EP1914040A2 - Verfahren und Anlagen zum Kugelstrahlen - Google Patents

Verfahren und Anlagen zum Kugelstrahlen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1914040A2
EP1914040A2 EP07118696A EP07118696A EP1914040A2 EP 1914040 A2 EP1914040 A2 EP 1914040A2 EP 07118696 A EP07118696 A EP 07118696A EP 07118696 A EP07118696 A EP 07118696A EP 1914040 A2 EP1914040 A2 EP 1914040A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rotor
acoustic assembly
machine
support system
projectiles
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP07118696A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1914040A3 (de
EP1914040B1 (de
Inventor
Patrick Cheppe
Vincent Desfontaine
Jean-Michel Duchazeaubeneix
Philippe Jacob
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sonats - Nouvelles Applications Des Techniques De Surfaces Ste
Original Assignee
Sonats - Nouvelles Applications Des Techniques De Surfaces Ste
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by Sonats - Nouvelles Applications Des Techniques De Surfaces Ste filed Critical Sonats - Nouvelles Applications Des Techniques De Surfaces Ste
Publication of EP1914040A2 publication Critical patent/EP1914040A2/de
Publication of EP1914040A3 publication Critical patent/EP1914040A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1914040B1 publication Critical patent/EP1914040B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
    • B24C1/10—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for compacting surfaces, e.g. shot-peening
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C5/00—Devices or accessories for generating abrasive blasts
    • B24C5/005—Vibratory devices, e.g. for generating abrasive blasts by ultrasonic vibrations
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
    • C21D7/02—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working
    • C21D7/04—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface
    • C21D7/06—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface by shot-peening or the like
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to shot blasting processes and installations comprising an acoustic assembly and projectiles set in motion by the acoustic assembly.
  • WO 02/24411 discloses a method of blasting blades on a rotor blade.
  • the disc is not secured to other rotor components of the machine during processing.
  • Such a method is not suitable for in situ treatment of the machine.
  • EP 1 207 014 discloses a method of ultrasonically blasting annular vane attachment cells on a rotor rim.
  • the rim is treated in isolation, isolated from the other components of the rotor.
  • the patent US 6,343,495 discloses a portable device for locally blasting a workpiece in order to introduce compressive stresses or to modify its surface state.
  • the invention aims, among others, to meet this need.
  • the treatment can take place on site, for example in a plant or near the aircraft equipped with the machine, or in the factory but in both cases on an at least partially assembled rotor.
  • rotor at least partially assembled it is to be understood that the rotor has not been completely extracted from the stator of the machine or that the rotor is not mounted in the stator but not completely disassembled, the part of the rotor being treated being example assembled with other rotor components such as one or more disc (s) or housing (s) and / or shaft (s) and / or cable (s).
  • the rotor may comprise at least a majority of the components that equip it when the rotor is in position ready for operation in the rotary machine.
  • the rotor is thus not limited, during its treatment, to a single blisk or a rim, unlike WO 02/24411 and EP 1 207 014 .
  • the method according to the invention can allow in situ treatment , when the rotor is in place with the machine on an aircraft or in a central, for example.
  • the treatment may be intended for example to introduce compressive stresses to prevent the propagation of cracks on the part in its existing geometry or after new machining thereof to repair or make a change in its shape.
  • the rotor may or may not comprise, at its periphery, cells for fixing fins (also called blades or blades) by cooperation of shapes between each cell and the foot of the corresponding fin.
  • the fixing of the support system on the rotor can be performed elsewhere than in the current cell to be treated, for example in a cell adjacent to the current cell.
  • the support system comprises an articulation allowing the rotation of the acoustic assembly at least about an axis of rotation, which may coincide with that of the rotor.
  • the acoustic set can for example, be rotated at least 360 ° about the axis of rotation of the rotor, depending for example on the geometry and location of the region to be treated.
  • the method according to the invention is suitable for example for treating a gas turbine rotor or steam, including an aircraft turbine or a land turbine.
  • the treated region comprises for example an edge defined by the junction of a transverse rotor surface, for example perpendicular to the axis of rotation, and a surface, for example cylindrical or conical, of revolution about the axis of rotation. rotation.
  • the acoustic assembly can be positioned opposite the edge and rotated along it.
  • the acoustic assembly comprises a vibrating surface on which the projectiles bounce which is for example flat, concave, convex, conical, pyramidal, bowl-shaped or otherwise.
  • a normal to the vibrating surface is for example oriented at approximately 45 ° with respect to the axis of rotation of the rotor. Other orientations are possible depending on the geometry of the vibrating surface and that of the treated region.
  • the orientation of the vibrating surface relative to the axis of rotation of the rotor may be variable in time, for example to be able to more easily handle a complex geometry.
  • the treated region may also be located on a central bore of the rotor or elsewhere, for example in a possible peripheral cell, on a leading edge of the rotor or stator, on a blade, in particular a blade of a monobloc rotor and more generally on any surface requiring a local or complete blasting treatment, for example a surface extending or not over a whole revolution.
  • the method according to the invention may be limited, if necessary, to a local retouching.
  • the operation of the acoustic assembly may be permanent or not during the treatment of the region concerned.
  • At least a first treatment of a first region of the machine for example a first cell
  • a second treatment can take place on a second region of the machine, for example a second cell, circumferentially distant from the first region, with a relative movement of the machine and the acoustic assembly between the two treatments, the acoustic assembly having an interrupted operation between the two treatments.
  • An acoustic assembly may include one or more sonotrodes.
  • An acoustic assembly may for example comprise several sonotrodes arranged side by side so as to treat an extended region, for example to treat a cell over its entire length.
  • the axes of the various acoustic stacks associated with the sonotrodes are non-coplanar, for example to be able to treat a cell extending along a curvilinear longitudinal axis.
  • the axes of the different acoustic stacks can be parallel to each other.
  • the sonotrodes may belong to respective acoustic stacks which are for example carried by a common room.
  • the attachment of an acoustic stack to this part can be performed at a vibration node.
  • the sonotrodes may have vibrating surfaces against which projectiles come, which are elongated, in particular rectangular.
  • the major axes of two adjacent vibrating surfaces may form an angle.
  • a wedge-shaped seal may be disposed between two adjacent sonotrodes to prevent projectiles from engaging between the sonotrodes.
  • sonotrodes having vibrating surfaces of substantially rectangular shape may allow to benefit from a relatively high intensity of treatment.
  • the support system can be fixed, in general, both on the stator and on the rotor. Fixing on the rotor may nevertheless be preferable in certain situations, especially when it is the rotor that must be treated.
  • the support system is for example fixed in a central bore of the rotor, when such a bore exists.
  • Fixing in a central bore can simplify the rotation of the acoustic assembly around the axis of rotation of the rotor. This may also allow, if necessary, to use the support to seal the bore and prevent projectiles from accidentally entering an interior space of the machine.
  • the fixation can still take place in a peripheral cell, when it is a question of treating at least partially one or more peripheral cells.
  • the correct positioning of the support system on the rotor is detected automatically and the operation of the or acoustic sets in case of misplacement.
  • This automatic detection can further reduce the duration of the intervention by reducing the checks performed by the operator before the introduction of the projectiles and / or the operation of the or acoustic sets.
  • Any means of detection can be used for this purpose, relying for example on the use of one or more contactors or resistive sensors, capacitive, inductive or optical or other.
  • the support system may comprise a motor for moving, for example rotating, the acoustic assembly relative to the rotor.
  • the acoustic assembly can be moved manually.
  • the displacement of the acoustic assembly, for example the rotation drive, can be carried out continuously or in increments.
  • the motor can be fixed relative to the machine.
  • the motor may be movable relative to the machine, being for example mounted in a part of the support system moving with the acoustic assembly, for example rotating with it.
  • the support system can come into contact with the machine over a relatively large area.
  • the contact may be made in an ad hoc manner, for example according to at least three points when a possibility of centering is provided.
  • the support system may comprise a first fixed part relative to the machine, and a second part, movable relative to this first part, with at least one articulation interposed between the fixed part and the mobile part, the acoustic assembly being worn. by the second part.
  • the support system is arranged to allow adjustment of the centering of the second portion relative to the first.
  • the aforementioned articulation may comprise one or more bearings.
  • the support system may comprise means for detecting the movement of the second part relative to the first part, for example an encoder.
  • the support system can be attached to the rotor to process a region of the stator.
  • the displacement of the acoustic assembly may result, if necessary, relative displacement of the rotor relative to the stator.
  • the rotor has a central bore, which may be the case for example of an aircraft engine rotor, it may be advantageous to have in this central bore a safety barrier to reduce the risk of projectiles do not escape through the central bore in the machine and do not need to dismount it for recovery.
  • the safety barrier may be equipped with detection means sensitive to the positioning of the barrier on the rotor.
  • the operation of the acoustic assembly can be prevented in the event of detection of a bad positioning, likely to entail a risk of projectile loss.
  • the detection means may comprise one or more resistive, capacitive, inductive, optical or other contactors or sensors.
  • the safety barrier can be fixed in various ways on the rotor, for example by radial expansion or by means of at least one locking element which can come for example to bear on a shoulder of the bore, for example behind a protruding rib in the bore.
  • the safety barrier can still be maintained by other means such as for example an adhesive tape, an adhesive or one or more magnets.
  • the invention still applies, inter alia, to the treatment of a rotor comprising a plurality of peripheral cells for fastening fins, for example a gas turbine or steam turbine rotor, intended for the production of mechanical and / or electrical energy.
  • the cells can be treated successively, each individually or in groups of cells.
  • the support system is arranged to settle elsewhere than in the current cell to be treated.
  • Communication cell refers to the cell in which the projectiles are located when the acoustic assembly is operating and the support system is in place on the machine. Fixing the support system elsewhere than in the current cell can treat it completely, if desired.
  • holes open into the cells and serve for example to channel a cooling air flow or a lubricant. It may be desirable to close the hole of each common cell to be treated, to prevent projectiles from escaping through this hole during treatment.
  • This shutter can advantageously be carried out in some cases by means of a shutter system independent of the support system. The fact that the shutter system is independent of the support system may have the advantage of facilitating the adaptation of the closure system to the hole despite dimensional variations likely to occur on certain rotors.
  • the closure system may in particular comprise at least one closure member implemented by being introduced into a cell other than the current cell.
  • a shutter member may comprise at least one contactor arranged to change state when the shutter member is in a hole closure configuration.
  • the introduction of projectiles into the treatment chamber may take place manually or automatically, the operator moving for example a movable shutter in the treatment chamber between a first projectile confinement position out of the region to be treated and a second position allowing the projectiles to reach the area to be treated.
  • the movable shutter is prevented from moving in the second position as long as the detection means present on the installation indicate a risk of projectile loss.
  • a shutter locking member is for example provided for this purpose, especially in the case where the shutter can be moved manually.
  • the control of its displacement can be inactivated as long as the aforementioned risk exists.
  • Missile loss detection means may be located on primary speaker forming members which define with the vibrating surface and the treated region the processing chamber where the projectiles remain trapped throughout the treatment.
  • Other detection means may also be located on formation elements of a secondary enclosure located outside the primary enclosure.
  • the fastening system can be arranged to be fixed elsewhere than in the current cell to be treated, for example in an adjacent cell.
  • the support system may comprise a portion arranged to attach to the rotor, for example in a central bore thereof. Fixing can be done for example through an expansion of part of the support system.
  • the support system may comprise at least one articulation allowing a rotation of the acoustic assembly around an axis of rotation coinciding with the axis of rotation of the rotor.
  • the support system may include a centering system for aligning an axis of rotation of the acoustic assembly with the axis of rotation of the rotor.
  • the support system may be arranged to allow movement of the acoustic assembly along the longitudinal axis thereof and / or adjustment of the orientation of the longitudinal axis of the acoustic assembly, including the orientation relative to the axis of rotation.
  • These adjustment means may allow to move the acoustic assembly relative to the support system depending on the geometry of the machine and that of the region to be blasted.
  • the support system may comprise primary chamber forming elements defining with the vibrating surface and the treated region the processing chamber.
  • These elements of formation of the primary enclosure may be provided with at least one detector for detecting the sufficient closure of the treatment chamber, for example detecting that the possible play between at least one element of primary speaker formation and the piece to be treated is smaller than the dimension of a projectile, in particular less than or equal to half the diameter of a projectile.
  • the support system may also include secondary enclosure forming elements, outside the primary enclosure, intended to provide additional protection against the risk of accidental departure of a projectile from the chamber treatment formed by the primary enclosure.
  • These secondary enclosure forming elements may comprise at least one detector intended to detect a sufficient closure of the secondary enclosure to prevent the projectiles from leaving, for example detecting the support of the secondary enclosure forming elements against the machine. process and / or the support system.
  • the detectors used for both the primary and secondary speaker forming elements may comprise at least one contactor, for example of the micro-switch type, or an inductive, capacitive or resistive sensor, or even an optical sensor.
  • the primary or secondary enclosure forming elements can be biased towards a closed position of the corresponding enclosure by at least one elastic return member, such as for example a spring.
  • the installation may include a protection system against external shocks, defining a space containing the acoustic assembly.
  • This impact protection system may not be projectile-proof, being intended at least to limit the risk of an accidental collision of an operator or an object against the acoustic assembly, which collision could modify the position of the acoustic assembly and / or the support system relative to the machine and cause the accidental departure of projectiles.
  • the impact protection system may comprise a lower non-perforated part in order to recover a projectile which has fallen into it.
  • This non-perforated part may be terminated inferiorly by a projectile recovery cap.
  • the impact protection system may include in the upper part one or more bars, or even a grid or a transparent wall for visual access to the acoustic assembly.
  • the impact protection system may be equipped with detection means which make it possible to detect the correct positioning of the protection system vis-à-vis the machine to be treated.
  • These detection means may for example comprise a detector which is sensitive to a support of the protection system against the machine, for example a switch which changes state by bearing on the rotor when the system is correctly positioned.
  • the installation may comprise, as mentioned above, a safety barrier to be arranged in a bore of the rotor in order to close the latter.
  • the support system may comprise at least one detector prohibiting the operation of the acoustic assembly in the event of mis-positioning of the support system.
  • this detector may for example comprise a contactor changing state by bearing against the rotor when the support system is correctly positioned.
  • the installation can still be arranged, for example, to treat the central bore of the rotor or cells located at the periphery of the rotor.
  • the support system may in particular comprise an arm, articulated or not, the end of which is arranged to fix, by cooperation of shapes, in a cell adjacent to the current cell.
  • This arm may for example have an end having a shape complementary to the cell and be engaged therein by sliding movement.
  • the support system may comprise one or more slides for moving the acoustic assembly relative to the current cell to bring it closer to or away from the bottom of this cell and / or move it along the cell.
  • the installation may comprise one or more shutter elements placed in the current cell and / or close thereto, so as to define a treatment chamber.
  • This or these closure elements are for example arranged, at least for some, to conform to the shape of one or more flanks of the current cell.
  • the installation may comprise one or more closure elements arranged to slide in the cell and arranged on both sides of a vibrating surface of the acoustic assembly.
  • closure elements can be moved along the cell as and when the treatment thereof, being for example integral with the acoustic assembly and / or a portion of the support system.
  • the installation may include several acoustic assemblies.
  • the installation may comprise several sonotrodes arranged side by side with, where appropriate, a clearance between them less than the diameter of a projectile. These various sonotrodes arranged side by side may follow a curvilinear path to treat a cell whose longitudinal axis is curvilinear.
  • the sonotrodes are for example supported by acoustic stacks joined by a holding piece. Fixing each acoustic stack to the room For example, it is located at a vibration node of the acoustic stack.
  • At least two sonotrodes may have vibrating surfaces, on which the projectiles rebound, which are of substantially rectangular shape, of large side oriented along a major axis.
  • a seal may be disposed between two adjacent sonotrodes to prevent projectiles from engaging between the sonotrodes and / or to decrease surface discontinuities between the sonotrodes.
  • the invention further relates, in another of its aspects, an acoustic assembly having a plurality of sonotrodes arranged side by side.
  • the axes of the acoustic stacks comprising these sonotrodes may be non-coplanar while being able to remain parallel to each other. These axes are for example sequential with the longitudinal axis of a cell to be treated, in which the sonotrodes are partially engaged.
  • the sonotrodes may have vibrating surfaces having substantially rectangular shapes.
  • a seal may be disposed between two adjacent sonotrodes, this joint being able to have a wedge shape.
  • the rotating machine M shown in Figure 1 comprises a rotor R rotatable relative to a stator S about an axis of rotation X.
  • This machine M is for example a gas or steam turbine, for example an aircraft engine, whose rotor R has not been completely extracted from the stator S.
  • the machine M is for example in place in its environment of use, for example in the central or on an aircraft wing, in which case the invention is implemented in situ.
  • the machine M may still have been dismounted from an aircraft and placed on a not shown cradle, which may be the case for example of an aircraft engine.
  • the rotor R may not have been completely extracted from the stator S.
  • the rotor R can still be extracted completely from the stator S but not completely disassembled.
  • the machine M may have to undergo a shot blasting treatment on a predefined region, for example a local shot peening treatment following the detection of a crack or defect, or a more complete treatment, for example a leading edge.
  • a shot blasting treatment on a predefined region for example a local shot peening treatment following the detection of a crack or defect, or a more complete treatment, for example a leading edge.
  • the region to be treated may, in general, be any region of the rotor R or the stator S, when the latter is present.
  • FIG. 2 shows schematically an example of a shot blasting installation 1 that can be used to process a rotating machine such as, for example, the machine M illustrated in FIG.
  • This blasting installation 1 comprises one or more generators 2 which supply one or more acoustic assemblies 3, each comprising one or more sonotrodes.
  • An acoustic assembly typically comprises a piezoelectric transducer (also called converter) which transforms an electric current sent by the generator 2 into a mechanical wave.
  • the vibration amplitude of the piezoelectric transducer is amplified using one or more acoustic stages (also called booster) to the last piece of the stack, which constitutes the sonotrode and which defines the vibrating surface.
  • the sonotrode may be arranged to vibrate relatively homogeneously over the entire vibrating surface.
  • the installation defines with the treated part at least one treatment chamber containing projectiles, for example spherical balls with a diameter ranging from 0.3 mm to 5 mm.
  • the density of the projectiles is for example between 2 g / cm 3 and 16 g / cm 3 .
  • the quantity of projectiles is, for example, between 0.2 and 500 g.
  • the hardness of the projectiles is for example between 200 and 2000 HV.
  • the generator 2 can be arranged to control, if necessary, drive means 5 of at least one acoustic assembly 3, as will be detailed below, in order to move the acoustic assembly relative to the machine M and allow the treatment of an extended region of the machine M.
  • the installation 1 may comprise any means 6 for injecting compressed air into the treatment chamber or towards it, in order to initiate the movement of the projectiles.
  • the installation 1 may also include detection means 7 which can prevent the operation of the acoustic assembly under certain conditions, for example when there is a risk of accidental departure of projectiles.
  • the installation 1 can be used to treat various regions of the machine M and for example, as illustrated in FIGS. 3 to 6, an edge 10 located at the junction of a first surface 11, frontal, oriented substantially perpendicularly to the axis rotation X and a second surface 12, cylindrical, concentric with the axis of rotation X.
  • This edge 10 can be sharp, chamfered and / or radiated or have undergone a repair treatment by machining and polishing.
  • the rotor R comprises a central bore 21 which may have various profiles depending, for example, on the nature of the machine.
  • FIG. 7 it is a surface 90 of the bore 21 that is treated, this surface 90 being, for example, cylindrical of revolution about the axis X.
  • the longitudinal axis Z of the acoustic assembly 3 is for example oriented perpendicular to the axis of rotation X.
  • the acoustic assembly 3 comprises a sonotrode 15 defining a vibrating surface 16 on which projectiles 17 can bounce and perform during the operation of the acoustic assembly 3 multiple back-and-forth movements between the vibrating surface and the region to be treated.
  • the projectiles 17 evolve in a treatment chamber 18 which is formed by the sonotrode 15, the region to be treated and primary speaker-forming elements 20.
  • the primary chamber forming elements 20 are made of a metallic material or not which allows the projectiles to bounce on them, for example steel, INCONEL ® , aluminum or a plastic material, for example a polyamide, a polyacetal or polyethylene.
  • the acoustic assembly 3 is mounted on a support system 23 which is fixed on the machine M.
  • the support system 23 is fixed on the rotor R and more particularly in the central bore 21.
  • the support system 23 may include a first portion 22 which is fixed relative to the rotor and a second portion 25 which is rotatable relative to the first portion 22 by a hinge 28 to allow the acoustic assembly 3 to moving relative to the machine M to treat an extended region thereof or to perform several local treatments.
  • the first part 22 of the support system 23 may comprise a mechanism 29 for fixing on the rotor R, which may also allow, if necessary, a centering adjustment in order to make the axis of the articulation 28 coincide with the axis rotation X of the rotor.
  • the mechanism 29 may act by radial expansion or otherwise.
  • the displacement of the acoustic assembly 3 can be carried out manually, the operator for example manually driving the second part 25 in rotation relative to the first part 22.
  • the displacement of the acoustic assembly 3 can still be carried out motorized by means of the aforementioned drives which comprise for example at least one motor 33 housed in the first part 22, as shown in Figure 3.
  • the drive of the second part 25 supporting the acoustic assembly 3 can for example be effected via a gearbox 34.
  • the motor 33 can still be housed in the second part 25, as illustrated in FIGS. 4 to 6.
  • the motor 33 may for example be an electric motor whose power supply is carried out by the generator 2 in a controlled manner, so as to allow, for example, a rotation of the acoustic assembly 3 around the axis of rotation X of the rotor a preset speed.
  • the installation 1 may comprise one or more unrepresented detectors making it possible to inform the generator 2 about the rotation of the acoustic assembly 3 about the X axis, for example an optical or magnetic encoder rotating with the transmission shaft. articulation 28 or with the motor shaft 33.
  • the second part 25, which supports the acoustic assembly 3, can be made in various ways, depending for example on the geometry of the region to be treated.
  • the drive means 5 comprise a jack or a rack allowing axial displacement of the second portion 25 along the axis X.
  • the second portion 25 allows adjustment of the orientation of the longitudinal axis Z of the acoustic assembly 3 relative to the axis of rotation X, with curvilinear holes 35 and associated fasteners 135.
  • the support system 23 also allows adjustment of the position of the acoustic assembly 3 along its longitudinal axis Z, for example by means of a rack or a screw.
  • the primary chamber forming elements 20 may come into contact with the treated part or remain distant during the operation of the acoustic assembly 3 by a sufficiently small distance so that the existing clearance does not allow the projectiles to pass through. 17.
  • the primary chamber forming elements 20 may be mechanically biased against the workpiece by one or more springs, if appropriate.
  • the installation 1 advantageously comprises detection means 5 for detecting a non-optimal security linked for example to a bad positioning of a mechanical component of the installation.
  • These detection means 5 may comprise several detectors located at multiple locations of the installation 1.
  • one or more of the primary enclosure forming elements 20 comprise detection means 40 sensitive to the proximity of the treated part, in order to make it possible to prohibit the operation of the acoustic assembly 3 in case of risk of accidental release of a projectile from the treatment chamber.
  • the detection means 40 may for example comprise at least one detector disposed at the end of a primary speaker forming element 20 and sensitive to the presence of the workpiece.
  • This may be for example a contactor, the latter being actuated by the workpiece when the primary speaker forming element 20 is correctly positioned, a resistive sensor, sensitive to an electrical contact between the primary chamber forming element and the treated part, an inductive sensor, for example a Hall effect sensor, sensitive to the magnetic field of the workpiece when it is made of a magnetic material, a sensor capacitive or optical or other.
  • the detection means 40 can supply an electrical signal to the generator 2, the latter being arranged to signal a malfunction to the operator and to prohibit the operation of the acoustic assembly 3 in the event of misplacement of at least one of the primary speaker forming elements.
  • the support system 23 also may comprise detection means not visible in the figures, for detecting correct positioning of the first portion 22 in the bore 21 of the rotor R.
  • These detection means may in particular be arranged to detect a positioning of the support system relative to the rotor to avoid the risk of passage of a projectile by a clearance left between the support system 23 and the bore 21 of the rotor.
  • These detection means comprise, for example, one or more non-apparent contactors which change their state while bearing on the bore or on a rib 200 of the rotor R.
  • the installation may comprise, as illustrated, a secondary enclosure 60 formed around the treatment chamber 18, to further reduce the risk of accidental loss of a projectile 17.
  • This second enclosure 60 may be defined by secondary enclosure forming elements 61, which may be applied for example to the workpiece M and / or the support system 23.
  • These elements 61 for forming secondary enclosure may include, where appropriate, a return system 65 apparent in Figures 4 to 7, to ensure a constant support against the workpiece and / or the support system 23.
  • This return system 65 may comprise one or more springs.
  • the secondary speaker forming elements 61 may be provided, like the primary speaker forming elements 20, with detecting means 63 in order to detect the coming-in or coming-in-proximity of these elements 61 against the treated part. and / or the support system 23.
  • the installation 1 can be arranged to prevent the operation of the acoustic assembly 3 in the event of failure to detect a sufficient closure of the secondary enclosure 60.
  • the detection means 63 are, for example, chosen from resistive, inductive, capacitive, optical or other contactors or sensors.
  • the detection means 63 may be of the same nature as the detection means 40.
  • Additional protection means may be used, in accordance with one aspect of the invention, to further reduce the risk of accidental loss of a projectile.
  • a safety barrier 70 is thus placed in the bore 21 of the rotor, behind the support system 23.
  • This safety barrier 70 is for example arranged to attach to a relief of the rotor, for example a rib 71 projecting into the bore 21 of the rotor.
  • the safety barrier 70 may be arranged to attach to another relief of the rotor, for example a groove, or to be fixed in the bore 21 in the absence of particular relief thereof.
  • the fixing of the safety barrier 70 in the rotor R may be effected for example by means of locking elements 73 which are for example rotary, as illustrated in FIGS. 8 and 9, between an unlocked position and a locked position in which they rest on a rear flank of the rib 71, the safety barrier 70 may have a collar 74 bearing on a front flank of the rib 71.
  • the displacement of the locking elements 73 can be effected for example by means of levers 75.
  • the locking elements 73 may still not be rotatable but slidably mounted.
  • FIGS. 10 and 12 show locking elements 76 which slide in corresponding grooves 77 of the safety barrier 70 and which can be moved by means of a cam 78 driven in rotation by a joystick 79 .
  • the displacement of the locking elements 76 can act against the spring return action 82, as illustrated in FIG. 13.
  • FIG. 14 shows another example of a safety barrier 70 in which the fixing on the rotor R is obtained by virtue of the expansion of an annular seal 90 clamped between the body 91 of the safety barrier 70 and a plate end 92 in which is screwed a rod 93. The latter can be rotated by a handle 94.
  • the safety barrier 70 may be independent of the support system 23, as illustrated.
  • the safety barrier 70 may be linked to the support system 23.
  • the safety barrier 70 may comprise detection means responsive to its good positioning in the bore of the rotor R.
  • These detection means comprise, for example, a contactor which changes state while bearing against the rib 71.
  • a contactor which changes state while bearing against the rib 71.
  • Several contactors can be connected to each other and distributed circumferentially on the safety barrier 70.
  • An unrepresented electrical cable can connect the detection means of the safety barrier 70 to the support system 23 or the generator 2, so that the latter prevents the operation of the acoustic assembly in the event of a bad positioning of the safety barrier 70 .
  • the installation 1 may comprise a protection system 80 with respect to external shocks, which defines a space 81 containing the acoustic assembly 3.
  • the protection system 80 may or may not be projectile-proof and comprise, for example, bars 85, a grid and / or a shell made of a transparent thermoplastic material or a pane.
  • the protection system 80 can be fixed for example on the rotor or on the stator, or not to be secured to the machine but simply be placed in front of it.
  • the protection system 80 may comprise, in the lower part, a tank 88 for projectile recovery, provided below with a plug 89 that can be opened to recover the projectiles.
  • the protection system 80 may be equipped with means for detecting its correct positioning on the machine, these detection means comprising for example one or more contactors changing state in contact with the machine M.
  • FIG. 15 illustrates the possibility for the protection system 80 to be fixed on the machine M by, for example, a fastening system actuated by one or more levers 95.
  • This fastening system comprises for example one or more elements which are applied with clamping on the rotor R or the stator S.
  • the acoustic assembly 3 may comprise, as illustrated in FIG. 16, a shutter 100 which makes it possible to confine the projectiles 17 before the start of operation of the acoustic assembly 3 in a space 101.
  • the shutter 100 comprises, for example, a wall 100, which can slide along a Y axis for example perpendicular to the longitudinal axis Z of the acoustic assembly 3 between a closed position illustrated in Figure 16 and an open position in which the vibrating surface 16 of the sonotrode is entirely facing the area to be treated.
  • the shutter 100 can be moved manually after the installation of the acoustic assembly 3 in front of the relevant region of the machine.
  • a locking member controlled by the generator 2 may prohibit moving the shutter 100 as a satisfactory closure of the processing chamber 18 and possibly that the proper positioning of the other components of the installation has not has been detected, this locking member being for example electromagnetically controlled by the generator 2.
  • the shutter 100 is moved motorized by the generator 2 after verification that all components of the installation are correctly installed.
  • the invention may make it possible to treat a rotor comprising a plurality of peripheral cells A, as illustrated in FIGS. 17 to 21 for example.
  • These cells A may each have a longitudinal axis L rectilinear, as is the case of Figures 18 and 20, or curvilinear, as shown in Figures 19 and 21.
  • the cells A may have various shapes, for example a shape with a dovetail profile as illustrated in FIGS. 20 and 21, or with corrugated flanks, as illustrated in FIGS. 18 and 19.
  • the fixing of the support system 23 can take place in a cell A f adjacent to the current cell A c to be treated, as shown in FIG. 17.
  • the fastening system 23 may comprise an arm 300 having an end 301 whose profile is substantially complementary to that of the cell A f .
  • the fastening system 23 may comprise at least one slideway 303 for axially displacing the acoustic assembly 3 along its longitudinal axis Z in order, for example, to adjust the distance separating the vibrating surface 16 from the bottom sonotrode 306 of the current cell.
  • the installation comprises primary assembly forming elements 132 apparent in FIG. 26 which axially close the treatment chamber, along the longitudinal axis L of the current cell.
  • These elements 132 of primary enclosure formation may for example be applied against the flanks 310 of the rotor, on which the cells A open.
  • the acoustic assembly 3 may comprise a sonotrode which extends over the entire length of the cell.
  • the use of a single sonotrode is particularly suitable when the longitudinal axis of the current cell A c is rectilinear.
  • sonotrodes 15 may be arranged side by side as illustrated in FIGS. 27 to 29, the longitudinal axes Z of the acoustic stacks being for example non-coplanar and parallel to each other. .
  • a wedge-shaped joint 400 may be disposed between two adjacent horns 15 to provide surface continuity and prevent the projectiles from passing between the horns 15.
  • the use of multiple horns 15 provides a treatment intensity. high while being able to treat a complex geometry and retaining sonotrodes having relatively easy shapes to be machined.
  • the acoustic stacks can be secured by a part 410 traversed by holes for the passage of the different stacks. These can be attached to the workpiece 410 at a vibration node.
  • the installation 1 may comprise, if necessary, the speaker forming elements 110 which define axially, relative to the longitudinal axis L, the treatment chamber inside the current cell A c , as illustrated. in Figure 22, to prevent the departure of projectiles out of it.
  • the acoustic assembly 3 can be held stationary relative to the cell A c during the treatment thereof.
  • the acoustic assembly 3 can be mounted with a possibility of movement relative to the support system in order to be able to move relative to the current cell A c .
  • Such displacement may allow for example the sonotrode to be engaged in the cell and gradually treat it as it moves along its longitudinal axis L.
  • one or more adaptation pieces 120 can be introduced with the sonotrode (s) into the current cell A c to deflect the projectiles to the region to be treated, as shown in Figure 23.
  • the treatment chamber can be closed within the current cell A c , for example by means of one or more closure elements 130 which are applied on the flank or sides of the current cell, as shown in FIG. 17.
  • the treatment chamber may be defined by closure elements 131 which are for example applied to the surface of the rotor between the cells, as shown in FIG. figure 24.
  • the latter can be closed by a closure member 140 which can be implemented in various ways in the hole T, for example from the current cell or by the hole of an adjacent cell.
  • the shutter element 140 comprises detection means for detecting its correct positioning in the hole T.
  • detection means comprise for example a contactor which changes state when the shutter element 140 is resting against the wall of the hole T or an adjacent wall.
  • the generator 2 can be arranged to prevent the operation of the acoustic assembly (s) 3 in the event of detection of a bad positioning of the shutter element 140.
  • the treatment chamber may be defined by primary enclosure forming elements 141, which allow delimiting the treatment chamber around the hole T.
  • an acoustic assembly 3 Before putting into operation an acoustic assembly 3, the latter may have the vibrating surface 16 facing upwards or downwards.
  • the projectiles 17 can gravity win the vibrating surface 16, which allows the initiation of their movement.
  • At least one jet of air can be directed towards the projectiles 17 so as to initiate their movement and bring them into contact with the vibrating surface 16.
  • any of the examples described above may thus comprise an air injection means 6 comprising, for example, a pressurized air inlet duct made for example in a primary enclosure forming element or elsewhere.
  • the injection of air can be controlled by the generator 2, the latter having for example an output for controlling a solenoid valve for admission of compressed air into the treatment chamber for a predefined period of time after the start of the operation of the acoustic set.
  • an air jet can be sent permanently into the treatment chamber, for example to cool one or more components of the installation.
  • An installation according to the invention may comprise means for counting the projectiles before putting into operation of the acoustic assembly as well as after the treatment carried out.
  • These counting means comprise, for example, a suction duct opening into the treatment chamber, through which the projectiles can be sucked up, these projectiles passing in front of a suitable detector in order to count them, for example an optical sensor.
  • the invention is not limited to a particular form of rotor or stator or to a particular region of the machine undergoing shot blasting.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Motors, Generators (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Turning (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
EP07118696A 2006-10-20 2007-10-17 Verfahren und Anlagen zum Kugelstrahlen Active EP1914040B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0654428A FR2907360B1 (fr) 2006-10-20 2006-10-20 Procedes et installations de grenailles.

Publications (3)

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EP1914040A2 true EP1914040A2 (de) 2008-04-23
EP1914040A3 EP1914040A3 (de) 2008-06-18
EP1914040B1 EP1914040B1 (de) 2010-12-08

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US (1) US7389663B2 (de)
EP (1) EP1914040B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE490845T1 (de)
DE (1) DE602007011021D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2907360B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2008047048A2 (de)

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US20060021410A1 (en) 2004-07-30 2006-02-02 Sonats-Societe Des Nouvelles Applications Des Techniques De Surfaces Shot, devices, and installations for ultrasonic peening, and parts treated thereby
DE102004037954A1 (de) * 2004-08-05 2006-03-16 Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh Vorrichtung zum Oberflächenstrahlen von Bauteilen
DE102004059592B4 (de) * 2004-12-10 2014-09-04 MTU Aero Engines AG Verfahren zum Oberflächenstrahlen von Hohlräumen, insbesondere von Hohlräumen an Gasturbinen
EP1893386B1 (de) * 2005-05-12 2013-07-17 General Electric Company Ultraschall-peening-behandlung montierter komponenten
DE102005054866A1 (de) * 2005-11-17 2007-05-31 Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh Verfahren zum Herstellen von metallischen Bauteilen, insbesondere für Turbomaschinen, mit kleinen Kantenradien
DE102006008210A1 (de) * 2006-02-22 2007-08-23 Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh Strahlkammer zum Oberflächenstrahlen, insbesondere zum Ultraschall-Kugelstrahlen von Gasturbinen-Bauteilen
US7665338B2 (en) * 2006-10-20 2010-02-23 Sonats-Societe Des Nouvelles Applications Des Techniques De Surfaces Shot peening methods and units
DE102006058675A1 (de) * 2006-12-13 2008-06-19 Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Oberflächenstrahlen eines Bauteils einer Gasturbine
EP1980366B1 (de) * 2007-04-12 2009-11-18 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Anlagen- und Vorrichtungskonzept für eine Shotpeeninganlage zum Verfestigen von Gasturbinen Laufschaufelfüssen
US20090095043A1 (en) * 2007-10-11 2009-04-16 Bunting Billie W Conformable tooling for localized shot peening
JP5148329B2 (ja) * 2008-03-06 2013-02-20 三菱重工業株式会社 ショットピーニング装置及びショットピーニング用振動子
FR2930184B1 (fr) * 2008-04-18 2010-12-31 Snecma Procede de grenaillage par ultrason de pieces de turbomachines.
US8613641B2 (en) * 2008-10-22 2013-12-24 Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. Channel inlet edge deburring for gas diffuser cases
US8894468B2 (en) * 2012-05-16 2014-11-25 Flow International Corporation Fluid jet receptacle with rotatable inlet feed component and related fluid jet cutting system and method
JP5912916B2 (ja) * 2012-06-27 2016-04-27 日立Ｇｅニュークリア・エナジー株式会社 ショットピーニング方法
US9358668B2 (en) 2012-07-19 2016-06-07 Ascent Aerospace, Llc Fluid jet receiving receptacles and related fluid jet cutting systems
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EP1207014A1 (de) * 2000-11-16 2002-05-22 Snecma Moteurs Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Ultraschallkugelstrahlen der Rotormontierschlitze fürTurbinenschaufeln

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EP2111950A1 (de) * 2008-04-22 2009-10-28 SONATS - Société des Nouvelles Applications des Techniques de Surfaces Sandstrahlverfahren und -vorrichtung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2008047048A2 (fr) 2008-04-24
ATE490845T1 (de) 2010-12-15
WO2008047048A3 (fr) 2008-11-13
EP1914040A3 (de) 2008-06-18
US7389663B2 (en) 2008-06-24
DE602007011021D1 (de) 2011-01-20
FR2907360A1 (fr) 2008-04-25
FR2907360B1 (fr) 2009-05-22
EP1914040B1 (de) 2010-12-08
US20080092616A1 (en) 2008-04-24

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