EP1945842A2 - Tissus extensibles résistants à la flamme et à la chaleur dotés de résistance chimique et durabilité améliorées - Google Patents

Tissus extensibles résistants à la flamme et à la chaleur dotés de résistance chimique et durabilité améliorées

Info

Publication number
EP1945842A2
EP1945842A2 EP06851725A EP06851725A EP1945842A2 EP 1945842 A2 EP1945842 A2 EP 1945842A2 EP 06851725 A EP06851725 A EP 06851725A EP 06851725 A EP06851725 A EP 06851725A EP 1945842 A2 EP1945842 A2 EP 1945842A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
article
fibers
flame
fiber
fabrics
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP06851725A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Pablo Verdu
Alberto Lora Lamia
William E. Snyder
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dow Global Technologies LLC
Original Assignee
Dow Global Technologies LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dow Global Technologies LLC filed Critical Dow Global Technologies LLC
Publication of EP1945842A2 publication Critical patent/EP1945842A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/44—Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
    • D02G3/443—Heat-resistant, fireproof or flame-retardant yarns or threads
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
    • A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
    • A41D31/08—Heat resistant; Fire retardant
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
    • D02G3/32—Elastic yarns or threads ; Production of plied or cored yarns, one of which is elastic
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
    • D02G3/36—Cored or coated yarns or threads
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2321/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D10B2321/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polyolefins
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
    • D10B2331/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyamides
    • D10B2331/021—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyamides aromatic polyamides, e.g. aramides
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3008—Woven fabric has an elastic quality
    • Y10T442/3024—Including elastic strand or strip
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/40—Knit fabric [i.e., knit strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/413—Including an elastic strand

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to flame and heat resistant stretch fabrics with improved durability.
  • the stretch fabrics comprise crosslinked polyolefin elastic fibers which may be combined into a core yarn with inherently flame resistant fibers.
  • the elastic fibers or yarns can be conveniently formed into fabrics using well-known techniques such as, for example, weaving or by using co-knitting techniques with other flame resistant fibers or yarns. Such fabrics are useful in various durable or repeated-use fabric applications such as, but not limited to, clothing (in particular protective garments), and upholstery.
  • the present invention relates to such fabric.
  • the fabric is elastic, flame and/or heat-resistant and durable, making it particularly well-suited for these applications.
  • a material is typically characterized as elastic if it has a high percent elastic recovery (that is, a low percent permanent set) after application of a biasing force.
  • elastic materials are characterized by a combination of three important properties, that is, (i) a low percent permanent set, (ii) a low stress or load at strain, and (iii) a low percent stress or load relaxation.
  • there should be (i) a low stress or load requirement to stretch the material, (ii) no or low relaxing of the stress or unloading once the material is stretched, and (iii) complete or high recovery to original dimensions after the stretching, biasing or straining is discontinued.
  • the fibers making up the fabric should be, inter alia, stable during dyeing and heat setting processes as well as industrial laundering conditions.
  • an elastic polyolefin fiber to be stable under dyeing and heat-setting conditions, it must be crosslinked.
  • These fibers can be crosslinked by one or more of a number of different methods, for example, e-beam or UV irradiation, silane or azide treatment, peroxide, etc., some methods better than others for fibers of a particular composition.
  • polyolef ⁇ n fibers that are irradiated under an inert atmosphere tend to be highly stable during dyeing processes (that is, the fibers do not melt or fuse together).
  • the addition of a mixture of hindered phenol and hindered amine stabilizers further stabilized such fibers at higher temperatures, such as those encountered during some heat setting procedures (for example, 200-210 0 C for polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fiber).
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • Spandex also known as elastane
  • Spandex is not stable at the typical high heat-setting temperatures used with some companion fibers, and moreover, spandex fabrics tend to lose their integrity, shape and elastic properties when subjected to elevated service temperatures such as those encountered in washing, drying and ironing.
  • the fabrics of the present invention are durable, meaning the fabrics can survive c) 50 cycles of industrial laundering at temperatures of at least 65 0 C, wherein "surviving" means that the fabric after treatment exhibits growth of less than about 20 percent, preferably less than about 10 percent, and more preferably less than about 8 percent.
  • Fiber means a material in which the length to diameter ratio is greater than about 10. Fiber is typically classified according to its diameter. Filament fiber is generally defined as having an individual fiber diameter greater than about 15 denier, usually greater than about 30 denier. Fine denier fiber generally refers to a fiber having a diameter less than about 15 denier. Microdenier fiber is generally defined as fiber having a diameter less than about 100 microns denier. “Filament fiber” or “monofilament fiber” means a single, continuous strand of material of indefinite (that is, not predetermined) length, as opposed to a “staple fiber” which is a discontinuous strand of material of definite length (that is, a strand which has been cut or otherwise divided into segments of a predetermined length).
  • flame resistant when used in reference to the fabric or article means that the fabric or article exhibits 1) response to flame propagation, upon direct exposure to flame, graded as A grade as per DIN EN 531:02.95 standard norm (DIN ISOl 5025:02.03 standard testing method); 2) heat transmission on exposure to flame performances graded as Bl grade or higher (B2,B3, B4 or B5) as per DIN EN 531:02.95 standard norm (DIN EN 367:11.92 standard testing method); 3) heat transmission on exposure to radiant heat graded as Cl or higher (C2, C3, or C4), as per DIN EN 531:02.95 standard norm (DIN EN 366:05.93 standard testing method).
  • durable when used in reference to the fabric or article means that the fabric or article exhibits growth of less than 20 percent, preferably less than about 10 percent and more preferably less than about 8 percent, 6 percent or even 5 percent in both the warp and weft direction after 50 cycles of industrial laundering at temperatures of at least 65°C, alternatively at least 75°C. 85°C or even 95°C.
  • growth means residual elongation, or the amount the fabric lengthens after applying a load over a given length of time and allowing recovery, expressed as a percentage of the initial fabric dimension. Growth can be determined using ASTM D3107.
  • an "elastic fiber” is one that will recover at least about 50 percent, more preferably at least about 60 percent even more preferably 70 percent of its stretched length after the first pull and after the fourth to 100 percent strain (double the length).
  • One suitable way to do this test is based on the one found in the International Bureau for Standardization of Manmade Fibers, BISFA 1998, chapter 7, option A. Under such a test, the fiber is placed between grips set 4 inches apart, the grips are then pulled apart at a rate of about 20 inches per minute to a distance of eight inches and then allowed to immediately recover. It is preferred that the elastic textile articles of the present invention have a high percent elastic recovery (that is, a low percent permanent set) after application of a biasing force.
  • elastic materials are characterized by a combination of three important properties, that is, (i) a low stress or load at strain; (ii) a low percent stress or load relaxation, and (iii) a low percent permanent set.
  • a low stress or load requirement to stretch the material, (ii) zero or low relaxing of the stress or unloading once the material is stretched, and (iii) complete or high recovery to original dimensions after the stretching, biasing or straining is discontinued.
  • Elastic materials are also referred to in the art as “elastomers” and “elastomeric”.
  • an “elastic article” is one that comprises elastic fiber.
  • Nelastic material means a material, for example, a fiber, that is not elastic as defined above.
  • Core spun yarn means a yarn which has been made by twisting fibers around a core which is another filament or a previously spun yarn, thus at least partially concealing the core.
  • One aspect of this invention is an elastic, durable, flame and/or heat resistant article such as fabric or an assembled garment that comprises a heat-resistant, crosslinked elastic fiber.
  • the fabric may be made flame and/or heat resistant by the incorporation on inherently flame resistant materials and/or the article may be subjected to a chemical treatment to impart the heat and/or flame resistance.
  • the article is a durable stretch fabric made and processed from one or more crosslinked, heat-resistant olefin elastic fibers.
  • the fabrics can be made by any process, for example, weaving, knitting, etc., and may use a combination of elastic and inelastic ("hard”) fibers. These fabrics exhibit excellent chemical, for example, chlorine, resistance and durability, for example, they retain their shape and feel ("hand") over repeated exposure to service conditions, for example, washing, drying, etc.
  • the fabric or assembled garment will exhibit a change in elasticity no greater than about 10 percent and/or will retain no more than about 50 percent of its growth more preferably no more than about 20 percent of its growth, more preferably no more than about 10 percent of its growth and most preferably no more than about 8 percent of its growth after a treatment of 50 cycles of industrial laundering at temperatures of at least 65°C.
  • the elastic fibers are preferably crosslinked, heat-resistant olefin elastic fibers. Such fibers include ethylene polymers, propylene polymers and fully hydrogenated styrene block copolymers (also known as catalytically modified polymers).
  • the ethylene polymers include the homogeneously branched and the substantially linear homogeneously branched ethylene polymers as well as ethylene-styrene interpolymers. Crosslinked homogeneously branched and the substantially linear homogeneously branched ethylene polymers are most preferred.
  • the elastic fibers of the present invention may be of any suitable fiber diameter, for example, 15, 40, 70, 140 or even higher denier.
  • Suitable elastic fibers for use in the present invention are disclosed in US 6,437,014, hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
  • the fibers can be formed by many processes known in the art, for example the fibers can be meltblown, spunbond, or more preferably made by the melt spinning process.
  • the fibers can be made from many different materials, including ethylene-alpha olefin interpolymers, substantially hydrogenated block polymers, styrene butadiene styrene block polymers, styrene-ethylene/butene-styrene block polymers, ethylene styrene interpolymers, polypropylenes, polyamides, polyurethanes and combinations thereof.
  • ethylene-alpha olefin interpolymers substantially hydrogenated block polymers
  • styrene butadiene styrene block polymers styrene-ethylene/butene-styrene block polymers
  • ethylene styrene interpolymers polypropylenes, polyamides, polyurethanes and combinations thereof.
  • the crosslinked homogeneously branched ethylene polymers described in that reference, particularly the substantially linear ethylene polymers are particularly well suited for use in making articles of this invention.
  • These elastic fibers may be used neat or may advantageously be used as the core in a core spun yarn.
  • Core spun yarns may be easier to process in some commercial weaving or knitting machines.
  • inherently flame-resistant materials for use as the wrapping fibers in a core spun yarn, the overall flame and/or heat resistance of the core spun yarn (and the articles which include such yarns) can be increased.
  • Suitable fibrous materials for wrapping an elastic core include polyamides (including aramids), polynosic rayon, cellulosics (particularly flame resistant cellulosics), polyester (particularly flame resistant polyester), polyvinyl alcohol, polytetrofluoroethylene, wool (particularly flame resistant wool), polyvinyl chloride, polyetheretherketone, polyetherinide, polyolefins, polyimideamide, polybenoxazole, carbon, modacrylic acrylic, melamine, glass, polybenzimidazole (PBI) fibers, poly(phenylene sulphide) PPS fibers, polyacrylate, semicarbon, phenolic or novoloid fibers, modacrylic, chlorofibres, FR viscose, nylon and acrylic and combinations thereof.
  • polyamides including aramids
  • polynosic rayon including cellulosics (particularly flame resistant cellulosics), polyester (particularly flame resistant polyester), polyvinyl alcohol, polytetrofluoroethylene, wool (particularly flame resistant wool), polyviny
  • Aramid fibers are particularly preferred for their flame resistance. These fibers, whether neat or more preferably as the core in a core spun yarn, will preferably be used together in a weaving or knitting process with other fibers or yarns to make the fabric of the present invention. To increase the flame-resistant properties of the article, it may be advantageous to combine the elastic fiber or core spun yarn with inherently flame- resistant fibers. Suitable fibrous materials for combining with the elastic fiber or yarns include those listed above for use as the covering fiber in a core spun yarn. Aramid fibers may be particularly preferred for their inherent flame resistance. Usually the crosslinked, heat-resistant olefin elastic fibers comprise a minority of the fabric on a weight basis, but the exact percentage of each of the fibers may be optimized for any particular use.
  • the fabrics will contain at least about 2 percent by weight of the elastic fiber and woven fabrics will tend to have less than about 15 percent by weight of the elastic fiber whereas knitted fabrics may have up to about 35 percent by weight of the elastic fibers, but amounts outside these ranges are possible.
  • a static dissipating fiber such as metallic or carbon fibers into the fabric. Garments including such static dissipating fibers will provide additional protection for workers.
  • the fabric of the present invention can be made according to known fabrication methods such as weaving or knitting. It will be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art that in general, for any given fabric composition, the denser the fabric construction, the more flame resistant the fabric will be. At the same time, however, the denser the fabric the heavier the fabric will be, which may make a garment made from the fabric less comfortable.
  • the fabric of the present invention can be used to make garments.
  • garments which can be advantageously made from the fabric of the present invention include uniforms, particularly uniforms which are subject to industrial laundering.
  • the fabrics of this invention include fabrics known to require harsh and stringent processes that utilize chemicals and conditions that would degrade most conventional stretch fabrics because these chemicals and conditions would degrade the stretch fiber component of these fabrics.
  • the fabrics of this invention comprise a stretch fiber that is particularly resistant to such degradation and as such, the fabric containing these fibers exhibits surprising durability and chemical resistance.
  • an elastic fabric can be chemically treated to impart flame-resistance.
  • the fibers or articles are treated with specific chemicals to impart flame resistance to them.
  • Such chemicals are known in the art, and include Tetrakis-(hydroxymethyl) phosphonium salts (henceforth designated THP salts), such as THPS, are very effective for imparting flame resistance to cellulosic materials.
  • THP salts Tetrakis-(hydroxymethyl) phosphonium salts
  • THPS Tetrakis-(hydroxymethyl) phosphonium salts
  • the application of such chemicals can be accomplished by using either a THP/urea precondensate salt, which is insolubilized with gaseous ammonia, or by using a THP/pad/dry/cure process, or both. Exemplary techniques are described in U.S. Pat. Nos.
  • the chemical treatments used to impart flame-resistance expose the fiber to a harsh environment, which would degrade most elastic fibers.
  • the preferred melt spun fibers comprising crosslinked homogeneously branched ethylene polymers, resist degradation even under the harsh conditions typically seen in these processes. It is contemplated that the treatment may be applied to the fiber, the fabric or even the finished article as desired.
  • Core spun yarn is made via the Siro Spinning process.
  • the corespun yarn comprises 91 percent by weight of Poly(amide-imide)fibers; 1 percent by weight carbon fibers and 8 percent by weight fiber made from 140 Denier crosslinked ethyl ene-octene copolymer fiber available from The Dow Chemical Company as Dow XLA fiber.
  • Poly(amide-imide)fibers and carbon fiber short (cotton like) staple length in intimate blend is spun using a conventional ring spinning frame, and can be combined during the twisting process with ethylene-octene copolymer 140 den, pre-drafted at 5.2:1 ratio (draft).
  • the process spinning process leads to form core yarns, of average count equal to Nm 1/26, where ethylene-octene copolymer 140den 5.2X drafted makes up the core, and of Poly(amide-imide)fibers and carbon fibers the outer covering sheath. Cohesion within the covering fiber is imparted by applying twist level equal to: 570 twist per meter.
  • a fabric is then woven using this core spun yarn as the weft component.
  • Yarns of similar Nm 1/26 count, based on 99 percent by weight Poly(amide-imide)f ⁇ bers and 1 percent by weight carbon fiber short (cotton like) staple length are used as warp component.
  • Loom settings are: total number of warp threads 4867, reed width 201cm. 2550 weft picks per m.
  • TTM077 DuPont method Percentage of fabric growth in stretch woven. The growth and elongation on the fabric in this example are elongation 10 percent, growth after 1 min - 4.0 percent; growth after 1 hour - 3.2 percent.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)
  • Professional, Industrial, Or Sporting Protective Garments (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne des tissus extensibles résistants à la flamme et à la chaleur dotés d'une durabilité améliorée. Les tissus extensibles comprennent des fibres élastiques de polyoléfine réticulées qui peuvent être combinées pour former un fil central avec des fibres intrinsèquement résistantes à la flamme. Les fibres ou fils élastiques peuvent être formés en fibres de façon pratique à l'aide de techniques bien connues, par exemple, par tissage chaîne ou trame ou des techniques de tricotage conjoint avec d'autres fibres ou fils résistants à la flamme. De tels tissus sont pratiques pour plusieurs applications durables ou à usage répété, par exemple, mais sans s'y limiter, pour les vêtements (en particulier des vêtements de protection) et l'ameublement.
EP06851725A 2005-10-21 2006-10-17 Tissus extensibles résistants à la flamme et à la chaleur dotés de résistance chimique et durabilité améliorées Withdrawn EP1945842A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US72886305P 2005-10-21 2005-10-21
PCT/US2006/040520 WO2008048256A2 (fr) 2005-10-21 2006-10-17 Tissus extensibles résistants à la flamme et à la chaleur dotés de résistance chimique et durabilité améliorées

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1945842A2 true EP1945842A2 (fr) 2008-07-23

Family

ID=39271422

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06851725A Withdrawn EP1945842A2 (fr) 2005-10-21 2006-10-17 Tissus extensibles résistants à la flamme et à la chaleur dotés de résistance chimique et durabilité améliorées

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US20100009586A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1945842A2 (fr)
JP (1) JP2009523194A (fr)
CN (1) CN101313094A (fr)
AU (1) AU2006348398A1 (fr)
BR (1) BRPI0619302A2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2627919A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008048256A2 (fr)

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CN104532450A (zh) * 2015-01-19 2015-04-22 深圳市德安泰防护科技有限公司 阻燃凉感快干布料及制作工艺
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2009523194A (ja) 2009-06-18
WO2008048256A2 (fr) 2008-04-24
CN101313094A (zh) 2008-11-26
CA2627919A1 (fr) 2008-04-24
AU2006348398A8 (en) 2008-12-04
AU2006348398A1 (en) 2008-04-24
BRPI0619302A2 (pt) 2011-09-27
WO2008048256A3 (fr) 2008-06-19
US20100009586A1 (en) 2010-01-14

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