EP1906266B1 - Mechanical digital display - Google Patents

Mechanical digital display Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1906266B1
EP1906266B1 EP06020372A EP06020372A EP1906266B1 EP 1906266 B1 EP1906266 B1 EP 1906266B1 EP 06020372 A EP06020372 A EP 06020372A EP 06020372 A EP06020372 A EP 06020372A EP 1906266 B1 EP1906266 B1 EP 1906266B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
minutes
hours
bars
digit
digital display
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP06020372A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1906266A1 (en
Inventor
Jean-François Mojon
Fawaz Gruozi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
De Grisogono SA
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De Grisogono SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by De Grisogono SA filed Critical De Grisogono SA
Priority to AT06020372T priority Critical patent/ATE414291T1/en
Priority to DE602006003664T priority patent/DE602006003664D1/en
Priority to EP06020372A priority patent/EP1906266B1/en
Priority to US11/856,881 priority patent/US7742363B2/en
Publication of EP1906266A1 publication Critical patent/EP1906266A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1906266B1 publication Critical patent/EP1906266B1/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B19/00—Indicating the time by visual means
    • G04B19/20—Indicating by numbered bands, drums, discs, or sheets
    • G04B19/21—Drums
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B19/00—Indicating the time by visual means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to mechanical digital displays, more particularly to a control device capable of transmitting a movement to a digital mechanical display incorporated in a wristwatch.
  • the majority of wristwatches with a digital display usually include elements, such as electroluminescent diodes with electro-optical properties, placed in a rigid board and connected to an electronic circuit so that the time indication desired is obtained by the excitation of certain segments of each of the sets forming the geometric figures from which the time indication is made.
  • elements such as electroluminescent diodes with electro-optical properties
  • CH 568600 describes a mechanism whose segments are made by the deposition of tritium on the dial of the watch. Said segments can be masked by plates arranged on flip-flops in the form of bent levers. The latter are controlled by means of cams, themselves driven by a watch movement. The pivoting of the bent latches makes it possible to move the plates parallel to themselves so as to cover the appropriate segments. It is mentioned the possibility of directly depositing tritium on the scales that could be bodies of revolution. These bodies of revolution appear partially in the slots of the dial and are driven by cams.
  • FR2543337 discloses such a device having display elements in the form of elongate prisms. These make offices of segments constituting a digit and are likely to pivot on their respective longitudinal axis. Each face of the prism has a contrasting color compared to the adjacent faces so that the display of a number is obtained by dissimilarity visible colors through slots arranged on a housing, the visible color being determined by the orientation of the prism around its longitudinal axis.
  • each prism is performed by a motor, seven separate motors to control the seven segments of a digit.
  • a mechanical digital display comprises at least one digit consisting of at least seven segments for displaying characters.
  • Alphanumeric Each segment is a body in the form of a rod capable of pivoting on its longitudinal axis, said rods comprising at least two zones similar to a first and a second band. These have a different aesthetic appearance, and are arranged along the length of the rod so that the orientation of the rod by a rotation about its longitudinal axis makes visible either the first or the second band.
  • the display of an alphanumeric character is obtained by the dissimilarity of the aesthetic aspect between the first and the second band of the set of sticks.
  • Pivoting one or more rods to substitute the first tape with the second tape or vice versa results in the display of different alphanumeric characters.
  • At least one pinion, integral with the stick, is arranged around each longitudinal axis adjacent to at least one end of said stick. Pivoting rods is actuated through cams cooperating directly or indirectly with each pinion.
  • the mechanical digital display is adapted to be integrated in a wristwatch.
  • This display has four digits, respectively tens of hours, hours, tens of minutes and minutes.
  • Each digit consists of a mechanism comprising seven rods (1), four of them being vertical, the other three, which have a shorter length, being horizontal.
  • Each stick (1) has four faces and is pivotable on its longitudinal axis (3).
  • a pinion (2) is arranged next to one end of each rod (1) on the longitudinal axis (3) thereof.
  • the pinion (2) is integral with the rod (1) so that the latter can be pivoted when said pinion (2) is driven so as to be positioned at different orientations.
  • Pivoting of each rod (1) is effected by driving the pinion (2) via a cam (4).
  • Seven cams (4) are therefore arranged integrally with a shaft (5) in order to pivot each of the seven rods (1).
  • Four of the seven cams (4) are positioned coaxially next to one another on the shaft (5) at one end of the mechanism constituting the digit.
  • This shaft (5) is positioned along the length of the mechanism comprising the seven rods (1) forming the digit ( Figure 2 ).
  • Two of the four cams (4) are intended to directly drive the pinion (2) respectively of a first and a second vertical rod (1), while the two other cams (4) are intended to drive the pinion (2).
  • Three other cams (4) are coaxially positioned next to one another at the other end of the digit on the shaft (5). Two of these three cams (4) are intended to directly drive the pinion (2) respectively of a third and a fourth vertical rod (1), while the third cam (4) is intended to drive through a third gear train (6) ( Figure 11 ) the last horizontal stick (1).
  • a control device makes it possible to transmit to the various cams (4) the energy required in the form of pulses in order to be able to rotate the rods (1) by 90 ° on their longitudinal axis (3) in order to make visible through openings (7) made on the dial (8) of the watch ( Figure 10 ) another of these faces having a different aesthetic appearance.
  • the display of a digit is obtained by the dissimilarity of the aesthetic appearance between the different visible faces of all the rods (1) constituting the digit.
  • the pivoting of one or more rods (1) to substitute a face with another having a different aesthetic appearance thereby causes the display of another digit.
  • each cam (4) has been determined so as to rotate the appropriate rods (1) to successively display the digits from 0 to 9 for the digit of minutes, the digits from 0 to 5 for the digit of tens of minutes, the digits from 0 to 9 for the digit of the hours and the digits from 0 to 2 for the digit of the tens of hours.
  • the profiles of the cams (4) used in the mechanism intended to display for example, the digit of tens of minutes different from the profiles of the cams (4) used in the mechanism intended to display the digit of the minutes since the pivoting of a or several rods (1) must be carried out so as to display successively only the digits from 0 to 5, the pivoting of the rods (1) constituting the digit of tens of minutes intervening moreover ten times less often than for the rods (1) constituting the minute digit.
  • Each visible face of the sticks (1) can be set with several precious stones. For example, a face can be set exclusively with transparent diamonds while the next face can be set exclusively with black diamonds. A multitude of configurations can be realized. Particular attention will be paid, however, to the choice of the coating between the first face and the face made visible after the 90 ° rotation of the stick (1) to ensure adequate contrast to facilitate the reading of the display.
  • the mechanical digital display comprises a control device. This makes it possible to adapt the mechanical digital display to a basic clockwork movement, for example of the Valjoux TM type.
  • This device comprises a first control member intended to firstly transform the movement of the seconds mobile of the watch movement into a pulse occurring every minute, and secondly to transmit this pulse, via a gear train of the minutes (9), so as to print a rotary movement to the seven cams (4) of the mechanisms respectively constituting the digit of the minutes and the digit of tens of minutes in order to allow the pivoting of the rods (1) so as to instant or almost instantaneous.
  • a second control member is intended, for its part, to transform the movement of the pavement of the watch movement into an impulse occurring every hour, the pivoting of the sticks (1) forming the digit of the hours and the digit of the tens of hours taking place on the same principle mentioned above.
  • the first controller of the display of the two digits respectively tens of minutes and minutes includes a minute latch (10) pivotable on the axis (11) and a minute spiral (12), the latter being arranged integrally with the moving seconds of the watch movement, said spiral (12) therefore performing a complete rotation every minute.
  • One end of the minute latch (10) cooperates with the periphery of the spiral minutes (12), while the other of its ends is provided with a folding finger (13) capable of causing, of at least one step, a minute control star (14) integral with a first wheel (15) of the minute gear train (9).
  • the profile of the spiral (12) gradually accumulates a certain mechanical energy that is transmitted by the latch minute (10) to its return spring (not shown).
  • the stop (16) of the minute spiral (12) overlaps the end of the rocker (10) ( Figure 6 )
  • the energy accumulated in the return spring is transmitted to the first wheel (15) of the minute gear train (9) under the action of the finger (13) on the minute control star (14) , the pulse being generated by the pivoting of said rocker (10) on the axis (11).
  • This control member thus makes it possible to transform the rotary movement of the second mobile of the watch movement into a single pulse having enough energy to enable the sticks (1) to be pivoted through the various gears (6, 9) and the cams ( 4).
  • the minute gear train (9) has a 90 ° first return (17) for transmitting the pulse via other gearing (not shown) to the digit shaft (5) respectively and tens of minutes.
  • the shafts (5) of the digit of minutes and tens of minutes are thus animated by an axial movement, each of the shafts (5) driving the seven cams (4).
  • Each the seven cams (4) of each digit is thus animated with an intermittent rotary motion so as to be able to pivot one of the rods (1) respectively constituting the digit of the minutes and the digit of tens of minutes.
  • the second control element of the display of the two digits respectively tens of hours and hours comprises an hours latch (18) pivotable on the axis (19) and a spiral of hours (20), the latter it being arranged integrally with a star of 60 (21) mounted on the pavement of the watch movement, said spiral (20) thus performing a complete rotation every hour.
  • One end of the hours latch (18) is capable of driving, via a second retractable finger (13 '), an hour control star (22) arranged to engrain with a second reference at 90 ° (23).
  • Said rocker (18) has a projection (24) intended to cooperate with the periphery of the spiral hours (20).
  • the transformation of the movement of the roadway into an impulse occurring hourly on the hour control star (22) is obtained on the same principle as described above.
  • the 90 ° return (23) is intended to transmit the pulse via other wheels (not shown) to the shafts (5) of the hour digit and the digit of the tens of hours, respectively.
  • the first and the second control members are linked by a system that makes it possible, on the one hand, to synchronize the pivoting of the two flip-flops (10, 18) so as to ensure the incrementation of the digit respectively of the hours and minutes almost simultaneously, and of on the other hand the damping of the pulses generated by said flip-flops (10, 18).
  • This system comprises a unidirectional clutch (25) coaxially mounted on a pinion (26), said pinion (26) being intended to be driven by a rack (27) forming an integral part of the hours latch (10).
  • This clutch (27) is provided, on either side of its center, with two fins (28, 28 '), one and the other being able to rest on a part of the periphery of a disc partial (29) resembling a crescent moon.
  • This partial disk (29) is integral with a star (30), the latter being drivable by a finger (31) integral with the latch minute (10).
  • each of the faces of each stick (1) has two distinct patterns alternately.
  • a first minute correction command (32), operable by a pusher (33), is arranged to act simultaneously on the minute control star (13) and on the star of 60 (21). ).
  • a second hour correction control (34), operable by a pusher (35), is arranged to act directly on the hour control star (22) to increment the hours of at least one unit ( Figure 4 ).
  • Correction of minutes digits is performed initially by a maximum of 59 actions on the pusher (33).
  • the correction of the hours is carried out, for its part, by a maximum of 11 actions on the pusher (35).
  • the retractable fingers (13, 13 ') of the two flip-flops (10, 18) are erased during the fast correction to allow the rotation of the minute control star (14) and the hour control star. (22).
  • a damping mechanism may be considered to avoid adverse dynamic effects on the control mechanism, timing and drive.
  • the rods (1) are cylindrical in shape and have four bands (1 ', 1'') on their entire length, two of which have an identical pattern while the other two are identical to each other but different from the The strips are arranged alternately so that a different pattern appears through the openings (7) of the dial (8) of the watch after each pulse produced by the control device.
  • the rods (1) can be likened to a shape whose cross section comprises four planar surfaces having a tangential projection. This tangential projection makes it possible to reduce the space between the segments and thus improves the reading of the figure. Precious stones can be arranged alternately on two of the four flat surfaces.
  • the minute spiral (12) can be replaced by a cam having N vertices, said cam rotating in N minutes.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromechanical Clocks (AREA)
  • Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)
  • Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)

Abstract

The display has a digit constituted of a mechanism including seven rods (1), for displaying alphanumeric characters, where each rod is pivoted on its longitudinal axis. The rods include two zones corresponding to two rings, which have different aesthetic aspects. A pinion (2) is integrated to one rod and is arranged around each longitudinal axis at a side of an end of the rods, where the pivoting of the rods is actuated through cams (4) which directly or indirectly cooperate with the pinion. An independent claim is also included for a watch comprising a dial.

Description

La présente invention est relative aux affichages digitaux mécaniques, plus particulièrement à un dispositif de commande susceptible de transmettre un mouvement à un affichage digital mécanique incorporé dans une montre- bracelet.The present invention relates to mechanical digital displays, more particularly to a control device capable of transmitting a movement to a digital mechanical display incorporated in a wristwatch.

La majorité des montres-bracelets à affichage de type digital comporte le plus souvent des éléments, tels que des diodes électroluminescentes ayant des propriétés électro-optiques, placés dans un tableau rigide et connectés à un circuit électronique de manière à ce que l'indication horaire désirée soit obtenue par l'excitation de certains segments de chacun des ensembles formant les figures géométriques à partir desquelles l'indication horaire est réalisée.The majority of wristwatches with a digital display usually include elements, such as electroluminescent diodes with electro-optical properties, placed in a rigid board and connected to an electronic circuit so that the time indication desired is obtained by the excitation of certain segments of each of the sets forming the geometric figures from which the time indication is made.

Toutefois, il est déjà connu dans l'état de la technique des affichages digitaux pour montre-bracelet entièrement réalisé mécaniquement. CH 568600 décrit un mécanisme dont les segments sont réalisés par le dépôt de tritium sur le cadran de la montre. Lesdits segments peuvent être masqués par des plaques disposées sur des bascules sous forme de leviers coudés. Ces dernières sont commandées au moyen de cames, elles-mêmes entraînées par un mouvement horloger. Le pivotement des bascules coudées permet de déplacer les plaques parallèlement à elles-mêmes de façon à recouvrir les segments adéquats. Il est évoqué la possibilité de déposer directement le tritium sur les bascules qui pourraient être des corps de révolution. Ces corps de révolution apparaissent partiellement dans les fentes du cadran et sont entraînés par des cames.However, it is already known in the state of the art of digital displays for wristwatch made entirely mechanically. CH 568600 describes a mechanism whose segments are made by the deposition of tritium on the dial of the watch. Said segments can be masked by plates arranged on flip-flops in the form of bent levers. The latter are controlled by means of cams, themselves driven by a watch movement. The pivoting of the bent latches makes it possible to move the plates parallel to themselves so as to cover the appropriate segments. It is mentioned the possibility of directly depositing tritium on the scales that could be bodies of revolution. These bodies of revolution appear partially in the slots of the dial and are driven by cams.

D'autres dispositifs d'affichages digitaux partiellement mécaniques existent dans des domaines voisins tels que l'indication de la mesure de la vitesse ou de la température. FR2543337 divulgue un tel dispositif comportant des éléments d'affichage sous forme de prismes allongés. Ceux-ci font offices de segments constituant un digit et sont susceptibles de pivoter sur leur axe longitudinal respectif. Chaque face du prisme possède une couleur contrastée par rapport aux faces adjacentes afin que l'affichage d'un chiffre soit obtenu par la dissemblance des couleurs visibles au travers de fentes agencées sur un boîtier, la couleur visible étant déterminée par l'orientation du prisme autour de son axe longitudinal.Other partially mechanical digital display devices exist in neighboring areas such as the indication of the measurement of speed or temperature. FR2543337 discloses such a device having display elements in the form of elongate prisms. These make offices of segments constituting a digit and are likely to pivot on their respective longitudinal axis. Each face of the prism has a contrasting color compared to the adjacent faces so that the display of a number is obtained by dissimilarity visible colors through slots arranged on a housing, the visible color being determined by the orientation of the prism around its longitudinal axis.

La rotation de chaque prisme est effectuée par un moteur, soit sept moteurs distincts pour pouvoir commander les sept segments d'un digit.The rotation of each prism is performed by a motor, seven separate motors to control the seven segments of a digit.

Conformément à l'invention, il est présenté un affichage digital mécanique selon la revendication 1. Cet affichage mécanique comporte au moins un digit constitué d'au moins sept segments pour l'affichage de caractères alphanumériques. Chaque segment est un corps sous forme de bâtonnet susceptible de pivoter sur son axe longitudinal, lesdits bâtonnets comportant au moins deux zones s'apparentant à une première et une seconde bandes. Celles-ci comportent un aspect esthétique différent, et sont agencées sur la longueur du bâtonnet de manière à ce que l'orientation du bâtonnet par une rotation autour de son axe longitudinal permet de rendre visible soit la première soit la seconde bande. L'affichage d'un caractère alphanumérique est obtenu par la dissemblance de l'aspect esthétique entre la première et la seconde bande de l'ensemble des bâtonnets. Le pivotement d'un ou de plusieurs bâtonnets afin de substituer la première bande avec la seconde bande ou vice et versa engendre l'affichage de caractères alphanumériques différents. Au moins un pignon, solidaire du bâtonnet, est agencé autour de chaque axe longitudinal à côté d'au moins une des extrémités dudit bâtonnet. Le pivotement des bâtonnets est actionné par l'intermédiaire de cames coopérant directement ou indirectement avec chaque pignon.According to the invention, there is presented a mechanical digital display according to claim 1. This mechanical display comprises at least one digit consisting of at least seven segments for displaying characters. Alphanumeric. Each segment is a body in the form of a rod capable of pivoting on its longitudinal axis, said rods comprising at least two zones similar to a first and a second band. These have a different aesthetic appearance, and are arranged along the length of the rod so that the orientation of the rod by a rotation about its longitudinal axis makes visible either the first or the second band. The display of an alphanumeric character is obtained by the dissimilarity of the aesthetic aspect between the first and the second band of the set of sticks. Pivoting one or more rods to substitute the first tape with the second tape or vice versa results in the display of different alphanumeric characters. At least one pinion, integral with the stick, is arranged around each longitudinal axis adjacent to at least one end of said stick. Pivoting rods is actuated through cams cooperating directly or indirectly with each pinion.

Les caractéristiques de l'invention apparaîtront plus clairement à la lecture d'une description de plusieurs formes d'exécution données uniquement à titre d'exemples nullement limitatifs en se référant aux figures schématiques, dans lesquelles :

  • la Figure 1 représente une vue en perspective de dessus d'un digit constitué des sept bâtonnets susceptibles de pivoter sur leur axe longitudinal respectif selon un premier mode d'exécution de l'invention,
  • la Figure 2 représente une vue de côté de la Figure 1,
  • la Figure 3 représente une vue schématique de dessus du coeur d'un dispositif de commande permettant d'actionner par impulsion le pivotement des bâtonnets de la Figure 1,
  • La Figure 4 représente une vue de dessus de la Figure 3 comportant une première et une deuxième commande pour la correction de l'affichage respectivement du digit des heures et du digit des minutes,
  • la Figure 5 représente une vue détaillée du dispositif de commande comportant un système permettant d'une part la synchronisation de l'affichage des heures avec l'affichage des minutes et d'autre part l'amortissement des impulsions,
  • la Figure 6 représente une vue de la Figure 5 juste avant le basculement d'un premier et d'un second organe de commande en charge de générer des impulsions respectivement toutes les minutes et toutes les heures,
  • la Figure 7 représente une vue de la Figure 5 après le basculement du premier organe de commande et avant le basculement du deuxième organe de commande,
  • la Figure 8 et la Figure 9 représente une section transversale du bâtonnet selon respectivement un deuxième et un troisième mode d'exécution,
  • la Figure 10 représente une vue partielle de dessus d'un cadran de montre illustrant deux digits de l'affichage digital mécanique,
  • la Figure 11 représente une vue d'un train d'engrenages destiné à pivoter un des bâtonnets horizontal.
The characteristics of the invention will emerge more clearly on reading a description of several embodiments given solely by way of non-limiting examples with reference to the schematic figures, in which:
  • the Figure 1 represents a perspective view from above of a digit consisting of the seven rods capable of pivoting on their respective longitudinal axis according to a first embodiment of the invention,
  • the Figure 2 represents a side view of the Figure 1 ,
  • the Figure 3 is a schematic view from above of the heart of a control device for actuating by impulse the pivoting of the rods of the Figure 1 ,
  • The Figure 4 represents a top view of the Figure 3 having a first and a second command for correcting the display of the hour digit and the minute digit respectively,
  • the Figure 5 represents a detailed view of the control device comprising a system allowing, on the one hand, the synchronization of the display of the hours with the display of the minutes and, on the other hand, the damping of the pulses,
  • the Figure 6 represents a view of the Figure 5 just before the switching of a first and a second controller in charge of generating pulses respectively every minute and every hour,
  • the Figure 7 represents a view of the Figure 5 after the tilting of the first control member and before the tilting of the second control member,
  • the Figure 8 and the Figure 9 represents a cross section of the stick according to a second and a third embodiment respectively,
  • the Figure 10 represents a partial view from above of a watch face illustrating two digits of the mechanical digital display,
  • the Figure 11 is a view of a gear train for rotating one of the horizontal rods.

Selon le mode principal de l'invention, l'affichage digital mécanique est adapté pour pouvoir être intégré dans une montre bracelet. Cet affichage comporte quatre digits, respectivement des dizaines d'heure, des heures, des dizaines de minute et des minutes. Chaque digit est constitué d'un mécanisme comportant sept bâtonnets (1), quatre d'entre eux étant verticaux, les trois autres, qui possèdent une longueur plus courte, étant horizontaux.According to the main mode of the invention, the mechanical digital display is adapted to be integrated in a wristwatch. This display has four digits, respectively tens of hours, hours, tens of minutes and minutes. Each digit consists of a mechanism comprising seven rods (1), four of them being vertical, the other three, which have a shorter length, being horizontal.

Chaque bâtonnet (1) comporte quatre faces et est susceptible de pivoter sur son axe longitudinal (3). Un pignon (2) est agencé à coté d'une des extrémités de chaque bâtonnet (1) sur l'axe longitudinal (3) de ce dernier. Le pignon (2) est solidaire du bâtonnet (1) de manière à ce que ce dernier puisse être pivoté lorsque ledit pignon (2) est entraîné afin de pouvoir être positionné à des orientations différentes.Each stick (1) has four faces and is pivotable on its longitudinal axis (3). A pinion (2) is arranged next to one end of each rod (1) on the longitudinal axis (3) thereof. The pinion (2) is integral with the rod (1) so that the latter can be pivoted when said pinion (2) is driven so as to be positioned at different orientations.

Le pivotement de chaque bâtonnet (1) est effectué par l'entraînement du pignon (2) par l'intermédiaire d'une came (4). Sept cames (4) sont donc agencées solidairement à un arbre (5) afin de pouvoir pivoter chacun des sept bâtonnets (1). Quatre des sept cames (4) sont positionnées coaxialement les unes à côtés des autres sur l'arbre (5) à une extrémité du mécanisme constituant le digit. Cet arbre (5) est positionné sur la longueur du mécanisme comportant les sept bâtonnets (1) formant le digit (Figure 2).Pivoting of each rod (1) is effected by driving the pinion (2) via a cam (4). Seven cams (4) are therefore arranged integrally with a shaft (5) in order to pivot each of the seven rods (1). Four of the seven cams (4) are positioned coaxially next to one another on the shaft (5) at one end of the mechanism constituting the digit. This shaft (5) is positioned along the length of the mechanism comprising the seven rods (1) forming the digit ( Figure 2 ).

Deux des quatre cames (4) sont destinées à entraîner directement le pignon (2) respectivement d'un premier et d'un deuxième bâtonnet vertical (1), tandis que les deux autres cames (4) sont destinées à entraîner le pignon (2) respectivement du premier bâtonnet horizontal (1) et du bâtonnet horizontal central (1) par l'intermédiaire d'un premier et d'un deuxième pignon (2') montés sur un deuxième arbre (5') (Figures 1 et 2), lesdits pignons (2') engrainant respectivement avec un premier et un deuxième train d'engrenages (6) (Figure 11).Two of the four cams (4) are intended to directly drive the pinion (2) respectively of a first and a second vertical rod (1), while the two other cams (4) are intended to drive the pinion (2). ) respectively of the first horizontal rod (1) and the central horizontal rod (1) via a first and a second pinion (2 ') mounted on a second shaft (5') ( Figures 1 and 2 ), said gears (2 ') engraining respectively with a first and a second gear (6) ( Figure 11 ).

Trois autres cames (4) sont positionnées coaxialement les unes à côtés des autres à l'autre extrémité du digit sur l'arbre (5). Deux de ces trois cames (4) sont destinées à entraîner directement le pignon (2) respectivement d'un troisième et d'un quatrième bâtonnet vertical (1), tandis que la troisième came (4) est destinée à entraîner par l'intermédiaire d'un troisième train d'engrenages (6) (Figure 11) le dernier bâtonnet horizontal (1).Three other cams (4) are coaxially positioned next to one another at the other end of the digit on the shaft (5). Two of these three cams (4) are intended to directly drive the pinion (2) respectively of a third and a fourth vertical rod (1), while the third cam (4) is intended to drive through a third gear train (6) ( Figure 11 ) the last horizontal stick (1).

Un dispositif de commande, tel que décrit ultérieurement, permet de transmettre aux différentes cames (4) l'énergie nécessaire sous forme d'impulsions pour pouvoir pivoter les bâtonnets (1) de 90° sur leur axe longitudinal (3) afin de rendre visible à travers des ouvertures (7) réalisées sur le cadran (8) de la montre (Figure 10) une autre de ces faces comportant un aspect esthétique différent. L'affichage d'un chiffre est obtenu par la dissemblance de l'aspect esthétique entre les différentes faces visibles de l'ensemble des bâtonnets (1) constituant le digit. Le pivotement d'un ou de plusieurs bâtonnets (1) afin de substituer une face avec une autre comportant un aspect esthétique différent engendre de ce fait l'affichage d'un autre chiffre.A control device, as described later, makes it possible to transmit to the various cams (4) the energy required in the form of pulses in order to be able to rotate the rods (1) by 90 ° on their longitudinal axis (3) in order to make visible through openings (7) made on the dial (8) of the watch ( Figure 10 ) another of these faces having a different aesthetic appearance. The display of a digit is obtained by the dissimilarity of the aesthetic appearance between the different visible faces of all the rods (1) constituting the digit. The pivoting of one or more rods (1) to substitute a face with another having a different aesthetic appearance thereby causes the display of another digit.

Le profil de chaque came (4) a été déterminé de manière à pivoter les bâtonnets (1) adéquats pour afficher successivement les chiffres de 0 à 9 pour le digit des minutes, les chiffres de 0 à 5 pour le digit des dizaines de minutes, les chiffres de 0 à 9 pour le digit des heures et les chiffres de 0 à 2 pour le digit des dizaines d'heure.The profile of each cam (4) has been determined so as to rotate the appropriate rods (1) to successively display the digits from 0 to 9 for the digit of minutes, the digits from 0 to 5 for the digit of tens of minutes, the digits from 0 to 9 for the digit of the hours and the digits from 0 to 2 for the digit of the tens of hours.

Par conséquent, les profils des cames (4) utilisées dans le mécanisme destiné à afficher par exemple le digit des dizaines de minute différent des profils des cames (4) utilisées dans le mécanisme destiné à afficher le digit des minutes puisque le pivotement d'un ou plusieurs bâtonnets (1) doit être effectué de manière à afficher successivement uniquement les chiffres de 0 à 5, le pivotement des bâtonnets (1) constituant le digit des dizaines de minute intervenant de surcroît dix fois moins souvent que pour les bâtonnets (1) constituant le digit des minutes.Consequently, the profiles of the cams (4) used in the mechanism intended to display, for example, the digit of tens of minutes different from the profiles of the cams (4) used in the mechanism intended to display the digit of the minutes since the pivoting of a or several rods (1) must be carried out so as to display successively only the digits from 0 to 5, the pivoting of the rods (1) constituting the digit of tens of minutes intervening moreover ten times less often than for the rods (1) constituting the minute digit.

Chaque face visible des bâtonnets (1) peut être sertie de plusieurs pierres précieuses. Par exemple, une face peut être sertie exclusivement de diamants transparents alors que la face suivante peut être sertie exclusivement de diamants noirs. Une multitude de configurations peut-être réalisée. Une attention particulière sera portée cependant sur le choix du revêtement entre la première face et la face rendu visible après la rotation de 90° du bâtonnet (1) afin d'assurer un contraste adéquate pour faciliter la lecture de l'affichage.Each visible face of the sticks (1) can be set with several precious stones. For example, a face can be set exclusively with transparent diamonds while the next face can be set exclusively with black diamonds. A multitude of configurations can be realized. Particular attention will be paid, however, to the choice of the coating between the first face and the face made visible after the 90 ° rotation of the stick (1) to ensure adequate contrast to facilitate the reading of the display.

L'affichage digital mécanique comporte un dispositif de commande. Celui-ci permet d'adapter l'affichage digital mécanique sur un mouvement horloger de base, par exemple du type Valjoux™.The mechanical digital display comprises a control device. This makes it possible to adapt the mechanical digital display to a basic clockwork movement, for example of the Valjoux ™ type.

Ce dispositif comporte un premier organe de commande destiné à d'une part transformer le mouvement du mobile des secondes du mouvement horloger en une impulsion se produisant toutes les minutes, et d'autre part de transmettre cette impulsion, par l'intermédiaire d'un train d'engrenages des minutes (9), de manière à imprimer un mouvement rotatif aux sept cames (4) des mécanismes constituant respectivement le digit des minutes et le digit des dizaines de minute afin de permettre le pivotement des bâtonnets (1) de manière instantanée ou quasi-instantanée.This device comprises a first control member intended to firstly transform the movement of the seconds mobile of the watch movement into a pulse occurring every minute, and secondly to transmit this pulse, via a gear train of the minutes (9), so as to print a rotary movement to the seven cams (4) of the mechanisms respectively constituting the digit of the minutes and the digit of tens of minutes in order to allow the pivoting of the rods (1) so as to instant or almost instantaneous.

Un deuxième organe de commande est destiné, quant à lui, à transformer le mouvement de la chaussée du mouvement horloger en une impulsion se produisant toutes les heures, le pivotement des bâtonnets (1) formant le digit des heures et le digit des dizaines d'heures s'effectuant sur le même principe évoqué ci-dessus.A second control member is intended, for its part, to transform the movement of the pavement of the watch movement into an impulse occurring every hour, the pivoting of the sticks (1) forming the digit of the hours and the digit of the tens of hours taking place on the same principle mentioned above.

Le premier organe de commande de l'affichage des deux digits respectivement des dizaines de minute et des minutes comporte une bascule des minutes (10) susceptible de pivoter sur l'axe (11) et un colimaçon des minutes (12), celui-ci étant agencé solidairement au mobile des secondes du mouvement horloger, ledit colimaçon (12) effectuant par conséquent une rotation complète chaque minute. L'une des extrémités de la bascule des minutes (10) coopère avec le pourtour du colimaçon des minutes (12), alors que l'autre de ses extrémités est muni d'un doigt rabattable (13) susceptible d'entraîner, d'au moins un pas, une étoile de commande des minutes (14) solidaire d'une première roue (15) du train d'engrenages des minutes (9).The first controller of the display of the two digits respectively tens of minutes and minutes includes a minute latch (10) pivotable on the axis (11) and a minute spiral (12), the latter being arranged integrally with the moving seconds of the watch movement, said spiral (12) therefore performing a complete rotation every minute. One end of the minute latch (10) cooperates with the periphery of the spiral minutes (12), while the other of its ends is provided with a folding finger (13) capable of causing, of at least one step, a minute control star (14) integral with a first wheel (15) of the minute gear train (9).

Le profil du colimaçon (12) permet d'accumuler progressivement une certaine énergie mécanique qui est transmise par la bascule des minutes (10) à son ressort de rappel (non illustré). Lorsque l'arrête (16) du colimaçon des minutes (12) chevauche l'extrémité de la bascule (10) (Figure 6), l'énergie accumulée dans le ressort de rappel est transmise à la première roue (15) du train d'engrenages des minutes (9) sous l'action du doigt (13) sur l'étoile de commande des minutes (14), l'impulsion étant générée par le pivotement de ladite bascule (10) sur l'axe (11). Cet organe de commande permet donc de transformer le mouvement rotatif du mobile de seconde du mouvement horloger en une seule impulsion ayant assez d'énergie pour permettre le pivotement des bâtonnets (1) au travers des divers engrenages (6, 9) et des cames (4).The profile of the spiral (12) gradually accumulates a certain mechanical energy that is transmitted by the latch minute (10) to its return spring (not shown). When the stop (16) of the minute spiral (12) overlaps the end of the rocker (10) ( Figure 6 ), the energy accumulated in the return spring is transmitted to the first wheel (15) of the minute gear train (9) under the action of the finger (13) on the minute control star (14) , the pulse being generated by the pivoting of said rocker (10) on the axis (11). This control member thus makes it possible to transform the rotary movement of the second mobile of the watch movement into a single pulse having enough energy to enable the sticks (1) to be pivoted through the various gears (6, 9) and the cams ( 4).

Le train d'engrenages des minutes (9) comporte un premier renvoi (17) à 90° destiné à transmettre l'impulsion par l'intermédiaire d'autres rouages (non illustré) à l'arbre (5) du digit respectivement des minutes et des dizaines de minutes. Les arbres (5) du digit des minutes et des dizaines de minutes sont ainsi animés d'un mouvement axial, chacun des arbres (5) entraînant les sept cames (4). Chacune des sept cames (4) de chaque digit est ainsi animée d'un mouvement rotatif intermittent de manière à pouvoir pivoter un des bâtonnets (1) constituant respectivement le digit des minutes et le digit des dizaines de minute.The minute gear train (9) has a 90 ° first return (17) for transmitting the pulse via other gearing (not shown) to the digit shaft (5) respectively and tens of minutes. The shafts (5) of the digit of minutes and tens of minutes are thus animated by an axial movement, each of the shafts (5) driving the seven cams (4). Each the seven cams (4) of each digit is thus animated with an intermittent rotary motion so as to be able to pivot one of the rods (1) respectively constituting the digit of the minutes and the digit of tens of minutes.

Le deuxième organe de commande de l'affichage des deux digits respectivement des dizaines d'heure et des heures comporte une bascule des heures (18) susceptible de pivoter sur l'axe (19) et un colimaçon des heures (20), celui-ci étant agencé solidairement à une étoile de 60 (21) montée sur la chaussée du mouvement horloger, ledit colimaçon (20) effectuant par conséquent une rotation complète chaque heure.The second control element of the display of the two digits respectively tens of hours and hours comprises an hours latch (18) pivotable on the axis (19) and a spiral of hours (20), the latter it being arranged integrally with a star of 60 (21) mounted on the pavement of the watch movement, said spiral (20) thus performing a complete rotation every hour.

L'une des extrémités de la bascule des heures (18) est susceptible d'entraîner, par l'intermédiaire d'un second doigt rétractable (13'), une étoile de commande des heures (22) agencée à engrainer avec un deuxième renvoi à 90° (23). Ladite bascule (18) comporte une saillie (24) destinée à coopérer avec le pourtour du colimaçon des heures (20).One end of the hours latch (18) is capable of driving, via a second retractable finger (13 '), an hour control star (22) arranged to engrain with a second reference at 90 ° (23). Said rocker (18) has a projection (24) intended to cooperate with the periphery of the spiral hours (20).

La transformation du mouvement de la chaussée en une impulsion se produisant toutes les heures sur l'étoile de commande des heures (22) est obtenue sur le même principe tel que décrit précédemment. Le renvoi à 90° (23) est destiné à transmette l'impulsion par l'intermédiaire d'autre rouages (non illustré) aux arbres (5) respectivement du digit des heures et du digit des dizaines d'heure.The transformation of the movement of the roadway into an impulse occurring hourly on the hour control star (22) is obtained on the same principle as described above. The 90 ° return (23) is intended to transmit the pulse via other wheels (not shown) to the shafts (5) of the hour digit and the digit of the tens of hours, respectively.

Le premier et le deuxième organe de commande sont liés par un système permettant d'une part la synchronisation du pivotement des deux bascules (10, 18) afin d'assurer l'incrémentation du digit respectivement des heures et des minutes quasi simultanément, et d'autre part l'amortissement des impulsions générées par lesdites bascules (10, 18).The first and the second control members are linked by a system that makes it possible, on the one hand, to synchronize the pivoting of the two flip-flops (10, 18) so as to ensure the incrementation of the digit respectively of the hours and minutes almost simultaneously, and of on the other hand the damping of the pulses generated by said flip-flops (10, 18).

Ce système comporte un embrayage unidirectionnel (25) monté coaxialement sur un pignon (26), ledit pignon (26) étant destiné à être entraîné par une crémaillère (27) faisant partie intégrante de la bascule des heures (10). Cet embrayage (27) est pourvu, de part et d'autre de son centre, de deux ailettes (28, 28'), l'une et l'autre étant susceptibles de s'appuyer sur une partie du pourtour d'un disque partiel (29) s'apparentant à un croissant de lune. Ce disque partiel (29) est solidaire d'une étoile (30), celle-ci pouvant être entraînée par un doigt (31) solidaire de la bascule des minutes (10).This system comprises a unidirectional clutch (25) coaxially mounted on a pinion (26), said pinion (26) being intended to be driven by a rack (27) forming an integral part of the hours latch (10). This clutch (27) is provided, on either side of its center, with two fins (28, 28 '), one and the other being able to rest on a part of the periphery of a disc partial (29) resembling a crescent moon. This partial disk (29) is integral with a star (30), the latter being drivable by a finger (31) integral with the latch minute (10).

Lorsque le système se retrouve dans la configuration dans laquelle la bascule des minutes (10) est sur le point de pivoter (Figure 6), la séquence des mouvements suivants est enclenchée:

  • la bascule des minutes (10) pivote entraînant d'une part l'étoile de commande des minutes (14) qui entraîne, par l'intermédiaire de la première roue (15), le train d'engrenages des minutes (9), et d'autre part la rotation du disque partiel (29) par l'action du doigt (31) de la bascule (10) sur l'étoile (30),
  • la rotation du disque partiel (29) libère l'embrayage unidirectionnel (25) en désengageant l'une de ses ailettes (28, 28') dudit disque partiel (29) (Figure 7),
  • la crémaillère (27) peut ainsi se déplacer en entraînant le pignon (26), le déplacement de ladite crémaillère (27) assurant d'une part le pivotement de la bascule des heures (18) sur l'axe (19) entraînant l'étoile de commande des heures (22) d'au moins un pas, et d'autre part le positionnement de l'autre des deux ailettes (28, 28') de l'embrayage (25) sur une portion du pourtour du disque partiel (29) (Figure 5).
When the system is in the configuration in which the minute latch (10) is about to rotate ( Figure 6 ), the sequence of the following movements is triggered:
  • the minute latch (10) pivots causing on the one hand the minute control star (14) which drives, via the first wheel (15), the gear train minutes (9), and secondly the rotation of the partial disk (29) by the action of the finger (31) of the rocker (10) on the star (30),
  • the rotation of the partial disk (29) releases the unidirectional clutch (25) by disengaging one of its fins (28, 28 ') from said partial disk (29) ( Figure 7 )
  • the rack (27) can thus move by driving the pinion (26), the displacement of said rack (27) ensuring on the one hand the pivoting of the hours latch (18) on the axis (19) driving the pinion (26). star control hours (22) of at least one step, and secondly the positioning of the other of the two fins (28, 28 ') of the clutch (25) on a portion of the periphery of the partial disk (29) ( Figure 5 ).

L'une des deux ailettes (28, 28') de l'embrayage (25) va dès lors rester en contact permanent avec ce disque partiel (29) pendant une heure amortissant les quelques 59 sauts effectués par la bascule des minutes (10) pendant ce lapse de temps.One of the two fins (28, 28 ') of the clutch (25) will therefore remain in permanent contact with this partial disk (29) for one hour, damping the few 59 jumps made by the minute latch (10). during this lapse of time.

Dans ce mode d'exécution, chacune des faces de chaque bâtonnet (1) comporte deux motifs distincts en alternance.In this embodiment, each of the faces of each stick (1) has two distinct patterns alternately.

Une première commande de correction des minutes (32), susceptible d'être actionnée par un poussoir (33), est agencée de manière à agir simultanément sur l'étoile de commande des minutes (13) et sur l'étoile de 60 (21). Une deuxième commande de correction des heures (34), susceptible d'être actionnée par un poussoir (35), est agencée de manière à agir directement sur l'étoile de commande des heures (22) afin d'incrémenter les heures d'au moins une unité (Figure 4).A first minute correction command (32), operable by a pusher (33), is arranged to act simultaneously on the minute control star (13) and on the star of 60 (21). ). A second hour correction control (34), operable by a pusher (35), is arranged to act directly on the hour control star (22) to increment the hours of at least one unit ( Figure 4 ).

La correction des digits des minutes est effectuée dans un premier temps par un maximum de 59 actions sur le poussoir (33). La correction des heures est effectuée, quant à elle, par un maximum de 11 actions sur le poussoir (35). Les doigts rétractables (13, 13') des deux bascules (10, 18) s'effacent lors de la correction rapide afin de permettre la rotation de l'étoile de commande des minutes (14) et de l'étoile de commandes des heures (22).Correction of minutes digits is performed initially by a maximum of 59 actions on the pusher (33). The correction of the hours is carried out, for its part, by a maximum of 11 actions on the pusher (35). The retractable fingers (13, 13 ') of the two flip-flops (10, 18) are erased during the fast correction to allow the rotation of the minute control star (14) and the hour control star. (22).

Un mécanisme d'amortissement peut être envisagé afin d'éviter des effets dynamiques néfastes sur le mécanisme de commande, la synchronisation et l'entraînement.A damping mechanism may be considered to avoid adverse dynamic effects on the control mechanism, timing and drive.

Dans un deuxième mode d'exécution illustré par la Figure 8, les bâtonnets (1) sont de forme cylindrique comportant sur la totalité de leur longueur quatre bandes (1', 1 "). Deux d'entre-elles comporte un motif identique tandis que les deux autres sont identiques entre-elles mais différent des deux premières. Les bandes sont agencées en alternance de manière à ce qu'un motif différent apparaisse à travers les ouvertures (7) du cadran (8) de la montre après chaque impulsion produite par le dispositif de commande.In a second embodiment illustrated by the Figure 8 the rods (1) are cylindrical in shape and have four bands (1 ', 1'') on their entire length, two of which have an identical pattern while the other two are identical to each other but different from the The strips are arranged alternately so that a different pattern appears through the openings (7) of the dial (8) of the watch after each pulse produced by the control device.

Dans un autre mode d'exécution tel qu'illustré par la Figure 9, les bâtonnets (1) peuvent s'apparenter à une forme dont la section transversale comporte quatre surfaces planes possédant une projection tangentielle. Cette projection tangentielle permet de réduire l'espace entre les segments et améliore donc la lecture du chiffre. Des pierres précieuses peuvent être agencées en alternance sur deux des quatre surfaces planes.In another embodiment as illustrated by the Figure 9 , the rods (1) can be likened to a shape whose cross section comprises four planar surfaces having a tangential projection. This tangential projection makes it possible to reduce the space between the segments and thus improves the reading of the figure. Precious stones can be arranged alternately on two of the four flat surfaces.

Il va de soi que l'invention n'est pas limitée aux modes d'exécution décrits ci-dessus mais qu'elle embrasse, au contraire toutes les variantes d'exécution sans sortir de la portée de la revendication 1. A titre d'exemple le colimaçon des minutes (12) peut être remplacé par une came comportant N sommets, ladite came effectuant une rotation en N minutes.It goes without saying that the invention is not limited to the embodiments described above but that it embraces, on the contrary, all embodiments without departing from the scope of claim 1. As For example, the minute spiral (12) can be replaced by a cam having N vertices, said cam rotating in N minutes.

Claims (13)

  1. Mechanical digital display having at least one digit consisting of at least seven segments (1) for displaying alphanumeric characters, each segment (1) being a body in the form of a bar (1) which can pivot on its longitudinal axis (3), said bars (1) having at least two areas resembling a first and a second strip (1', 1"), having different appearances, said strips (1', 1") being arranged along the length of the bar (1) in such a way that the orientation of the bar (1) by a rotation about its longitudinal axis (3) enables either the first or the second strip (1', 1") to be made visible, the display of an alphanumeric character being achieved as a result of the dissimilarity of appearance between the first and the second strip (1', 1") of the set of bars (1), the pivoting of one or more bars (1) to replace the first strip (1') with the second strip (1") or vice versa generating the display of the different alphanumeric characters, characterized in that at least one pinion (2), fixed to the bar (1), is positioned around each longitudinal axis (3) adjacent to at least one of the ends of said bar (1), the bars (1) being pivotable by means of cams (4) interacting directly or indirectly with each pinion (2).
  2. Mechanical digital display according to Claim 1, characterized in that it comprises an operating device designed to transmit a rotary movement to said cams (4) by pulses so that the pivoting of the bars (1) takes place instantaneously or virtually instantaneously.
  3. Mechanical digital display according to Claim 2, characterized in that the bars (1) are regular prisms having four faces, each of the faces showing the first and the second strip (1', 1") alternately, each pulse of the operating device enabling the bar (1) to be pivoted through 90°about its longitudinal axis (3).
  4. Mechanical digital display according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the bars (1) are cylindrical.
  5. Mechanical digital display according to Claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that some of the bars (1) are shorter.
  6. Mechanical digital display according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has four digits indicating the tens of hours, hours, tens of minutes and minutes respectively.
  7. Watch, for example a wristwatch, having the mechanical digital display according to Claim 6.
  8. Watch according to Claim 7, characterized in that a dial (8) is positioned above the mechanical digital display, said dial (8) having apertures (7) corresponding to the seven bars (1).
  9. Watch including a mechanical digital display according to Claim 2, said operating device being characterized in that it has a minutes cam (12) fixed to the seconds wheel of a watch movement, the minutes cam (12) being designed to interact with a minutes yoke (10) which can actuate, by pulses, a minutes star wheel (14) of a minutes gear train (9) designed to operate the bars (1) of the minutes digit and of the tens of minutes digit.
  10. Watch according to Claim 9, characterized in that the operating device also includes an hours cam (20) fixed to the cannon pinion of the watch movement, said cam (20) being designed to interact with an hours yoke (18) which can cause, by pulses, the rotation of an hours star wheel (22) designed to operate, by means of gears, the bars (1) of the hours digit and of the tens of hours digit.
  11. Watch according to Claim 10, characterized in that the operating device also includes a synchronization device enabling the first and second yokes (10, 18) to be pulsed in synchronization, in order to synchronize the display of the tens of hours and hours digits with the display of the tens of minutes and minutes digits.
  12. Watch according to any one of Claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the operating device includes a damping system.
  13. Watch according to any one of Claims 9 to 12, characterized in that the cams (12, 20) are of the type known as snail cams.
EP06020372A 2006-09-28 2006-09-28 Mechanical digital display Not-in-force EP1906266B1 (en)

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AT06020372T ATE414291T1 (en) 2006-09-28 2006-09-28 MECHANICAL DIGITAL DISPLAY
DE602006003664T DE602006003664D1 (en) 2006-09-28 2006-09-28 Mechanical digital display
EP06020372A EP1906266B1 (en) 2006-09-28 2006-09-28 Mechanical digital display
US11/856,881 US7742363B2 (en) 2006-09-28 2007-09-18 Mechanical digital display

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EP1906266B1 true EP1906266B1 (en) 2008-11-12

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AU4889001A (en) * 2000-04-10 2001-10-23 Yo-Wang Kim Manually adjustable display device

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2017102877A1 (en) 2015-12-15 2017-06-22 Hublot Sa, Genève Display device, in particular an alphabetical and/or numerical display device
EP3637198A1 (en) 2018-10-10 2020-04-15 Blancpain SA Mechanical digital display for a timepiece

Also Published As

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US20080295370A1 (en) 2008-12-04
DE602006003664D1 (en) 2008-12-24
EP1906266A1 (en) 2008-04-02
US7742363B2 (en) 2010-06-22
ATE414291T1 (en) 2008-11-15

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