Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D03—WEAVING
  • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
  • D03D39/00—Pile-fabric looms
  • D03D39/22—Terry looms
  • D03D39/223—Cloth control
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D03—WEAVING
  • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
  • D03D49/00—Details or constructional features not specially adapted for looms of a particular type
  • D03D49/04—Control of the tension in warp or cloth
  • D03D49/22—Back rests; Lease rods; Brest beams

Definitions

• the invention relates to a terry loom with devices for supplying a ground warp and a pile warp, with devices for beating up weft yarns and with devices for drawing off cloth, which comprise a breast beam, the to-and-fro motion of at least the breast beam allowing movement of the cloth relative to the device for beating up the weft yarns, and it relates to a breast beam for a terry loom.
• Terry looms of the above-mentioned type have long been known, for example from US 607377 or from US 1595289. Displacement of the breast beam and thus of the fell of the cloth relative to the device for beating up a weft yarn causes variation of the distance from the always constant beat-up line up to which the beating-up device moves. If 1 after a plurality of picks and beat-ups effected at a distance from the fell, the fell is moved closer to the beating-up device, in particular a reed, the previously inserted weft yams are carried along towards the fell. In the process, they move relative to the more tightly tensioned warp yarns of the ground warp, while carrying with them the only loosely tensioned warp yarns of the pile warp. In the process, the warp yarns of the pile warp form loops.
• the cloth is drawn off by means of a driven sand roller, as is also shown in DE 1933911.
• the cloth is guided in such way that the top side of the cloth lies on the circumferential surface of the draw-off roller.
• This circumferential surface of the draw-off roller is such that it exerts the greatest possible frictional force on the cloth.
• the draw-off roller may be provided with a friction covering (previously sand) and is therefore also called a sand roller.
• the cloth runs over a deflection roller and is wound up onto the cloth beam in such a way that the top side of the cloth lies on the outside.
• This arrangement of draw-off roller, deflector and cloth beam is also conventional in looms which weave a plain cloth (EP 0409811 A1 ).
• the object of the invention is to provide a breast beam of maximum rigidity but low mass, such that high weaving speeds are possible.
• This object is achieved in that a sliding table is provided, which connects the breast beam with a cloth table moving therewith.
• the configuration according to the invention of the breast beam provides a relatively low-mass, but a rigid structure with respect to bending.
• An advantageous embodiment of the invention provides for the sliding table to form a structural unit with the breast beam. In this case no relative motion takes place between breast beam, sliding table and cloth table either.
• a further embodiment of the invention provides for the sliding table to comprise a plate which is arranged upstream of the breast beam. This plate forms an additional cloth guide, such that the cloth travels evenly to the breast beam.
• a further embodiment of the invention provides for the plate to merge into the breast beam. This results in a structurally simple configuration, if provision is made, in a further embodiment, for the plate to have an edge in the shape of part of a cylinder, which forms the breast beam.
• This shaft additionally serves to provide further stiffening in the area of the breast beam. For further stiffening, it is advantageous further to provide for the shaft to be supported by means of supporting elements on a supporting bar extending parallel thereto.
• a further embodiment of the invention provides for the plate to be guided by means of at least one linear guide element oriented substantially in the draw-off direction of the cloth.
• a further embodiment of the invention provides for the at least one Mn- ear guide element to serve to accommodate the cloth table.
• the device comprises draw- off roller and a deflecting device provided between breast beam and draw-off roller which deflects the cloth in such a way that the bottom side of the cloth faces the outside of the draw-off roller.
• the rough outer side of the draw-off roller engages with the bottom side of the cloth, so ensuring that the draw-off roller cannot damage the top side of the cloth generally lo- cated on the visible outer side during processing of the cloth. Nonetheless, no arrangement of the draw-off roller which is fundamentally different from conventional machines is necessary. Only the direction of rotation of the draw-off roller has to be changed. In order to obtain the greatest possible angle of wrap between the cloth and the draw-off roller, it is provided that the deflecting device may be attached between breast beam and draw-off roller and deflects the cloth into a loop.
• a further embodiment of the invention provides for the deflecting device to be removable from the loom once a securing device has been loosened. It is thus simply possible to bring the cloth in the form of a loop between breast beam and draw-off roller at the beginning of pro- duction and then to attach the deflecting device.
• the breast beam is swivellable about a shaft parallel thereto and that the loop is located between the draw-off roller and this shaft.
• the deflecting device comprises a deflecting bar, which is held by a supporting bar via one or more supporting elements. In this way, a relatively rigid but dimensionally relatively small deflecting device may be obtained.
• the supporting elements is/are arranged at least approximately on the angle bisector between the branches of the loop of cloth. These then maintain a sufficiently large distance from the draw-off roller, such that damage to the surface thereof is prevented. In addition, enough space then remains to move the breast beam to and fro in the weaving direction on a terry loom.
• a further embodiment of the invention provides for the deflector to be a rotatably mounted roller.
• a breast beam which is intended for a terry loom which comprises devices for supplying a ground warp and for supplying a pile warp and a device for mov- ing cloth which has been formed to and fro relative to a device for beating up weft yarns, wherein the breast beam forms a structural unit with a sliding table and connects the breast beam with a cloth table.
• a breast beam is in itself a commercial item which serves, for example, as a spare part.
• the configuration according to the invention ensures that the breast beam exhibits a relatively low mass in relation to its rigidity.
• a very rigid structure may be provided which serves on the one hand as a breast beam and on the other hand as a sliding table on which the cloth travelling towards the breast beam is guided.
• a method for drawing off cloth produced on a loom, in particular a terry loom, in which the cloth is drawn off by means of a draw-off roller and runs over a breast beam arranged upstream of the draw-off roller, wherein it is provided according to the invention that the cloth is deflected as a loop between the breast beam and the draw-off roller in such a manner that it faces the circumference of the draw-off roller with the same side as it faces the circumference of the breast beam while forming an angle of wrap of approximately at least 180° for the draw-off roller.
• a deflecting device for a loom, in particular for a terry loom, which may be at- tached between a breast beam and a draw-off roller in such a manner that it deflects cloth into a loop extending between breast beam and draw-off roller.
• a deflecting device may also be provided, for example, as a retrofit component for a loom.
• Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of the structure of a terry loom according to the invention
• Fig. 2 shows a partial section through the loom of Fig. 1 in the area of a draw-off roller and a breast beam and a cloth table in the full beat-up position
• Fig. 3 shows a section corresponding to Fig. 2 with the position of the breast beam and of the cloth table in a position corresponding to partial beat-up
• Fig. 4 shows a perspective view of the area of a breast beam without a plate
• Fig. 5 shows a view corresponding to Fig. 4 with plate
• Fig. 6 is a further schematic representation of the structure of a terry loom according to the invention.
• Fig. 7 shows a detail of the terry loom of Fig. 6 on an enlarged scale
• Fig. 8 is a partial view of a deflecting device of Fig. 7,
• Fig. 9 is a view of a deflecting device of Fig. 7viewed contrary to the weaving direction
• Fig. 10 shows a section along line A-A of Fig. 9 and
• Fig. 11 is a side view of a modified embodiment of a deflecting device.
• Fig. 12 is a variant of the detail of the terry loom of Fig. 7.
• the terry loom illustrated schematically in Fig. 1 has a warp beam 10 with a ground warp 11 and a warp beam 12 with a pile warp 13.
• the ground warp 11 is deflected into the weaving plane via a backrest 14.
• the pile warp 13 runs over a deflector 15, which preferably takes the form of an oscillating sheet shaft (shaft of flexible sheet metal), to a backrest 16 and thence likewise into the weaving plane. Both the ground warp 11 and the pile warp 13 travel to shedding devices indi- cated by arrows 17.
• the ground warp 11 runs over a deflector 61 to the backrest 14, such that the ground warp 11 always runs in the same direction to the backrest 14 irrespective of how full the warp beam 10 is.
• a stationary deflector 62 is arranged upstream of the deflector 15, such that the pile warp 13 always runs in the same direction to the deflector 15.
• a warp stop motion 51 is assigned to the ground warp 11 in the area between the backrest 14 and the backrest 16.
• the pile warp 13 also has its own warp stop motion 50 assigned to it in the area in which it is still separated from the ground warp 11.
• the device for inserting weft yarns may take the form, for example, of an air-jet loom device, which conventionally consists of two main noz- zles arranged one behind the other and next to the shed and a row of relay nozzles, which are arranged on a sley 18.
• the blowing direction is directed towards a weft insertion channel of a reed 19.
• the weft yarns are tied up by means of the warp yarns when the shed is changed, i.e. a number of warp yarns are changed from the upper position into the lower position and a number of warp yarns are changed from the lower position into the upper position.
• the cloth 20 formed in this way is drawn off by means of a draw-off roller 21 and then wound onto a cloth beam 22.
• a breast beam 23 and two deflectors 24, 25 are arranged upstream of the draw-off roller 21 driven in the draw-off direction.
• the cloth deflected downwards by the breast beam 23 out of the weaving plane is deflected by the deflector 25 in such a way that the same cloth side (bottom side of cloth) which lies on the breast beam 23 also lies on the circumferential surface of the draw-off roller 21.
• the deflector 25, which takes the form of a component which may be detached from the loom, is removed and only reinstalled when a loop has been formed for the deflector 25 upstream of the draw-off roller 21.
• the backrest 14 of the ground warp 11 , the backrest 16 of the pile warp 13 and the breast beam 23 may be moved to and fro in the direction of double-headed arrows A.
• the backrest 14 of the ground warp 11 is arranged at both ends on a lever 9, which is swivellable about the axis of the deflector 61.
• This lever 9 is provided with an arm 63 which is acted upon by a pressure spring 52.
• the breast beam 23, the construction of which will be explained in more detail below, is mounted on both sides by levers 8 which are swivellable about an axis coaxial with the deflector 24.
• the deflector 24 is supported relative to bearings 77.
• the backrest 16 of the pile warp 13 is held on both sides by levers 3 which are swivellable about a shaft 53 parallel to the backrest 16. Swivelling is effected by means of a separate drive motor 7, which drives swivel levers 4, which are arranged at a spacing corresponding to the maximum cloth width.
• the swivel levers 9 of the backrest 14 of the ground warp 11 are coupled to the swivel levers 4 by means of transmission bars 6 and the levers 3 of the backrest 16 the pile warp 13 are coupled to said levers 4 by means of transmission bars 2.
• the levers 8 are also coupled to the swivel levers 4 by means of transmis- sion bars 5.
• Construction of the device for to-and-fro movement of breast beam 23 and backrest 14 and also of backrest 16 may in detail be configured as described in the parallel German patent application 10 2005 028 126.5 with internal file reference P 45160 DE.
• the backrest 16 is held resiliency, in particular in such a manner as is described in the parallel German patent application 10 2005 028 127.3 with internal file reference P 45163 DE.
• the cloth 20 is displaced in such a way as to cause variation of the distance from the fell 36 of the cloth 20 to the beat-up line 37, i.e. to the line which the reed 19 approaches during beating up of a weft yarn to the fell 36.
• the cloth 20 is moved by moving backrest 14, backrest 16 and breast beam 23 accordingly (to the right in Fig. 1), such that the fell 36 again approaches the beat-up line 37.
• this weft yarn is brought up to the fell 36 with the previously inserted weft yarns.
• the weft yarns slide along the warp yarns of the ground warp 11 , which is relatively tightly tensioned.
• the warp yarns of the pile warp 13 are less tensioned, such that the weft yarns carry the pile warp 13 with them during the beat-up movement, the pile warp thus forming loops which project upwards and downwards out of the surface of the ground warp 11.
• the breast beam 23 has a plate 40, for example a metal plate, which is part of a sliding table 26.
• the plate 40 has an edge 41 in the shape of part of a cylinder, which is mounted on a shaft 27 extending parallel to the draw-off roller 21 by means of rotatably mounted bushes 30.
• the plate 40 lies freely on the bushes.
• the shaft 27 is supported by means of supporting elements 49 on a supporting bar 24 extending parallel to the shaft 27, said bar forming the deflector 24 for the cloth 20.
• the supporting bar 24 is supported in the middle thereof by a support 48 on a crossbar 47, which connects together the two side parts of the loom, which are not shown.
• the bushes 30 are provided with extension pieces 31 , to which upper parts 34 of a linear guide 29 are attached, the lower parts 33 of which are mounted on a shaft 35 mounted parallel to the shaft 27 in the machine frame.
• a plurality of linear guides 29 are distributed over the width of the loom.
• the upper parts 34 and lower parts 33 of the linear guides 29 are guided inside one another in the direction of travel of the cloth.
• At least one of the linear guides may comprise undercut guide elements, for example guide elements undercut in the manner of a dovetail, such that the upper part 34 cannot move away from the lower part 33 ra- dially relative to the shaft 35.
• the lower parts 33 of the other linear guide elements 29 serve merely to support the upper parts 34.
• the plate 40 has a portion with a smooth straight outer surface, which merges tangentially into the edge 41 in the shape of part of a cylinder. In the area upstream thereof the plate 40 is slightly bent. In this area it is attached by means of screws 44 (Fig. 5) to the upper parts 34 of the linear guides 29. Also attached to the upper parts 34 of the linear guides 29 is a profile 28, which serves as a cloth table 39, which provides support close to the fell 36 in the form of a guide surface 43 for the cloth 20 as it is produced.
• the cloth table 39 comprises a projection, which projects into the weft insertion channel, which is present in a reed 19, if weft yarns are inserted using air.
• auxiliary devices 38 such as temples or full-width temples may for example also be attached to the profile 28. Further auxiliary devices 38, such as sel- vage tuck-in devices or cutting devices or the like, may also be attached to this profile 28 or to a further profile 32, likewise arranged on the upper parts 34 of the linear guides 29.
• the levers 8, which hold the shaft 27 on both sides, are swivellably mounted coaxially with the deflector 24 constructed as a supporting bar.
• the cloth 20 extends, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, in a plane from the bearing surface of the cloth table 39 to the edge 41 , shaped as part of a cylinder, of the plate 40, which serves as breast beam 23.
• the smooth portion of the plate 40 serving as sliding table 26 and merging tangentially into the edge 41 shaped as part of a cylinder extends parallel to the cloth 20. It is clear from Fig. 2 and 3 that the cloth 20 re- mains substantially in the same plane in the area between the bearing surface of the cloth table 39 and the breast beam 23 when the breast beam 23 moves between the positions according to Figs. 2 and 3. In the process, there is also virtually no movement between cloth 20 and cloth table 39 and breast beam 23.
• the deflector 25 is a roll, which is held by means of a supporting part 64 between the deflector 24 and the draw-off roller 21 , which takes the form of a needle roller.
• the supporting part 64 is provided with a plurality of pairs of rollers distributed over the cloth width, said pairs of rollers forming a wedge-shaped gap in which the roll 25 is accommodated.
• the breast beam 23, i.e. the plate 40, the linear guides 29 with the cloth table 39, with the profile 32, with the shaft 35 and with the shaft 27 with the supporting elements 49 and the supporting bar 24 serving as a deflector all take the form of one structural unit, which is arranged in holders 45, 46 suitable for attachment to the side parts of a loom.
• the structural unit may be of low-mass and requires little structural space.
• the shaft 27 is secured against sagging or bending, such that high weaving speeds and high warp tensions or high cloth tensions are possible.
• the crossbar 47 is arranged between these two holders 45, 46 and forms a component of the structural unit.
• the holders 45, 46 also form guides for the deflector 25 and the supporting part 64 thereof.
• the plate 40 of the sliding table 26 is of one-piece construction with a cloth table and to be provided with elements formed thereon which constitute the upper parts for the linear guides 29.
• the terry loom illustrated schematically in Fig. 6 has a device for supplying a ground warp 11 drawn off from a warp beam 10 and a device for supplying a pile warp 13 drawn off from a warp beam 12.
• the ground warp 11 is deflected over a backrest 14 into the weaving plane.
• the pile warp 13 runs over a deflector 15 to its own backrest 16 and thence likewise into the weaving plane.
• Both the ground warp 11 and the pile warp 13 travel to shedding devices indicated by arrows 17. Weft yarns are inserted in each case into the sheds which are formed.
• the cloth 20 formed in this way is drawn off by means of a draw-off roller 21 and wound onto a cloth beam 22.
• a breast beam 23 and two deflectors 24, 25 are arranged upstream of the draw-off roller 21 driven in the draw-off direction.
• the breast beam 23 deflects the cloth 20 downwards out of the weaving plane.
• the draw-off roller 21 is driven in known manner, for example by means of its own drive motor or by means of a drive derived from the loom's main drive.
• the draw-off roller 21 may take the form of a sand roller or a needle beam.
• the backrest 14 of the ground warp 11 and the breast beam 23 may be moved to and fro in the same direction in the direction of arrows A. Swivelling of the swivellable backrest 14 and of the swivellable breast beam 23 is effected for example by means of a drive, as described for example in the parallel German patent application 10 2005 028 126.5 with internal file reference P 45160 DE.
• the backrest 16 of the pile warp 13 is likewise driven in the same direction and likewise in the direction of arrows A, to which end a drive correspond- ing to the parallel German patent application 10 2005 028 126.5 with internal file reference P 45160 DE may be provided.
• backrest 16 is held resiliently, as described in the parallel German patent application 10 2005 028 127.3 with internal file reference P 45163 DE.
• the reciprocating drive for backrest 14 and breast beam 23 may also be configured as is known substantially from US 607 377 or US 1595 289.
• the movement of backrest 14 and breast beam 23 causes variation of the distance from the fell to the beat-up line of the reed, i.e., to the beat-up line to which the reed 19 approaches to the fell during beating up of a weft yarn. It is provided, for example, that after beating up a weft yarn to the fell, the fell is moved away from the beat-up line by moving backrest 14 and breast beam 23 to the left in Fig. 6. This position is maintained for example during the next two or four picks. Then the fell is moved back closer to the beat-up line by moving backrest 14 and breast beam 23 accordingly, i.e., to the right in Fig. 6.
• the pile warp 13 are less ten- sioned, such that the weft yarns carry the pile warp with them during the beat-up movement, the pile warp thus forming loops which project up and down from the surface consisting of ground warp 11 and weft yarns.
• Displacement of the cloth 20 relative to the reed 19 and thus to the beat-up line 37 takes place by means of a drive 56, which drives swivel arms 57 arranged on either side of the cloth width.
• Transmission bars 5, 6 are coupled to the swivel arms 57.
• the transmission bars 5 act on swivel levers 8, which receive the breast beam 23.
• the lever 8 is coupled to the transmission bar 5 by means of a bearing device 83.
• the transmission bars 6 act on swivel levers 9, which hold the backrest 14 of the ground warp 11.
• lever arms 71 Provided on the swivel levers 9 are lever arms 71 , which are supported by means of springs 72.
• the breast beam 23 is held at its two ends by means of levers 8, which may be swivelled about a shaft 60 coinciding with the deflector 24.
• the breast beam 23 is part of a sliding table 26 comprising a cloth table 39 and a plate 40.
• the edge 41 , forming the breast beam 23, of the plate 40 takes the form of part of a cylinder and is mounted rotatably on a shaft 27 by means of bearing bushes 30, said shaft being held on both sides by means of swivel levers 8.
• the front end of the plate 40 in the weaving direction is held by means of a linear guide 29, which is formed of a lower part 33 and an upper part 34.
• the lower part 33 is swivellable about a shaft 35 parallel to the breast beam 23.
• the linear guide 29 preferably has a plurality of linear guide elements with lower part 33 and for example also with upper part 34 distributed over the cloth width.
• a deflecting element 25 between breast beam 23 and draw-off roller 21 deflects the cloth 20 in such a way that the bottom side of the cloth 20, which lies against the circumference of the breast beam 23, also comes to lie against the circumference of the draw-off roller 21.
• a loop 54, 55 which is held by the deflecting element 25.
• a further deflecting element 58 Downstream of the draw-off roller 21 there is provided a further deflecting element 58, such that the cloth 20 exhibits the greatest possible angle of wrap with the draw-off roller 21, which is of the order of 270° or more.
• the de- fleeting element 25 belongs to a deflecting device 59, which is inserted into the terry loom after the loop 54, 55 has been laid between breast beam 23 and draw-off roller 21.
• the deflecting element 25 is a bar, which is solid or takes the form of a tube. This is supported against sagging by means of a supporting bar 65, which is likewise solid or tu- bular with a round or rectangular cross-section. Between the deflecting element 25 in the form of a bar and the supporting bar 65 there are arranged supporting elements.
• the deflecting device 59 may be configured approximately in the form of a ladder.
• the supporting bar 65 takes the form of an angle section, which is provided with braces 76.
• the deflecting element 25 is attached non- rotatably by means of fastening elements 66 to the leg of the angle section 65 directed towards the deflecting element 25.
• the deflecting element 25 with its ends 75 is inserted into bearing shells 42 open at the top, which are attached to the side parts 67 of the loom.
• the supporting bar 65 is likewise fixed to the side parts 67.
• abutments 68 are provided on the side parts 67, to which abutments the supporting bar 65 is attached by means of screws 69.
• Fig. 11 shows a modified embodiment in which the deflecting element 25 constructed as a roller is mounted in the bearing shells 42 by means of pivot bearings.
• the roller-shaped supporting element is thus rotated as a result of the friction between its surface and the cloth.
• Support is provided by a supporting bar 65 in the form of an angle corresponding to the exemplary embodiment according to Figs. 9 and 10.
• pillow blocks 73 At the end of the leg 70 of the supporting element directed towards the deflecting element 25 there are attached pillow blocks 73, which carry rollers 74 which support the roller-shaped deflecting element 25.
• the deflecting device 59 first of all the loop is laid between breast beam 23 and draw-off roller 21 , the deflecting device 59 then being inserted into said loop.
• the deflecting device 59 is then secured in the inserted position illustrated by means of the above-mentioned securing elements, i.e. the screws 69.
• the deflecting device 59 is secured laterally of the cloth against diverting movements in the direction of the draw-off roller 21 and the deflector 24. In the exemplary embodiment this is effected by means of the bearing shells 42 provided on the side parts 67.
• the supporting bar 65 for the deflecting element 25 is arranged in such a way that it is arranged substantially on the angle bisector provided between the two branches 54, 55 of the loop. In this way, the supporting bar 65 is subjected to only slight bending stress, such that the deflecting element 25 is not deformed in the direction of the draw-off roller 21 or the breast beam 23.
• the deflector 24 has the effect that the cloth 20 virtually does not move relative to the deflector 24 and thus also does not move relative to the deflecting element 25.
• the friction between the cloth 20 and the deflector 24 and the deflecting element 25 to a considerable extent prevents the cloth 20 from moving relative to the draw- off roller 21 when the breast beam 23 is moved to and fro to produce terry cloth.
• the deflecting device according to the invention may be used in all types of loom and in particular also in all types of terry loom.
• the deflecting device may also be used in a terry loom in which the terry cloth is produced by means of sley adjustment, as is known for example from EP 1 201 807 A1.
• the invention is not restricted to the exemplary embodiment illustrated.
• modifications are possible with regard to the deflecting device 59, which may be modified in particular with regard to the bracing of the deflecting bar 25.
• Fig. 12 another embodiment is shown, where a part 82 of the cloth 20 is deflected by a deflector element 79 arranged between the deflector 24 and the draw-off roller 21.
• the deflector element 79 consists of a flexible plate and is intended to bring the orientation of the pile loops of the cloth 20 in the same direction before the cloth 20 comes into contact with the outer side of the draw-off roller 21.
• the deflector element 79 is supported by a crossbar 78 extending between the side parts of the loom. Downstream of the draw-off roller 21 , the cloth 20 is further guided by means of deflectors 80 and 81. In this embodiment the top side of the cloth 20 is guided along the outer side of the draw-off roller 21.
• the draw-off roller 21 is arranged approximately in the vicinity below the shaft 35, whereby the cloth 20 is guided around the deflector 24. In this embodiment, the bottom side of the cloth 20 will contact the outer side of the draw-off roller 21.
• the invention is not restricted to the exemplary embodiments illustrated nor to a terry loom which operates with weft yarn insertion in the manner of air-jet looms.
• the invention may also be used straightfor- wardly in terry looms which take the form of rapier looms, projectile looms, shuttle looms, gripper shuttle looms, water jet looms or any other type of loom.
• weft insertion devices may be provided as are known from looms other than air-jet looms, for example the weft insertion systems found in looms with grippers, shuttle looms, projectile looms, gripper shuttle looms or other looms.

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