EP1945497A1 - Construction de chassis pour un objet muni d'au moins une roue et procede de fabrication d'une telle construction de chassis - Google Patents

Construction de chassis pour un objet muni d'au moins une roue et procede de fabrication d'une telle construction de chassis

Info

Publication number
EP1945497A1
EP1945497A1 EP06813072A EP06813072A EP1945497A1 EP 1945497 A1 EP1945497 A1 EP 1945497A1 EP 06813072 A EP06813072 A EP 06813072A EP 06813072 A EP06813072 A EP 06813072A EP 1945497 A1 EP1945497 A1 EP 1945497A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
frame
frame elements
frame construction
elements
tubular
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP06813072A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1945497A4 (fr
Inventor
Jan Ericson
Lennart Strandberg
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hydroforming Design Light AB
Original Assignee
Hydroforming Design Light AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hydroforming Design Light AB filed Critical Hydroforming Design Light AB
Publication of EP1945497A1 publication Critical patent/EP1945497A1/fr
Publication of EP1945497A4 publication Critical patent/EP1945497A4/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
    • B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
    • B21D26/033—Deforming tubular bodies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62K—CYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDE-CARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
    • B62K3/00—Bicycles
    • B62K3/02—Frames
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62K—CYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDE-CARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
    • B62K19/00—Cycle frames
    • B62K19/02—Cycle frames characterised by material or cross-section of frame members
    • B62K19/04—Cycle frames characterised by material or cross-section of frame members the material being wholly or mainly metallic, e.g. of high elasticity
    • B62K19/06—Cycle frames characterised by material or cross-section of frame members the material being wholly or mainly metallic, e.g. of high elasticity tubular
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62K—CYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDE-CARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
    • B62K19/00—Cycle frames
    • B62K19/18—Joints between frame members
    • B62K19/22—Adhesive joints

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a frame construction for an ob- ject provided with at least one wheel, wherein the frame construction comprises at least two frame elements, which are connected to each other by means of a connection.
  • the invention also relates a method for manufacturing of such a frame construction.
  • Such frames may be manufactured of aluminium, titanium and steel.
  • frame constructions which are manufactured of fibre composite materials such as carbon fibre materials.
  • mixtures of carbon fibre material and metal materials are used.
  • Cycle frames of aluminium are generally manufactured of aluminium alloys. Such frames can be made both stiff and light, and they can be manufactured at a relatively low cost. However, many cycle frames of aluminium can be experienced as too unresilient. The cycle frames of aluminium, which have the lowest weight, also have a tendency to be able to crack. Cycle frames manufactured of carbon fibre material have many good properties. They are very light and have good vibration absorbing properties. Drawbacks with cycle frames of carbon fibre material are that they are expensive and that they can be experienced as somewhat too soft and flexible. Cycle frames of titanium have a high quality and a high strength. However, cycle frames of titanium are somewhat heavier than corresponding frames of aluminium. Cycle frames of titanium are very expensive. Cycle frames of steel provide the best quality and strength. However, cycle frames of steel have the drawback that they are relatively heavy and they are more expensive to manufacture than corresponding frames of aluminium.
  • the lightest cycle frames are manufactured of carbon fibre material and have a weight of about 970 grams for normal sized cycles.
  • the lightest cycle frames of aluminium have a weight of about 1350 gram. However, the main part of the cycle frames of aluminium has a weight of between 1400 and 1550 gram.
  • Cycle frames of titanium weigh about 50-100 grams more than corresponding frames of aluminium.
  • the lightest cycle frames of steel weigh about 1600 gram. They can have a weight of up to 200Og.
  • the object with the present invention is to provide a frame con- struction for a cycle or a similar vehicle which is very light and has very good strength properties at the same time as it can be manufactured to a low cost.
  • a conven- tional tool for hydroforming consists of two tool halves, which are movably arranged in relation to each other between an open position and a closed position. At least one of the tool halves is provided with a recess in which it is possible to apply a blank to be worked to a final shape.
  • the recess In the closed position of the tool halves, the recess is closed and a supplied blank is formed after the surfaces of the recess by means of the supply of a liquid with a very high pressure.
  • the blank is plastically deformed by the high liquid pressure to a final shape.
  • Hydroforming is a manufacturing method, which can be used for manufacturing of components with a complex geometrical shape. Thereby, frame elements may be manufactured with an optimum shape and thickness to withstand the loads to which it is subjected in the frame construction.
  • Austenitic stainless steels are a group of steel which provide very good strength properties in a strain hardened condition. Strain hardening implies that the starting material is loaded above its yield point during a cold working process, which in this case is a hydroforming process. Thereby a plastic deformation of the material is provided in which dislocations in the material provide mutual motions. When the dislocations are moving, they gradually prevent each other from performing further motions. In this manner, an austenitic stainless steel provides a gradually increasing degree of strain hardening which is related to the degree of plastic deformation. Such a frame element of strain hardened austenitic stainless steel has very good strength properties. Thereby, the wall thickness of the frame element may be made very thin.
  • a frame construction comprising one or several such frame elements can thereby be given a significantly reduced weight in relation to a conventional frame construction with corresponding strength properties.
  • a frame construction with the same weight may be provided but with significantly better strength properties.
  • an austenitic stainless steel has very good corrosion resistant properties and it can be manufactured with a surface with an attractive appear- ance. Thereby, a frame element of this material does not need to be coated with any corrosion resistant layer nor with an aesthetically attractive surface layer.
  • the strain hardened frame element is tubular.
  • Tubular frame elements are suitable to use in frame constructions where a good strength has to be combined with a low weight.
  • the tubular frame element may be provided with a substantially desired shape.
  • the tubular frame element may have a constant cross section or a varying cross section along its length.
  • the tubular frame element may, for example, have a circular, an oval or a hexagonal cross section profile.
  • the frame elements are connected by means of a glue.
  • a glue In order to be able to maintain the good strength properties of a strain hardened material, it has not to be heated to a temperature in the vicinity of the annealing temperature of the material. In such cases, the hardening degree of the material is reduced with decreased strength properties as a result.
  • two frame elements are connected to each other by means of welding or brazing, there is an obvious risk that connection areas of the frame elements are heated to a relatively high temperature.
  • one of the frame elements consists of a strain hardened austenitic stainless steel, there is a clear risk that the strain hardening properties of the frame elements in the connection area is reduced.
  • the strain hardening properties of the frame elements do not risk to be decreased. Furthermore, a connec- tion of two adjacent frame elements by means of gluing may be performed quickly and rationally.
  • the strain hardened frame element comprises a surface, which has a complementary shape to a surface of an adjacent frame element, and said glue is applied between said comple- mentary surfaces such that a connection between the frame elements is created.
  • said surfaces are formed such that they provide a fixed connection of the frame elements in relation to each other except in one direction, and that said glue prevents the frame elements from being released in this direction.
  • the glue has substantially only the task of preventing mutual motions between the frame elements in this releasing direction.
  • the frame construction has a design such that the frame elements are moderately loaded in this direction. In the remaining directions, relative motions between the frame elements are prevented by means of the complementary surfaces.
  • a frame element may comprise an outer surface adapted to be pushed into an inner surface of the other frame element. Thereby, a simple and quick connection of the frame elements is provided in the frame construction.
  • the tubular frame element is filled with a filling material.
  • a suitable filling material for a suitable filling material, frame noise and vibrations can be counteracted in the frame construction.
  • the filling material may comprise a foam material. Foam materials are very light such that they substantially do not add any weight to the tubular frame element.
  • the foam material may be of poly- urethane. Foam material of polyurethane exists both in rigid form and in soft form.
  • the filling material may comprise a reinforcing material. Such reinforcing materials may consist of suitable fibres which increase the strength of the filling material and the frame element.
  • Fig. 1 shows a frame construction for a cycle according to the present invention
  • Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of a first connection area of the frame construction
  • Fig. 3 shows an embodiment of a second connection area of the frame construction
  • Fig. 4 shows a bearing housing of the frame construction
  • Fig. 5 shows a cross section through a tubular frame ele- ment of the frame construction
  • Fig. 6 shows a flow diagram of a method for manufacturing of a frame construction according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 1 shows a frame construction for a cycle.
  • the frame construction consists of a centrally arranged saddle tube 1 , which, at a lower end, is connected to a bearing housing 2 for bearing of a crank portion.
  • a front portion of the frame construction comprises a top tube 3 extending between an upper portion of the saddle tube 1 and a steering tube 4.
  • the front portion of the frame construction also comprises a diagonal tube 5 extending between the bearing housing 2 and the steering tube 4.
  • the frame construction comprises a rear portion in the form of a rear fork.
  • the rear fork comprises two diagonal rear fork legs 6 extending between an upper portion of the saddle tube 1 and an attachment 8 inter alia for attachment of, for example, a rear wheel of the cycle.
  • the rear fork also comprises two horizontal rear fork legs 7 extending between the bearing housing 2 and the attachment 8.
  • the top tube 3 is provided with glued fastening members 9 for mounting of cables for gears and brakes.
  • the saddle tube 1 as well as the diagonal tube 5 are provided with glued fastening members 10 for mounting of a bottle holder.
  • the saddle tube 1 , the bearing housing 2, the top tube 3, the steering tube 4, the diagonal tube 5, the diagonal rear fork legs 6 and the horizontal rear fork legs 7 form tubular frame elements of the frame construction of the cycle.
  • At least the majority of the tubular frame elements 1 -7 are suitable to manufacture by means of a hydroforming process of an austenitic stainless steel.
  • the hydroformed tubular elements 1 -7 are plastically deformed to their final shape during a hydroforming process.
  • the attachment 8 may also be manufactured in a hydroforming proc- ess.
  • a material of austenitic stainless steel is deformed plastically at room temperature during a hydroforming process, it provides a strain hardening.
  • the strain hardening results in a significantly increased strength.
  • the tubular frame elements 1 -7 can be formed with ex- tremely thin walls.
  • the frame construction as a whole can thereby be made exceptionally light in spite of the fact that it has a high strength.
  • Fig. 2 shows the steering tube 4 as a separate frame element.
  • the steering tube 4 is provided with a first protruding portion 4a, which has been dimensioned to be connected to an end of the top tube 3, and second protruding portion 4b, which has been dimensioned to be connected to an end of the diagonal tube 5.
  • the first protruding portion 4a has an outer surface 4a 1 corre- sponding to the outer surface of the top tube 3, and an outer surface 4a" having a substantially complementary size and shape to an inner surface of the top tube 3'.
  • the second protruding portion 4b has an outer surface 4b 1 corresponding to the outer surface of the diagonal tube 5, and an outer surface 4b" having en substantially complementary size and shape to an inner surface of the diagonal tube 5'.
  • the outer surfaces 4a", 4b" of the steering tube are so shaped that they provide a connection with the inner surface 3' of the top tube and the inner surface 5' of the diagonal tube respectively except in one direction of motion.
  • the steering tube 4, and the top tube 3 and the diagonal tube 5 respectively, are thereby fixedly connected in all direction of motions except in this direction.
  • the glue prevents a re- leasing of the frame elements 3, 4, 5 from each other in this direction.
  • Fig. 3 shows a saddle tube 1 having a hexagonal shape.
  • a separate tubular connecting piece 1 1 is here used for connecting the saddle tube 1 to the top tube 3.
  • the connecting piece 1 1 has, at a first end 1 1 a, an inner surface 1 1 a 1 with a complementary shape to an outer surface V of the saddle tube.
  • the connecting piece 1 1 comprises, at a second end 1 1 b, an outer surface 1 1 b 1 corresponding to the outer surface of the top tube 3 and an outer surface 1 1 b" having a substantially complementary size and shape to inner surface of the top tube 3.
  • Fig. 4 shows the bearing housing 2 for the crank portion as a separate frame element.
  • the bearing housing 2 is provided with a first protruding portion 2a dimensioned to be connected to an end of the saddle tube 1 , a second protruding portion 2b dimen- sioned to be connected to an end of the frame tube 5 and third protruding portions 2c dimensioned to be connected to ends of the rear horizontal rear fork legs 7.
  • the first protruding portion 2a of the bearing housing 2 has an outer surface 2a 1 corresponding to the outer surface of the saddle tube 1 and an outer surface 2a" having a substantially complementary size and shape to an inner surface of the saddle tube 1 .
  • the second protruding portion 2b has an outer surface 2b 1 corresponding to the outer surface of the diagonal tubes 5 and an outer surface 2b" having a substantially com- plementary size and shape to an inner surface of the diagonal tube 5.
  • the respective third protruding portions 2c have an outer surface 2c' corresponding to the outer surface of the horizontal rear fork legs 7 and an outer surface 2c" having a substantially complementary size and shape to an inner surface of the horizontal rear fork legs 7.
  • a threaded crank axle sleeve 2d is attached by means of a glue inside the through-going opening of the bearing housing 2.
  • the bearing housing 2 When the bearing housing 2 is to be mounted together with the saddle tube 1 , the diagonal tube 5 and the horizontal rear fork legs 7, the outer surfaces 2a", 2b", 2c" of the bearing housing are provided with a suitable glue. Thereafter, the saddle tube 1 is pushed on the outer surface 2a" of the bearing housing 2, the diagonal tube 5 on the outer surface 2b" of the bearing housing 2 and the horizontal rear fork legs 7 on the outer surfaces 2c" of the bearing housing 2.
  • the glue dries, a strength connection between the bearing housing 2 and the saddle tube 1 , the diagonal tube 5 and the horizontal rear fork legs 7 is formed.
  • Fig. 5 shows a cross section view through the top tube 3. It ap- pears here that the inner space of the top tube 3 is filled with a filling material.
  • the filling material is a rigid foam material of polyurethane 12.
  • the foam material 12 has been reinforced by means of fibres 13.
  • a suitable number of the tubular frame elements 1 , 3, 5, 6, 7 of the frame construction can be filled with such a filling material.
  • the filling material 12, 13 damps frame noise in the frame construction at the same time as vibrations are counteracted.
  • the filling material 12, 13 also provides a rigidity to the frame elements 1 , 3, 5, 6, 7.
  • a foam material of polyurethane 12 with reinforced fibres 13 has a very low weight. Therefore, the filling material 12, 13 adds only a substantially negligible weight to the frame construction.
  • Fig. 6 shows a method for manufacturing of a frame construction for a cycle according to the above.
  • blankets of an austen- itic stainless steel are hydroformed to one or several of the re- spective including frame elements 1 -8 in the frame construction.
  • the blankets of austenistic stainless steel are deformed plastically during the hydroforming process.
  • the finally formed frame elements provide a strain hardening with an increased strength as a result.
  • the final dimensions of the individual frame elements, strength and weight can be controlled. It is possible to form details having complex geometries by means of the hydroforming process.
  • the individual frame elements can therefore be given an individual shape, which pro- vides a desired strength and resilient properties to different areas of the individual frame elements.
  • the individual frame elements may also be formed with the object to obtain a shape with an aesthetically attractive appearance.
  • the strength properties of the strain hardened frame elements make it possible to form them with a very thin wall thickness such that they will be very light.
  • the manufacturing of the individual frame elements by means of hydroforming can be performed very quickly and rationally.
  • the fastening members 9 are fixed by glue on the top tube 3.
  • the fastening members 10 are fixed by glue on the saddle tube 1 and the diagonal tube 5.
  • the threaded crank axle sleeve 2d is fixed by glue inside the bearing housing 2.
  • glue is considerably more easy and demands less work than to fasten these parts by means of, for example, brazing or welding.
  • no supply of heat take place when they are fixed by a glue. Thereby, the risk is eliminated that the connection area of the tubular frame elements 1 , 2, 3, 5 is heated to a temperature at which a reduced strain hardening is obtained.
  • a filling material is applied in the form of a foam material of polyurethane 12 with fibres 13 inside one or several of the tubular frame elements.
  • a filling material With such a filling material, resonances and vibrations are prevented to arise in the rigid and light tubu- lar frame elements 1 , 3, 5, 6, 7.
  • the filling material 12, 13 provides an increased strength to the tubular frame elements 1 , 3, 5, 6, 7.
  • the frame elements 1 -8 are mounted together to a com- plete frame construction.
  • Certain of the frame elements 2, 4, 8 are provided with one or several protruding connecting pieces 2a, b, c, 4a, b having surfaces with a complementary shape to inner surfaces of the tubular frame elements 3, 5, 6, 7.
  • the tubular frame elements 3, 5, 6, 7 are pushed on and are glued to- gether with connecting pieces 2a, b, c, 4a, b.
  • the frame elements 2, 4, 8 are provided with one or several protruding connecting pieces 2a, b, c, 4a, b having inner surfaces with a complementary shape to outer surfaces of the tubular frame elements 3, 5, 6, 7.
  • the tubular frame elements 3, 5, 6, 7 are here pushed in and are glued together with the connecting pieces 2a, b, c, 4a, b.
  • the present invention is not in any way restricted to the above described embodiments in the drawings but may be modified freely within the scope of the claims.
  • the possibility to connect frame elements of different ma- terials to each other is not restricted. It is therefore possible to manufacture one or several of the frame elements by means of other types of processes than a hydroforming process and of other materials than austenitic stainless steel.
  • the frame elements 2, 4, which comprise protruding connecting pieces 2a, b, c, 4a, b can be manufactured in another manner and in other materials.
  • the attachment 8 may also be manufactured by means of another manufacturing method and in another material.
  • the elongated tubular frame elements 1 , 3, 5, 6, 7 are very well suited to be manufactured by means of hydro- forming of an austenitic stainless steel which has very good strain hardening properties.
  • frame elements of a cycle which not are shown here, such as saddle post and handlebar, can of course also be manufactured by means of hydroforming of an austenitic stainless steel.
  • the frame construction is intended to be used in objects having at least one wheel.
  • such objects are two-wheeled cycles, three-wheeled cycles, mopeds, motor cycles, wheelchairs, rollators etc. Such objects provide thereby a frame construction which is very light and has good strength properties at the same time as it can be manufactured to a low cost.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mutual Connection Of Rods And Tubes (AREA)
  • Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
  • Motorcycle And Bicycle Frame (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une construction de châssis pour un objet, qui est muni d'au moins une roue, et concerne un procédé de fabrication d'une telle construction de châssis. La construction de châssis comporte au moins deux organes de châssis (1-8), qui sont connectés l'un à l'autre par le biais d'une connexion. Au moins un des organes de châssis (1-8) est fabriqué par le biais d'un processus d'hydroformage d'un acier inoxydable austénitique. Étant donné que l'acier inoxydable austénitique présente de très bonnes propriétés d'écrouissage, un tel organe de châssis peut être réalisé avec des parois très fines et peut être très léger.
EP06813072A 2005-11-03 2006-11-03 Construction de chassis pour un objet muni d'au moins une roue et procede de fabrication d'une telle construction de chassis Withdrawn EP1945497A4 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE0502439A SE530614C2 (sv) 2005-11-03 2005-11-03 Ramkonstruktion för ett objekt som är försett med åtminstone ett hjul och ett förfarande för att tillverka en sådan ramkonstruktion
PCT/SE2006/050452 WO2007053109A1 (fr) 2005-11-03 2006-11-03 Construction de chassis pour un objet muni d'au moins une roue et procede de fabrication d'une telle construction de chassis

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1945497A1 true EP1945497A1 (fr) 2008-07-23
EP1945497A4 EP1945497A4 (fr) 2010-12-08

Family

ID=38006146

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06813072A Withdrawn EP1945497A4 (fr) 2005-11-03 2006-11-03 Construction de chassis pour un objet muni d'au moins une roue et procede de fabrication d'une telle construction de chassis

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1945497A4 (fr)
SE (1) SE530614C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007053109A1 (fr)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2347062A1 (fr) * 1976-04-05 1977-11-04 Vignon Suzanne Appareil de musculation ou de reeducation des muscles
FR2700174A1 (fr) * 1993-01-07 1994-07-08 Gerard Jacques Matériaux et procédés pour la réalisation de structures porteuses, et de leurs accessoires, à hautes caractéristiques mécaniques et corrosion, notamment dans le domaine du cycle.
US6761187B1 (en) * 2003-04-03 2004-07-13 Bayer Polymers Llc Tubular assembly having an internal plug

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2021054A (en) * 1978-03-14 1979-11-28 Horne Bros Ltd Cycle frames
FR2432425A1 (fr) * 1978-07-31 1980-02-29 Angenieux Clb Sa Procede et moyens d'assemblage des elements composant les cadres de bicyclettes et vehicules similaires
KR100821117B1 (ko) * 2001-06-29 2008-04-11 에드워드 제이. 맥크링크 스틸 구조물 및 그 형성 방법

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2347062A1 (fr) * 1976-04-05 1977-11-04 Vignon Suzanne Appareil de musculation ou de reeducation des muscles
FR2700174A1 (fr) * 1993-01-07 1994-07-08 Gerard Jacques Matériaux et procédés pour la réalisation de structures porteuses, et de leurs accessoires, à hautes caractéristiques mécaniques et corrosion, notamment dans le domaine du cycle.
US6761187B1 (en) * 2003-04-03 2004-07-13 Bayer Polymers Llc Tubular assembly having an internal plug

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See also references of WO2007053109A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE0502439L (sv) 2007-05-04
EP1945497A4 (fr) 2010-12-08
SE530614C2 (sv) 2008-07-15
WO2007053109A1 (fr) 2007-05-10

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