EP1945863A1

EP1945863A1 - Method and foundation system for the transfer and spreading of load from a building structure onto stable layers

Info

Publication number: EP1945863A1
Application number: EP06791494A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Bjarne Oerum Nielsen
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2005-10-10
Filing date: 2006-10-10
Publication date: 2008-07-23
Also published as: WO2007042050A1

Abstract

For generations, foundations and an insulated or non-insulated terrain cover (floor) for the distribution of a building's load have been established by on-site moulding. However, a simple, effective and valid quality control of on-site moulded foundations/terrain covers is hardly able to be effected without a relatively great consumption of time. Moreover, the on-site moulding involves a relatively long building time which gives rise for the need for the establishing of building sites with workmen's huts, theft-protected storage facilities for tools and building materials etc., all of which are undesired cost-generating factors. To overcome these problems, there is disclosed a method and a terrain cover system which is characteristic in that for the establishing of the terrain cover (2) on a previously levelled supporting ground layer (3) of suitable material, there is laid out a terrain cover system comprising at least one, but preferably a multiple, of prefabricated terrain cover elements (4, 6, 8, 10, 12) with insulation material (20) oriented towards the levelled supporting ground layer (3), said terrain elements (4, 6, 8, 10, 12) in combination forming a finished terrain cover/foundation (2) for the distribution of the load from a building construction placed on said terrain cover/foundation.

Description

Title: Method and foundation system for the transfer and spreading of load from a building structure onto stable layers.

The present invention relates to a method for establishing of transfer and dis- tribution of loads (compression forces, traction forces and shearing forces) from a building construction to stable earth layers via a terrain cover consisting of one or more layers of insulating materials, combined with a pressure-absorbing and load- distributing support layer, and a terrain cover system for the execution of the method according to the invention.

For generations, the implementation of an insulated or a non-insulated terrain cover (floor) has been handled as two building elements independent from each other. The foundations have fulfilled the need for the transfer of a building's load from roof and walls to the underlying ground layer, in combination with the founda- tions having served to secure buildings against settling as a result of frost in ground layers which have not been frost proof.

In this connection, over the years there have been developed a number of foundation elements and systems such as e.g. patent US4751803 or JP11013066. This type of invention typically involves production and assembly of foundation systems in the form of various concrete elements and the like which are mounted on foundation beams, after which the terrain cover/the floor is built up and cast in traditional manner as building site work.

The terrain cover itself has primarily met the need for the separation of the building from the underlying ground layer with or without insulation, at the same time with the terrain cover functioning as load-transferring layer for the building's surface load, which is normally considerably lower than the forces which shall be transferred to the building's foundations.

By virtue of the valid foundation norms such as e.g. the DS 415 and EU standards EN 13370 and EN 13793 having opened up for the implementation of frost-proofing of foundations by insulation as an alternative to the implementation of traditional foundations by digging down to frost-free depth, over recent years there have been developed a number of new foundation methods and systems, where the use of insulation elements under and in the building fundament and a terrain cover forms an alternative to the traditional method of creating a foundation. Examples of such products and systems are to be found in the patents SE 505361, SE 507845, SE 9802253 and SE 444335.

It is a common characteristic of these patents that the products and/or the systems offered by these are all intended for implementation as building site operations, where the individual parts consist of small insulation elements with accessories, reinforcement netting or loose reinforcement adapted on site and fresh in-site concrete which are all formed, positioned, assembled and cast at the building site, which means that the establishing of foundations in accordance with said patents will result in the work stretching over several days/weeks, with consequent costs regarding personnel.

The presence of personnel over a long period of time means that a proper building site needs to be established, with workers' sheds, toilet facilities with run- ning water, and herewith associated collection and drainage facilities for waste water, storage facilities for tools and, if work is to be carried out in the winter months, building-site lighting, in connection with the use of said systems. With the demands which are placed on the working environment, the costs involved in establishing building sites are relatively high. To this can be added that a safeguard- ing of the building site against theft of tools and building materials can also constitute a considerable expense.

The weather will also play a role in connection with the establishing of a site- moulded building foundation and terrain cover. Bad weather will extend the time taken to establish this. Moreover, the work process will be difficult to control due to the combination and the complexity of the various work processes, which also involves extra costs.

The ideal situation will thus be to be able to establish a building founda- tion/terrain cover in the shortest possible time, and preferably in one working day. Alternatively, when the work stretches over a longer period of time as a consequence of the extent of the foundation/terrain cover, the establishing hereof can take place in stages, so that the storage of building materials or the establishing of a proper building site can be avoided.

From UK 2 300 009 A there is known an in-situ moulded terrain cover consisting of pressure-proof, insulating elements laid out on more or less stable ground. The facing sides of the pressure-proof insulating elements are bevelled from the upper side to a recess closest to the side of the insulating elements facing towards the terrain, where said bevels in combination form a slot for the placing and mounting of reinforcing rods, and which are subsequently (in-situ) moulded out with concrete or a corresponding material which, after hardening, to- gether with the reinforcement rods and the pressure-proof insulating elements forms an insulating terrain cover.

However, no directions are disclosed regarding the dividing of the terrain cover into sections, and nor are there any directions provided regarding means for the handling of such a terrain cover in the form of eye bolts for lifting. Therefore, the establishing of a proper building site with workers' sheds and the like will be necessary in connection with the establishing of a terrain cover in accordance with UK 2 300 009 A. A further disadvantage with the terrain cover is that in-situ moulding will mean that it will be necessary to use a concrete with relatively high content of water, which necessitates a drying time of around 30-40 days before the content of water in the terrain cover is low enough to permit the carrying out of assembly work with moisture-sensitive building materials, which will result in an inexpediently long construction period, for example in connection with house building.

From US 6 101 779 A there is known a pre-fabricated, reinforced concrete element with integrated longitudinal and transverse reinforcement beams for use as supporting cover element between the storeys in a building, or as terrain cover element when the cover element is subsequently insulated following production of the cover element. The subsequent insulation can take place at the factory by the gluing of insulating material on the side of the cover element facing towards the terrain.

Said concrete element has the disadvantage that, regardless of the degree of insulation, the cover element implemented as a terrain cover element will be only partly insulated, since the under-support points for the terrain cover element will always be un-insulated, which will mean that the under-support points will form cold bridges. Cold bridges in the under-support points will be further increased by the existence of steel reinforcements in the under-support points, and which are through-going or which have connection with the reinforcement rods in the upper side of the element. Furthermore, the use of said concrete element as terrain cover has the further disadvantage that separate point foundations must be provided in the under-support points, which will extend the building period. It can also be mentioned that drainage installations, which are led through the concrete ele- ment as terrain cover element, are led to open cavities, the result being that it will be necessary to establish separate insulation/frost-proofing for these.

All in all, the known technique provides possibilities of insulating terrain cov- ers, partly as in-situ moulded units, or as prefabricated subsequently insulated and reinforced part-elements which are supported on point foundations, but with all examples of the known technique it is necessary for a proper building site to be established, inasmuch as there shall either be carried out an in-situ moulding of the terrain cover plate, or of the point foundations for the supporting of the terrain cover.

The object of the present invention is thus to provide a method for the establishing of a transfer and distribution of loads (compression forces, traction forces, shearing forces) from a building construction to bearing ground layers via a terrain cover of the kind disclosed by way of introduction, whereby the above-mentioned problems regarding the demand concerning a relatively short establishing time are avoided, and where the need for establishing a proper building site is eliminated or considerably reduced, where cold bridges are not formed, and where the use of moisture-sensitive construction materials can take place immediately after the es- tablishing of the terrain cover.

With the invention it has been realised that the establishing of the transfer of loads from a building construction to supportive ground layers via a terrain cover of the kind disclosed consisting of one or more layers of insulating materials, com- bined with a pressure-absorbing and load-distributing support layer, that for the establishing of the terrain cover on a previously levelled bearing ground layer of suitable material, there is laid at least one, though preferably a number of prefabricated, plate-formed, multi-layer, terrain cover elements, at least the one side edge of which is wholly or partly in contact with the side edge of one or more adjoining terrain cover elements, each comprising at least one layer of insulating material, and at least one pressure-absorbing and pressure-distributing layer, where the insulating material on the said terrain cover elements is arranged facing towards and in contact with the levelled supporting ground layer, and where said terrain cover elements in combination constitute a finished terrain cover/foundation for the transfer and distribution of the forces from a building construction placed on said elements. There is hereby achieved a particularly fast establishing of the terrain cover/foundation on which a building can be constructed. Since the terrain cover elements are prefabricated, it will thus not be necessary to establish a proper building site with sheds, storage facilities for tools and building materials with pro- tection against theft, inasmuch as the finished terrain cover elements are transported to the building site and placed on the levelled bearing layer immediately after being unloaded from the transport vehicles. Moreover, cold bridges will not be formed in a terrain cover established in accordance with the disclosed method, the reason being that the insulation material over the whole of the terrain cover/foundation will be placed in between the under layer/bearing ground layer and the pressure-absorbing and distributing layer.

In the cases where the pressure-absorbing and load-distributing bearing layer consists of armoured concrete, the distribution in the establishing of the ter- rain cover/foundation according to the invention will, in addition to the advantages mentioned above, also constitute a more uniform quality of the terrain cover/foundation which can be documented, in that the elements are produced industrially, where all working routines are well described and can be documented, and where it will therefore be possible in a relatively simple manner to carry out a proper quality control of the terrain elements produced, in relation to the time consumed and the validity of the quality control which is possible to carry out in connection with the establishing of site-moulded foundations/terrain covers.

Since the content of water in factory concrete is considerably lower than in site-moulded concrete, there is also achieved a shorter working time, which means that a building comprising the use of moisture-sensitive materials on top of terrain covers established with the method in accordance with the invention, will be able to commence already 8 days afterwards, providing that the terrain cover elements) to be used have been stored for 8 days before laying out, whereas the use of site-moulded concrete can easily result in a postponement of a corresponding construction for up to 30 days after establishing before the moisture has been brought down to an acceptable level in relation to the use of moisture-sensitive materials, e.g. wood. A further advantage with the prefabricated terrain cover elements is that the construction can be optimised and material wastage can be avoided.

A terrain cover element for use in the execution of the method according to the invention is characterised in that it consists of at least one prefabricated, plate- formed multi-layer terrain cover element, comprising a first layer consisting of a relevant pressure-resistant insulation material oriented towards and in contact with the bearing ground layer, and a second layer consisting of a pressure-absorbing and load-distributing support layer placed on top and in connection with said first layer.

The advantage herewith is that the insulating material over the whole of the terrain cover element according to the invention is arranged between the pressure- absorbing and load-distributing layer and the bearing ground layer, so that there is no formation of cold bridges. Moreover, with the prefabricated/factory produced terrain cover elements it can be ensured that the elements are of a high and uniform quality. Moreover, a very short building time is achieved, inasmuch as assembly work comprising moisture-sensitive building materials can commence immediately after the terrain cover has been placed on the bearing ground layer, and as a consequence of the reduction in the establishing time for the terrain cover according to the invention, the establishing of a proper building site with sheds etc. is rendered superfluous, since in most cases the terrain cover according to the invention can be established during the course of one day.

It shall already be mentioned here that the second, pressure-absorbing and load distributing layer of the terrain cover elements can with advantage consist of reinforced concrete, but this does not necessarily have to be the case, and thus the invention shall not be seen to be limited to these materials, in that depending on which type of building a relevant terrain cover element is to be used for, use can be made of alternative materials which possess the strength characteristics for the relevant type of building.

With the object of ensuring that the terrain cover element according to the invention can be used in connection with individually adapted building and building constructions, the second pressure-absorbing and load-distributing layer on preferred sites can comprise reinforcements for absorption and distribution of point loads and/or reinforcements for absorption and distribution of loads along a line stemming from a relevant building construction's columns or walls placed on top of the pressure-absorbing and load-distributing layer.

It is thus disclosed that terrain cover elements according to the present invention are prefabricated for use in connection with a relevant building, the load of which on the terrain cover element/under layer is known beforehand, also including the positioning of supporting columns and walls.

In special cases, where the load on one or more relevant terrain cover ele- ments is particularly great, the reinforcements for absorption of point loads and/or linear loads can be led wholly or partly through the insulation material into contact against the bearing ground layer, or a specially implemented building element. It is hereby avoided that extraordinarily great loads are not applied to the insulating material, but are transferred directly or indirectly to the supporting layer via the specially implemented building element provided in the supporting layer on which the terrain cover elements are placed. In cases where the reinforcements for point loads are led down through the insulation material, this should be carried out so that the leading-down is implemented at a suitable distance from the side of the building foundation, hereby reducing the effect of the cold bridge formed herewith.

With the object of protecting the building foundation built up of terrain cover elements according to the invention against penetration by Radon, it will be necessary to establish a tight joint between adjoining sides of the terrain cover elements which are used in the foundation.

Without renouncing other forms of solutions, it can be mentioned that such a sealing can be established in a relatively simple manner by the substantially vertical facing sides of the first terrain cover element and the second terrain cover element comprising a bevelling extending from an area near the centre of the insula- tion material to the upper side of the pressure-absorbing and load distributing layer, said bevelling forming a V-shaped slot for introduction of sealing material in the joint between said sides.

The forming of the V-shaped slot enables a suitable sealing material to be in- traduced, which typically will be the insulation material. The material can quickly and easily be introduced from above, and this introduction of sealing material can be carried out by a person standing on the pressure-absorbing and load- distributing layer. Such a sealing can be left undone until the relevant building construction is closed, or has at least been provided with a roof.

With the object of achieving a suitable closure over the sealing material introduced into the V-shaped slot, the terrain cover element on the facing sides of the pressure-absorbing and load-distributing layer on two adjoining terrain cover ele- merits can comprise a recess for receiving the jointing material, which can consist of the same material as the pressure-absorbing and load-distributing layer, but use can be made of other alternative jointing materials, e.g. the recess can be filled with an elastically-yielding jointing material.

In other connections, the substantially vertical facing sides of the first and the second terrain cover elements can comprise at least one mechanical assembly element which is anchored by anchoring means on or in the pressure-absorbing and load-distributing layer, after which an adhesive, tight-fitting layer of tar paper or other Radon-tight material can be laid over the jointing area.

To counter the formation of cold bridges in a foundation/terrain cover built up of terrain cover elements according to the invention, the elements according to the invention can comprise a recess towards the outer sides/the edge side edges of a terrain cover established by the terrain cover system, said recess extending from a preferred starting point in the insulation material and at least to the upper side of the pressure-absorbing and load-distributing layer for the mounting of a project- adapted insulating edge element associated with the terrain cover system.

Said recess permits the mounting of the insulating edge element which will safeguard against a cold bridge between the pressure-absorbing and load- distributing layer and a building part mounted on the terrain cover.

The advantages of using reinforced concrete are that this is particularly suit- able for the absorption and transfer of the loads from a building construction to an under-layer. Moreover, the prefabricating of the terrain cover elements provides the advantage that the content of water in factory concrete is considerably lower than in site-moulded concrete, which means that the establishing of the building construction on top of a foundation/terrain cover consisting of terrain cover ele- ments according to the invention will be able to commence almost immediately, or at the latest 8 days after the laying-out. But it shall be emphasised that the invention is not limited to the use of reinforced concrete as pressure-absorbing and load-distributing layer. The choice of materials for the pressure-absorbing and load-distributing layer can depend on the building construction which is planned to be established on a relevant terrain cover according to the invention. With the object of ensuring an effective protection against penetration by Radon, the thickness of the reinforced concrete which constitutes the pressure- absorbing and load-distributing layer can be greater than 80 mm.

Without renouncing the right to the use of other suitable insulating materials in connection with the terrain cover element according to the invention, it can be mentioned that the pressure-resistant insulation material can with advantage consist of expanded polystyrene (EPS), polyurethane, and suitable pressure-resistant cellular plastic and/or expanded clay clinker. Of other possibilities it can be men- tioned that the pressure-resistant insulation material can in certain cases consist of combinations of various types of cellular plastic with the object of achieving special characteristics such as e.g. strength, tightness, capillary effect, fire resistance etc.

With the object of ensuring an expedient possibility for the introduction of leads and cables necessary for the building construction, the prefabricated, plate- formed multilayer terrain cover element according to the invention can comprise relevant recesses for the leading-in of cables and piping installations for the building construction for which the terrain cover element(s) have been laid out. Here, the advantage of the terrain cover element according to the invention is that the piping installation is led in through the pressure-proof insulation which is in direct connection with the bearing ground layer. I.e. that the piping installation is immediately frost-proofed, inasmuch as the earth's radiation of heat combined with the insulating material will safeguard against the freezing-up of the piping installation.

With the object of enabling an expedient handling of the terrain cover elements according to the invention, these can comprise means for the fastening of lifting equipment for handling, moving and positioning of the terrain cover element. Such means can e.g. consist of lifting brackets etc. which are pre- anchored/moulded into the pressure-absorbing and load-distributing layer.

All in all, with the invention there is provided a method for quick and effective establishing of a terrain cover which distinguishes itself fundamentally from all known methods of execution by being a 100% factory-produced element system, where insulation, and the pressure-absorbing and load distributing layer (e.g. rein- forcement and concrete) are formed, positioned, assembled and moulded in large elements intended for optimum transport by truck and crane assembly, which in itself comprises both foundation and terrain cover when the elements leave the factory. Furthermore, the terrain cover system distinguishes itself in that it does not require any previously in-situ moulded foundation works, which involves the establishing of a proper building site with workmen's huts and storage of tools and equipment, inasmuch as the establishing of a terrain cover for a building construction can be established during the course of one working day.

The production of the terrain cover element as elements in an industrial environment, instead of being done as construction site work, also results in ideal conditions for the optimising of constructions, reduction in material wastage, improvement of execution quality and reduction of time consumption, among other things by the elimination of weather situations and inexpedient and/or difficult coordination of work processes etc.

In the following, the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawing, where, Fig. 1 is a plan view of a terrain cover established with prefabricated terrain cover elements according to the invention, Fig. 2 is a side view of the terrain cover shown in fig. 1 , Fig. 3 is an end view of the terrain cover shown in fig. 1 , Fig. 4 is a sectional view of the terrain cover shown in fig. 1 , seen along line A-A,

Fig. 5 is a sectional view of the terrain cover shown in fig. 1 , seen along line B-B,

Fig. 6 is a sectional view of the terrain cover shown in fig. 1 , seen along line C-C Fig. 7 is a detail sectional view along the line D-D in fig. 6,

Fig. 8 is a detail sectional view along the line E-E in fig. 7, and Fig.9 is a detail sectional view along the line F-F in fig.7. Fig. 10 shows an example of a terrain cover of prefabricated terrain cover elements according to the invention during establishment.

In fig. 1 there is shown a plan view of an embodiment of a terrain cover 2 which is established by the positioning of a total of 5 prefabricated terrain cover elements 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 according to the present invention in a formation on top of a bearing surface 3, suitable for a planned building construction (not shown) which is placed on the top side of the terrain cover elements 4, 6, 8, 10, 12. As will appear from fig. 2 and fig. 3, which are respectively a side view and an end view of the terrain cover 2, the side edges 14 comprise a recess 16 for the placing of an edge element 18 of the respective terrain cover elements. Said recess 16 and the edge element 18 are shown more clearly in fig. 4.

As will also appear from fig. 4, a prefabricated terrain cover element consists of a pressure-resistant insulating material 20 which, for example, can consist of expanded polystyrene (EPS), polyurethane, or a suitable pressure-resistant cellular plastic, and on top and in connection with this a second layer 22 consisting of a pressure-absorbing and load-distributing support layer which, for example, can consist of reinforced concrete.

The edge element 18 can consist of an insulating material 24 for heat-loss insulation of the outer side edges 26 of the reinforced concrete, which constitutes the terrain cover element's pressure-absorbing and load distributing bearing layer 22. The outer side of the edge element can consist of a thin sheet material 28, the outwardly-facing side of which can consist of different materials of a preferred colour and structure. The primary object of the edge element 18 is to ensure a supplementary insulation against cold bridges to a building part mounted on the terrain cover.

In fig. 5 is seen a sectional view along the line B-B in fig. 1 , showing the mutual positioning and construction of the vertically-oriented facing side surfaces 30 of the terrain elements 6, 8, 10. In the shown embodiment 30 of said side surfaces, these comprise a bevelling 32 of the pressure-resistant insulation material 20, said bevelling extending from an area 34 near the centre of the pressure- resistant insulation material insulation material 20 to the side 36 facing towards the pressure-absorbing and load-distributing bearing layer 22, whereby a V-shaped slot 38 is formed between two facing side surfaces 30 of the terrain cover elements 6, 8, 10, which is intended for the filling of a Radon-proof sealing material 39. As will further appear from fig. 5, the pressure-absorbing and load-distributing bearing layer 22 is brought to an end at a distance from the V-shaped slot 38.

As will also appear from fig.5, the pressure-absorbing and load-distributing bearing layer 22 comprises recesses 40 nearest to the upper side 42, said recesses in combination with the end of the pressure-absorbing and load-distributing bearing layer 22 making it possible for a jointing material to be introduced in between the respective pressure-absorbing and load-distributing layers 22 on top of the Radon-proof sealing material 39 which is placed in the V-shaped slot 38. In fig. 6 is seen a sectional view through the terrain cover element 12 along the line C-C in fig. 1. As will appear from the figure, the pressure-absorbing and load-distributing layer 22 comprises reinforcements 44 along the outer side in the form of a thickening with a rectangular section, these being for the absorption and transfer of the forces indicated with the arrows X which stem from a bearing wall construction (not shown) placed in this area on top of the terrain cover element 12. As will also appear from fig.6, the terrain cover element 12 also comprises a reinforcement 46 which is placed between the reinforcements 44.

The reinforcement 46 is intended partly for absorption of a linear load like the reinforcements 44, but it also comprises two reinforcements 48 with a circular cross-section, as will appear more clearly from fig. 7, said reinforcements 48 being led through the pressure-resistant insulation material 20, so that the reinforcements 48 can transfer point loads directly to the underlying bearing ground layer 3, without any influence on the pressure-resistant insulation material 20. In this way, a T-like beam is established in the pressure-absorbing and load-distributing layer 22. In fig. 8, which is a plan view of the reinforcement 46 along the line E-E in fig. 6, are seen the additional reinforcements 48, and in fig. 9, which is a sectional view along the line F-F in fig. 6, the lower parts of the additional reinforcements are shown.

In a not-shown embodiment of the terrain cover element 12 according to the invention, where a need for the transfer of extraordinarily great point loads via the reinforcements 48 is involved, the reinforcements 48 can be supported on one or more building elements placed in the bearing layer 3.

In fig. 10 there is seen a terrain cover 2 according to the invention during establishment. As will appear from fig. 10, the placing of the terrain cover elements 6, 8 on a supporting layer 3 has already taken place, and a further terrain cover element 10 is being laid by means of a crane (not shown), hanging in lifting strops 50 fastened in eye-bolts 52 which are anchored in the terrain cover element 10.

As will also been seen, the terrain cover elements 8 and 10 comprise cutouts 54, 56 for the leading-through of pipes 58, 60 which are established in and standing upright from the supporting layer 3.

In fig. 10 it will also be seen that the area comprising the recesses 40 in pressure-absorbing and load-distributing layer 22 for the filing-out with a Radon- proof material 62, which in the shown embodiment consists of a jointing strip of roofing paper/bitumen paper. The jointing material can also consist of other materials, merely providing that these adhere to the sides of the recesses or the upwardly-facing side of the pressure-absorbing and load-distributing support layer on ) two adjoining terrain cover elements, so that the material thus effects a gas-tight sealing of the joint.

Claims

1. Method for establishing a transfer of loads (pressure forces, traction forces and shear forces) from a building construction to a supporting ground layer (3) via a terrain cover (2) consisting of one or more layers of insulating materials (20), combined with one or more pressure-absorbing and load-distributing support layers (22), c h a r a c t e r i s e d in that for the establishing of the terrain cover (2) on a previously levelled supporting ground layer (3) of suitable material, there is laid out a terrain cover system comprising at least one though preferably a mul- tiple of prefabricated, plate-formed, multi-layer terrain cover elements (4, 6, 8, 10, 12), at least the one side (30) of which is wholly or partly in contact with the side(s) (30) of one or more adjoining terrain cover elements, said terrain cover elements (4, 6, 8, 10, 12) each comprising at least one layer of pressure-resistant insulation material (20), and at least one pressure-absorbing and load-distributing layer (22), where the pressure-resistant insulation material (20) of said terrain cover element (4, 6, 8, 10, 12) is oriented towards and in contact with the levelled supporting ground layer (3), and where said terrain cover elements (4, 6, 8, 10, 12) in combination constitute a finished terrain cover/foundation (2) for distribution of the load from a building construction placed on said elements.

2. Terrain cover system for use in the execution of the method according to claim ^ c h a r a c t e r i s e d in that this consists of at least one prefabricated, plate-formed, multilayer terrain cover element (4, 6, 8, 10, 12) comprising a first layer (20) oriented towards the supporting ground layer and consisting of a rele- vant pressure-resistant insulation material, on top of which and oriented in connection/coherent with there is placed a second layer (22) consisting of a pressure- absorbing and load-distributing bearing layer.

3. Terrain cover system according to claim 2, c h a r a c t e r i s e d in that the second pressure-absorbing and load-distributing layer (22) at preferred positions comprises reinforcements (48) for absorption and distribution of point loads, and/or reinforcements (46) for absorption and distribution of linear loads stemming from the columns or walls of a relevant building construction placed on top of the pressure-absorbing and load-distributing layer.

4. Terrain cover system according to claim 3, c h a r a c t e r i s e d in that the reinforcements (48) for absorbing of said point loads, and/or the reinforcements (46) for absorbing linear loads, can be led wholly or partly through the insu- lation material (20) for contact against the supporting ground layer (3) or a specially implemented building element.

5. Terrain cover system according to any of the claims 2-4, characterised in that the substantially vertical and facing each other sides (30) of a first terrain cover element (6) and second terrain cover element (8) comprise a bevelling (32) extending from an area near the centre of the insulation material (20) to the upper side of the pressure-absorbing and load-distributing layer (22), said bevelling in combination forming a V-shaped slot (38) for receiving a sealing material (39) in the joint between said sides (30).

6. Terrain cover system according to claim 5, characterised in that the facing sides of the pressure-absorbing and load-distributing layer (22) on two adjoining terrain cover elements (8, 10) comprise a recess (40) for filling out with a jointing material.

7. Terrain cover system according to any of the claims 2-6, characterised in that the outer sides/side edges (14) oriented towards a terrain cover established by the terrain cover system comprise a recess (16) which extends from a preferred starting point in the insulation material (20), and at least to the upper side of the pressure-absorbing and load-distributing layer (22), for the mounting of project-adapted edge element (18) associated with the terrain cover system.

8. Terrain cover system according to any of the claims 2-7, characterised in that the pressure-absorbing and load distributing layer (22) of the terrain cover elements (4, 6, 8, 10, 12) consists of reinforced concrete.

9. Terrain cover system according to claim 8, characterised in that the thickness of the reinforced concrete which constitutes the pressure-absorbing and load-distributing layer is more than 80 mm.

10. Terrain cover system according to any of the claims 2-9, characterised in that the relevant pressure resistant insulation material (20) consists of expanded polystyrene (EPS), polyurethane, a suitable pressure resistant cellular plastic and/or expanded clay clinker.

11. Terrain cover system according to any of the claims 2-10, characterised in that the prefabricated, plate-formed, multi-layer terrain cover elements (4, 6, 8, 10, 12) comprise relevant channels (54, 56) for the lead- ing-in of wires, cables and piping installations (58, 60) for the building construction for which the terrain cover element(s) have been laid out.

12. Terrain cover system according to any of the claims 2-11 , characterised in that it comprises means for the fastening of lifting equipment for handling, moving and positioning of the individual terrain cover elements (4, 6, 8, 10, 12).