EP1883825A1 - Systeme de detection de la vitesse de rotation d'une roue a securite intrinseque - Google Patents

Systeme de detection de la vitesse de rotation d'une roue a securite intrinseque

Info

Publication number
EP1883825A1
EP1883825A1 EP06755232A EP06755232A EP1883825A1 EP 1883825 A1 EP1883825 A1 EP 1883825A1 EP 06755232 A EP06755232 A EP 06755232A EP 06755232 A EP06755232 A EP 06755232A EP 1883825 A1 EP1883825 A1 EP 1883825A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sensor
signal path
encoder
magnetic field
signal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP06755232A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Klaus Rink
Wolfgang Fritz
Peter Lohberg
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Continental Teves AG and Co OHG
Original Assignee
Continental Teves AG and Co OHG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Continental Teves AG and Co OHG filed Critical Continental Teves AG and Co OHG
Publication of EP1883825A1 publication Critical patent/EP1883825A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/244—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing characteristics of pulses or pulse trains; generating pulses or pulse trains
    • G01D5/245—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing characteristics of pulses or pulse trains; generating pulses or pulse trains using a variable number of pulses in a train
    • G01D5/2451—Incremental encoders
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
    • G01P3/00—Measuring linear or angular speed; Measuring differences of linear or angular speeds
    • G01P3/42—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means
    • G01P3/44—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed
    • G01P3/48—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed by measuring frequency of generated current or voltage
    • G01P3/481—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed by measuring frequency of generated current or voltage of pulse signals
    • G01P3/487—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed by measuring frequency of generated current or voltage of pulse signals delivered by rotating magnets
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/244—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing characteristics of pulses or pulse trains; generating pulses or pulse trains
    • G01D5/24428—Error prevention
    • G01D5/24433—Error prevention by mechanical means
    • G01D5/24438—Special design of the sensing element or scale
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/244—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing characteristics of pulses or pulse trains; generating pulses or pulse trains
    • G01D5/24457—Failure detection
    • G01D5/24461—Failure detection by redundancy or plausibility
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/244—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing characteristics of pulses or pulse trains; generating pulses or pulse trains
    • G01D5/24471—Error correction
    • G01D5/24476—Signal processing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
    • G01P21/00—Testing or calibrating of apparatus or devices covered by the preceding groups
    • G01P21/02—Testing or calibrating of apparatus or devices covered by the preceding groups of speedometers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
    • G01P3/00—Measuring linear or angular speed; Measuring differences of linear or angular speeds
    • G01P3/42—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means
    • G01P3/44—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed
    • G01P3/48—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed by measuring frequency of generated current or voltage
    • G01P3/481—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed by measuring frequency of generated current or voltage of pulse signals
    • G01P3/489—Digital circuits therefor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for speed detection according to the preamble of claim 1, an arrangement for speed detection of a wheel or other rotating body according to the preamble of claim 3 and a sensor module for avoiding or suppressing the measurement of interfering magnetic field components according to claim 15.
  • Active sensors for the automotive sector are known several times. They are available in 2-wire version and in 3-wire version. The description of the invention is based on the example of the 2-wire design, as they are common for brake systems. However, it is within the spirit of the invention to apply the principle to 3-wire embodiments, e.g. is widespread in engine and / or transmission applications.
  • FIG. 1 a a sensor 1 and an ECU (electronic control device of the ABS controller, or generally an electronic control unit) 2 are electrically connected to one another via a two-wire line 3, 4. Operation of the sensor requires an operating voltage VB provided by the ECU at terminals Ki, K2. Via the sensor, a signal current Is flows back to the ECU, the magnitude of which changes in time with a speed information generated by an encoder 5 and decoded in the ECU.
  • Fig. Ib a sensor 6 and an ECU 7 via a 3-wire line 8, 9, 10 electrically connected to each other.
  • an operating voltage VB is also required here, which is provided by the ECU at the terminals Ki ', K2'.
  • the sensor returns via terminal K3 a signal voltage Vs to the ECU containing the sensory information.
  • the wheel speed sensor 1 contains a sensor module consisting of the magnetoresistive sensor element S, which is connected to an electronic signal conditioning stage SC.
  • the sensor element is coupled to the encoder E via a magnetic field H.
  • the wheel speed rotating encoder modulates the air gap field H with an incremental pattern containing the wheel speed information.
  • Sensor element S and the signal conditioning stage SC generate from this air gap field modulation a signal voltage for controlling a modulator stage M, which in turn controls a current source 11, so that the incremental pattern of the encoder is imaged as an impressed signal current IsI.
  • Sensors for the bidirectional detection of wheel speeds and / or the transmission of additional (diagnostic) parameters can be schematized according to FIG.
  • the signal conditioning stage is split into paths WS and ZI.
  • Stage WS is used to process the wheel speed information from the encoder signal
  • ZI is used for the separate preparation of additional information from the sensor / encoder interface.
  • additional information On can be, for example, the direction of rotation and the air gap.
  • the signals processed by WS and ZI are combined to form a control signal for the modulator stage M, which in turn controls a current source 11, so that the protocol of wheel speed and additional functions contained in the control signal is mapped as impressed signal current Is2.
  • a 3-level protocol or a pulse width modulation (PWM) protocol is currently used.
  • ferromagnetic gears or perforated disks can be used as encoders, which in combination with a permanent magnet generate a variable magnetic air gap, on the other hand they can be permanently magnetized north / south pole areas, which are connected in an alternating sequence in e.g. a wheel bearing seal are introduced.
  • the required auxiliary magnets are integrated into the sensor as a mechanical component of the sensor module.
  • the explanation of the invention is further limited to the essential technical application, namely the combination of magnetoresistive sensors with permanently magnetized encoders, but it is possible for the skilled person to apply the principles of the invention directly to combinations with ferromagnetic encoders, which is also in the spirit of the invention ,
  • FIG. 3 shows reference directions and characteristic curves used here for explaining specific physical circumstances of magnetoresistive sensor elements in connection with the desired improvements according to the invention.
  • FIG. 3a shows a magnetoresistive special sensor module 12 according to FIG its geometric orientation to a permanently magnetized encoder track 13 in wheel speed operation.
  • the encoder track lies flat in the XY plane and moves relative to the sensor element in the Y direction.
  • Part 14 of the sensor module includes a bridge circuit 16 of four magnetoresistive permalloy (barber pole) resistors 17, as shown in Fig.3b.
  • the layer of resistive layers like that of the encoder, runs parallel to the XY plane.
  • 3c shows the operating characteristic signal voltage Vss as a function of the magnetic air gap field strengths Hy, HxI and Hy, Hx2.
  • Hy is the magnetic field component in the direction of the encoder track and Hx is a magnetic field component of the encoder in the transverse direction thereto.
  • HxI and Hx2 are in this case mutually oppositely oriented field components in the x-direction.
  • FIG. 3 c shows that changing HX 1, HX 2 components of the encoder magnetization lead to mirror-image characteristic curves 18, 19. The change of the characteristic associated with the changing signs of the Hx components happens abruptly and is referred to as 'flipping' or 'flipping'. Flipping leads to an undesired distortion (doubling) of the encoder signal and is disturbing for the wheel speed detection.
  • the flipping is avoided in that a so-called bias magnet 15 with polarization in the X direction generates a so-called support field that is greater than the components HxI, Hx2 and therefore fixes one of the two characteristics, eg 18 ,
  • Fig.4a shows an encoder viewed from the XZ plane with its magnetic field 20, emerging from the magnetic track 21 to a ferromagnetic conclusion from sheet metal 22.
  • the field lines of the encoder track occur in a wide central area parallel in the Z direction.
  • the outlet direction also inclines in the X direction.
  • These Hx components are inhomogeneous and are not desirable in terms of speed measurement. With only a slight offset of the sensor module 12 with respect to the center line, as illustrated in FIG. 4a, no significant Hx component is effective, so that the field strength of the bias magnet 15 always predominates and the characteristic curve 18 is stably impressed.
  • the sensor In the case of an encoder according to FIG. 4b, the sensor, with the same offset relative to the central position, enters a field line region which already contains considerable Hx components, so that the characteristic stability is endangered.
  • the hazard becomes critical when the encoder has only a narrow magnetic read track and / or has strong magnetization and / or the sensor module is positioned relatively far out of the center of the read track and / or the sensor module is positioned very close to the encoder surface. Due to the very strong influence of one of these parameters or the combination of several of these parameters, therefore, a critical case may occur in which the above-mentioned flipping occurs.
  • the invention is based on the object to counteract or prevent the occurrence of the flipping described above or to propose a technology in general, which increases the intrinsic safety of a sensor module so that unwanted flipping is prevented or suppressed or automatically detected and the sensor module signals this state to the ECU.
  • the object is achieved by a method for speed detection according to claim 1, an arrangement for speed detection of a wheel or other rotating body according to claim 3 and a sensor module for preventing or suppressing the measurement of interfering field components according to claim 15.
  • the invention is based on the idea of using two signal paths, each with at least one sensor, these signal paths having a metrologically different design with respect to the detection of magnetic fields modulated by a moving magnet encoder.
  • the principle of the arrangement according to the invention consists essentially in that regularly (for equality of the output signals), the output signal of a signal path is evaluated by the electronic control unit, while inequality of the output signals of the two signal paths, the output signal of the other signal path is evaluated.
  • both output signals which can make a statement about the speed of the monitored wheel, for example, are the same, obtained by the inventive arrangement increased security on the accuracy of the determined speed.
  • inequality of the output signals it makes sense to use the signal path with the control unit. bind, which is more likely to provide the correct information.
  • a bias magnet is understood as meaning both a permanent magnet and an electromagnet which is used to generate a defined off-set magnetic field strength.
  • a magnetic field sensor element is understood to mean a sensor element which can detect magnetic fields and convert and output defined variables of these fields into a suitable measured variable, that is to say in particular magneto-electrical transducer elements, such as, for example, GMR sensor elements or Hall bridges.
  • a sensor module is understood to be a module which has at least one sensor element, but not necessarily an electronic circuit for signal evaluation and not necessarily an electronic circuit for digital data processing. However, it is possible and provided that both an electronic circuit for signal evaluation, and optionally an electronic circuit for digital data processing can be integrated in a sensor module.
  • the sensor module may be part of an arrangement proposed according to the invention.
  • the first signal path has a considerably greater sensitivity than the second signal path. On the one hand, it responds to weak signals from the encoder on the one hand, but on the other hand, even slight interfering signals can falsify the result. In this case, it is then switched to the second signal path, which is less susceptible to interference. Practically can be significantly increased by these combinations, the tolerance of the arrangement with respect to their mounting position. If the distance between the sensor element of the first signal path and the encoder is very small, erroneous information of the first signal path can not be ruled out. At this small distance but the second signal path is likely to output the correct information.
  • the sensor elements of the two signal paths are arranged in a common housing and preferably have a common bias magnet
  • a sensor module is proposed for avoiding or suppressing the measurement of interfering magnetic field components which are modulated by movements of a magnetic encoder.
  • This sensor module consists of at least one first and one second magnetic field sensor element and at least one bias magnet, wherein with respect to a Cartesian coordinate system of the magnetic encoder with respect to its coding surface, which is spanned by its radii, is arranged substantially parallel to the xy plane, that the bias magnet with respect its magnetization direction and the magnetic field sensor elements are aligned with respect to their respective sensor surface substantially parallel to the coding of the Magnetcoders and thus parallel to the x-axis and that the first magnetic field sensor element and the second magnetic field sensor element are arranged differently with respect to their spacing in the z-direction to the magnetic encoder.
  • the, in particular two, magnetic field sensors of the sensor module have different sensitivities.
  • the magnetic field sensor elements and the bias magnet of the sensor module relative to each other and with respect of the magnetic encoder are arranged such that the first magnetic field sensor element detects the magnetic field components modulated by the magnetic encoder at a higher level than the at least one other magnetic field sensor element and the second magnetic field sensor element generates magnetic field components in the x direction caused by the bias magnet detected with at least one defined level stronger than modulated magnetic field components in the x direction by the magnet encoder.
  • the field of application of the arrangement according to the invention is not limited to rotating wheels but can also be effectively used analogously for linear movements. With particular advantage, however, the invention is applied according to the features of claim 6.
  • signals are derived by the arrangement, which describe the state of the arrangement and thus created in the evaluation of the output of the arrangement information the possibility to consider the state of this arrangement.
  • the proposed arrangement is preferably used for intrinsically safe wheel speed detection with so-called active sensors with sensor elements based on, in particular anisotropic, magnetoresistive effect.
  • the invention can in The entire area of plant and mechanical engineering are used, but especially in the automotive sector, this again mainly in the field of electronically controlled braking systems.
  • both the proposed method, as well as the inventive arrangement, and the sensor module according to the invention can be used individually or in combination with each other.
  • Fig. 5 in the form of a block diagram of the basic structure of the arrangement according to the invention
  • Fig. 8 shows a first embodiment of the spatially separated signal paths
  • Fig. 9 shows a second embodiment of the spatially separated signal paths
  • FIG. 5 shows an exemplary arrangement, consisting of an encoder 23 the intrinsically safe sensor 24, connected to the ECU 25.
  • a wheel speed signal is processed via an associated signal conditioning stage 26, 27.
  • a wheel speed sensor of the type shown in Fig.2b is derived from the sensor element Sl additional information ZIl, which corresponds in their functionality to that under ZI in Fig.2b written.
  • the signal frequencies of stages 26 and 27 are compared in a frequency comparator stage 28 for coincidence.
  • the comparator stage 28 generates as a result protocol a status bit regarding the match or mismatch of the signal frequencies.
  • the comparator stage 28 controls an electronic switch 29, which alternatively connects the signal path coming from S1, 26 or from S2, 27 to a signal logic 30, while the signal paths of the additional information Z11, ZI2 are always connected to this signal logic 30.
  • the signal logic generates therefrom a signal protocol that is mapped via the modulator M and the current source 11 as a signal current pattern and reaches the ECU 25.
  • An exemplary condition for the interpretation of the sensory sensitivity of the more sensitive path is given by the fact that the more sensitive path with (eg 6dB) safety no longer be endangered by flipping when an air gap length is reached at which the signal of the insensitive path with (eg 6dB) safety above the noise can be detected.
  • Fig. 6 shows currently used signal protocols and Possibilities to transmit diagnostic information regarding flipping to the ECU.
  • Fig. 6a shows the 2-level protocol that has become established as the standard for unidirectional wheel speed sensing.
  • the state of flipping against the ECU is indicated by a constant quiescent level.
  • Fig. 6b shows a 3-level protocol also used by the automotive industry. While the speed information on the level Ih is detected, various additional information such as direction of rotation, air gap measure in a series of bits in the level range Im and Il are encoded. There is the advantageous possibility of using one of these bits for encoding the flip state. In conjunction with the existing air gap diagnosis, a significantly improved installation safety can be controlled.
  • Fig. 6c illustrates a PWM protocol also used by the automotive industry. Here, the state of flipping over a certain pulse width ratio relative to the ECU can be reported.
  • the first alternative concept is based on the use of a mutually spatial offset of two equally sensitive sensory structures (eg bridges) in the Z direction in relation to the XY direction. Level of the encoder.
  • the second alternative concept is based on the use of two differently sensitive sensory structures in a plane parallel to the XY plane of the encoder.
  • the third concept is the combination of two sensory structures with different spatial displacements in the Z direction with respect to the XY plane of the encoder.
  • FIG. 7 shows the concept of an exemplary sensor module in which two sensory structures, predominantly bridge structures, offset from one another in the Z direction, which according to the invention can have identical as well as unequal sensory sensitivities to a same magnetic reference field strength.
  • two silicon carriers 32, 33 with sensitive bridge structures, or magnetic field sensor elements 34, 35 are introduced.
  • the spatial offset in the Z-direction is created by the back-to-back arrangement of these two chips.
  • a separate bias magnet 36 with polarization in the X direction biases the two sensory layers due to their spatial offset in the Z direction with different field strengths Hx compared to the field components of an encoder 37, with magnetic layer 21 and iron yoke 22 before magnetic.
  • the read track of the sensor is offset from the center track of the encoder in the X direction, so that a disturbing Hx component 38 counteracts the bias fields, which could lead to flipping.
  • the exemplary sensor module now uses the following technical counter-tendencies in order to determine both the required maximum sensitive path and, at the same time, the maximum finned-resistant observer.
  • the distance L3 to the bias magnet is relatively large while the distance L4 to the surface of the encoder is relatively small, ie with a relatively weak bias component Hx a relatively strong magnetic component Hy of the encoder acts.
  • the structure / magnetic field sensor element 35 is thus highly sensitive as required. The opposite is the case with the sensor structure / magnetic field sensor element 34.
  • the distance Ll to the bias magnet is relatively low while the distance L2 to the surface of the encoder is relatively large, ie with a relatively strong bias component Hx affects only a relatively weak disturbing negative component of the encoder, which can no longer cause flipping.
  • the most technically favorable combination of the following parameter variation options can be used:
  • FIG. 8 shows the diagram of a further exemplary embodiment of a sensor module according to the concept of FIG. 8a is a spatial representation of the sectional sketch Fig.8b.
  • the bias magnet 39 is applied to the leadframe 40 as a magnetic layer (e.g., as SmCo).
  • the leadframe spurs 41 and a leadframe counterpart 42 form the 2-wire connections of a sensor module (the required housing spout 47 is not shown).
  • a silicon chip 43 with ASIC 44 which serves for signal conditioning up to signal current generation according to FIG.
  • Two silicon carriers 433, 444 with magnetoresistive bridges 45, 46 are present on this ASIC at a lateral distance from one another, the bridge 46 in flip-chip technology and the bridge 45 in the bonding technology being electrically connected to the ASIC.
  • an encoder track 48 serves 45 as a magnetic field sensor element of the sensitive path and 46 as a flip-resistant magnetic field sensor element of the observing path.
  • FIG. 9 shows two other variants of sensor modules. Common to both variants is the layering of a leadframe 40, a bias magnet 39, a silicon chip 43 with ASIC 44, as already known from FIG. 8, with the difference that in this case the magnetic layer is not on the leadframe but on the back side of the silicon Chips 43 is applied.
  • FIG. 9a a stack of two silicon chips 49, 51 which are mechanically fixed to one another 'back-to-back' is transferred the magnetic field sensor element 52 is electrically contacted to the ASIC by flip-chip technology while the magnetic field sensor element 50 is connected to the ASIC via bond connections.
  • the entire arrangement according to FIG. 9a has the functional elements of a sensor module.
  • a single silicon chip 53 as a carrier of two magnetoresistive sensor elements 54, 55 replaces the stack 49, 51 according to FIG. 9a with otherwise identical functionality.
  • FIG. 10 shows an exemplary embodiment of the alternative concept of two sensory structures offset in the same XY plane, mainly bridge structures, which have unequal sensory sensitivities to a same magnetic reference field strength.
  • a silicon substrate 57 with sensitive bridge structures, or magnetic field sensor elements 58, 59 is introduced in a housing made of plastic 56.
  • the spatial offset of these two bridge structures or sensor elements takes place in the plane of the silicon carrier parallel to the XY plane of the encoder 37.
  • a separate bias magnet 36 with polarization in the X direction biases the two sensory layers due to their spatial offset in X and / or Y.
  • the read track of the sensor module is offset from the center track of the magnetic encoder in the X direction, so that a disturbing Hx component 38 counteracts the bias fields, which could lead to flipping.
  • the exemplary embodiment now uses a technical possibility illustrated in FIG. 11, the intrinsic anisotropy of a magnetoresistive structure to vary widely to realize both the required maximum sensitive path and the maximum finned resistant path simultaneously. It is known that the height of the self-anisotropy HO of a strip resistor 60 made of permalloy (as the most important magnetoresistive material) essentially depends on the ratio of the strip width to the layer thickness, as indicated in the formula for HO and can thus be varied within wide limits.
  • the sensitive path requires a sensor with low intrinsic anisotropy, ie with relatively thin, broad stripes, whereas the observing path requires a sensor with high intrinsic anisotropy, ie with relatively thick, narrow stripes.
  • the task according to the invention can be solved in a simple manner by way of example.
  • Figure 12 shows electrical interconnections of sensory elements for the two signal paths.
  • the sensitive path receives a magnetoresistive full bridge Rl, R2, R3, R4 with the floating signal voltage VsI and the flip-resistant, observing path a half-bridge R5, R6 with the (ground) potential-related voltage Vs2.
  • both paths contain a full bridge A, B, C, D and A ', B', C, D 'with the associated potential-free signal voltages Vs4, Vs3.
  • the magnetoresistive strip resistors have a barber pole structure superimposed on them to linearize the operation characteristic curve, or else the strips themselves are arranged in barber pole patterns. Metric aligned, in which case can be dispensed with an additional superstructure.
  • FIG. 13 shows various advantageous forms of a geometrical arrangement of magnetoresistive bridge resistors according to FIG. 12 b, with reference to their orientation parallel to the XY chip plane of their silicon carrier.
  • the arrow below symbolizes the Y-direction of a moving encoder track relative to the bridge resistors.
  • the two bridge branches of the observing path enclose the centrically arranged bridge of the sensitive path in the direction of the encoder track.
  • the two bridge branches of the sensitive path enclose the centrically arranged bridge of the observing path.
  • the two bridge branches of the observing path enclose the centrically arranged bridge of the sensitive path in the direction of the bias field.
  • Fig. 13 shows various advantageous forms of a geometrical arrangement of magnetoresistive bridge resistors according to FIG. 12 b, with reference to their orientation parallel to the XY chip plane of their silicon carrier.
  • the arrow below symbolizes the Y-direction of a moving encoder track relative to the bridge resistors.
  • the two bridge branches of the sensitive path enclose the centrically arranged bridge of the observing path in the direction of the bias field.
  • the bridge elements of the observational path centrically enclose the centrically arranged bridge elements of the sensitive path, while in Fig.l3f is exactly the opposite.
  • the bridge branches of the sensitive and the observing paths alternate in the Y-direction.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Transmission And Conversion Of Sensor Element Output (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système de détection de la vitesse de rotation d'une roue ou de tout autre corps en rotation, comprenant un capteur (1, 6), en particulier un capteur actif (1), couplé, par l'intermédiaire d'un champ magnétique (23), à un codeur (23) tournant avec le corps en rotation, lequel système est en particulier destiné à l'industrie automobile. Si, sur les systèmes connus, l'écartement entre le dispositif de détection (S1, S2) et le codeur (23) est trop faible, un basculement et, de ce fait, un doublement de la vitesse de rotation mesurée de la roue peuvent se produire et causer des problèmes sur des dispositifs de sécurité du véhicule qui nécessitent une indication correcte de la vitesse de rotation de la roue pour fonctionner convenablement. L'objectif de cette invention est d'améliorer la tolérance de position de montage des systèmes connus. A cet effet, deux parcours de signal séparés (S1, f1 ; S2, f2) sont utilisés, lesquels parcours comportent des dispositifs de détection (S1, S2) de sensibilité différente. Les parcours de signal (S1, f1 ; S2, f2) sont conçus, de sorte qu'un parcours de signal (S1, f1) présentant la plus forte sensibilité est constamment disponible, de sorte que, dans le cas normal non perturbé, des distorsions optiques minimales de la piste de codage (13) pour des entrefers maximum sont obtenues, tandis que, dans un même temps, un parcours de signal de surveillance (S2, f2), dont la sensibilité est telle qu'un basculement est évité de façon sûre dans toutes les conditions magnétiques, est constamment disponible.
EP06755232A 2005-05-17 2006-05-17 Systeme de detection de la vitesse de rotation d'une roue a securite intrinseque Withdrawn EP1883825A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005022596A DE102005022596A1 (de) 2005-05-17 2005-05-17 Anordnung zur eigensicheren Raddrehzahlerfassung
PCT/EP2006/062375 WO2006122945A1 (fr) 2005-05-17 2006-05-17 Systeme de detection de la vitesse de rotation d'une roue a securite intrinseque

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EP1883825A1 true EP1883825A1 (fr) 2008-02-06

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EP06755232A Withdrawn EP1883825A1 (fr) 2005-05-17 2006-05-17 Systeme de detection de la vitesse de rotation d'une roue a securite intrinseque

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US (1) US8698488B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1883825A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4972086B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR101354735B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN101176002B (fr)
DE (1) DE102005022596A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2006122945A1 (fr)

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CN101176002B (zh) 2010-11-10
WO2006122945A1 (fr) 2006-11-23
US8698488B2 (en) 2014-04-15
JP4972086B2 (ja) 2012-07-11
US20120092000A1 (en) 2012-04-19
KR20080007616A (ko) 2008-01-22
KR101354735B1 (ko) 2014-01-22
JP2008541116A (ja) 2008-11-20
CN101176002A (zh) 2008-05-07
DE102005022596A1 (de) 2006-11-23

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