EP1910669A1 - Plasma-zündsystem und verfahren zu dessen betrieb - Google Patents
Plasma-zündsystem und verfahren zu dessen betriebInfo
- Publication number
- EP1910669A1 EP1910669A1 EP06792718A EP06792718A EP1910669A1 EP 1910669 A1 EP1910669 A1 EP 1910669A1 EP 06792718 A EP06792718 A EP 06792718A EP 06792718 A EP06792718 A EP 06792718A EP 1910669 A1 EP1910669 A1 EP 1910669A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- plasma
- resonator
- voltage source
- ignition system
- impedance
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
- F02P23/00—Other ignition
- F02P23/04—Other physical ignition means, e.g. using laser rays
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
- F02P3/00—Other installations
- F02P3/01—Electric spark ignition installations without subsequent energy storage, i.e. energy supplied by an electrical oscillator
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
- F02P9/00—Electric spark ignition control, not otherwise provided for
- F02P9/002—Control of spark intensity, intensifying, lengthening, suppression
- F02P9/007—Control of spark intensity, intensifying, lengthening, suppression by supplementary electrical discharge in the pre-ionised electrode interspace of the sparking plug, e.g. plasma jet ignition
Definitions
- the invention relates to the power supply of an electrically generated plasma for the ignition of fuel-air mixtures, wherein for the initiation of the plasma, the electrical breakdown, a high voltage at high impedance at the discharge gap between usually two electrodes is neces sary.
- the ignition of lean ( ⁇ > 1) directly injected and layer-charged air-fuel mixtures makes high demands on the ignition system.
- a large as far as possible projecting into the combustion chamber ignition volume is required, but also a high ignition energy to ignite the flame retardant mixtures can.
- An electrical supply that is designed to achieve a high voltage for the electrical breakdown is usually unsuitable to effectively supply the plasma during the further gas discharge course. The reason for this is the substantial impedance change after the formation of a conductive plasma channel at an ignition device.
- the ignition should usually be carried out under pressures between 5 to 50 bar.
- the characteristic ambient pressure at the spark gap is to be considered.
- the specified ignition point must be reached at every pressure with the same tolerance of a few ⁇ s.
- Ignition point is also very variable.
- the operating room / combustion chamber is not oxygen-free and the components are exposed to strong corrosion.
- the choice of materials used is thus severely limited.
- Existing fluid flows up to 100 m / s must not interfere with the initiation of the plasma nor the further supply of the plasma channel with energy.
- the plasma must not go out for a required burning time.
- the ignition is usually carried out serially or periodically with a frequency of, for example, 8-70 Hz. The requirement for the ignition is to ignite non-ionized gas, in each case in the cold state.
- Conventional ignition systems with ignition coil and spark plug represent, among other things, a compromise between spark duration, high voltage and electrode burn-up. After the breakthrough phase in the arc discharge, they supply the energy still stored in the system. This process is typically after one ⁇ s completed. In the following glow discharge, the energy stored in an ignition coil is converted in the plasma channel. The temperature of the plasma decreases in this phase. The duration depends on electrical parameters and can not be actively influenced in a given system. A to be adapted due to variable operating conditions power supply is not feasible. Conventional ignition systems can not be used for high pressures because, due to the material, the electrical feedthrough does not meet the voltage requirements that increase with pressure.
- a plasma ignition for gasoline engines which supplies in a combustion chamber a spatially extended plasma for igniting a fuel / air mixture. It consists of a series resonant circuit with an inductance, a high-frequency source for resonant excitation and a capacitance, wherein the capacitance is represented by inner and outer electrodes with intervening dielectrics and these electrodes with their outer ends at a predetermined mutual distance extend into the combustion chamber.
- an ignition system is thus represented which initiates the plasma ignition by ionization of the gas mixture in a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine by energy injection by means of high-frequency voltage.
- a resonant circuit extending through the spark plug shaft is excited by a high-frequency generator, so that a sufficiently high field strength for the generation of a plasma is established by the corresponding resonant phenomenon at the electrodes whose outermost ends extend into the combustion chamber.
- This system therefore solves the problem of high voltage performance with respect to increasing the high voltage amplitude demand with increasing pressure.
- the component of the system consisting of the inductance and the capacitance-forming electrodes with ceramic dielectric is hereinafter referred to as "resonator”.
- the system can be considered essentially in terms of its input-side and its output-side parameters.
- the consideration of the impedance is essential here. After the electrical breakdown, the input impedance of the resonator changes, whereby the coupling of the energy from an amplifier or a voltage source in the resonator and thus in the plasma is very difficult.
- the prior art also includes Spiker and Sustainer existing systems, in which a distinction is made between the breakdown and the subsequent burning phase for the electrical supply of a plasma.
- Such systems are used in sheet or high-pressure gas lamps, gas lasers and sputtering equipment and are therefore adapted to largely constant operating conditions (pressure, temperature, gas mixture). Therefore, these systems in the known form do not meet the requirements resulting from the different engine operating conditions.
- the applications mentioned here differ in terms of their operating parameters so far from the engine application, that none of these systems would simultaneously meet all conditions for a steady-state operating point in the combustion process in terms of supply frequency, voltage amplitude, pulse duration, etc.
- the power to be injected into a resonator for the generation of a plasma must exceed a minimum value, which depends on the current conditions in the combustion chamber (pressure, temperature, mixture).
- the ignition voltage must exceed a minimum value due to the applied pressures and minimum distances of the electrodes, which also depends on the current conditions in the
- Combustion chamber pressure, temperature, mixture
- -A coupling through the conductive and grounded cylinder head is necessary.
- the invention has for its object to provide a plasma ignition system and an operating method for this, with an effective energy input into the resonator and thus into the plasma is possible.
- the solution to this problem is achieved by the respective combination of features of claims 1 or 2 or 15 or 16.
- the invention is based on the finding that a supply of the resonator for generating and maintaining a plasma for the ignition of fuel-air mixtures by means of high-frequency alternating voltage is required whose impedance changes in time so that the voltage amplitude is optimized for the electrical breakdown, for the development of the plasma, however, the power over the desired operating time, ie, the energy deposited in the plasma is adjusted.
- This can be achieved according to the invention in that either the output impedance of the source of energy after the electrical breakdown has to be adapted to the changed conditions on the input side of the resonator or a second, independent energy source for the
- the "voltage supply” serves to initiate the electrical breakdown, ie the plasma generation, while the "energy supply” serves to maintain a spatially expanding plasma.
- the separation of the functions voltage supply and power supply is ensured according to the invention by the choice of different frequencies. It is irrelevant whether these functions are fulfilled by two separate supplies for the different frequencies or by a single, frequency-switchable supply.
- the impedance is adjusted - also independently - by a crossover.
- the power supply with frequency fl is adapted to the resonator without plasma, ie has a low impedance, and the power supply with frequency f2 to an operation of the resonator with plasma, ie to a high impedance compared to the previous case ,
- the power supply generates a short, in the duration not necessarily adjustable high-frequency pulse whose amplitude can be adapted to the operating conditions of the engine.
- the power supply provides as long as high-frequency AC voltage until the ignition of the fuel-air mixture is done safely. It is therefore adjustable in duration. Furthermore, their amplitude is temporally controllable.
- the power requirement which increases as the volume of the plasma increases, can be taken into account, thus optimizing the expansion of the plasma into the combustion chamber.
- the impedance of the power supply via the crossover is adjusted so that optimum energy coupling into the resonator and thus into the plasma, with respect to a large-volume plasma with high power requirements results.
- the system of plasma and supply shows partially self-regulating properties, whereby a continuously variable impedance of the supply is not required.
- FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a plasma ignition system with two energy sources in the form of the high-voltage sources 12, 13, which are followed by matching circuits 120, 130;
- FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of a plasma ignition system with a single energy source in the form of the high-voltage source 16, which is followed by a matching circuit 160 and which is switchable.
- Figure 3 shows a resonator as disclosed in the unpublished prior art.
- FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a plasma ignition system which has two voltage sources 12, 13. Both are controlled by a common control / regulation. downstream are so-called matching circuits 120, 130 which adjust the signals supplied to the resonator 15 at least in the impedance to the input of the resonator at the respective time.
- high frequency source 12 for the burst signal and matching circuit 120 from the system of the high frequency source 13 for the supply signal and the matching circuit 130 from each other can advantageously be used a crossover 14.
- Voltage sources in this case have different frequencies, so that they are relatively easy to separate.
- FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of a plasma ignition system with a single energy source in the form of the high-voltage source 16, which is followed by a matching circuit 160.
- a burst signal 8 and a supply signal 9 can be generated. Both are offset in time, but generated immediately after one another and fed to the resonator 15.
- this plasma ignition system according to FIG. 2 has fewer components, it requires switching over of the high-frequency voltage source 16. However, since the output voltage signals to be switched carry a substantial energy content, this is not trivial.
- the matching circuit 160 causes an adjustment of the output signal of the voltage source 16 with respect to the input impedance of the resonator. The input impedance of the resonator in turn depends on whether a plasma is ignited at the electrodes or not.
- FIG. 3 shows a resonator 15, as described in the non-prior-art prior art.
- the high-frequency voltage source 17 generates an input signal into the resonator, which is adapted to its input impedance. This input impedance is in the event that no plasma ignition has occurred, have a certain value.
- the electrodes 1, 2 the Ka 4 built-in resonant circuit is given the basis for the generation of a resonant state. If the resonant circuit is brought to resonance, the formation of a plasma 6 takes place in that the high voltage built up at the ends of the electrodes has exceeded a limit value at which an opening occurs.
- the input impedance present at this time from the input of the resonator requires an adaptation of the signal supplied by the high-frequency voltage source 17. These two phases should run consecutively in order to prevent the plasma from extinguishing.
- FIG. 1 A detailed description of the mode of operation and advantages of the present invention will be made with reference to FIG. 1:
- Figure 1 illustrates two high frequency sources, which are connected via a crossover to the resonator. Both high-frequency sources are connected simultaneously, wherein the structure of a plasma, the output first frequency fl is equal to the resonant frequency of the resonator.
- the electrical breakdown occurs due to the signal of the resonant tuned first high frequency source. Since this signal is reflected after the electrical breakdown, with plasma present at the resonator for the most part because of the changed input impedance of the resonator, only a fraction of this signal is converted into the plasma.
- the signal of the second high-frequency source with frequency f2 can already be present at the input of the resonator during the initiation of the plasma.
- High frequency source is matched via the crossover to an input impedance that is characteristic of the resonator after the electrical breakdown.
- the second high frequency source takes over the power supply of the plasma with electrical power through the resonator and the first high frequency source can be turned off. It delivers power to the resonator as long as it is desired to maintain the plasma.
- Energy and power, which can be coupled into the plasma, is thus significantly increased with the same electrical input and thus creates the necessary condition for the desired plasma volume growth in the combustion chamber. It can be minimized so targeted parasitic effect as electrode erosion.
- the burning time of the plasma can easily be set to values of up to 5 ms.
- the plasma which reaches far into a combustion chamber, is able to run homogeneously lean
- Frequencies and impedances can advantageously be tuned so that with input voltages ⁇ 1 kV burst signals with a voltage of at least 40 kV are generated. Due to the continuous energy supply, the plasma can be extended far beyond the electrodes into the combustion chamber without the electrodes protruding.
- the power supply is clocked: Instead of maintaining the power supply until the ignition is done, the energy is supplied only as long as it is to produce a far in the combustion chamber protruding plasma is required. Then the power supply is interrupted for a few 10 ⁇ s to several 100 ⁇ s and then switched on again. In the process, an energy-rich plasma suitable for the ignition is formed again from the slowly decaying plasma in a short time. This pulsed operation is continued until an ignition of the fuel-air mixture is detected in the combustion chamber.
- matching circuits 120, 130, 160 are advantageous for the generation of signals adapted to the input impedance of the resonator 15. With appropriate design of the voltage sources, these can be integrated into the voltage source or into the resonator as required. Since in the case of the use of a single voltage source according to Figure 2, a substantial switching during operation is required, the matching circuit 860 can be advantageously used as an external device.
- FIG. 3 shows a resonator 15, as described in the non-prior-art prior art.
- the high-frequency voltage source 17 generates an input signal into the resonator, which is adapted to its input impedance. This input impedance is in the event that no plasma ignition has occurred, have a certain value.
- the electrodes 1, 2, the capacitance 4 constructed resonant circuit is given the basis for the generation of a resonant state.
- FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a plasma ignition system which has two voltage sources 12, 13. Both are controlled by a common control / regulation. Downstream are so-called matching circuits 120, 130, which adjust the signals supplied to the resonator 15 at least in the impedance to the input of the resonator at the respective time.
- High frequency source 12 for the burst signal and matching circuit 120 from the system of the high frequency source 13 for the supply signal and the matching circuit 130 from each other NEN advantageously a crossover 14 can be used.
- the high-frequency signals of the different voltage sources in this case have different frequencies, so that they are relatively easily separable.
- FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of a plasma ignition system with a single energy source in the form of the high-voltage source 16, which is followed by a matching circuit 160.
- a burst signal 8 and a supply signal 9 can be generated. Both are offset in time, but generated immediately after one another and fed to the resonator 15.
- this plasma ignition system according to FIG. 2 has fewer components, it requires switching over of the high-frequency voltage source 16. However, since the output voltage signals to be switched carry a substantial energy content, this is not trivial.
- the matching circuit 160 causes an adjustment of the output signal of the voltage source 16 with respect to the input impedance of the resonator. The input impedance of the resonator in turn depends on whether a plasma is ignited at the electrodes or not.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE200510036968 DE102005036968A1 (de) | 2005-08-05 | 2005-08-05 | Plasma-Zündsystem und Verfahren zu dessen Betrieb |
PCT/EP2006/065094 WO2007017481A1 (de) | 2005-08-05 | 2006-08-04 | Plasma-zündsystem und verfahren zu dessen betrieb |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1910669A1 true EP1910669A1 (de) | 2008-04-16 |
Family
ID=37103299
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP06792718A Withdrawn EP1910669A1 (de) | 2005-08-05 | 2006-08-04 | Plasma-zündsystem und verfahren zu dessen betrieb |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1910669A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102005036968A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2007017481A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102005036968A1 (de) | 2005-08-05 | 2007-02-15 | Siemens Ag | Plasma-Zündsystem und Verfahren zu dessen Betrieb |
DE102006027204B3 (de) * | 2006-06-12 | 2007-11-22 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren zur Überwachung eines Brennvorganges in einer Brennkraftmaschine |
FR2913297B1 (fr) * | 2007-03-01 | 2014-06-20 | Renault Sas | Optimisation de la generation d'une etincelle d'allumage radio-frequence |
FR2913298B1 (fr) | 2007-03-01 | 2009-04-17 | Renault Sas | Pilotage d'une pluralite de bobines bougies via un unique etage de puissance |
FR2913299B1 (fr) * | 2007-03-01 | 2009-04-17 | Renault Sas | Pilotage d'une pluralite de bobines bougies via un unique etage de puissance. |
FR2914530B1 (fr) | 2007-03-28 | 2014-06-20 | Renault Sas | Pilotage optimal a la frequence de resonance d'un resonateur d'un allumage radiofrequence. |
EP2012004A1 (de) * | 2007-07-03 | 2009-01-07 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Hochfrequenzzündeinrichtung und Verfahren zu deren Betrieb |
FR2919901B1 (fr) * | 2007-08-08 | 2010-02-26 | Renault Sas | Dispositif de generation de plasma radiofrequence |
FR2928240B1 (fr) * | 2008-02-28 | 2016-10-28 | Renault Sas | Optimisation de la frequence d'excitation d'une bougie radiofrequence. |
CN102149917B (zh) | 2008-07-23 | 2015-05-20 | 博格华纳公司 | 点燃可燃的混合物 |
FR2934942B1 (fr) * | 2008-08-05 | 2010-09-10 | Renault Sas | Controle de la frequence d'excitation d'une bougie radiofrequence. |
WO2010043546A1 (en) * | 2008-10-13 | 2010-04-22 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | High frequency ignition system |
US9181920B2 (en) * | 2011-04-04 | 2015-11-10 | Federal-Mogul Ignition Company | System and method for detecting arc formation in a corona discharge ignition system |
DE202012004602U1 (de) * | 2012-05-08 | 2013-08-12 | Rosenberger Hochfrequenztechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Hochfrequenz-Plasmazündvorrichtung |
DE102012104642B4 (de) * | 2012-05-30 | 2015-10-15 | Borgwarner Ludwigsburg Gmbh | Verfahren zum Überwachen eines Brennraums eines taktweise arbeitenden Verbrennungsmotors |
DE102013015063B3 (de) * | 2013-09-09 | 2015-03-05 | Michael Reimann | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Zünden eines Gas-Kraftstoff-Gemischs |
KR20160097340A (ko) | 2013-12-12 | 2016-08-17 | 페더럴-모굴 이그니션 컴퍼니 | 코로나 점화 전원용 제어 시스템 |
DE102016006782A1 (de) * | 2016-06-02 | 2017-12-07 | Rosenberger Hochfrequenztechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Zündvorrichtung und Verfahren zum Zünden eines Luft-Kraftstoffgemisches |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0211133A1 (de) | 1985-07-27 | 1987-02-25 | Bernd Holz | Verfahren zur Einbringung thermischer Energie in einen mit einem Medium gefüllten Raum und Einrichtung hierzu |
DE102005036968A1 (de) | 2005-08-05 | 2007-02-15 | Siemens Ag | Plasma-Zündsystem und Verfahren zu dessen Betrieb |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10157029A1 (de) * | 2001-11-21 | 2003-06-05 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Hochfrequenzzündung für eine Brennkraftmaschine |
DE10207446B4 (de) * | 2002-01-22 | 2004-02-19 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren zur Zündung eines Luft-Kraftstoff-Gemischs, Zündungssteuerungsvorrichtung und Zündvorrichtung |
DE10243271A1 (de) * | 2002-09-18 | 2003-12-04 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Vorrichtung zum Zünden eines Luft-Kraftstoff-Gemischs in einem Verbrennungsmotor |
-
2005
- 2005-08-05 DE DE200510036968 patent/DE102005036968A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2006
- 2006-08-04 EP EP06792718A patent/EP1910669A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-08-04 WO PCT/EP2006/065094 patent/WO2007017481A1/de active Application Filing
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0211133A1 (de) | 1985-07-27 | 1987-02-25 | Bernd Holz | Verfahren zur Einbringung thermischer Energie in einen mit einem Medium gefüllten Raum und Einrichtung hierzu |
DE102005036968A1 (de) | 2005-08-05 | 2007-02-15 | Siemens Ag | Plasma-Zündsystem und Verfahren zu dessen Betrieb |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of WO2007017481A1 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102005036968A1 (de) | 2007-02-15 |
WO2007017481A1 (de) | 2007-02-15 |
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Inventor name: EVERS, DANIEL Inventor name: BACHMAIER, GEORG Inventor name: LINS, GUENTER Inventor name: HAMMER, THOMAS Inventor name: FREITAG, REINHARD Inventor name: HENNIG, OLIVER Inventor name: VERLEGER, JOBST Inventor name: PISTOR, KLAUS Inventor name: BAUMGARTNER, ROBERT |
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