EP3336272B1 - Prefabricated building element made of wood and an acoustic wall and ceiling system - Google Patents

Prefabricated building element made of wood and an acoustic wall and ceiling system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3336272B1
EP3336272B1 EP17207085.6A EP17207085A EP3336272B1 EP 3336272 B1 EP3336272 B1 EP 3336272B1 EP 17207085 A EP17207085 A EP 17207085A EP 3336272 B1 EP3336272 B1 EP 3336272B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
boards
building element
sound
grooves
plate
Prior art date
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EP17207085.6A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3336272A1 (en
Inventor
Ivan Tschopp
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Tschopp Holzbau AG
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Tschopp Holzbau AG
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Priority claimed from CH01673/16A external-priority patent/CH713253A2/en
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Publication of EP3336272A1 publication Critical patent/EP3336272A1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
    • E04C2/12—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of solid wood
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B1/86—Sound-absorbing elements slab-shaped
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/02—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
    • E04C2/284—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/29—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces built-up from parts of different material, i.e. composite structures
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B2001/8414—Sound-absorbing elements with non-planar face, e.g. curved, egg-crate shaped
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B2001/8457—Solid slabs or blocks
    • E04B2001/8461—Solid slabs or blocks layered
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/02—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
    • E04B5/12—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units with wooden beams

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a prefabricated component made of wood according to the preamble of patent claim 1 and an acoustic wall and ceiling system according to claim 9.
  • the acoustics is a major problem.
  • the floors in such buildings have a smooth surface, such as stone slabs or wood flooring.
  • a similar construction which is designed as a wooden ceiling element or as a wooden wall element, is from the EP 2 196 592 B1 known.
  • wood boards are arranged side by side analogous to the above-mentioned embodiment and connected by wooden dowels. Even with this wooden ceiling sound insulation elements are inserted in lateral grooves on the boards. Slots in the boards allow the sound to enter from below into the soundproofing elements, where the sound is ultimately absorbed.
  • a wood prefabricated element according to EP 2 080 845 B1 are inserted between rectangular boards sound-absorbing elements that extend either over the entire height of the boards or only over a partial area.
  • individual boards are shifted upwardly with respect to the adjacent ones and project beyond the upper edges of the adjacent boards and sound insulation elements. Below each up shifted boards results in a groove, which is formed laterally of soundproofing elements. This is intended to dampen the sound waves entering the grooves.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a prefabricated device having a highest possible degree of sound absorption. Another task is the Creation of a component with which at the same time a load-bearing ceiling can be created, ie the component should not only have optimal sound absorption properties, but be suitable directly as a ceiling or supporting element for an overlying floor. A further object is the provision of a component which, on the one hand, has optimum sound absorption properties and, on the other hand, is suitable as permanent formwork with static properties for a concrete floor to be created above it.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide an acoustic wall and ceiling system for school and seminar rooms, which on the one hand ensures optimal sound insulation and on the other hand does not suppress the audibility of the speaker's voice.
  • an acoustic component with optimal sound absorption or sound absorption values can be achieved.
  • the component has a high load-bearing capacity when used directly as a ceiling or as a permanent formwork for a wood-concrete composite ceiling.
  • the desired sound absorption can be adapted to the respective requirements by the ratio of the width of the boards and the width of the intermediate sound-absorbing plates.
  • Another possibility for adaptation consists of the measure of the vertical length of the boards between the boards.
  • the device can be adapted to the given circling circumstances.
  • further advantages can be produced, namely of the loose fibers existing plates by any shocks peeling fibers are retained and can not get into the room and on the other hand can already by the porous body part of the sound waves are absorbed.
  • An intervening space prevents the direct transmission of vibrations of the porous body, if any, to the lower face of the plate.
  • the sound in particular the sound of voices instead of absorbed, is now reflected on the otherwise sound-absorbing components.
  • This makes it possible to create a ceiling or wall paneling that is designed to be completely uniform throughout the room, but to reflect on the speaker's voice and to pass it on to the listeners, while at the same time silencing sounds from the audience area.
  • the acoustics system is simple in design, laying over the speaker plates with reflective inserts and the remaining areas of the room with sound-absorbing panels with the same look.
  • the sound-absorbing panels can be made in one piece or one or more spaces can be left free, in which pipes for receiving electrical cables, glass fiber strands or pipes for water for heating purposes or as process water can be inserted. Furthermore, below a continuous sound absorbing plate, or a those which is divided into several individual plates, a light band, for example, a LED populated light strip, are used.
  • reference numeral 1 denotes a prefabricated component.
  • the component 1 comprises a plurality of vertically arranged boards 3, which consist of solid wood or plywood.
  • the boards 3 have a width a and a height h.
  • the boards 3 are spaced along the side surfaces in the region of the lower edge 5 to the latter on both sides grooves 7 embedded.
  • the grooves 7 have a depth c and a base width d.
  • the grooves 7 are at a distance e from the edge 5.
  • Each board 3 is thus provided on both sides with a groove 7 and has as a whole a rectangular cross-section which extends from the lower edge 5 to the upper edge 9.
  • a sound absorbing plate 11 made of organic or inorganic fibers is inserted between the juxtaposed boards 3, a sound absorbing plate 11 made of organic or inorganic fibers is inserted.
  • a rectangular cross-section plate 11 extends between the upper edge 9 and the upper edge ok of the groove 7, preferably the plate 11 ends at a distance above the groove 7.
  • the above-lying free surface of the plate 11 is slightly opposite to the set back the upper edge 9 of the board 3.
  • the lower end face 15 of the plate 11 can, as in FIG. 4 shown aligned with the upper edges ok of the grooves 7 or, as in the FIGS. 1 to 3 and 5 to 7 can be seen, offset upwards to lie.
  • a porous body 17 is inserted between the opposing grooves 7 each two adjacent boards 3, a porous body 17 is inserted.
  • the upper surface of the body 17 is spaced from the lower end surface 15 of the plate 17, so that between the body 17 and the plate 11, a gap 19 is formed.
  • the body 17 may extend over the entire height or width d of the base of the groove 7; it can also rest only on the lower side edge uk of the groove 7 and have a thickness which is smaller than the basic width d of the groove. 7
  • the wooden dowels 21st can either be penetrating from board 3 to board 3 and the plate 11 or preferably extend over a larger number, eg six boards 3 and five plates 11.
  • the insertion of the dowels 21 takes place by drilling the stacked boards 3 and plates 11 and by pressing a correspondingly long dowel 21, for example made of beech wood.
  • Such assembled boards 3 and plates 11 are close together and need no further connection, for example with a glue.
  • dowels 21 are inserted at regular intervals. Alternatively, the elements could also be mutually connected only with glue or by a screw connection.
  • one or more plates 11 may be interrupted in height and form a cavity 25.
  • a cavity 25 can Pipes or lines are inserted, which serve for various purposes of domestic installation.
  • the porous bodies 17 also act as sound insulation and on the other hand they prevent loose fibers from escaping from the overlying fibrous plates 11 and can fall to the floor.
  • 17 can produce optical effects with the color design of the porous body, which interrupt the surfaces of the components used as wall or floor elements 1.
  • the absorption volume of the body 11 is able to reach an absorption degree of 0.75.
  • This can be achieved in particular because the cross section of the plate 11 corresponds to the cross section of the opening between the lateral edges of the boards 3.
  • a slightly lower degree of absorption is achieved when the width b of the plate 11 corresponds to about half the width a of the board 3.
  • the high degree of sound absorption can be achieved when the plate 11 extends substantially over the entire height of the board 3, which lies above the grooves 7.
  • the optimum values for the dimensions of the boards 3 and the plates 11 are as follows: a 30 mm to 60 mm, preferably 40 mm; Height h 100 mm to 300 mm, preferably 160 mm to 260 mm.
  • FIG. 9 shows a vertical section through a prefabricated component 101, whose structure corresponds to those components, as shown in the FIGS. 1 to 7 have been shown and described.
  • a reflector plate 123 is inserted over the porous body 7 in this embodiment.
  • the reflector plate 123 may rest directly on the porous body 17 and at the same time on the underside of the plate 11. Alternatively, there may be a gap between the reflector plate 123 and the porous body 17 and / or the plate 11.
  • the porous body 17 is essentially only the optics, that is the view of the device 101 corresponds exactly to those in the FIGS. 1 to 7 have been described.
  • the reflector membrane 123 itself has the task here, for example, in a school or seminar room, the language of a sitting under the component 101 or lecturer not or only to attenuate, but to reflect on the ceiling and / or the walls into the audience. For this reason, the reflector plate 123 is preferably made of metal with a smooth surface.
  • FIG. 8 In the FIG. 8 is denoted by the letter A, the sound or voice source and the arrows P represent schematically the acoustic waves of a speaker's voice.
  • the area of the ceiling with the hatched area is covered with components 1 according to claims 1 to 6; the central area with simple hatching represents the components 1 with reflective inserts according to FIG. 9 and claims 7 and 8.
  • Such no longer sound-absorbing components 101 are arranged in school and seminar rooms in the area above, possibly also adjacent to the areas where the speaker or speakers, so that the language is reflected on the device 101 and is forwarded to the listener in the room ,
  • noises caused by the listeners in the room or from outside the room are absorbed by the remaining components 1 without reflecting membrane 123.
  • the Volume of the talking lecturer can be maintained and at the same time noise from the room and from the outside can be suitably insulated.

Description

Gegenstand der Erfindung ist ein vorgefertigtes Bauelement aus Holz gemäss Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 und ein Akustikwand- und -deckensystem gemäss Anspruch 9.The invention relates to a prefabricated component made of wood according to the preamble of patent claim 1 and an acoustic wall and ceiling system according to claim 9.

Bei der Erstellung von Bauten, insbesondere Bauten für Schulen, Restaurants oder öffentliche Räume stellt die Akustik ein grosses Problem dar. Insbesondere, wenn die Böden in solchen Gebäuden eine glatte Oberfläche aufweisen, wie beispielsweise Steinplatten oder Holzdielen.In the construction of buildings, especially buildings for schools, restaurants or public spaces, the acoustics is a major problem. Especially if the floors in such buildings have a smooth surface, such as stone slabs or wood flooring.

Aus dem Stand der Technik sind verschiedene Produkte zur Dämmung des Schalls bekannt. Einerseits können unter bestehende Decken Schallschutzplatten aus faserigen Materialien gehängt werden, die meist eine raue Oberfläche aufweisen. Ebenfalls bekannt sind Deckenplatten aus Holz, welche aus parallel nebeneinander liegenden Brettern bestehen, zwischen denen schalldämmende Elemente eingesetzt sind. Eine solche Holzdecke ist aus der DE 10 2014 000 686 A1 bekannt. Bei dieser sogenannten Dübelholzdecke sind die hochkantstehenden Bretter mit seitlichen Nuten versehen, in die die schallschluckenden Elemente eingesetzt sind. Oberhalb der schallschluckenden Elemente liegen die Seitenwangen der Bretter satt aufeinander und werden durch Dübel zusammengehalten. Unterhalb der schallschluckenden Elemente sind die Bretter schmaler ausgebildet, so dass ein von unten offener Schlitz erzeugt wird. Unterhalb der schallschluckenden Elemente ist zudem ein Vlies eingelegt, welches verhindert, dass Fasern aus dem schallschluckenden Element durch den Schlitz nach unten fallen können.Various products for the insulation of the sound are known from the prior art. On the one hand, sound insulation panels made of fibrous materials can be hung under existing ceilings, which usually have a rough surface. Also known are ceiling panels made of wood, which consist of parallel side by side boards, between which sound-absorbing elements are used. Such a wooden ceiling is from the DE 10 2014 000 686 A1 known. In this so-called dowel wood ceiling, the upright boards are provided with lateral grooves, in which the sound-absorbing elements are used. Above the sound-absorbing Elements are the side cheeks of the boards fed on each other and are held together by dowels. Below the sound-absorbing elements, the boards are narrower, so that a slot open from below is produced. Below the sound-absorbing elements, a non-woven fabric is additionally inserted, which prevents fibers from the sound-absorbing element from falling down through the slot.

Eine ähnliche Konstruktion, welche als Holzdeckenelement oder als Holzwandelement konzipiert ist, ist aus der EP 2 196 592 B1 bekannt. Bei diesem Element sind analog zur oben bezeichneten Ausführung Holzbretter nebeneinander angeordnet und durch Holzdübel miteinander verbunden. Auch bei dieser Holzdecke sind in seitlichen Nuten an den Brettern Schallschutzelemente eingelegt. Schlitze in den Brettern ermöglichen den Eintritt des Schalls von unten in die Schallschutzelemente, wo der Schall schlussendlich absorbiert wird.A similar construction, which is designed as a wooden ceiling element or as a wooden wall element, is from the EP 2 196 592 B1 known. In this element, wood boards are arranged side by side analogous to the above-mentioned embodiment and connected by wooden dowels. Even with this wooden ceiling sound insulation elements are inserted in lateral grooves on the boards. Slots in the boards allow the sound to enter from below into the soundproofing elements, where the sound is ultimately absorbed.

In einer weiteren bekannten Ausgestaltung eines Holzfertigbauelements gemäss EP 2 080 845 B1 sind zwischen rechteckförmigen Brettern schalldämmende Elemente eingelegt, die sich entweder über die gesamte Höhe der Bretter erstrecken oder nur über einen Teilbereich. In einer Ausführungsform sind einzelne Bretter bezüglich der benachbarten nach oben verschoben und überragen die Oberkanten der benachbarten Bretter und Schalldämmelemente. Unterhalb der jeweils nach oben verschobenen Bretter ergibt sich dadurch eine Nut, die seitlich von Schallschutzelemente gebildet wird. Dadurch sollen die in die Nuten eindringenden Schallwellen gedämmt werden.In a further known embodiment of a wood prefabricated element according to EP 2 080 845 B1 are inserted between rectangular boards sound-absorbing elements that extend either over the entire height of the boards or only over a partial area. In one embodiment, individual boards are shifted upwardly with respect to the adjacent ones and project beyond the upper edges of the adjacent boards and sound insulation elements. Below each up shifted boards results in a groove, which is formed laterally of soundproofing elements. This is intended to dampen the sound waves entering the grooves.

Eine befriedigende Lösung des Akustikproblems wird durch die bekannten Schutzrechte nicht offenbart.A satisfactory solution of the acoustic problem is not disclosed by the known property rights.

Weiter ist aus der DE 296 22 260 U1 eine Holzbautafel für Decken und Wände sowie Dächer bekannt, welche Mittel zur Trittschalldämmung aufweist, jedoch keine den Raumschall dämpfende Elemente umfasst, sondern die gegen den Raum gerichtete Seite der Holzbautafel ist durch eine glatte Deckplatte abgedeckt, welche keine dämmende Wirkung haben kann, sondern im Gegenteil schallreflektierend wirkt.Next is from the DE 296 22 260 U1 a wooden building board for ceilings and walls and roofs known which means for impact sound insulation, but does not include the sound attenuating elements, but the directed against the room side of the timber board is covered by a smooth cover plate, which may have no insulating effect, but on the contrary sound-reflecting effect.

Eine Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist die Schaffung eines vorgefertigten Bauelements mit einem möglichst hohen Schallabsorptionsgrad. Eine weitere Aufgabe ist die Schaffung eines Bauelements, mit dem zugleich eine tragende Decke erstellt werden kann, d.h. das Bauelement soll nicht nur optimale Schallabsorptionseigenschaften aufweisen, sondern sich direkt als Decke oder tragendes Element für ein darüber liegendes Stockwerk geeignet sein. Eine weitere Aufgabe ist die Schaffung eines Bauelements, das einerseits optimale Schallabsorptionseigenschaften aufweist und andererseits als verlorene Schalung mit statischen Eigenschaften für eine darüber zu erstellende Betondecke geeignet ist.An object of the present invention is to provide a prefabricated device having a highest possible degree of sound absorption. Another task is the Creation of a component with which at the same time a load-bearing ceiling can be created, ie the component should not only have optimal sound absorption properties, but be suitable directly as a ceiling or supporting element for an overlying floor. A further object is the provision of a component which, on the one hand, has optimum sound absorption properties and, on the other hand, is suitable as permanent formwork with static properties for a concrete floor to be created above it.

Eine weitere Aufgabe der Erfindung ist die Schaffung eines Akustikwand- und -deckensystems für Schul- und Seminarräume, welches einerseits optimalen Schallschutz gewährleistet und andererseits die Hörbarkeit der Stimme von Vortragenden nicht unterdrückt.Another object of the invention is to provide an acoustic wall and ceiling system for school and seminar rooms, which on the one hand ensures optimal sound insulation and on the other hand does not suppress the audibility of the speaker's voice.

Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe durch ein vorgefertigtes Bauelement gemäss den Merkmalen der Patentansprüche 1 und 9. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen des Bauelements sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen umschrieben.This object is achieved by a prefabricated component according to the features of patent claims 1 and 9. Advantageous embodiments of the component are described in the dependent claims.

Mit der erfindungsgemässen Anordnung lässt sich ein Akustik-Bauelement mit optimalen Schallschluck- bzw. Schallabsorptionswerten erreichen. Gleichzeitig verfügt das Bauelement über eine hohe Tragfestigkeit bei einer Verwendung direkt als Decke oder als verlorene Schalung für eine Holzbeton-Verbunddecke. Die gewünschte Schallabsorption lässt sich durch das Verhältnis der Breite der Bretter und der Breite der dazwischenliegenden schallabsorbierenden Platten an die jeweiligen Erfordernisse anpassen. Eine weitere Anpassungsmöglichkeit besteht durch das Mass der vertikalen Länge der Platten zwischen den Brettern.With the arrangement according to the invention, an acoustic component with optimal sound absorption or sound absorption values can be achieved. At the same time, the component has a high load-bearing capacity when used directly as a ceiling or as a permanent formwork for a wood-concrete composite ceiling. The desired sound absorption can be adapted to the respective requirements by the ratio of the width of the boards and the width of the intermediate sound-absorbing plates. Another possibility for adaptation consists of the measure of the vertical length of the boards between the boards.

Durch die geeignete Wahl der Breite und Höhe der Platten, welche die Absorption von Schallwellen übernehmen, lässt sich das Bauelement an die gegebenen gebäulichen Umstände anpassen. Durch einen zusätzlich zwischen zwei benachbarten Brettern unterhalb der dazwischen liegenden Platte angeordneten porösen Körper, lassen sich weitere Vorteile erzeugen, nämlich von den aus losen Fasern bestehenden Platten durch allfällige Erschütterungen sich ablösende Fasern werden zurückgehalten und können nicht in den Raum gelangen und andererseits kann bereits durch den porösen Körper ein Teil der Schallwellen absorbiert werden. Ein dazwischen liegender Raum verhindert die direkte Übertragung von Schwingungen des porösen Körpers, sofern solche auftreten, an die untere Stirnfläche der Platte.By appropriate choice of the width and height of the plates, which take over the absorption of sound waves, the device can be adapted to the given circling circumstances. By additionally arranged between two adjacent boards below the plate lying therebetween porous body, further advantages can be produced, namely of the loose fibers existing plates by any shocks peeling fibers are retained and can not get into the room and on the other hand can already by the porous body part of the sound waves are absorbed. An intervening space prevents the direct transmission of vibrations of the porous body, if any, to the lower face of the plate.

Durch das Einlegen einer Metallplatte über dem porösen Körper, der von aussen sichtbar ist, wird an dem sonst schallabsorbierenden Bauelementen nun der Schall, insbesondere der Stimmenschall, statt absorbiert, reflektiert. Dies ermöglicht, eine Decken- oder Wandverkleidung zu schaffen, die optisch über den gesamten Raum völlig einheitlich ausgestaltet ist, jedoch über den Sprechenden deren Stimme zu reflektieren und an die Zuhörer weiterzuleiten und gleichzeitig Geräusche aus dem Zuschauerbereich zu dämmen. Das Akustiksystem ist einfach im Aufbau, indem über den Sprechenden Platten mit reflektierenden Einlagen verlegt werden und die übrigen Bereiche des Raumes mit schallabsorbierenden Platten mit gleicher Optik.By inserting a metal plate over the porous body, which is visible from the outside, the sound, in particular the sound of voices instead of absorbed, is now reflected on the otherwise sound-absorbing components. This makes it possible to create a ceiling or wall paneling that is designed to be completely uniform throughout the room, but to reflect on the speaker's voice and to pass it on to the listeners, while at the same time silencing sounds from the audience area. The acoustics system is simple in design, laying over the speaker plates with reflective inserts and the remaining areas of the room with sound-absorbing panels with the same look.

Die schallabsorbierenden Platten können einteilig ausgeführt werden oder es können ein oder mehrere Zwischenräume freigelassen werden, in welchem Rohre für die Aufnahme von elektrischen Leitungen, Glasfasersträngen oder Rohre für Wasser zu Heizzwecken oder als Brauchwasser eingelegt werden können. Im Weiteren kann unterhalb einer durchgehenden lärmabsorbierenden Platte, oder einer solchen die aufgeteilt ist in mehrere einzelne Platten, ein Lichtband, beispielsweise ein LED bestücktes Lichtband, eingesetzt werden.The sound-absorbing panels can be made in one piece or one or more spaces can be left free, in which pipes for receiving electrical cables, glass fiber strands or pipes for water for heating purposes or as process water can be inserted. Furthermore, below a continuous sound absorbing plate, or a those which is divided into several individual plates, a light band, for example, a LED populated light strip, are used.

Anhand illustrierter Ausführungsbeispiele wird die Erfindung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Figur 1
einen Vertikalschnitt durch ein schmales Bauelement mit drei Brettern; Platte beabstandet zum porösen Körper,
Figur 2
einen Vertikalschnitt durch ein Bauelement mit Platten zwischen den Brettern mit gleicher Breite wie die Bretter und Platten, die auf dem porösen Körper aufliegen,
Figur 3
einen Vertikalschnitt durch ein weiteres Bauelement, bei dem die Verhältnisse der Höhe zur Breite wesentlich grösser ist als in den Figuren 1 und 2,
Figur 4
ein Vertikalschnitt durch ein weiteres Bauelement, bei welchem die Platten auf den porösen Körper anliegen,
Figur 5
einen Vertikalschnitt durch ein weiteres Bauelement mit einer Platte aus einem weiteren schalldämmenden Material mit im Verhältnis zur Breite der Platte grosser Höhe,
Figur 6
einen Vertikalschnitt durch ein weiteres Bauelement mit einer Platte aus einem weiteren schalldämmenden Material mit im Verhältnis zur Höhe der Platte grosser Breite,
Figur 7
eine perspektivische Darstellung eines Bauelements,
Figur 8
eine schematische Darstellung eines Raums mit einer Decke gemäss der Erfindung und
Figur 9
einen Vertikalschnitt durch ein Bauelement mit einer Reflektorplatte.
Based on illustrated embodiments, the invention will be explained in more detail. Show it:
FIG. 1
a vertical section through a narrow component with three boards; Plate spaced from the porous body,
FIG. 2
a vertical section through a device with plates between the boards with the same width as the boards and plates, which rest on the porous body,
FIG. 3
a vertical section through another component in which the ratios of the height to the width is substantially greater than in the Figures 1 and 2 .
FIG. 4
a vertical section through another component, in which the plates rest on the porous body,
FIG. 5
a vertical section through another component with a plate made of a further sound-absorbing material in relation to the width of the plate of great height,
FIG. 6
a vertical section through another component with a plate made of a further sound-absorbing material with respect to the height of the plate wide width,
FIG. 7
a perspective view of a device,
FIG. 8
a schematic representation of a room with a ceiling according to the invention and
FIG. 9
a vertical section through a device with a reflector plate.

In den Figuren ist mit Bezugszeichen 1 ein vorgefertigtes Bauelement bezeichnet. Das Bauelement 1 umfasst eine Mehrzahl von hochkant angeordneten Brettern 3, welche aus Vollholz oder Schichtholz bestehen. Die Bretter 3 weisen eine Breite a und eine Höhe h auf. Weiter sind entlang der Seitenflächen im Bereich der unteren Kante 5 der Bretter 3 beabstandet zu letzteren beidseitig Nuten 7 eingelassen. Die Nuten 7 weisen eine Tiefe c und eine Basisbreite d auf. Die Nuten 7 liegen in einem Abstand e von der Kante 5. Jedes Brett 3 ist folglich beidseitig mit einer Nut 7 versehen und weist als Ganzes einen rechteckförmigen Querschnitt auf, der sich von der unteren Kante 5 bis zur oberen Kante 9 erstreckt.In the figures, reference numeral 1 denotes a prefabricated component. The component 1 comprises a plurality of vertically arranged boards 3, which consist of solid wood or plywood. The boards 3 have a width a and a height h. Next, the boards 3 are spaced along the side surfaces in the region of the lower edge 5 to the latter on both sides grooves 7 embedded. The grooves 7 have a depth c and a base width d. The grooves 7 are at a distance e from the edge 5. Each board 3 is thus provided on both sides with a groove 7 and has as a whole a rectangular cross-section which extends from the lower edge 5 to the upper edge 9.

Zwischen den nebeneinander angeordneten Brettern 3 ist eine aus organischen oder anorganischen Fasern aufgebaute schallabsorbierende Platte 11 eingesetzt. Die ebenfalls einen rechteckförmigen Querschnitt aufweisende Platte 11 erstreckt sich zwischen der oberen Kante 9 und der oberen Flanke ok der Nut 7, vorzugsweise endet die Platte 11 in einem Abstand oberhalb der Nut 7. Vorzugsweise ist die oben zu liegen kommende freie Fläche der Platte 11 geringfügig gegenüber der oberen Kante 9 des Bretts 3 zurückversetzt. Die untere Stirnfläche 15 der Platte 11 kann, wie in Figur 4 dargestellt, mit den oberen Kanten ok der Nuten 7 fluchten oder, wie in den Figuren 1 bis 3 sowie 5 bis 7 ersichtlich ist, nach oben versetzt dazu liegen.Between the juxtaposed boards 3, a sound absorbing plate 11 made of organic or inorganic fibers is inserted. The same a rectangular cross-section plate 11 extends between the upper edge 9 and the upper edge ok of the groove 7, preferably the plate 11 ends at a distance above the groove 7. Preferably, the above-lying free surface of the plate 11 is slightly opposite to the set back the upper edge 9 of the board 3. The lower end face 15 of the plate 11 can, as in FIG. 4 shown aligned with the upper edges ok of the grooves 7 or, as in the FIGS. 1 to 3 and 5 to 7 can be seen, offset upwards to lie.

Zwischen den sich gegenüberliegenden Nuten 7 jeweils zweier benachbarter Bretter 3, ist ein poröser Körper 17 eingelegt. In den Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung gemäss den Figuren 1 bis 3 sowie 5 und 6 ist die oben liegende Oberfläche des Körpers 17 beabstandet zur unteren Stirnfläche 15 der Platte 17, so dass zwischen dem Körper 17 und der Platte 11 ein Zwischenraum 19 entsteht. Der Körper 17 kann sich über die gesamte Höhe bzw. Breite d der Basis der Nut 7 erstrecken; er kann auch einzig auf der unteren Seitenflanke uk der Nut 7 anliegen und eine Dicke aufweisen, die kleiner ist, als die Grundbreite d der Nut 7.Between the opposing grooves 7 each two adjacent boards 3, a porous body 17 is inserted. In the embodiments of the invention according to the FIGS. 1 to 3 and 5 and 6, the upper surface of the body 17 is spaced from the lower end surface 15 of the plate 17, so that between the body 17 and the plate 11, a gap 19 is formed. The body 17 may extend over the entire height or width d of the base of the groove 7; it can also rest only on the lower side edge uk of the groove 7 and have a thickness which is smaller than the basic width d of the groove. 7

Die Verbindungen zwischen den parallel nebeneinander liegenden Brettern 3 und den dazwischen angeordneten Brettern 3 und Platten 11 erfolgen durch in den Figuren schematisch dargestellte Holzdübel 21. Die Holzdübel 21 können sich entweder von Brett 3 zu Brett 3 und die Platte 11 durchdringend angeordnet sein oder vorzugsweise sich über eine grössere Anzahl, z.B. sechs Bretter 3 und fünf Platten 11 erstrecken. Das Einfügen der Dübel 21 erfolgt durch Bohren der übereinander geschichteten Bretter 3 und Platten 11 und durch Einpressen eines entsprechend langen Dübels 21, beispielsweise aus Buchenholz. Derart zusammengefügte Bretter 3 und Platten 11 liegen dicht aneinander und benötigen keine weitere Verbindung, beispielsweise mit einem Leim. Entlang der Bretter 3 bzw. Platten 11, die sich über einige Meter erstrecken können, werden in regelmässigen Abständen Dübel 21 eingefügt. Alternativ liessen sich die Elemente auch gegenseitig nur mit Leim verbinden oder durch eine Verschraubung. Ein Beispiel einer Verleimung oder Verschraubung ist nicht dargestellt. Die porösen Körper 17, welche zwischen den Nuten 7 eingelegt sind, können dort lose liegen oder, falls das Bauelement als Wandelement Verwendung findet, durch eine Leimschicht unverschiebbar in den Nuten 7 gehalten werden, damit der Körper 17 nicht durch sein Eigengewicht nach unten gleiten kann, insbesondere wenn das Bauelement 1 Erschütterungen ausgesetzt ist.The connections between the parallel side by side boards 3 and arranged therebetween boards 3 and plates 11 carried by schematically illustrated in the figures wooden dowel 21. The wooden dowels 21st can either be penetrating from board 3 to board 3 and the plate 11 or preferably extend over a larger number, eg six boards 3 and five plates 11. The insertion of the dowels 21 takes place by drilling the stacked boards 3 and plates 11 and by pressing a correspondingly long dowel 21, for example made of beech wood. Such assembled boards 3 and plates 11 are close together and need no further connection, for example with a glue. Along the boards 3 and plates 11, which may extend over a few meters, dowels 21 are inserted at regular intervals. Alternatively, the elements could also be mutually connected only with glue or by a screw connection. An example of a gluing or screwing is not shown. The porous body 17, which are inserted between the grooves 7, there may be loose or, if the device is used as a wall element use, are held immovably by a glue layer in the grooves 7, so that the body 17 can not slide by its own weight down , Especially when the device is exposed to vibrations 1.

Wie in Figur 3 dargestellt, können eine oder mehrere Platten 11 in der Höhe unterbrochen sein und einen Hohlraum 25 bilden. In einen solchen Hohlraum 25 können Rohre oder Leitungen eingelegt werden, welche für verschiedene Zwecke der Hausinstallation dienen.As in FIG. 3 shown, one or more plates 11 may be interrupted in height and form a cavity 25. In such a cavity 25 can Pipes or lines are inserted, which serve for various purposes of domestic installation.

Die Platten 11, welche vorzugsweise aus einem faserigen Material, wie Holzfaser oder anorganischen Fasern aus Stein oder Glas hergestellt sind, dienen der Absorption von Geräuschen aus dem Raum, in dem die Bauelemente 1 als Deckenelemente oder/und als Wandelemente angeordnet sind. Dabei fungieren die porösen Körper 17 einerseits ebenfalls als Schalldämmung und andererseits verhindern sie, dass von den darüber liegenden faserigen Platten 11, lose Fasern austreten und zu Boden fallen können. Im Weiteren lassen sich mit der farblichen Gestaltung der porösen Körper 17 optische Effekte erzeugen, die die Flächen der als Wand- oder Bodenelemente verwendeten Bauelemente 1 unterbrechen.The plates 11, which are preferably made of a fibrous material such as wood fiber or inorganic fibers of stone or glass, serve to absorb noise from the room in which the components 1 are arranged as ceiling elements and / or as wall elements. On the one hand, the porous bodies 17 also act as sound insulation and on the other hand they prevent loose fibers from escaping from the overlying fibrous plates 11 and can fall to the floor. In addition, 17 can produce optical effects with the color design of the porous body, which interrupt the surfaces of the components used as wall or floor elements 1.

Anstelle einer farblichen Gestaltung der porösen Körper 17 oder alternativ dazu, können unter diesem Streifen von LED Elemente angeordnet sein, welche zur Beleuchtung des darunterliegenden Raums dienen.Instead of a colored design of the porous body 17 or alternatively, can be arranged under this strip of LED elements, which serve to illuminate the underlying space.

Weist die Platte 11, die zwischen zwei Brettern 3 zu liegen kommt, die gleiche Breite b auf wie die Breite a der Bretter 3, so ist das Absorptionsvolumen des Körpers 11 in der Lage, einen Absorptionsgrad von 0,75 zu erreichen. Dies kann insbesondere erreicht werden, weil der Querschnitt der Platte 11 dem Querschnitt der Öffnung zwischen den seitlichen Kanten der Bretter 3 entspricht. Ein etwas geringerer Absorptionsgrad wird erreicht, wenn die Breite b der Platte 11 etwa der Hälfte der Breite a des Bretts 3 entspricht. Der hohe Schallabsorptionsgrad kann erreicht werden, wenn die Platte 11 sich im Wesentlichen über die gesamte Höhe des Bretts 3 erstreckt, welche oberhalb der Nuten 7 liegt.If the plate 11, which comes to lie between two boards 3, has the same width b as the width a of the boards 3, then the absorption volume of the body 11 is able to reach an absorption degree of 0.75. This can be achieved in particular because the cross section of the plate 11 corresponds to the cross section of the opening between the lateral edges of the boards 3. A slightly lower degree of absorption is achieved when the width b of the plate 11 corresponds to about half the width a of the board 3. The high degree of sound absorption can be achieved when the plate 11 extends substantially over the entire height of the board 3, which lies above the grooves 7.

Als optimale Werte für die Abmessungen der Bretter 3 und der Platten 11, haben sich folgende Werte ergeben: a 30 mm bis 60 mm, vorzugsweise 40 mm; Höhe h 100 mm bis 300 mm, vorzugsweise 160 mm bis 260 mm.The optimum values for the dimensions of the boards 3 and the plates 11 are as follows: a 30 mm to 60 mm, preferably 40 mm; Height h 100 mm to 300 mm, preferably 160 mm to 260 mm.

Die Figur 9 zeigt einen Vertikalschnitt durch ein vorgefertigtes Bauelement 101, dessen Aufbau denjenigen Bauelementen entspricht, wie sie in den Figuren 1 bis 7 dargestellt und beschrieben worden sind. Im Unterschied ist in dieser Ausführungsform über dem porösen Körper 7 eine Reflektorplatte 123 eingesetzt. Die Reflektorplatte 123 kann direkt auf dem porösen Körper 17 aufliegen und gleichzeitig auch an der Unterseite der Platte 11. Alternativ kann zwischen der Reflektorplatte 123 und dem porösen Köper 17 und/oder der Platte 11 ein Spalt vorhanden sein.The FIG. 9 shows a vertical section through a prefabricated component 101, whose structure corresponds to those components, as shown in the FIGS. 1 to 7 have been shown and described. In contrast, a reflector plate 123 is inserted over the porous body 7 in this embodiment. The reflector plate 123 may rest directly on the porous body 17 and at the same time on the underside of the plate 11. Alternatively, there may be a gap between the reflector plate 123 and the porous body 17 and / or the plate 11.

In dieser Ausgestaltung der Erfindung dient der poröse Körper 17 im Wesentlichen nur noch der Optik, das heisst die Ansicht auf das Bauelement 101 entspricht genau denjenigen, die in den Figuren 1 bis 7 beschrieben worden sind. Die Reflektormembran 123 selbst hat hier die Aufgabe, z.B. in einem Schul- oder Seminarraum die Sprache eines unter dem Bauelement 101 sitzenden oder stehenden Vortragenden nicht oder nur zu dämpfen, sondern über die Decke und/oder die Wände ins Publikum zu reflektieren. Aus diesem Grunde ist die Reflektorplatte 123 vorzugsweise aus Metall mit einer glatten Oberfläche.In this embodiment of the invention, the porous body 17 is essentially only the optics, that is the view of the device 101 corresponds exactly to those in the FIGS. 1 to 7 have been described. The reflector membrane 123 itself has the task here, for example, in a school or seminar room, the language of a sitting under the component 101 or lecturer not or only to attenuate, but to reflect on the ceiling and / or the walls into the audience. For this reason, the reflector plate 123 is preferably made of metal with a smooth surface.

In der Figur 8 ist mit dem Buchstaben A die Ton- oder Sprachquelle bezeichnet und die Pfeile P stellen schematisch die Akustikwellen der Stimme eines Vortragenden dar. Der Bereich der Decke mit der schraffierten Fläche ist bedeckt mit Bauelementen 1 gemäss den Ansprüchen 1 bis 6; der zentrale Bereich mit einfacher Schraffur stellt die Bauelemente 1 mit reflektierenden Einsätzen gemäss Figur 9 und den Ansprüchen 7 und 8 dar.In the FIG. 8 is denoted by the letter A, the sound or voice source and the arrows P represent schematically the acoustic waves of a speaker's voice. The area of the ceiling with the hatched area is covered with components 1 according to claims 1 to 6; the central area with simple hatching represents the components 1 with reflective inserts according to FIG. 9 and claims 7 and 8.

Derart nicht mehr schallschluckende Bauelemente 101 werden in Schul- und Seminarräumen im Bereich über, allenfalls auch neben den Bereichen, wo sich der oder die Sprechenden aufhalten, angeordnet, so dass die Sprache an dem Bauelement 101 reflektiert wird und an die Zuhörer im Raum weitergeleitet wird. Geräusche, verursacht durch die Zuhörer im Raum oder auch von ausserhalb des Raums werden jedoch durch die übrigen Bauelemente 1 ohne reflektierende Membran 123 absorbiert. Durch diese Massnahme kann die Lautstärke der sprechenden vortragenden Personen aufrechterhalten werden und gleichzeitig können Geräusche aus dem Raum und von aussen in geeigneter Weise gedämmt werden.Such no longer sound-absorbing components 101 are arranged in school and seminar rooms in the area above, possibly also adjacent to the areas where the speaker or speakers, so that the language is reflected on the device 101 and is forwarded to the listener in the room , However, noises caused by the listeners in the room or from outside the room are absorbed by the remaining components 1 without reflecting membrane 123. By this measure, the Volume of the talking lecturer can be maintained and at the same time noise from the room and from the outside can be suitably insulated.

Claims (10)

  1. A prefabricated building element (1) made of wood for the production of acoustic walls or acoustic ceilings in buildings, comprising a plurality of boards (3) arranged next to one another and connected together, with an upper edge (9) and a lower edge (5) and a sound-absorbing plate (11) inserted in each case between the boards (3), and porous members (17) fitted in each case between lateral grooves (7) in the boards (3),
    characterized in that
    - the boards (3) are rectangular in cross-section,
    - the grooves (7) extending along the board (3) are let into the side faces of the boards (3) spaced apart from the lower edge (5),
    - at least one of the sound-absorbing plates (11) of rectangular cross-section is inserted between two neighbouring boards (3) and extends between the upper edges (9) of the neighbouring plates (3) and the upper flanks (ok) of the grooves (7),
    - the plate (11) holds the boards (3) in a mutually spaced position and
    - the porous members (17) are fitted into the grooves (7) and rest on the bottom edges (uk) of the grooves (7).
  2. The building element according to Claim 1, characterized in that the width a of the boards (3) is greater than or equal to the width b of the sound-absorbing plate (11), preferably the width a of the boards is one to two times the width b of the plate (11).
  3. The building element according to Claim 2, characterized in that the width a amounts to 30 mm to 60 mm and the height h to 100 mm to 300 mm.
  4. The building element according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that an interspace (19) is present between the lower edge (15) of the plate (11) and the top of the porous member (17).
  5. The building element according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that one of the porous members (17), the height of which is less than or equal to the vertical extent of one of the grooves (7), is fitted into the grooves (7).
  6. The building element according to any one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the boards (3) and the plates (11) inserted between the boards (3) are held together by wooden dowels (21), by nails, screws and/or by mutual adhesive bonding.
  7. The building element (101) according to any one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that a membrane or plate (123) is inserted on or over the porous member (17).
  8. The building element (101) according to Claim 7, characterized in that the membrane (123) has a sound-reflecting surface at the bottom.
  9. The building element according to any one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that a cavity (25) or a plurality of cavities (25) is/are formed in one or more plates (11) to accommodate pipes or glass fibre carriers.
  10. An acoustic wall or ceiling system for classrooms and seminar rooms, comprising a plurality of building elements (1) according to any one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, in the area above and/or to the side of the position of the building elements (101) with reflecting membranes (123) are arranged and in that in the other areas of the room building elements (1) without reflecting plates (123) are installed.
EP17207085.6A 2016-12-16 2017-12-13 Prefabricated building element made of wood and an acoustic wall and ceiling system Active EP3336272B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH01673/16A CH713253A2 (en) 2016-12-16 2016-12-16 Prefabricated wooden construction element for creating acoustic walls or acoustic ceilings in buildings.
CH00311/17A CH713303A2 (en) 2016-12-16 2017-03-15 Prefabricated wooden building and acoustic wall and acoustic ceiling system.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3336272A1 EP3336272A1 (en) 2018-06-20
EP3336272B1 true EP3336272B1 (en) 2019-07-17

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Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE29622260U1 (en) * 1996-12-21 1997-02-06 Lignotrend Holzblocktafel Syst Wooden construction board for ceilings, walls and roofs
DE10122265B4 (en) * 2001-05-08 2008-08-14 Lignotrend Ag A wooden panel
DE202008000895U1 (en) 2008-01-21 2008-05-08 Kazenwadel, Dieter Solid-wood ceiling element
DE202008016455U1 (en) 2008-12-15 2009-04-16 Inholz GmbH Holzdübel-Elemente Wooden ceiling element or wooden wall element made of assembled wooden boards
DE102014000686A1 (en) 2014-01-17 2015-07-23 Kaufmann Gmbh Dowel wooden ceiling Quedo-Plus

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