defining a female portion and a hole for seating the locking key formed in a pair of opposed walls defining said pocket.
  • the adapter has a body shaped to be attached, for example by welding or bolting, to the machine bucket and a nose that extends from said body and that defines a male portion that geometrically couples with the tip pocket.
  • the nose is crossed by a seat of the locking key, said seat extending between two opposed surfaces of said nose and being aligned with the hole in the tip.
  • the manufacture of the tip assembly into two separable portions, tip and adapter advantageously allows the replacement of the tip only, when worn, while the adapter remains permanently attached to the machine bucket.
  • the system for locking the tip to the adapter obtained for example by the key, must therefore be suitable for allowing an easy and quick replacement of the tip.
  • US 2921391 discloses a dipper tooth assembly comprising a base and a point in telescopic relationship with each other, wherein at least one pair of flat parallel surfaces on the base are formed on the base and of the point which are engageable to prevent their separation.
  • US 3508352 discloses another dipper tooth assembly having a tooth point capped over a support, in which predetermined areas of contact between the tooth and the support are provided by means of recesses so located as to cause stress reduction in the corners of the support and near the sides of the tooth.
  • the tooth point cavity is provided with upper and lower opposing and spaced ledges which engages corresponding shelves of the nose section.
  • the object of the present invention therefore is to meet the above need while solving the disadvantages of the tip assemblies of the prior art.
  • FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of the tip assembly according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 shows an enlarged axial section of the central and front portion of the tip assembly
  • figure 3a shows a section similar to the previous one but with the locking key in a pre-introduction position
  • figure 4 shows a perspective view of the tip only
  • figure 5 shows an axial section of the tip
  • figure 6 shows the tip viewed from the back end
  • figure 7 shows a perspective top view of the adapter
  • figure 8 shows a perspective bottom view of the adapter
  • figure 9 shows a side view of the adapter
  • figure 10 shows a perspective view of the locking key
  • figure 11 shows an elevation view of the key
  • figure 12 shows a plan view of the key in home position
  • figure 13 shows a plan view of the key in use position.
  • the tip assembly according to the present invention comprises a tip 11, an adapter 41 and a locking key 61.
  • the tip assembly basically extends along a longitudinal axis X relative to which it is possible to determine a back portion and a front portion of the tip assembly.
  • Axis X also coincides with the assembly direction of the tip to the adapter.
  • Tip 11 is the actual earth moving tool while adapter 41 is the element for attaching the tip assembly to the bucket of an earth moving machinery, such as an excavator, in this case partly represented by a blade 10. While tip 11 is replaced when worn, adapter 41 remains normally attached to the bucket. The locking key 61 tightly secures tip 11 to adapter 41.
  • Tip 11 has a front working portion 11' and a back portion 11" for coupling with adapter 41.
  • the coupling between tip 11 and adapter 41 is of the male-female type, the back portion 11" of the tip defining the female portion of the coupling. More in detail, said back portion 11" comprises a pocket 12 open at the back.
  • Adapter 41 has a front portion 42, hereinafter referred to as nose, and a back portion 50, called adapter body.
  • Nose 42 is the male portion of the coupling with the tip and is shaped complementary to pocket 12 for introducing therein and geometrically coupling thereto.
  • Nose 42 extends from body 50, which has a shape, such as a V shape, for being attached, such as by welding of screwing, to blade 10.
  • tip 11 has a hole 16 for seating the locking key 61 formed in a pair of opposed walls 13, 14 delimiting pocket 12.
  • nose 42 is crossed by a seat 43 for the locking key 61, said seat extending between two opposed surfaces 47, 48 of said nose and being aligned with hole 16 in tip 11.
  • At least one of said opposed surfaces of nose 47, 48 has a lowered or recessed zone 49 located around seat 43 for the locking key 61.
  • each wall of pocket 12 facing each surface of the nose having the lowered zone 49 internally has a relief 18 complementary to said lowered or recessed zone 49. After the introduction of nose 42 into pocket 12, relief 18 matches the lowered zone 49, geometrically coupling therewith.
  • walls 13, 14 of pocket 12 crossed by hole 16 and surfaces 47, 48 of nose 42 with seat 43 are inclined relative to the longitudinal axis X and converging at the front.
  • hole 16 in the pocket and seat 43 in the nose extend around a transversal axis Y perpendicular to said longitudinal axis X.
  • wall 13 and surface 47 face upwards, whereas wall 14 and surface 48 face backwards.
  • the transversal axis Y is substantially vertical. In the presence of multiple tip assemblies next to one another at a short distance therefrom, this arrangement allows a convenient application and removal of the key from the top, that is, without the adjacent tip assemblies being a hindrance to such operations.
  • said lowered or recessed zone 49 is defined by a plane portion perpendicular to said transversal axis Y.
  • said relief 18 emerging from each of the inclined walls 13, 14 of pocket 12 is obtained by a thickening of said walls about hole 16 for the locking key 61, said thickening progressively increasing towards the pocket opening so as to define a plane perpendicular to said transversal axis Y.
  • nose 42 and pocket 12 have respective opposed side surfaces and walls 54, 15 substantially vertical.
  • each of said side surfaces 54 of nose 12 has for the full extension thereof, a kerb or guide tongue 55 parallel to the longitudinal axis X.
  • each of said side walls 15 of pocket 12 internally has a guide groove 22 suitable for receiving said kerb or guide tongue 55 of the nose.
  • pocket 12 ends at the front with a plane bottom 20 defining a front stop for nose 42.
  • the latter has a substantially plane front end 53 resting against said plane bottom 20 of the pocket.
  • pocket 12 and nose 42 take up the shape of a parallelepiped with trapezoidal section of a truncated pyramid.
  • said plane bottom 20 of the pocket is surrounded by a peripheral slot or groove 21 suitable for receiving any scrap or residues, for example due to pressing, casting or coating of tip 11.
  • Said groove 21 ensures that adapter 42 always abuts against the stop plane 20, also in the presence of scrap, residues or dirt inside pocket 12. Consequently, hole 16 is always aligned with seat 43. Hole 16 and seat 43 can thus be made in a very accurate manner, without the need of providing for clearance for compensating any misalignment, clearance which would negatively affect the efficiency of locking of the tip to the adapter.
  • tip 11 and adapter 41 h ave further coupling portions shaped to penetrate each other when said tip and adapter are assembled.
  • such reciprocal penetration is advantageously realised at the level of the surfaces of abutment of the tip on the adapter along the longitudinal axis X.
  • body 50 of the adapter has at the front a peripheral edge 51 substantially plane that surrounds nose 42 and that defines a shoulder or support stop for tip 11.
  • at least one side of said peripheral edge preferably two opposed sides, has a breakage 52 wherein there is inserted a respective complementary tooth 19 which extends in continuation from at least one, preferably two opposed, of the walls delimiting pocket 12.
  • the junction line of the tip to the adapter is a broken line.
  • hole 16 in pocket 12 and seat 43 in nose 42 have respective back surfaces 16a, 43a substantially plane.
  • the locking key 61 has a back surface substantially plane 62 resting on said back surfaces of the hole and of the seat.
  • the coupling between the back surface 62 of the locking key, tip 11 and adapter 42 is a coupling between plane surfaces.
  • the locking key 61 has a back portion 64 defining said back surface 62, a front portion 65 defining a front surface 63 and an intermediate portion 66 made of elastic material. Said intermediate portion 66 is suitable for allowing an introduction by compression of the locking key 61 in the adapter seat.
  • the transversal section of seat 43 in nose 42 is lower than the transversal section of the central portion 67 of key 61 intended for seating into said seat. Only by a compression of the intermediate portion 66 that allows moving the front 65 and back 64 portions close to each other, key 61 is introduced into seat 43.
  • the intermediate portion 66 of the locking key 61 is made of elastomeric material, such as rubber.
  • the two front and back portions of the key can for example be made of steel.
  • hole 16 and seat 43 have respective front surfaces 17, 44 that extend parallel to the transversal axis Y.
  • the front surface 44 of the seat is rear relative to the front surface 17 of hole 16 so as to define a step 45 (at the top) and an undercut 46 (at the bottom) therewith.
  • the latter has end portions 68 respectively interacting with said step 45 and with said undercut 46 so as to axially constrain key 61 into seat 43.
  • said end portions 68 protrude at the front beyond the central portion 67 so as to define respective steps 69 therewith.
  • the back portion 64 of the locking key 61 has a rectangular cross section, whereas the front portion 65 has a substantially semicircular cross section. Moreover, each end portion 68 ends with a chamfer 70 acting as seat for an easy introduction of key 61 into seat 43.
  • the elastic intermediate portion 66 has a longitudinal extension, that is, along axis Y, smaller than the adjacent front 65 and back 64 portions, so as to be protected thereby when the key is pushed into seat 43 or removed from seat 43 with a tool acting on the end portions 68.
  • walls 13, 14 of the pocket crossed by hole 16 for key 61 have , at the level of said hole 16, a thickness at least equal to the height extension of said end portions 68 of the locking key 61.
  • said hole 16 defines, with the underlying step 45, a seat for a guided pre-introduction of the locking key 61 in hole 16 of the pocket and in seat 43 in the adapter.
  • the section of hole 16 is equal or slightly greater than the section of the end portions 68 of key 61, so that an end of the key may be inserted in a guided manner in hole 16 and may remain autonomously resting thereon, that is, without the aid of an operator, as shown in figure 3a .
  • Such guided pre-introduction of the key enables the operator to push the key into seat 43 in an easy manner (the key being already perfectly aligned with the seat) and safely (it is not necessary to use the hands to hold the key into position), for example using a hammer.
  • the coupling between the reliefs and the lowered zones involves the nose at the seat for the locking key, that is, close to the connection to body 50, where its thickness is larger.
  • the connection between the reliefs and the lowered zones ensures a constant and high tear strength due to the mechanical strains the tip assembly is subject to.
  • the presence of the lowered zones and of the reliefs in the pocket has the further effect of increasing the rest surface of the locking key to the back surface 16a of hole 16.
  • Such increase of rest surface allows the corresponding increase of the resistance to the extraction of the tip from the adapter to prevent possible breakage due to an excessive pressure on the tip portion in contact with the key.
  • the key thus configured allows a single position of introduction in the hole and in the seat and thus an always correct snapping of the front step of the key in the undercut of the adapter.
  • the locking key is sized so that the elastic intermediate portion compresses not only during the introduction in the seat thereof, but it remains compressed also after the introduction. Such compression, along with the presence of the marked front steps, allows avoiding any risk of accidental extraction of the key, for example due to the impact with items or debris while the machinery is working.
  • the locking key and the hole in the pocket are sized to allow a resting of the key into said hole through an end portion thereof, already in aligned position with the seat in the nose and without the need of being manually supported.
  • Such easiness of assembly of the tip assembly is also due to the presence of the abutment plane on the bottom of the pocket of the tip and of the groove surrounding it.
  • said plane and said peripheral groove always ensure the same positioning between the tip and the adapter, and therefore a constant and perfect alignment between the hole in the pocket and the seat in the nose.
  • the snap-wise coupling between tip and adapter also at the level of the outer contact surfaces imparts a very compact and smooth design to the tip assembly, as if the two elements were a single body. This also allows preventing any earth or other work materials from meeting any hindrances while loading and emptying the bucket.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Component Parts Of Construction Machinery (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
  • Fittings On The Vehicle Exterior For Carrying Loads, And Devices For Holding Or Mounting Articles (AREA)

Claims (23)

  1. Ensemble d'embout pour engin de terrassement, s'étendant le long d'un axe longitudinal (X) entre une partie de travail avant et une partie arrière pour la fixation à un godet de l'engin de terrassement, et comprenant :
    un embout (11) définissant une poche (12) ouverte à l'arrière et définissant une partie femelle, ledit embout (11) ayant un trou (16) pour installer une clavette de blocage (61) formée dans une paire de parois opposées (13, 14) définissant ladite poche (12) ;
    un adaptateur (41) ayant un nez (42) définissant une partie mâle qui se couple géométriquement avec ladite poche (12), ledit nez (42) étant traversé par un siège (43) pour une clavette de blocage (61), ledit siège (43) s'étendant entre deux surfaces opposées dudit nez (42) et étant aligné avec ledit trou (16) dans l'embout (11), lorsque l'embout (11) et l'adaptateur (41) sont assemblés ; et
    une clavette de blocage (61) insérée dans ledit trou (16) de l'embout (11) et dans ledit siège (43) de l'adaptateur (41) pour bloquer l'embout (11) sur l'adaptateur (41), dans lequel au moins l'une desdites surfaces opposées du nez (42) a une zone abaissée ou évidée (49) positionnée autour du siège (43) pour recevoir la clavette de blocage (61),
    dans lequel au moins la paroi (13, 14) de la poche (12) faisant face à ladite au moins une surface du nez (42) a, à l'intérieur de cette dernière, un relief (18) complémentaire de ladite zone abaissée ou évidée (49), et le relief (18) ayant une forme qui augmente progressivement en s'épaississant vers l'ouverture de poche, et
    dans lequel le trou (16) dans la poche (12) et le siège (43) dans le nez (42) s'étendent autour d'un axe transversal (Y) perpendiculaire audit axe longitudinal (X), caractérisé en ce que la poche (12) se termine au niveau de l'avant avec un fond plan (20), et en ce que ledit nez (42) a une extrémité avant sensiblement plane (53) reposant contre ledit fond plan (20) de la poche (12), et en ce que ledit trou (16) dans les parois de poche (13, 14) et ledit siège (43) dans le nez (42) ont, par rapport audit axe longitudinal (X), des surfaces arrière respectives planes (16a, 43a) alignées entre elles, la surface arrière plane (16a) dans le trou (16) d'au moins une paroi de poche (13, 14) étant formée dans ledit relief d'épaississement (18) et en ce que ladite clavette de blocage (61) a une surface arrière plane (62) reposant en même temps sur lesdites surfaces arrière (16a, 43a) du trou (16) et du siège (43), lorsque le nez (42) vient en butée contre le fond plan (20) de la poche (12).
  2. Ensemble d'embout selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le nez (42) et la poche (12) comprennent des surfaces opposées respectives et des parois inclinées par rapport audit axe longitudinal (X) et convergeant à l'avant, le siège (43) dans le nez (42) et le trou (16) dans la poche (12) étant étendus entre lesdites surfaces et parois inclinées.
  3. Ensemble d'embout selon la revendication 2, dans lequel ladite zone abaissée ou évidée (49) est définie par une partie de plan perpendiculaire audit axe transversal (Y).
  4. Ensemble d'embout selon la revendication 2 ou 3, dans lequel lesdites surfaces et parois inclinées du nez (42) et de la poche (12), respectivement, sont les surfaces et parois supérieures et inférieures du nez (42) et de la poche (12).
  5. Ensemble d'embout selon la revendication 4, dans lequel le nez (42) et la poche (12) comprennent des surfaces et des parois latérales opposées respectives sensiblement verticales.
  6. Ensemble d'embout selon la revendication 5, dans lequel chacune desdites surfaces latérales du nez (42) comprend, pour la totalité de son extension, une bordure ou languette de guidage (55) parallèle à l'axe longitudinal (X) et dans lequel chacune desdites parois latérales de la poche comprend intérieurement une rainure de guidage (22) appropriée pour recevoir ladite bordure ou languette de guidage (55) du nez (42).
  7. Ensemble d'embout selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel ladite clavette de blocage (61) comprend une surface avant (63) mettant en prise l'adaptateur (41).
  8. Ensemble d'embout selon la revendication 7, dans lequel ladite clavette de blocage (61) comprend une partie arrière (64) définissant ladite surface arrière (62), une partie avant (65) définissant ladite surface avant (63) et une partie intermédiaire (66) réalisée avec un matériau élastique.
  9. Ensemble d'embout selon la revendication 8, dans lequel ladite partie intermédiaire est appropriée pour permettre une introduction par compression de la clavette de blocage (61) dans le siège d'adaptateur.
  10. Ensemble d'embout selon la revendication 9, dans lequel la partie intermédiaire de la clavette de blocage (61) est réalisée avec un matériau élastomère.
  11. Ensemble d'embout selon la revendication 10, dans lequel ledit matériau élastomère est du caoutchouc.
  12. Ensemble d'embout selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le trou (16) dans la poche (12) et le siège (43) dans le nez comprennent des surfaces avant (17, 44) respectives qui s'étendent parallèlement à l'axe transversal (Y), la surface avant (44) du siège (43) étant une surface arrière par rapport à la surface avant (17) du trou (16) afin de définir un échelon (45) au niveau de la partie supérieure et un dégagement (46) au fond.
  13. Ensemble d'embout selon la revendication 12, dans lequel la clavette de blocage (61) comprend une partie centrale (67) installée par compression dans le siège d'adaptateur et une partie d'extrémité (68) interagissant respectivement avec ledit échelon et ledit dégagement afin de contraindre de manière axiale la clavette de blocage (61).
  14. Ensemble d'embout selon la revendication 13, dans lequel lesdites parties d'extrémité (68) font saillie à l'avant au-delà de la partie centrale (67) afin de définir des échelons (69) respectifs avec cette dernière.
  15. Ensemble d'embout selon la revendication 13 ou 14, dans lequel les parois de poche (13, 14) avec le trou (16) pour la clavette de blocage (61) ont, au niveau dudit trou (16), une épaisseur au moins égale à l'extension de hauteur desdites parties d'extrémité de la clavette de blocage (61).
  16. Ensemble d'embout selon la revendication 15, dans lequel au moins la paroi dans la paroi supérieure de la poche (12) définit, avec l'échelon formé par la surface avant du siège dans l'adaptateur (41), un siège pour une pré-introduction guidée de la clavette de blocage (61) dans le trou dans la poche et dans le siège de l'adaptateur (41).
  17. Ensemble d'embout selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel l'embout (11) et l'adaptateur (41) comprennent des parties de couplage formées pour pénétrer l'une par rapport à l'autre lorsque ledit embout (11) et l'adaptateur (41) sont assemblés.
  18. Ensemble d'embout selon la revendication 17, dans lequel la ligne de jonction de la pointe (11) par rapport à l'adaptateur (41) lorsqu'ils sont assemblés, est une ligne en pointillés.
  19. Ensemble d'embout selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le nez (42) de l'adaptateur s'étend à partir d'un corps (50) de raccordement par rapport au godet de l'engin de terrassement, ledit corps de raccordement comprenant à l'avant, un bord périphérique (51) sensiblement plan qui entoure le nez (42) et qui définit un épaulement ou butée de support pour l'embout (11).
  20. Ensemble d'embout selon la revendication 19, dans lequel au moins un côté dudit bord périphérique a une rupture (52), dans laquelle on introduit une dent complémentaire (19) respective s'étendant à partir d'au moins l'une des parois délimitant la poche (12) de l'embout.
  21. Ensemble d'embout selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la poche (12) dans l'embout, se termine à l'avant avec un fond plan (20) définissant une butée avant pour le nez (42).
  22. Ensemble d'embout selon la revendication 21, dans lequel le nez (42) comprend une extrémité avant sensiblement plane (53) reposant contre le fond plan (20) de la poche (12).
  23. Ensemble d'embout selon la revendication 21 ou 22, dans lequel ledit fond plan (20) de la poche (12) est entouré par une rainure ou paroi périphérique (21).
EP05823628A 2005-11-25 2005-11-25 Ensemble embout pour engin de terrassement Active EP1954890B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11173680A EP2378010A3 (fr) 2005-11-25 2005-11-25 Ensemble d'extrémité pour machine se déplaçant à terre

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/IT2005/000692 WO2007060697A1 (fr) 2005-11-25 2005-11-25 Ensemble embout pour engin de terrassement

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1954890A1 EP1954890A1 (fr) 2008-08-13
EP1954890B1 true EP1954890B1 (fr) 2011-08-03

Family

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Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05823628A Active EP1954890B1 (fr) 2005-11-25 2005-11-25 Ensemble embout pour engin de terrassement
EP11173680A Withdrawn EP2378010A3 (fr) 2005-11-25 2005-11-25 Ensemble d'extrémité pour machine se déplaçant à terre

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11173680A Withdrawn EP2378010A3 (fr) 2005-11-25 2005-11-25 Ensemble d'extrémité pour machine se déplaçant à terre

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20080256832A1 (fr)
EP (2) EP1954890B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN101316968B (fr)
AT (1) ATE518993T1 (fr)
BR (1) BRPI0520798B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007060697A1 (fr)

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Publication number Publication date
EP2378010A2 (fr) 2011-10-19
WO2007060697A1 (fr) 2007-05-31
BRPI0520798B1 (pt) 2017-06-13
EP2378010A3 (fr) 2012-01-18
ATE518993T1 (de) 2011-08-15
EP1954890A1 (fr) 2008-08-13
CN101316968B (zh) 2011-07-27
CN101316968A (zh) 2008-12-03
US20080256832A1 (en) 2008-10-23
BRPI0520798A2 (pt) 2009-06-23

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