EP1933086B1 - Building component with at least one illuminant - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a component having at least one luminous means, wherein the component forms a wall, ceiling, floor and / or furniture panel and the luminous means is arranged in the interior of the component, wherein the component has a cover layer, in which one the illuminant associated with the associated opening in the component surface and from which the light source is spaced.

In the prior art, there are a variety of components with integrated bulbs that can be subsequently used for example in a wall, a ceiling or a floor. In order to allow the inclusion of the component, which is for example a metal frame in the wall, the ceiling or the floor, a corresponding recess must be previously provided therein, which makes the installation of the bulb relatively expensive. Various components with integrated bulbs are known for example from the GB-A-2242455 . EP-A-1041211 . DE 20207216 U1 or DE 20215877 U1 ,

It is the object of the present invention to provide a component with at least one light source, which achieves a largely glare-free by simple means.

This object is achieved by a component according to claim 1. Preferred embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

Advantageously, the component is formed wood-material-free. For the purposes of the present invention, wood-base materials are understood to mean all those materials which have the natural product wood as their base, but are comminuted and processed with the addition of further auxiliaries and connecting substances. Accordingly, wood-pulpless means that such crushed-wood-based materials are not used, and therefore includes, but is not limited to, metal plates, gypsum board, glass plates and plastic plates, as well as the aforementioned finished products such as lightweight boards, composite honeycomb boards, plastic or melamine resin board. Solid wood, such as boards and planks, or veneers do not fall under the term "wood material", meaning that solid wood panels or panels with solid wood coverings can accordingly also be used. Alternatively or additionally, expanded metal plates or sheets of lightweight concrete can be used. In particular, composite panels may be provided with a honeycomb core, which may be covered with different cover layers, the honeycomb core may consist of different materials, advantageously a light metal such as aluminum.

By using a prefabricated trim panel with integrated bulbs allows the component of the invention must not be installed in an expensive manner in an existing wall, an existing ceiling or existing floor, as it already said wall, said ceiling or said floor at least partially from forming in front.

Thus, it is conceivable that the component according to the invention forms a side wall or a shelf of a cabinet and in this way a light source does not have to be retrofitted in a complicated manner. In other words, the component according to the invention and the luminous means arranged in the interior form a prefabricated assembly unit which can be used as a wall, ceiling or floor element, for example of furniture or in house construction.

Advantageously, the bulbs are supernatant integrated into the wall, ceiling or floor panel, so that the bulbs do not project beyond the connection dimensions or contours of the panel. By such a bulging-free integration of the bulbs, the panel can be placed directly on the surface of a structural component such as a wall without a corresponding recess would have to be provided there or a spacer would have to be interposed.

A particular embodiment is the combination of particularly lightweight or acoustically equipped plate products, such as lightweight panels or acoustic panels, with bulbs.

As a lamp, in principle all possible according to the prior art can be used. However, bulbs which have a low overall height and / or whose light can be focused well and / or which have a low heat development and / or which have a high luminous efficacy have proven to be advantageous. These properties meet, for example, LED bulbs to a great extent.

The components according to the invention can be used as wall, ceiling or floor elements. The integration in furniture (shelves, integration in cabinet walls for interior lighting) or in structural components is conceivable. It is particularly advantageous that the preferably bearing component can also take over the function of lighting.

A particular advantage of the component is the possibility of using thermally only slightly resistant materials, which usually complicates the installation of halogen lamps in furniture usually otherwise. In a further development of the invention, a plurality of LED lights are spaced from each other in the panel, in particular distributed in a grid shape, whereby a better distribution of the heat emanating from the bulbs is achieved. In particular, an LED board can be installed in the trim panel on which the LEDs are mounted distributed.

Particularly advantageous is the use of bulbs in combination with lightweight panels has been found. Lightweight panels are usually made of cover layers such as plastic, light metal or wood veneer and a middle layer, which has a significantly lower density than the cover layers, such as cardboard honeycomb, light metal honeycomb, foamed middle layers (eg polyurethane foam, styrene foam, biofoams, lightweight panels of lignocellulosic material). However, a lightweight plate can also consist of an integral plate having a significantly reduced density in the middle, which increases towards the outside of the plate. A lightweight board has a density which is in particular less than 450 kg / m ³ , preferably less than 350 kg / m ³ .

Regardless of whether the component is a lightweight board or not, it is advantageous if according to one embodiment, the density of the material of the component, in particular the cover layer increases towards the outside, thereby high stability of the openings through which the light comes out of the component to the outside, to ensure. This is particularly important in the case when the opening has no exclusively perpendicular to the component or cover layer plane extending inner surfaces, but the inner surfaces, for example, have a stepped and / or beveled course. In the case of a stepped and / or bevelled course, the panel has only a relatively small thickness in the region of the narrowest cross section of the opening, and therefore it is necessary here to prevent cracks or breaks occurring in the region of the edge of the opening.

The openings described above can be both holes and slots. Thus, for example, fields with a plurality of symmetrically arranged openings are conceivable, in particular with a plurality of juxtaposed rows of openings. Also fields with several juxtaposed slots are conceivable. Also combinations of slit-shaped and circular openings may be provided. Optimal illumination results, for example, especially when using LEDs, with an arrangement of several points of light squared, so for example five rows, each with five openings for a field with 25 LEDs. Of course, only individual rows of openings or LEDs are conceivable. Also, multiple fields of openings or LEDs, preferably in a symmetrical arrangement, be provided on the component.

As mentioned, the openings may have different cross sections and, in particular, be circular in the form of bores or slot-shaped. By suitable arrangement of the light-emitting element relative to the opening, it is also possible to achieve a symmetrical or asymmetrical light emission. In other words, the light-emitting element does not necessarily coaxial with the opening, but may also be arranged offset to it.

The focusability in combination with a small size unites the LED particularly advantageous. Bundling of the light beam is thus possible such that it exits through an opening having a diameter of less than one to a few millimeters (e.g., 0.5-6, preferably 2-4 mm).

Due to the fact that the illuminant according to one embodiment of the component according to the invention is set back far in comparison to the opening diameter with respect to the outer surface of the component, in particular the cover layer, this is hardly directly visible by a viewer. This can prevent that the actual light source disturbs the viewer by direct light. A very homogeneous and seemingly diffuse lighting impression is thus achievable.

According to a further embodiment of the component according to the invention it can be provided that the distance between the light-emitting element of the lighting means, in particular the LED, and the cover layer, which is provided with the light exit openings, more than 10%, in particular more than 20%, preferably is more than 50%, but preferably less than 100% of the thickness of the component.

For example, as a light-emitting element, an LED with a reflector and a lens be designed so that the light rays from the light-emitting element emerge so that they come together at a focal point again, before they then very diversified enter the room. If the light-emitting element is arranged so that the focal point lies exactly in the region of the light exit opening in the component, it is sufficient to provide only a very small opening cross-section. In this way, a simple dazzling freedom can be achieved with simple means.

There are various ways to bundle or direct the light beam. First, this may have a symmetrical shape, whereby a uniform illumination of a surface is perpendicular to the light beam. However, an asymmetrical bundling is also possible, which allows a deflection of the exiting light. As a result, when used as a ceiling light, for example, increased light intensities in the surfaces to be illuminated can be produced or the emitted light can be deflected towards the middle of the room in the case of a ceiling light inserted at the edge or vice versa.

An LED illuminant requires electrical equipment to control the intensity and power of the LED. This can be installed centrally, for example, and supplies various components, which in turn have several LED bulbs. However, the integration of the electrical equipment has proven to be advantageous for the application and assembly. As a result, several components such as conventional "lights" can be wired and interconnected.

For the construction of ceiling systems, individual ceiling elements are preferably used, which can be introduced into prepared brackets. Bulbs are either retrofitted or installed in individual ceiling elements. Such kind used lighting are for the viewer but mostly disturbing, as he has a direct view to the bulbs to a large extent. Even with the use of reflectors, this disturbing property can only be solved insufficiently. Reflections and unequal illumination are the consequences. When using the components according to the invention with light sources in some of the ceiling elements, this disturbing effect can be prevented.

The acoustic equipment of rooms and furniture is very easily possible with acoustic panels. According to the prior art, the cover layers are perforated for this, which allows the penetration of sound into the plate interior. Sound-reflecting and sound-absorbing elements in the interior of the panel lead to sound absorption and prevent the incoming sound from escaping.

The perforation can have holes of one or more millimeters (for example 1-2 mm). But there are also conceivable products whose hole diameter is less than 1 millimeter. The expert also calls such panels acoustic panels or panels.

A particular embodiment of the present invention represents the combination of sonic and lighting properties of a panel such that perforations of the acoustic panel are also used for penetrating light beams. For this purpose, certain bores of the acoustic panel are provided with light-emitting elements in a dependent of the required illumination intensity grid or light-emitting elements are arranged behind the openings. By choosing the appropriate light emitting element (e.g., LED), the required aperture radius can be made nearly identical to the diameter of the perforation. Thus, optical disadvantages can be avoided by disturbing unequal bore diameter.

In order to avoid disturbing reflections in the area of the passage of light, a blackening can be carried out here. In order to avoid a separate operation, it may be advantageous to use a mass-colored material, in particular for the cover layer of the panel. These are numerous possibilities in the Known in the art. For example, in the case of a plastic panel, a dye, here also graphite, can be added to achieve blackening.

To permanently avoid problems that may arise for the component due to the heating occurring in each light source, it is preferred that the panel has an increased heat resistance - even if this problem occurs in the preferred LEDs used to a barely appreciable extent. Measures to achieve such are well known in the art. For lightweight panels, for example, such can be achieved by employing temperature resistant center sheet materials, such as specialty cardboard honeycombs, and by selecting a temperature resistant adhesive for bonding between center and top sheets. Thus, preference is given to using panels or lightweight panels which have a temperature resistance of at least 75 ° C., in particular at least 100 ° C., preferably at least 115 ° C.

Example 1: Integration of an LED in a lightweight honeycomb panel.

In a lightweight board with a total thickness of 19 mm consisting of double-sided cover layers (aluminum plate with 4 mm thickness) and an aluminum honeycomb core as light bulbs several light-emitting elements are integrated. The honeycomb panel is encased on all sides and is superficially designed and decorative on the edges. In addition, this has on the back of locking devices that allow installation as a ceiling light element integrated into a single elements existing coffered ceiling.

The element has a square shape and has, for example, integrated 16 light-emitting elements in, for example, four rows of four elements each. The lighting elements are preassembled on a support plate on which all electrical devices for operating the light source are located.

The pre-assembled carrier plate has devices for attachment in the honeycomb plate.

The honeycomb panel is prepared with holes that serve the exit of the light beam, and with grooves for receiving the carrier plate. Now, in a simple assembly step, the support plate can be inserted into the prepared honeycomb panel and used as a cassette ceiling sub-element, which also performs a lighting function.

Example 2:

Integration of an LED in an acoustic panel

An acoustic panel has perforations on at least one outside in a grid. Light-emitting elements as described in Example 1 are now integrated into the acoustic panel so that the light exit opening of the light-emitting elements arranged in a grid coincide with perforations of the acoustic panel. Thus, the illuminant is integrated in the plate so that it can almost not be perceived.

Fig. 1

eine Schnittansicht mehrerer Ausführungsbeispiele (Fig. 1a - 1d) eines Bauteils gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung,

Fig. 2

eine Draufsicht auf das Bauteil aus Fig. 1,

Fig. 3

eine Schnittansicht eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispieles des Bauteils, bei dem die Leuchten in eine Gipskartondecke integriert sind,

Fig. 4

eine Schnittansicht eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels des Bauteils in Form einer Massivholzplatte, in die ein LED-Feld integriert ist,

Fig. 5

eine ausschnittsweise, vergrößerte Schnittansicht des Massivholzpaneels aus Fig. 4, die die Ausbildung der Lichtaustrittsöffnungen in der Paneeldeckschicht zeigt, die den LEDs zugeordnet sind, und

Fig. 6

eine Schnittansicht eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels des Bauteils in Form einer Metall- oder Kunststoffdeckenplatte mit integrierten LEDs.

There are now a variety of ways to design and further develop the component according to the invention. For this purpose, on the one hand, reference is made to the claims subordinate to claim 1, on the other hand to the description of embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawing shows:

Fig. 1

a sectional view of several embodiments ( Fig. 1a - 1d ) of a component according to the present invention,

Fig. 2

a plan view of the component Fig. 1 .

Fig. 3

a sectional view of another embodiment of the component, in which the lights are integrated into a plasterboard ceiling,

Fig. 4

a sectional view of another embodiment of the component in the form of a solid wood panel, in which an LED field is integrated,

Fig. 5

a partial, enlarged sectional view of the solid wood panel Fig. 4 showing the formation of the light exit apertures in the panel top layer associated with the LEDs, and

Fig. 6

a sectional view of another embodiment of the component in the form of a metal or plastic ceiling plate with integrated LEDs.

Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 show a component 1, here a lightweight board 2, with a first cover layer 1 a, a second cover layer 1 b and a honeycomb-shaped, lightweight middle layer 1c with integrated light source 4. The light source 4 is connected via a carrier 7 with the cover layer 1a. The light-emitting means 4 has a plurality of LEDs 5 which radiate through associated openings 6 in the cover layer 1 b to the outside. For reinforcement, the lightweight panel bar 3.

The embodiments according to the FIGS. 1a ) to d) differ in the design of the openings 6, in particular in the course of the inner surfaces 6a of the openings 6. Thus, the inner surfaces 6a of the openings 6 in the embodiment according to Fig. 1 a) straight and perpendicular to the plane of the lightweight board 2 and the lower cover layer 1 b.

But it is also conceivable, as in the case of Fig. 1b ) provide a stepped course of the inner surfaces 6a. In this case, the upper part of the inner surface 6a is set back relative to the lower part. Such an embodiment of an opening 6 can be achieved, for example, by first providing a blind hole of a relatively large diameter on the side of the lower cover layer 1 b facing the LED 5, into which opening a through bore of a smaller one Diameter is introduced. Particularly advantageously, however, the described opening 6 can also be produced with a correspondingly shaped stepped drill. A graduated course of the inner surfaces 6a has the advantage that, in particular in connection with a bundling of the emitted light beams at a focal point, relatively small opening cross-sections can be realized.

As small opening cross sections as possible can also be achieved by an oblique course of the inner surfaces 6a, as he, for example, in the embodiment of Fig. 1c ) is shown. With an oblique course is a course at an angle to the longitudinal plane of the lightweight panel 2 and the lower cover layer 1 b meant. Such a course can be generated for example by a conical milling tool.

Fig. 1d In this case, the upper part of the inner surface 6a is recessed from the lower part and is formed, for example, by first providing a blind bore of a relatively large diameter in the lower cover layer 1 b is provided. The lower part of the inner surface 6a then protrudes in a plane parallel to the longitudinal plane of the lightweight board 2 or cover layer 1b in the direction of the center of the opening 6, followed by a bevelled section, in which the inner surface 6a is at an angle to the longitudinal plane of the lightweight board 2 or Cover layer 1 b runs. The chamfered portion can be produced in the present case, for example, by a conical milling tool. This opening 6 can alternatively be produced with a correspondingly shaped step drill.

Fig. 2 Finally, FIG. 1 shows a top view of the component 1 in the form of a lightweight board 2 with a field of four rows of LEDs 5 and openings 6 arranged next to one another and offset from one another. It is of course also conceivable to arrange a plurality of such fields in one and the same component 1.

Fig. 3 shows a further embodiment of a component 1, which forms part of a plasterboard ceiling. The overall plate-shaped component 1 forms a panel whose visible side of a cover plate 1 b forms in the form of a metal or plastic plate. The said cover plate 1 b in this case forms a cover for the lights arranged behind it, the grid-shaped arranged LEDs 5 have. The said LEDs 5 are in this case arranged on an LED board 7, which is mounted on lateral spacers 8 on the back of said cover plate 1 b, so that the LEDs 5 are held in a plane parallel to the cover plate 1 b spaced therefrom.

In the cover plate 1 b, a plurality of openings 6 are introduced, which are associated coaxially with the LEDs 5 and have a conically or funnel-shaped widened to the LEDs 5 cross-section, see. Fig. 3 ,

The cover plate 1 b, which forms a cover for the LEDs 5, is fixed at its lateral edges by means of suitable connection means 9 flush with the surface on respective plate parts of a plasterboard ceiling.

The FIGS. 4 and 5 show a component 1 in the form of a solid wood panel or plywood plate having a trough-shaped or recess 10, in the region of which the panel has a reduced wall thickness. Said area of reduced wall thickness forms, as it were, the cover layer 1b, behind which a plurality of LEDs 5 are arranged, which are advantageously arranged in a row or grid pattern at a distance from one another. The said LEDs 5 are in this case mounted on an LED board 7, which is mounted on the back of the panel. Advantageously, said LED board 7 can rest on the edge of the panel around the previously mentioned recess 10, wherein advantageously recess-shaped cut-outs can be provided so that the LED board 7 together with the LEDs 5 mounted thereon is integrated into the contour of the panel , preferably flush with the surface continues the contour.

As Fig. 5 shows, provided in the panel openings 6, which are assigned to the LEDs 5 advantageously coaxial, have a double conically widening cross-section, wherein the cross-section towards the LEDs towards more expanded than to the visible side of the panel, see. Fig. 5 , According to one embodiment of the invention, the openings 6 may be formed free of cylindrical portions.

Fig. 6 shows a further embodiment of a component 1 in the form of a ceiling plate made of metal, such as aluminum, steel, expanded metal, stainless steel, or alternatively also of plastic. Similar to the embodiment described above Fig. 3 behind the ceiling plate several LEDs 5 on an LED board 7, which is mounted on the edge provided spacers 8 on the back of the ceiling plate, so that the LEDs 5 are held in a plane parallel to the ceiling plate of this spaced.

As Fig. 6 shows, the ceiling plate comprises edge-side Umfalzungen 11, which define the outer contour of a total plate-shaped panel. The LEDs 5 are arranged within this defined by the Umfalzungen 11 outer contour.

Claims (19)

1. A component (1) having at least one illuminant (4), wherein the component (1) forms a wall panel, a ceiling panel, a floor panel and/or a furniture panel and the illuminant (4) is arranged in the interior of the component (1); and wherein the component (1) has a cover layer (1 b) in which an opening (6) associated with the illuminant (4) is associated in the component surface and from which the illuminant is spaced apart, characterized in that the illuminant (4) comprises an LED having bundling means in the form of a lens and/or of a reflector, with the light beams exiting the bundling means merging at a focal point in the region of the opening (6) in the spaced apart cover layer (1 b).
2. A component (1) in accordance with claim 1, characterized in that the component (1) is formed free of wooden material.
3. A component (1) in accordance with claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the component (1) is formed in plate shape.
4. A component (1) in accordance with claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the component forms a cover panel and/or a face panel having an integrated illuminant (4).
5. A component in accordance with one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the illuminant is inserted into the panel free of overhang.
6. A component (1) in accordance with one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the component (1) has at least one plate of metal, gypsum board, glass and/or plastic into which the illuminant (4) is inserted.
7. A component (1) in accordance with one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the component (1) is a lightweight building board (2).
8. A component in accordance with one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the component (1) has a multilayer composite plate having a honeycomb core, preferably of aluminum.
9. A component (1) in accordance with the preceding claim, characterized in that the inner surfaces (6a) of the openings (6) are blackened.
10. A component in accordance with one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a plurality of LEDs (5) are arranged in the component distributed in grid shape.
11. A component (1) in accordance with the preceding claim, characterized in that the opening (6) is arranged coaxially to the illuminant (4), in particular to the LED (5).
12. A component in accordance with one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the diameter of the opening (6) in the cover layer (1 b) is smaller than the diameter of the illuminant comprising the LED and the bundling means.
13. A component in accordance with one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the opening (6) has a funnel-shaped extension directed toward the illuminant (4).
14. A component (1) in accordance with the preceding claim, characterized in that the opening (6) has a respective funnel-shaped extension toward oppositely disposed sides, with the funnel-shaped extension directed toward the illuminant (4) having a larger maximum diameter than the funnel-shaped extension directed toward the visible side of the component (1).
15. A component (1) in accordance with one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spacing between the illuminant, in particular the LED (5), and the cover layer (1 b) amounts to more than 10%, in particular more than 20%, preferably more than 50%, of the thickness of the component (1).
16. A component (1) in accordance with one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the component (1) is an acoustic panel.
17. A component in accordance with one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the diameter of the at least one opening (6) in the panel amounts to 0.05 to 10 mm, preferably 1 to 8 mm, in particular 3 to 6 mm.
18. A component in accordance with one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the material density of the panel increases toward the outside, in particular toward its visible side.
19. A component in accordance with one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the panel has a temperature resistance of at least 75°C, preferably at least 100°C, and in particular more than 115°C.

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