EP1938351B1 - Vorrichtung zur strombegrenzung - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zur strombegrenzung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1938351B1
EP1938351B1 EP06806134A EP06806134A EP1938351B1 EP 1938351 B1 EP1938351 B1 EP 1938351B1 EP 06806134 A EP06806134 A EP 06806134A EP 06806134 A EP06806134 A EP 06806134A EP 1938351 B1 EP1938351 B1 EP 1938351B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
current
fault
conductor bar
current limiter
severing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP06806134A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1938351A1 (de
Inventor
Andreas Schumacher
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eaton Industries GmbH
Original Assignee
Eaton Industries GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eaton Industries GmbH filed Critical Eaton Industries GmbH
Publication of EP1938351A1 publication Critical patent/EP1938351A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1938351B1 publication Critical patent/EP1938351B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H87/00—Protective devices in which a current flowing through a liquid or solid is interrupted by the evaporation of the liquid or by the melting and evaporation of the solid when the current becomes excessive, the circuit continuity being reestablished on cooling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H39/00—Switching devices actuated by an explosion produced within the device and initiated by an electric current
    • H01H39/006—Opening by severing a conductor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H83/00—Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current
    • H01H83/20—Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current operated by excess current as well as by some other abnormal electrical condition
    • H01H2083/201—Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current operated by excess current as well as by some other abnormal electrical condition the other abnormal electrical condition being an arc fault
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
    • H01H9/541—Contacts shunted by semiconductor devices
    • H01H9/542—Contacts shunted by static switch means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for limiting a caused by a system failure (an arc fault) short-circuit current in an electrical switching or distribution system.
  • the device should be usable for low and medium voltage.
  • the interruption device comprises a detection device for detecting the fault arc in the sense of an error detection device, a single-phase line disconnector in at least one power current path and an activatable current limiter for a current conducted in the power current path.
  • Arc flashes can lead to extreme property damage, but also personal injury. To limit the damage in addition to a quick detection of the error and the rapid shutdown (deletion) of the arc and / or limitation of the current required.
  • Various solutions are state-of-the-art for the rapid detection of a fault.
  • Various physical parameters of a switchgear or of a power distributor can be detected when an arc fault occurs by means of a suitable sensor. For example, this can be done via the coupling of the light of the arc fault into photoactive elements ( DE 30 31 517 A1 ), wherein the light is opto-electronically converted into a corresponding switching command to a circuit breaker and this disconnects the system from the mains.
  • Faulty disconnecting fuses on the line side (before an arc fault extinction) generate an arc that can not be effectively interrupted by a mains, slow-acting circuit-breaker. Furthermore, fuses are unusable after each triggering and must be replaced. Costs for such backups are high.
  • I s -limiter For medium voltage applications, a device referred to as an I s -limiter has been known for more than 40 years and has accordingly been described frequently. Representative of this is here with DE 199 55 682 A1 be referred to a device for high voltage.
  • the working principle is that a fuse - for example, by a fuse - the short-circuit current in the first increase in current in the first half-wave is limited and then interrupted.
  • Low-voltage systems in contrast to medium-voltage systems, have particularly high operating currents. While hardly any currents above 5,000 A occur at medium and high voltage, currents of more than 100 kA can occur in low-voltage systems. For the use of a current limiter and / or the switching off of a short circuit, there is therefore in particular for inductive loads, the problem of associated with overvoltages Strorristeilheit.
  • the document DE-A-19601540 discloses another device for limiting an operating current.
  • the device includes a detection device for the fault current, which activates a current limiter for a guided in the power flow operating current upon detection.
  • the current limiter is arranged in parallel circuit position to the line separator, wherein after line separation of the current limiter is able to perform for more than a half-wave, preferably for several half cycles of the alternating current, a reduced operating current.
  • features of the invention include that the line disconnector has a switching time for the disconnection of the power current path of less than 5 ms and that the current limit of the current limiter is designed for a current that is smaller than a pre-definable short-circuit current or limited to a current strength, in which a fault arc extinguished.
  • the line disconnector is placed in the disconnection point where the busbar is to be severed in less than 5 ms.
  • the current After disconnecting the conductor through the line disconnector, the current commutates into the parallel current path in which the current limiter is present.
  • the reduction of the operating current can be adjusted by the current limiter such that a predeterminable residual current intensity is undershot, for example to 100 A operating current.
  • a preferred setting may be such a current, which is below a burning intensity, which no longer allows autonomous burning of a fault arc at the driving voltage. From detailed studies, the relationship between driving voltage and extinction and / or continuation of the burning of the arc fault is very accurately known, so that the setting of the current limiter is precisely adjustable.
  • a separation point is provided, the beginning and end of which is connected to a current limiter in parallel
  • the line separator is configured as a mechanical cutting device with which the power flow path can be separated.
  • power flow paths are mostly designed as busbars, so that in the context of the invention it should be a cutting device which is suitable for separating the current path.
  • the line separator can be designed so that it is a pyrotechnically driven cutting device.
  • the cutting device can be designed as a pyrotechnic cutting charge. Suitable pyrotechnic cutting charges are commercially available and are in an example in the EP 0052521 A1 described.
  • the squib is designed in the form of a linearly shaped charge with an elongated explosive body. The explosive is mounted across the busbar extension, so that the explosive body cuts through the busbar in full width.
  • the current limiter is a liquid metal Sirombegrenzer.
  • a fixed installation position must be observed. Therefore, it may be appropriate to match the leadership of the busbars and the mounting position of the separator according to the invention to each other.
  • a liquid metal current bomber which is to be installed in a horizontal position, be used when the busbars are also horizontal, so that the current limiters come to lie flat on the busbars.
  • a circuit breaker With the detection of an arc fault and the release of the separation device, a circuit breaker can be applied in parallel. With the tripping of the circuit breaker the operating current can finally be switched off.
  • the position of the circuit breaker - whether on the mains side before the disconnecting device and / or behind the disconnecting device - should be dependent on the type and structure of the electrical system.
  • the device according to the invention can also be designed so that in the switching or distribution system, a load shedding control is present, which is also activated by the detection device (for the fault current).
  • a load shedding control is present, which is also activated by the detection device (for the fault current).
  • the load shedding control can be set up so that after a given priority certain consumers are disconnected from the grid and other loads continue to operate.
  • the disconnecting device After a fault, the disconnecting device must be replaced.
  • the device according to the invention is set up so that it has before and behind a place of separation at junctions with the busbars, where via bolt the separator device is connectable on both sides with a rail section.
  • More than one cutting charge at the intended location of the separation of the busbar can be arranged if a particularly wide and thus safe separation distance to be generated. This avoids that a switching arc occurs in a too narrow separation distance and thus reduces the effect of the separator.
  • the device is designed as a structural unit with housing, which has a refractory lining and at least one outlet opening for an exhaust gas stream.
  • the lining may for example consist of plates made of glass fiber reinforced plastic.
  • the single figure shows schematically the structure of a device according to the invention. It is indicated a designed as a power rail power flow path 10, on which a line separator 20 is mounted. In the course of the busbar, a rail section 16 is formed, which is thoroughly utilized by the busbar. Beginning and end of the rail section 16 each have connection points 18, where the rail section 16 is connected to the busbars via bolts.
  • the joints should be designed so that access and extraction is best possible from the bottom of the device.
  • the device should be housed in a housing 60, which is shown schematically here.
  • a current limiter 30 is provided, which is preferably mounted outside of the addressed housing 60.
  • the figure shows a single-phase arrangement.
  • the device may also be formed in three phases, so that a bus bar 10 is present per phase and each bus bar is provided with a separator 20.
  • the current through the busbar is denoted by I 1 .
  • the current I 2 in the parallel current path has no significance for the normal operation of the switchgear.
  • the full operating current I 1 briefly flows through the current limiter, which then reduces the current to a predeterminable value or below a predeterminable value I 3 .
  • the separating device is triggered, wherein the rail section 16 is cut at at least one point 24.
  • a plurality of cutting charges 22 can be mounted side by side on the rail section 16 and thus several separation points 24 are generated, or that overall the length of the separation point is made sufficiently large.
  • the rail section is supported on the side facing away from the cutting charge by abutments 26, 26 '. In any case, the rail section should be supported on both sides of the intended separation point 24. In individual cases, it must be checked whether a center support 26 'is necessary or not in the middle between two possible separation points.
  • the location and number of the cutting charges determine location and number of separation points 24.
  • the possible separation point in the rail section does not need to be mechanically designed particularly. But it may well be useful - without reducing the line cross section of the rail section - to provide perforations (for example holes) at the location of a possible separation point, so that there is a kind of predetermined breaking point for the pyrotechnic blasting is pre-stamped.
  • Commercially available cutting loads e.g., under the trademark Dynawell
  • the structure according to the invention according to the figure consists of two pyrotechnic cutting charges 22 and a liquid metal current limiter 30, in which a plurality of compressor chambers 32 and the liquid metal surface are indicated.
  • two outlet openings 62 for an exhaust gas stream 64 are shown in the housing 60.
  • the current limiter 30 is fastened by means of its own busbars 12 to the busbars 10 which form the power circuit, with connecting elements, not shown.

Landscapes

  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
  • Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
EP06806134A 2005-10-19 2006-10-10 Vorrichtung zur strombegrenzung Active EP1938351B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005050044A DE102005050044A1 (de) 2005-10-19 2005-10-19 Vorrichtung zur Strombegrenzung
PCT/EP2006/009757 WO2007045374A1 (de) 2005-10-19 2006-10-10 Vorrichtung zur strombegrenzung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1938351A1 EP1938351A1 (de) 2008-07-02
EP1938351B1 true EP1938351B1 (de) 2010-06-09

Family

ID=37546617

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06806134A Active EP1938351B1 (de) 2005-10-19 2006-10-10 Vorrichtung zur strombegrenzung

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1938351B1 (da)
AT (1) ATE470946T1 (da)
DE (2) DE102005050044A1 (da)
DK (1) DK1938351T3 (da)
WO (1) WO2007045374A1 (da)

Family Cites Families (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1097016B (de) * 1955-01-15 1961-01-12 Calor Emag Elektrizitaets Ag Einrichtung zur Schnellunterbrechung von Kurzschlussstroemen
US3529210A (en) * 1967-02-28 1970-09-15 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Current limiting circuit
DE2039065A1 (de) * 1970-08-06 1972-02-17 Kind Dieter Prof Dr Ing Verfahren und Anordnungen zur strombegrenzenden Unterbrechung von Gleich- und Wechselstroemen hoher Spannung
SE7907340L (sv) * 1979-09-04 1981-03-05 Asea Ab Anordning for detektering av ljusbagar o dyl
US5360999A (en) * 1993-02-25 1994-11-01 Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System Explosively actuated thermal opening switch
JPH08315666A (ja) * 1995-05-12 1996-11-29 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 遮断器および遮断装置
DE19615959C1 (de) * 1996-04-22 1997-10-16 Siemens Ag Verfahren und System zur Optimierung und zum Management des Verbrauches an elektrischer Energie in Industriebetrieben
DE29614976U1 (de) * 1996-08-28 1996-11-21 N & L Elektrotechnik Gmbh Notabschaltvorrichtung für Bordstromnetze von Kraftfahrzeugen
DE19746566A1 (de) * 1997-10-22 1999-04-29 Kloeckner Moeller Gmbh Kurzschließer, insbesondere für eine Störlichtbogen-Schutzvorrichtung zur Verwendung in Anlagen zur Verteilung elektrischer Energie
US5867356A (en) * 1997-11-05 1999-02-02 General Electric Company Current limiting system and method
US6295930B1 (en) * 1998-01-08 2001-10-02 Harness System Technologies Research, Ltd. Circuit breaker
US6222439B1 (en) * 1998-02-17 2001-04-24 Sumitomo Wiring Systems, Ltd. Circuit breaking device
DE19903837B4 (de) * 1999-02-01 2004-02-19 Moeller Gmbh Selbsterholende Strombegrenzungseinrichtung mit Flüssigmetall
DE19903940C1 (de) * 1999-02-01 2000-11-02 Moeller Gmbh Selbsterholende Strombegrenzungseinrichtung mit Flüssigmetall
DE19955682A1 (de) * 1999-11-19 2001-06-13 Abb Patent Gmbh Strombegrenzende Einrichtung für Hochspannung
KR100423886B1 (ko) * 2000-05-12 2004-03-24 휴먼엘텍 주식회사 아크 결함 보호용 차단기 및 이를 구비하는 회로 차단기

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1938351A1 (de) 2008-07-02
DE102005050044A1 (de) 2007-05-03
DK1938351T3 (da) 2010-09-27
DE502006007193D1 (de) 2010-07-22
ATE470946T1 (de) 2010-06-15
WO2007045374A1 (de) 2007-04-26

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