EP1910650A2 - Dispositif d'entrainement - Google Patents

Dispositif d'entrainement

Info

Publication number
EP1910650A2
EP1910650A2 EP06778086A EP06778086A EP1910650A2 EP 1910650 A2 EP1910650 A2 EP 1910650A2 EP 06778086 A EP06778086 A EP 06778086A EP 06778086 A EP06778086 A EP 06778086A EP 1910650 A2 EP1910650 A2 EP 1910650A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drive system
working fluid
circuit
internal combustion
combustion engine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP06778086A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Michael Hoetger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mahle International GmbH
Original Assignee
Amovis GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Amovis GmbH filed Critical Amovis GmbH
Publication of EP1910650A2 publication Critical patent/EP1910650A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
    • F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
    • F01K23/06—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
    • F01K23/065—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle the combustion taking place in an internal combustion piston engine, e.g. a diesel engine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
    • F01K25/06—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using mixtures of different fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
    • F01K25/06—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using mixtures of different fluids
    • F01K25/065—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using mixtures of different fluids with an absorption fluid remaining at least partly in the liquid state, e.g. water for ammonia
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N5/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting from exhaust energy
    • F01N5/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting from exhaust energy the devices using heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G5/00—Profiting from waste heat of combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02G5/02—Profiting from waste heat of exhaust gases
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a drive system for motor vehicles, comprising a waste heat generating internal combustion engine and a circuit for discharging at least a portion of this waste heat with a working fluid which is depressurable in an expansion machine.
  • the invention further relates to a working fluid for use in such a drive system and its use.
  • Such a drive system is, for example, an internal combustion engine, such as a
  • Diesel or gasoline engine in a passenger or truck The internal combustion engine burns fuel in a cylinder. The resulting heat of combustion is converted into work. The work acts on the drive shaft, with which the vehicle is driven.
  • the working fluid is usually water in known cooling circuits.
  • the working fluid comprises a plurality of components, of which at least one component is convertible by absorbing heat from the internal combustion engine and / or other heat sources within the drive system in the gas phase, and means for separating the liquid portion of the working fluid before the relaxation are provided in the expansion machine.
  • the internal combustion engine can be cooled by a first cooling circuit and it can be provided a second circuit, wherein the first cooling circuit of the second circuit can be cooled.
  • the means for separating the liquid portion of the working fluid may be formed by a phase separator.
  • Such a second cycle can be integrated into existing drive systems without much effort.
  • the waste heat of the first cooling circuit is used, so that it can be made more compact and has an increased cooling capacity.
  • the enthalpy of vaporization required in the evaporation of one component is absorbed.
  • the cooling capacity can be significantly increased at the same mass flow.
  • Part of the waste heat is converted into usable energy. If the
  • Propulsion engine drives the drive shaft of the internal combustion engine, the drive system has a total of higher power and higher efficiency.
  • the internal combustion engine can then operate in a higher efficiency working environment and requires less cooling power.
  • the expansion machine may also drive a generator for power generation.
  • the expansion machine can be connected via a coupling with the drive shaft and is operated independently of the internal combustion engine.
  • an additional burner is preferably provided as a heat source for operating the expansion machine independently of the internal combustion engine.
  • Working fluid is reached after expansion a lower minimum temperature.
  • the second circuit can operate at a higher mean thermodynamic temperature via the heat exchanger cooled by the airstream.
  • the solution is also a good antifreeze.
  • heat sources may be provided, which are arranged by the second circuit in the order of their temperature within the circuit, starting with the lowest temperature. These heat sources can be used without burdening the first cooling circuit. This makes efficient use of the waste heat possible.
  • the internal combustion engine is provided with an exhaust gas recirculation, the waste heat applied to the second circuit.
  • exhaust gas recirculation in which the emissions are reduced, stands with the exhaust gas
  • the internal combustion engine may further be provided with a turbocharger whose charge air cooling and / or waste heat impinges on the circuit. It can the
  • a plate heat exchanger For the heat transfer from the first cooling circuit to the second circuit, a plate heat exchanger may be provided.
  • the second circuit preferably comprises a pump with which the working fluid can be conveyed at an elevated pressure level.
  • the second circuit comprises a multi-stage air cooler.
  • the working fluid in a particular embodiment of the invention comprises a liquid carrier medium and at least one medium having a lower boiling point dissolved in the carrier medium.
  • This medium may also be a gaseous medium.
  • the carrier medium is selected so that all other media are easily solvable therein.
  • the nature and proportion of the media dissolved in the carrier medium are adapted to the pressure and temperature conditions present in the heat sources, so that at these ratios the largest possible proportion of at least one medium is vaporisable.
  • a homogeneous working medium is formed, which forms gaseous components with increasing heat absorption, which can be separated in a phase separator.
  • additional enthalpy of vaporization is absorbed.
  • a particularly effective cooling is achieved.
  • the carrier medium is water and one of the media dissolved in the water is ammonia. Both components are polar, easy to dissolve and have a high enthalpy of vaporization. Accordingly, for example, ethanol, methanol, acetic acid or CO 2 can be used. But it is also possible to use non-polar components, such as a solution of gasoline in oil.
  • Embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a water-cooled internal combustion engine and with exhaust gas recirculation and turbocharger.
  • an embodiment of the invention is illustrated schematically with reference to a supercharged diesel engine for passenger cars. It is understood that the invention is also suitable for any other internal combustion engine and in addition to cars and trucks, trains, agricultural machinery or the like can be driven.
  • the diesel engine is generally designated 10.
  • the diesel engine 10 drives a drive shaft 12.
  • the operation of a diesel engine is common technique and therefore need not be explained in more detail.
  • the diesel engine 10 operates in a typical power range of 100 kW. It generates waste heat in the range of 250 kW. The resulting waste heat is released on the one hand via a first cooling system 14 and 16 to cooling water.
  • hot exhaust gas is generated, of which a partial flow to prevent emission via an exhaust gas recirculation 18 is supplied to the engine again. This is represented by a dashed line 20.
  • the components described so far are known components of a diesel engine drive system.
  • the cooling circuit 14 or 16 is now cooled by another circuit.
  • a multi-component solution is pumped as working fluid with a pump 28 at an elevated pressure level of about 15 bar.
  • the working fluid in the present case consists of a carrier substance, namely water, in which a gas, namely ammonia, is dissolved.
  • the mass ratio water: ammonia is 65:35.
  • the aqueous ammonia solution first decreases from that operated at about 90 ° C
  • Cooling circuit of the engine heat via a plate heat exchanger 32 on.
  • the first cooling circuit of the internal combustion engine 10 is cooled.
  • the approximately 90 ° C hot cooling water 14 is cooled to about 83 ° C.
  • the working fluid heats up to approximately 90 ° C during this heat transfer. As a result, a part of the dissolved ammonia gas is evaporated.
  • the heat absorption of the working fluid is so large due to the partial evaporation of the ammonia from the working fluid that can be transferred with small volume flows, the entire accumulating waste heat of the cooling system in the working fluid.
  • the heat of the exhaust gas of the exhaust gas recirculation 18 is supplied to the working fluid.
  • the heat transfer is in the range of 17 kW.
  • the temperature of the recirculated exhaust gas drops considerably, so that the peak temperature of combustion in the engine and thus the nitrogen oxide emissions are reduced by this measure.
  • the mean temperature of the working fluid is then about 110 ° C.
  • a third heat exchanger one of the part of the exhaust gas heat is now transferred to the working fluid, which brings about the desired end temperature of the working fluid.
  • the temperature of the working fluid then reaches 150 ° C and much of the ammonia originally dissolved in the water is evaporated.
  • a phase separator 34 the liquid phase of the working fluid, essentially water, then separated from the gas phase - mainly ammonia.
  • the liquid water is easily brought at 150 ° to a lower pressure level of about 2 bar and directly to a e.g. air cooled cooler supplied.
  • the gas under a pressure of 15 bar is fed to an expansion machine 38, e.g. one
  • Rotary piston machine, piston machine, screw machine or a turbine supplied and there relaxed to a pressure of 2 bar.
  • the thereby released, usable work is in the range of up to 10 kW and the shaft 12 can be supplied.
  • the cold working fluid is then also supplied to the radiator. There, it dissolves in the hot carrier medium, which may heat up the solution.
  • the cooled working fluid is returned to the circuit via the pump 28.
  • the cooler can also be timely be performed because the operations "mixing" and "cooling" of the working fluid have different requirements for component design.
  • a mixing section can be arranged below the cooler in order to achieve the best possible mixing of the working fluid streams and to then supply them as well as possible to the cooler 36.
  • the cooling power to be applied by the cooling system 36 is similar in spite of the heat absorption from the exhaust gas compared to a conventional drive system operating without the second circuit.
  • Type and proportion of the respective heat sources are adjusted.
  • the aim is to allow the best possible heat transfer and a high absorption of enthalpy of vaporization. As a result, all components can be made compact.
  • the drive power is increased.
  • the efficiency of the entire drive is also increased. This reduces the total required performance of the
  • thermodynamic mean temperature of the chilled by the airstream cooler is about 110 ° C and is thus higher than in ordinary cooling circuits at about 90 ° C. This leads to a reduction of the required cooling surface. This allows the
  • the highest temperature is about 150 ° C lower than that of known single-component systems such as e.g. Water is the case. These must work at about 500 ° C to achieve sufficient efficiency. Due to the lower lower temperature of up to 10 ° C, the minimum temperature of the
  • a single-fluid system working with water for example, has the lowest temperature of 100 ° C at 1 bar. This lower lowest temperature achieves good thermal efficiency.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système d'entraînement pour des véhicules automobiles comprenant un moteur à combustion produisant de la chaleur perdue et un circuit servant à dissiper au moins une partie de cette chaleur perdue avec un fluide de travail pouvant être détendu dans une machine à expansion. Ce système se caractérise en ce que le fluide de travail comprend plusieurs composants dont au moins un peut être transféré dans la phase gazeuse par absorption de chaleur du moteur à combustion et/ou d'autres sources de chaleur à l'intérieur du système d'entraînement. Le système selon l'invention se caractérise par ailleurs en ce qu'il comprend des moyens pour séparer la fraction liquide du fluide de travail avant la détente dans la machine à expansion. Le moteur à combustion peut être refroidi par un premier circuit de refroidissement. Un second circuit peut être utilisé, le premier circuit de refroidissement pouvant être refroidi par ce second circuit.
EP06778086A 2005-08-03 2006-07-31 Dispositif d'entrainement Withdrawn EP1910650A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005037109 2005-08-03
PCT/EP2006/064868 WO2007014942A2 (fr) 2005-08-03 2006-07-31 Dispositif d'entrainement

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1910650A2 true EP1910650A2 (fr) 2008-04-16

Family

ID=37708969

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06778086A Withdrawn EP1910650A2 (fr) 2005-08-03 2006-07-31 Dispositif d'entrainement

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US8091360B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1910650A2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007014942A2 (fr)

Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110273723A (zh) * 2019-06-13 2019-09-24 天津大学 一种用于内燃机余热回收的分流式二氧化碳动力循环系统

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WO2009027302A2 (fr) * 2007-08-31 2009-03-05 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé et dispositif visant à convertir de l'énergie thermique en énergie mécanique
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20100212304A1 (en) 2010-08-26
WO2007014942A3 (fr) 2007-07-19
US8091360B2 (en) 2012-01-10
WO2007014942A2 (fr) 2007-02-08

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