EP1866708A2 - Clockwork - Google Patents

Clockwork

Info

Publication number
EP1866708A2
EP1866708A2 EP06708698A EP06708698A EP1866708A2 EP 1866708 A2 EP1866708 A2 EP 1866708A2 EP 06708698 A EP06708698 A EP 06708698A EP 06708698 A EP06708698 A EP 06708698A EP 1866708 A2 EP1866708 A2 EP 1866708A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mobile
hours
time
performs
carries
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP06708698A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1866708B1 (en
Inventor
Eric Loth
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
British Masters SA
Original Assignee
British Masters SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by British Masters SA filed Critical British Masters SA
Priority to EP06708698A priority Critical patent/EP1866708B1/en
Publication of EP1866708A2 publication Critical patent/EP1866708A2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1866708B1 publication Critical patent/EP1866708B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B19/00—Indicating the time by visual means
    • G04B19/26—Clocks or watches with indicators for tides, for the phases of the moon, or the like
    • G04B19/262—Clocks or watches with indicators for tides, for the phases of the moon, or the like with indicators for astrological informations
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B19/00—Indicating the time by visual means
    • G04B19/22—Arrangements for indicating different local apparent times; Universal time pieces
    • G04B19/23—Arrangements for indicating different local apparent times; Universal time pieces by means of additional hands or additional pairs of hands
    • G04B19/235—Arrangements for indicating different local apparent times; Universal time pieces by means of additional hands or additional pairs of hands mechanisms for correcting the additional hand or hands

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of watchmaking, and more particularly to movements for timepieces of the type for determining true north or geographic north.
  • the watch movement described in document FR 2 696 016 allows such a determination. It has a hand of hours making a turn in twenty-four hours. To be able to determine the north direction, it is explained that the watch must be set to local solar time. In these conditions and if the hour hand is oriented towards the sun, then the top of the dial indicates the geographical north. In order to be able to make a precise measurement at any time, the wearer must live in the local solar time or perform manipulations each time leading to the loss of the civil time.
  • the document DE 36 31 513 describes a watch provided with a first hour hand performing a turn in twelve hours and a second performing a turn in twenty-four hours.
  • the second hour hand allows, in principle, to determine the geographical north.
  • the difference between the civil time and the solar time makes this indication can be precise. Indeed, the offset between these two times can greatly exceed one hour, which represents an error of more than 15 °.
  • EP-A-1 343 056 discloses a watch with a solar time display which can be adjusted separately from the current time display.
  • the phase difference between the current time and solar time displays is indicated by means of a specific hand.
  • the object of the present invention is to enable accurate determination and easy reading of the geographical north without affecting the reading of the civil time.
  • the movement for a timepiece according to the invention comprises a control device and a timer train equipped with first and second mobiles arranged to carry respectively first and second hour indicators, wherein these mobiles are kinematically connected to each other and to the control device, the timer wheel being arranged so that the first mobile makes a turn in twelve hours and second mobile, intended to carry a solar time indicator, performs a turn in twenty-four hours.
  • the time train comprises, in addition, a third mobile connected kinematically and desmodromically to the first mobile and a fourth mobile desmodromically connected to the second mobile.
  • the timer train is arranged so that the third mobile performs one revolution per hour and can carry a calendar time hour hand and so that the fourth mobile is driven by a higher speed than the second mobile .
  • the timer train and the control device are arranged so that, by an action on the control device, the second mobile can be rotated continuously, without affecting the position of the first mobile, and so that during the training of the latter, the second mobile is simultaneously driven in synchronism with the first mobile.
  • control device comprises a time setting rod which can occupy three positions, one of rest and first and second drawn positions. It is arranged so that a rotation of the rod rotates the second mobile only in the first drawn position, while it turns the first and second mobile simultaneously and in synchronism in second position drawn.
  • a disengagement device advantageously formed of a friction or a clutch, is inserted in the kinematic chain which connects them.
  • the present invention also relates to a timepiece provided with such a movement.
  • this timepiece its movement is arranged so that:
  • the first mobile performs a turn in twelve hours and carries a hand of the hours of civil time
  • the third mobile makes a turn in one hour and carries a hand of the minutes of civil time
  • the second mobile performs a turn in twenty-four hours and carries a hand of hours of solar time
  • the fourth mobile performs one revolution in one hour and carries a disc equipped with a scale displaying the minutes of solar time, and so as to allow a precise adjustment of the position of the indicator of solar time times with reference to that of civil time.
  • this disk also carries an angular scale for adjusting the position of the needle of solar time hours with reference to the longitude of the place considered.
  • the timepiece is provided with a movement arranged so that:
  • the first mobile performs a turn in twelve hours and carries a hand of the hours of civil time
  • the second mobile performs a turn in twenty-four hours and carries a hand of hours of solar time
  • the fourth mobile performs a turn in twelve hours and carries a record of hours of solar time.
  • the disc and the hour hand of civil time have scales arranged facing one another and dimensioned so as to form together a vernier. In this way, the measurement of the difference between solar time and civil time can be more precise.
  • the second mobile carries a solar time hand performing a turn in twenty-four hours and the fourth mobile a solar time hand performing a turn in twelve hours. In this way, by directing towards the sun the needle carried by the fourth mobile, that carried by the second mobile indicates the geographical north.
  • FIG. 1 shows a watch according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the clockwork of this watch
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 illustrate two other embodiments of a watch according to the invention.
  • the watch shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 comprises a box 10, a dial 12 and solar hour hours hands 14, civil time hours 16 and civil time minutes 18.
  • the solar time hour hand 14 performs one revolution in twenty-four hours, the one of the civil time hours 16 a turn in twelve hours, while the minute hand of the civil time minutes on the one hand , the record 20 minutes of solar time on the other hand make one turn per hour.
  • the movement according to the invention is, furthermore, provided with a time setting mechanism arranged so that, in a first position drawn from the rod, a rotation of the ring 22 causes the needle to rotate. solar time 14 and the disc 20, the position of the needles 16 and 18 not being influenced. In the second drawn position, a rotation of the ring 22 has the effect of driving both the needle 14 and the disk 20 as the needles 16 and 18.
  • the mechanism providing these functions will not be described because it equips most movements of modern watches equipped with both mechanical and electronic hands. Usually, however, the first drawn position corrects the date display. This difference does not change the general structure of this mechanism.
  • the movement equipping the watch of FIG. 1 comprises a frame schematically represented, and including in particular a plate 24 and a ring 25 for complementary module, which is fixed on the plate 24.
  • the frame carries the various moving parts including a timer wheel 26 disposed on its adjoining part to the dial 12 and a work train, one of the mobiles, bearing the reference 28, is disposed at the center of the movement and performs a turn in one hour.
  • the clock train 26 comprises: a floor 30 frictionally mounted on the mobile 28,
  • a timer wheel 32 carried by the plate 24 and having a wheel 32a engaged with the floor 30 and a pinion 32b, and
  • a mobile of the civil time hours 34 disposed on the road 30 and comprising a cannon wheel 34a engaged with the pinion 32b and a pinion 34b driven on the cannon,
  • a mobile of the hours of solar time 36 pivotally mounted on the barrel of the mobile 34, and comprising a pinion 36a and a wheel 36b, and
  • the ring 25 carries, also part of the gear train 26:
  • An intermediate wheel 40 which comprises a first wheel 40a, engaged with the pinion 34b of the civil time mobile, a second wheel 40b meshing with the pinion 36a and a friction 40c formed of a leaf spring inserted between the two wheels
  • a solar time timer 41 comprising a pinion 41a in engagement with the wheel 36b and a wheel 41b meshing with the pinion 38.
  • the number of teeth that comprise the mobiles of the minute wheel 26 is chosen so that the mobile hours of civil time 34 to make a turn in twelve hours, the barrel of the cannon wheel 34a carrying the needle 16.
  • the mobile time of solar time 36 carries the needle 14.
  • the pinion 34b of the mobile of the civil time hours 34, the intermediate mobile 40, and the mobile 36 comprise numbers of teeth chosen so that the mobile 36 is made a turn in twenty-four hours. In this way, the needle 18, perform one turn per day.
  • the intermediate mobile 40 and the timer 41 are respectively pivotally mounted on pins 42 and 43 integral with the ring 25.
  • a wheel 44 engaged with the solar time timer 41, is connected to the time control so that when the ring 22 is in its first drawn position and rotating it, the wheel 44 drives the timer 41. and with it, the mobiles 36 and 38, and the wheel 40b, without the wheel 40a rotates, because of the friction 40c.
  • the ring 22 If the ring 22 is in the second drawn position, its rotation causes the timer 32 and, with it, the floor 30, the mobile 34, 40, 36, 41 and 38. In this case, the friction 40c is not requested and both the needles 16 and 18 that the solar time hand 14 and the disc 20 rotate in synchronism.
  • the watch thus defined makes it possible to determine the position of the geographic north if the longitude of the place is known, or to determine the longitude if the north is known.
  • the wearer To determine the direction of the geographic north, the wearer begins by adjusting the solar time of his watch in the first position drawn from the crown 22. It can do so from the time given to it by a sundial. It brings the hour hand 14 to the position corresponding to the instantaneous solar time and, if the accuracy is sufficient, it can further refine the information by means of the disk 20, by bringing the index 20a into the position corresponding to the minute of solar time.
  • the solar time it is also possible to set the solar time by knowing the longitude and time zone of the location where the wearer is. If the latter is on the median meridian of the spindle, ie at 15 ° East or West, where "n" is the time zone number, the minutes of solar time are equal to minutes of civil time, at least in first approximation. If the longitude of the place is less than that of the median meridian, the solar time must be corrected negatively.
  • the solar time is to shift compared to the civil time of 32 minutes and 40 seconds.
  • This result is obtained by multiplying by four the angular offset between the median meridian and the meridian of the place, expressed in degrees and minutes, the result being expressed in minutes and seconds, since 15 ° corresponds to a time difference of 60 minutes.
  • the reading of this difference, on the disk 20, can be done in angular values (degrees of angle), which appear on an outer circle, or in time units marked on an inner circle, by aligning the index 20a with reference at the minute hand 18.
  • the latter directs the dial so that the midnight is turned towards the geographical north, then he turns the hour hand 14 to align it on the sun.
  • the angular offset between hands 14 and 16 gives the angle between the median meridian of the time zone and the longitude of the place. In the embodiment described above, this angle is defined by the position of the needle 18 on the disk 20.
  • the timepiece comprises, like that illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, a box 10, a dial 12, hour hands 16 and 18 minutes of civil time and a crown 22. It comprises, in addition, two needles solar time hours 46 and 48 performing a turn respectively twelve and twenty-four hours.
  • the determination of the direction of the geographical north is done by directing the needle 46 towards the sun. The north is in the direction indicated by the needle 48.
  • the movement equipping such a watch differs slightly from that shown in Figure 2. It has not been illustrated, since it can be easily made by the skilled person.
  • the wheel carrying the needle 46 is connected to the wheel 34 by the wheel 40, both wheels 40a and 40b having the same number of teeth.
  • the wheel bearing the needle 46 is connected to that carrying the needle 48 by a gear reduction unit dividing the speed by a factor of 2.
  • a disk 50 replaces the solar hour time hand 46. This disk thus performs a revolution in 12 hours. It is provided with an index 50a representing the sun and, if it is directed towards it, directs the watch so that the needle 48 indicates the geographical north. Furthermore, the needle 16 on the one hand, the disc 50 on the other hand, are provided with scales 52a and 52b together forming a vernier 52 which allows a precise adjustment of the shift between the civil and solar times. The movement used may be identical to that fitted to the watch of FIG.
  • the movement and the watches described may have many variants, without departing from the scope of the invention.
  • the solar time display could be limited to the needle 14. In this case, the accuracy of the setting would be reduced.
  • the friction could also be replaced by a clutch to isolate from one another the parts of the train relating to the display of civil time and solar time during the adjustment of the latter.

Abstract

The invention relates to a timepiece movement comprising a control device and a minute train (26) which is equipped with first (34) and second (36) mobiles which are arranged such as to support first (14) and second (16) hour indicators respectively, in said mobiles being kinematically connected to one another and to the control device. According to the invention, the minute train and the control device are arranged such that the second mobile (36) can be rotated through any angle, without acting on the first mobile (34). In addition, when the first mobile (34) is being driven, the second mobile (36) is simultaneously driven in synchronism therewith.

Description

MOUVEMENT POUR PIECE D'HORLOGERIE MOVEMENT FOR WATCHPIECE
La présente invention se rapporte au domaine de l'horlogerie, et plus particulièrement aux mouvements pour pièces d'horlogerie du type permettant de déterminer le nord vrai ou nord géographique.The present invention relates to the field of watchmaking, and more particularly to movements for timepieces of the type for determining true north or geographic north.
Le mouvement de montre décrit dans le document FR 2 696 016 permet une telle détermination. Il comporte une aiguille des heures faisant un tour en vingt-quatre heures. Pour pouvoir déterminer la direction du nord, il est expliqué que la montre doit être mise à l'heure solaire locale. Dans ces conditions et si l'aiguille des heures est orientée vers le soleil, alors le haut du cadran indique le nord géographique. Pour pouvoir effectuer une mesure précise à tout moment, le porteur doit vivre à l'heure solaire locale ou effectuer chaque fois des manipulations conduisant à la perte de l'heure civile.The watch movement described in document FR 2 696 016 allows such a determination. It has a hand of hours making a turn in twenty-four hours. To be able to determine the north direction, it is explained that the watch must be set to local solar time. In these conditions and if the hour hand is oriented towards the sun, then the top of the dial indicates the geographical north. In order to be able to make a precise measurement at any time, the wearer must live in the local solar time or perform manipulations each time leading to the loss of the civil time.
Le document DE 36 31 513 décrit une montre munie d'une première aiguille des heures effectuant un tour en douze heures et une seconde effectuant un tour en vingt-quatre heures. La seconde aiguille des heures permet, en principe, de déterminer le nord géographique. Toutefois, la différence entre le temps civil et le temps solaire rend cette indication peut précise. En effet, le décalage entre ces deux temps peut largement dépasser une heure, ce qui représente une erreur de plus de 15°.The document DE 36 31 513 describes a watch provided with a first hour hand performing a turn in twelve hours and a second performing a turn in twenty-four hours. The second hour hand allows, in principle, to determine the geographical north. However, the difference between the civil time and the solar time makes this indication can be precise. Indeed, the offset between these two times can greatly exceed one hour, which represents an error of more than 15 °.
Dans l'un comme dans l'autre des exemples donnés ci-dessus, une mesure précise du nord géographique implique une perte de l'heure civile.In either of the examples given above, a precise measure of the geographic north implies a loss of the civil time.
Le document EP-A- 1 343 056 décrit une montre munie d'un affichage de temps solaire qui peut être ajusté séparément de l'affichage du temps courant. Le déphasage entre les affichages de temps courant et de temps solaire est indiqué au moyen d'une aiguille spécifique. Le but de la présente invention est de permettre une détermination précise et une lecture aisée du nord géographique sans affecter la lecture de l'heure civile. A cet effet, le mouvement pour pièce d'horlogerie selon l'invention comporte un dispositif de commande et un rouage de minuterie muni de premier et deuxième mobiles agencés pour porter respectivement des premier et deuxième indicateurs d'heures, dans lequel ces mobiles sont reliés cinématiquement l'un à l'autre et au dispositif de commande, le rouage de minuterie étant agencé de manière à ce que le premier mobile effectue un tour en douze heures et deuxième mobile, destiné à porter un indicateur de temps solaire, effectue un tour en vingt-quatre heures.EP-A-1 343 056 discloses a watch with a solar time display which can be adjusted separately from the current time display. The phase difference between the current time and solar time displays is indicated by means of a specific hand. The object of the present invention is to enable accurate determination and easy reading of the geographical north without affecting the reading of the civil time. For this purpose, the movement for a timepiece according to the invention comprises a control device and a timer train equipped with first and second mobiles arranged to carry respectively first and second hour indicators, wherein these mobiles are kinematically connected to each other and to the control device, the timer wheel being arranged so that the first mobile makes a turn in twelve hours and second mobile, intended to carry a solar time indicator, performs a turn in twenty-four hours.
Selon l'invention, le rouage de minuterie comporte, en outre, un troisième mobile relié cinématiquement et de manière desmodromique au premier mobile et un quatrième mobile relié de manière desmodromique au deuxième mobile. Le rouage de minuterie est agencé de manière à ce que le troisième mobile effectue un tour par heure et peut porter une aiguille des heures de temps civil et de manière à ce que le quatrième mobile soit animé d'une vitesse supérieure à celle du deuxième mobile. En outre, le rouage de minuterie et le dispositif de commande sont agencés de manière à ce que, par une action sur le dispositif de commande, le deuxième mobile puisse être entraîné en rotation de manière continue, sans effet sur la position du premier mobile, et de manière à ce que lors de l'entraînement de ce dernier, le deuxième mobile soit simultanément entraîné, en synchronisme avec le premier mobile. De la sorte, il est possible de modifier avec précision l'heure solaire, affichée par l'indicateur porté par le deuxième mobile, d'une valeur quelconque, sans modifier l'heure civile affichée par l'indicateur porté par le premier mobile. Il est ainsi possible d'ajuster le décalage entre le temps civil et le temps solaire d'un lieu donné. Il est aussi possible d'apporter une correction en prenant en compte l'angle compris entre le méridien médian du fuseau considéré et celui du lieu d'observation. Par contre, les deux indicateurs des heures sont corrigés en synchronisme lors d'une correction de l'heure civile.According to the invention, the time train comprises, in addition, a third mobile connected kinematically and desmodromically to the first mobile and a fourth mobile desmodromically connected to the second mobile. The timer train is arranged so that the third mobile performs one revolution per hour and can carry a calendar time hour hand and so that the fourth mobile is driven by a higher speed than the second mobile . In addition, the timer train and the control device are arranged so that, by an action on the control device, the second mobile can be rotated continuously, without affecting the position of the first mobile, and so that during the training of the latter, the second mobile is simultaneously driven in synchronism with the first mobile. In this way, it is possible to precisely modify the solar time, displayed by the indicator carried by the second mobile, of any value, without changing the calendar time displayed by the indicator carried by the first mobile. It is thus possible to adjust the difference between the civil time and the solar time of a given place. It is also possible to make a correction taking into account the angle between the median meridian of the spindle considered and that of the place of observation. On the other hand, the two indicators of the hours are corrected in synchronism during a correction of the civil time.
De manière avantageuse, le dispositif de commande comporte une tige de mise à l'heure pouvant occuper trois positions, une de repos et des première et deuxième positions tirées. Il est agencé de manière à ce qu'une rotation de la tige fait tourner le deuxième mobile seulement en première position tirée, alors qu'elle fait tourner les premier et deuxième mobiles simultanément et en synchronisme en deuxième position tirée.Advantageously, the control device comprises a time setting rod which can occupy three positions, one of rest and first and second drawn positions. It is arranged so that a rotation of the rod rotates the second mobile only in the first drawn position, while it turns the first and second mobile simultaneously and in synchronism in second position drawn.
Afin d'assurer un entraînement du deuxième mobile sans action sur le premier mobile, un dispositif de désengagement, avantageusement formé d'une friction ou d'un embrayage, est intercalé dans la chaîne cinématique qui les relie.In order to ensure driving of the second mobile without action on the first mobile, a disengagement device, advantageously formed of a friction or a clutch, is inserted in the kinematic chain which connects them.
La présente invention se rapporte également à une pièce d'horlogerie munie d'un tel mouvement.The present invention also relates to a timepiece provided with such a movement.
Dans un premier mode de réalisation de cette pièce d'horlogerie, son mouvement est agencé de manière à ce que :In a first embodiment of this timepiece, its movement is arranged so that:
- le premier mobile effectue un tour en douze heures et porte une aiguille des heures de temps civil,- the first mobile performs a turn in twelve hours and carries a hand of the hours of civil time,
- le troisième mobile effectue un tour en une heure et porte une aiguille des minutes de temps civil, - le deuxième mobile effectue un tour en vingt-quatre heures et porte une aiguille des heures de temps solaire, etthe third mobile makes a turn in one hour and carries a hand of the minutes of civil time, the second mobile performs a turn in twenty-four hours and carries a hand of hours of solar time, and
- le quatrième mobile effectue un tour en une heure et porte un disque muni d'une échelle affichant les minutes de temps solaire, et de manière à permettre un ajustement précis de la position de l'indicateur des heures de temps solaire en référence à celui du temps civil.the fourth mobile performs one revolution in one hour and carries a disc equipped with a scale displaying the minutes of solar time, and so as to allow a precise adjustment of the position of the indicator of solar time times with reference to that of civil time.
Avantageusement, ce disque porte en outre une échelle angulaire permettant d'ajuster la position de l'aiguille des heures de temps solaire en référence à la longitude du lieu considéré.Advantageously, this disk also carries an angular scale for adjusting the position of the needle of solar time hours with reference to the longitude of the place considered.
Dans un deuxième mode de réalisation, la pièce d'horlogerie est munie d'un mouvement agencé de manière à ce que :In a second embodiment, the timepiece is provided with a movement arranged so that:
- le premier mobile effectue un tour en douze heures et porte une aiguille des heures de temps civil,- the first mobile performs a turn in twelve hours and carries a hand of the hours of civil time,
- le deuxième mobile effectue un tour en vingt-quatre heures et porte une aiguille des heures de temps solaire, et - le quatrième mobile effectue un tour en douze heures et porte un disque des heures de temps solaire.the second mobile performs a turn in twenty-four hours and carries a hand of hours of solar time, and - the fourth mobile performs a turn in twelve hours and carries a record of hours of solar time.
De manière avantageuse, le disque et l'aiguille des heures de temps civil portent des échelles disposées en regard l'une de l'autre et dimensionnées de manière à former ensemble un vernier. De la sorte, la mesure de la différence entre le temps solaire et le temps civil peut être plus précise.Advantageously, the disc and the hour hand of civil time have scales arranged facing one another and dimensioned so as to form together a vernier. In this way, the measurement of the difference between solar time and civil time can be more precise.
Dans un troisième mode de réalisation, le deuxième mobile porte une aiguille de temps solaire effectuant un tour en vingt-quatre heures et le quatrième mobile une aiguille de temps solaire effectuant un tour en douze heures. De la sorte, en dirigeant vers le soleil l'aiguille portée par le quatrième mobile, celle portée par le deuxième mobile indique le nord géographique.In a third embodiment, the second mobile carries a solar time hand performing a turn in twenty-four hours and the fourth mobile a solar time hand performing a turn in twelve hours. In this way, by directing towards the sun the needle carried by the fourth mobile, that carried by the second mobile indicates the geographical north.
D'autres avantages et caractéristiques de l'invention ressorti ront de la description qui va suivre, faite en regard du dessin annexé, dans lequel:Other advantages and characteristics of the invention will emerge from the description which follows, given with reference to the appended drawing, in which:
- la figure 1 représente une montre selon l'invention ; - la figure 2 est une vue en coupe du rouage de minuterie de cette montre ; et- Figure 1 shows a watch according to the invention; - Figure 2 is a sectional view of the clockwork of this watch; and
- les figures 3 et 4 illustrent deux autres modes de réalisation d'une montre selon l'invention.FIGS. 3 and 4 illustrate two other embodiments of a watch according to the invention.
La montre représentée sur les figures 1 et 2 comporte une boite 10, un cadran 12 et des aiguilles des heures de temps solaire 14, des heures de temps civil 16 et des minutes de temps civil 18. Un disque 20, muni d'un index 20a, occupe le centre du cadran 12. Une couronne de mise à l'heure 22, solidaire d'une tige de mise à l'heure non représentée au dessin et qui est engagée dans la boîte 10, permet la correction des informations affichées. Dans cette montre, l'aiguille des heures de temps solaire 14 effectue un tour en vingt-quatre heures, celles des heures de temps civil 16 un tour en douze heures, alors que l'aiguille des minutes 18 de temps civil d'une part, le disque 20 des minutes de temps solaire d'autre part font un tour par heure. Le mouvement selon l'invention est, en outre, muni d'un mécanisme de mise à l'heure agencé de manière à ce que, dans une première position tirée de la tige, une rotation de la couronne 22 fait tourner l'aiguille de temps solaire 14 et le disque 20, la position des aiguilles 16 et 18 n'étant pas influencée. En deuxième position tirée, une rotation de la couronne 22 a pour effet d'entraîner aussi bien l'aiguille 14 et le disque 20 que les aiguilles 16 et 18.The watch shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 comprises a box 10, a dial 12 and solar hour hours hands 14, civil time hours 16 and civil time minutes 18. A disk 20, provided with an index 20a, occupies the center of the dial 12. A setting ring 22, integral with a time setting rod not shown in the drawing and which is engaged in the box 10, allows the correction of the information displayed. In this watch, the solar time hour hand 14 performs one revolution in twenty-four hours, the one of the civil time hours 16 a turn in twelve hours, while the minute hand of the civil time minutes on the one hand , the record 20 minutes of solar time on the other hand make one turn per hour. The movement according to the invention is, furthermore, provided with a time setting mechanism arranged so that, in a first position drawn from the rod, a rotation of the ring 22 causes the needle to rotate. solar time 14 and the disc 20, the position of the needles 16 and 18 not being influenced. In the second drawn position, a rotation of the ring 22 has the effect of driving both the needle 14 and the disk 20 as the needles 16 and 18.
Le mécanisme assurant ces fonctions ne sera pas décrit, car équipant la plupart des mouvements de montres modernes munies d'aiguilles, tant mécaniques qu'électroniques. Habituellement toutefois, la première position tirée permet de corriger l'affichage de la date. Cette différence ne modifie en rien la structure générale de ce mécanisme.The mechanism providing these functions will not be described because it equips most movements of modern watches equipped with both mechanical and electronic hands. Usually, however, the first drawn position corrects the date display. This difference does not change the general structure of this mechanism.
Comme l'illustre la figure 2, le mouvement équipant la montre de la figure 1 comporte un bâti schématiquement représenté, et comportant notamment une platine 24 et une bague 25 pour module complémentaire, qui est fixée sur la platine 24. Le bâti porte les différentes parties mobiles et notamment un rouage de minuterie 26 disposé sur sa partie attenante au cadran 12 et un rouage de finissage dont un des mobiles, portant la référence 28, est disposé au centre du mouvement et effectue un tour en une heure.As illustrated in FIG. 2, the movement equipping the watch of FIG. 1 comprises a frame schematically represented, and including in particular a plate 24 and a ring 25 for complementary module, which is fixed on the plate 24. The frame carries the various moving parts including a timer wheel 26 disposed on its adjoining part to the dial 12 and a work train, one of the mobiles, bearing the reference 28, is disposed at the center of the movement and performs a turn in one hour.
Le rouage de minuterie 26 comprend : - une chaussée 30 montée à friction sur le mobile 28,The clock train 26 comprises: a floor 30 frictionally mounted on the mobile 28,
- un mobile de minuterie 32 porté par la platine 24 et comportant une roue 32a en prise avec la chaussée 30 et un pignon 32b, et- A timer wheel 32 carried by the plate 24 and having a wheel 32a engaged with the floor 30 and a pinion 32b, and
- un mobile des heures de temps civil 34 disposé sur la chaussée 30 et comprenant une roue à canon 34a en prise avec le pignon 32b et un pignon 34b chassé sur le canon,a mobile of the civil time hours 34 disposed on the road 30 and comprising a cannon wheel 34a engaged with the pinion 32b and a pinion 34b driven on the cannon,
- un mobile des heures de temps solaire 36 monté pivotant sur le canon du mobile 34, et comportant un pignon 36a et une roue 36b, eta mobile of the hours of solar time 36 pivotally mounted on the barrel of the mobile 34, and comprising a pinion 36a and a wheel 36b, and
- un mobile des minutes de temps solaire 38 lui-même placé pivotant sur le mobile des heures de temps solaire 36. La bague 25 porte, faisant également partie du rouage de minuterie 26 :- A mobile time of solar time 38 itself pivoted on the mobile time solar time 36. The ring 25 carries, also part of the gear train 26:
- un mobile intermédiaire 40 qui comprend une première roue 40a, en prise avec le pignon 34b du mobile de temps civil, une deuxième roue 40b engrenant avec le pignon 36a et une friction 40c, formée d'un ressort clinquant intercalé entre les deux roues- An intermediate wheel 40 which comprises a first wheel 40a, engaged with the pinion 34b of the civil time mobile, a second wheel 40b meshing with the pinion 36a and a friction 40c formed of a leaf spring inserted between the two wheels
40a et 40b, et40a and 40b, and
- une minuterie de temps solaire 41 comportant un pignon 41a en prise avec la roue 36b et une roue 41 b engrenant avec le pignon 38. Le nombre de dents que comportent les mobiles du rouage de minuterie 26 est choisi de manière à ce que le mobile des heures de temps civil 34 fasse un tour en douze heures, le canon de la roue à canon 34a portant l'aiguille 16.a solar time timer 41 comprising a pinion 41a in engagement with the wheel 36b and a wheel 41b meshing with the pinion 38. The number of teeth that comprise the mobiles of the minute wheel 26 is chosen so that the mobile hours of civil time 34 to make a turn in twelve hours, the barrel of the cannon wheel 34a carrying the needle 16.
Le mobile des heures de temps solaire 36 porte l'aiguille 14. Le pignon 34b du mobile des heures de temps civil 34, le mobile intermédiaire 40, et le mobile 36 comportent des nombres de dents choisis de manière à ce que le mobile 36 fasse un tour en vingt-quatre heures. De la sorte, l'aiguille 18, effectuent un tour par jour.The mobile time of solar time 36 carries the needle 14. The pinion 34b of the mobile of the civil time hours 34, the intermediate mobile 40, and the mobile 36 comprise numbers of teeth chosen so that the mobile 36 is made a turn in twenty-four hours. In this way, the needle 18, perform one turn per day.
Le mobile intermédiaire 40 et la minuterie 41 sont respectivement montés pivotant sur des tenons 42 et 43 solidaires de la bague 25.The intermediate mobile 40 and the timer 41 are respectively pivotally mounted on pins 42 and 43 integral with the ring 25.
Une roue 44, en prise avec la minuterie de temps solaire 41 , est reliée à la commande de l'heure de telle sorte que, lorsque la couronne 22 occupe sa première position tirée et en la faisant tourner, la roue 44 entraîne la minuterie 41 et, avec elle, les mobiles 36 et 38, ainsi que la roue 40b, sans que la roue 40a ne tourne, à cause de la friction 40c.A wheel 44, engaged with the solar time timer 41, is connected to the time control so that when the ring 22 is in its first drawn position and rotating it, the wheel 44 drives the timer 41. and with it, the mobiles 36 and 38, and the wheel 40b, without the wheel 40a rotates, because of the friction 40c.
Si la couronne 22 est en deuxième position tirée, sa rotation entraîne la minuterie 32 et, avec elle, la chaussée 30, les mobiles 34, 40, 36, 41 et 38. Dans ce cas donc, la friction 40c n'est pas sollicitée et tant les aiguilles de temps civil 16 et 18 que l'aiguille de temps solaire 14 et le disque 20 tournent en synchronisme.If the ring 22 is in the second drawn position, its rotation causes the timer 32 and, with it, the floor 30, the mobile 34, 40, 36, 41 and 38. In this case, the friction 40c is not requested and both the needles 16 and 18 that the solar time hand 14 and the disc 20 rotate in synchronism.
Cela revient donc à dire qu'il est possible d'ajuster la position des mobiles 36 et 38 de manière indépendante de la chaussée 30 et du mobile 34, ce qui permet de corriger le temps solaire sans modifier le temps civil. Par contre, lorsque l'état de la montre est corrigé, pour prendre en compte ses fluctuations de marche, les deux affichages sont déplacés simultanément et en synchronisme.That is to say that it is possible to adjust the position of the mobiles 36 and 38 independently of the floor 30 and the mobile 34, which allows to correct the solar time without changing the civil time. On the other hand, when the state of the watch is corrected, to take into account its fluctuations of march, the two displays are moved simultaneously and in synchronism.
La montre ainsi définie permet de déterminer la position du nord géographique si la longitude du lieu est connue, ou de déterminer la longitude si le nord est connu.The watch thus defined makes it possible to determine the position of the geographic north if the longitude of the place is known, or to determine the longitude if the north is known.
Pour déterminer la direction du nord géographique, le porteur commence par régler le temps solaire de sa montre en première position tirée de la couronne 22. Il peut le faire à partir de l'heure que lui donne un cadran solaire. Il amène l'aiguille des heures 14 dans la position correspondant à l'heure solaire instantanée et, si la précision est suffisante, il peut encore affiner l'information au moyen du disque 20, en amenant l'index 20a dans la position correspondant à la minute du temps solaire.To determine the direction of the geographic north, the wearer begins by adjusting the solar time of his watch in the first position drawn from the crown 22. It can do so from the time given to it by a sundial. It brings the hour hand 14 to the position corresponding to the instantaneous solar time and, if the accuracy is sufficient, it can further refine the information by means of the disk 20, by bringing the index 20a into the position corresponding to the minute of solar time.
Il est également possible de régler le temps solaire en connaissant la longitude et le fuseau horaire du lieu dans lequel se trouve le porteur. Si ce dernier se trouve sur le méridien médian du fuseau, c'est à dire à n.15° à l'est ou à l'ouest, « n » étant le numéro du fuseau horaire, les minutes de temps solaire sont égales aux minutes de temps civil, du moins en première approximation. Si la longitude du lieu est inférieure à celle du méridien médian, le temps solaire doit être corrigé négativement.It is also possible to set the solar time by knowing the longitude and time zone of the location where the wearer is. If the latter is on the median meridian of the spindle, ie at 15 ° East or West, where "n" is the time zone number, the minutes of solar time are equal to minutes of civil time, at least in first approximation. If the longitude of the place is less than that of the median meridian, the solar time must be corrected negatively.
Par exemple, sachant que, dans le fuseau dans lequel se trouve le porteur, le décalage horaire est de une heure par rapport au fuseau de référence (Greenwich), et que la longitude est de 6°50' à l'Est de Greenwich, le temps solaire est à décaler par rapport au temps civil de 32 minutes et 40 secondes. Ce résultat est obtenu en multipliant par quatre le décalage angulaire entre le méridien médian et le méridien du lieu, exprimé en degrés et minutes, le résultat étant exprimé en minutes et secondes, puisque 15° correspond à un décalage horaire de 60 minutes. La lecture de cette différence, sur le disque 20, peut se faire en valeurs angulaires (degrés d'angle), qui figurent sur un cercle extérieur, ou en unités de temps marquées sur un cercle intérieur, en alignant l'index 20a en référence à l'aiguille des minutes 18.For example, knowing that, in the time zone in which the carrier is located, the time difference is one hour in relation to the reference time zone (Greenwich), and that the longitude is 6 ° 50 'east of Greenwich, the solar time is to shift compared to the civil time of 32 minutes and 40 seconds. This result is obtained by multiplying by four the angular offset between the median meridian and the meridian of the place, expressed in degrees and minutes, the result being expressed in minutes and seconds, since 15 ° corresponds to a time difference of 60 minutes. The reading of this difference, on the disk 20, can be done in angular values (degrees of angle), which appear on an outer circle, or in time units marked on an inner circle, by aligning the index 20a with reference at the minute hand 18.
Ensuite, il suffit d'orienter l'aiguille des heures de temps solaire 14 sur le soleil. La direction du nord est alors donnée par l'axe passant par le centre du mouvement et par l'index par lequel transitent les aiguilles des heures à minuit.Then, it is enough to orient the needle of the hours of solar time 14 on the sun. The direction of the north is then given by the axis passing through the center of the movement and by the index through which the hour hands pass at midnight.
Pour mesurer la longitude, sachant dans quel fuseau horaire se trouve l'observateur, ce dernier oriente le cadran de manière à ce que le minuit soit tourné vers le nord géographique, puis il tourne l'aiguille des heures 14 jusqu'à l'aligner sur le soleil. Le décalage angulaire entre les aiguilles 14 et 16 donne l'angle compris entre le méridien médian du fuseau horaire et la longitude du lieu. Dans le mode de réalisation décrit ci-dessus, cet angle est défini par la position de l'aiguille 18 sur le disque 20.To measure the longitude, knowing which time zone the observer is in, the latter directs the dial so that the midnight is turned towards the geographical north, then he turns the hour hand 14 to align it on the sun. The angular offset between hands 14 and 16 gives the angle between the median meridian of the time zone and the longitude of the place. In the embodiment described above, this angle is defined by the position of the needle 18 on the disk 20.
D'autres configurations de l'affichage sont également envisageables. Deux d'entre elles sont représentées sur les figures 3 et 4. Sur la figure 3, la pièce d'horlogerie comprend, comme celle illustrée aux figures 1 et 2, une boîte 10, un cadran 12, des aiguilles des heures 16 et des minutes 18 de temps civil et une couronne 22. Elle comporte, en outre, deux aiguilles des heures de temps solaire 46 et 48 effectuant un tour respectivement en douze et en vingt-quatre heures. Avec une telle configuration, la détermination de la direction du nord géographique se fait en dirigeant l'aiguille 46 vers le soleil. Le nord se trouve dans la direction indiquée par l'aiguille 48. Le mouvement équipant une telle montre diffère légèrement de celui illustré sur la figure 2. Il n'a pas été illustré, car pouvant être facilement réalisé par l'homme du métier. Il suffit, en effet, que la roue portant l'aiguille 46 soit reliée à la roue 34 par la roue 40, les deux roues 40a et 40b ayant le même nombre de dents. La roue portant l'aiguille 46 est reliée à celle portant l'aiguille 48 par un mobile démultiplicateur divisant la vitesse par un facteur 2.Other configurations of the display are also conceivable. Two of these are shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. In FIG. 3, the timepiece comprises, like that illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, a box 10, a dial 12, hour hands 16 and 18 minutes of civil time and a crown 22. It comprises, in addition, two needles solar time hours 46 and 48 performing a turn respectively twelve and twenty-four hours. With such a configuration, the determination of the direction of the geographical north is done by directing the needle 46 towards the sun. The north is in the direction indicated by the needle 48. The movement equipping such a watch differs slightly from that shown in Figure 2. It has not been illustrated, since it can be easily made by the skilled person. It suffices, indeed, that the wheel carrying the needle 46 is connected to the wheel 34 by the wheel 40, both wheels 40a and 40b having the same number of teeth. The wheel bearing the needle 46 is connected to that carrying the needle 48 by a gear reduction unit dividing the speed by a factor of 2.
Sur la figure 4, un disque 50 remplace l'aiguille des heures de temps solaire 46. Ce disque effectue donc un tour en 12 heures. Il est muni d'un index 50a représentant le soleil et qui, s'il est dirigé vers lui, oriente la montre de telle sorte que l'aiguille 48 indique le nord géographique. Par ailleurs, l'aiguille 16 d'une part, le disque 50 d'autre part, sont munis d'échelles 52a et 52b formant ensemble un vernier 52 qui permet un réglage précis du décalage entre les temps civil et solaire. Le mouvement utilisé peut être identique à celui équipant la montre de la figure 3.In FIG. 4, a disk 50 replaces the solar hour time hand 46. This disk thus performs a revolution in 12 hours. It is provided with an index 50a representing the sun and, if it is directed towards it, directs the watch so that the needle 48 indicates the geographical north. Furthermore, the needle 16 on the one hand, the disc 50 on the other hand, are provided with scales 52a and 52b together forming a vernier 52 which allows a precise adjustment of the shift between the civil and solar times. The movement used may be identical to that fitted to the watch of FIG.
Il va de soi que le mouvement et les montres décrits peuvent présenter de nombreuses variantes, sans pour autant sortir du cadre de l'invention. Ainsi, l'affichage de temps solaire pourrait être limité à l'aiguille 14. Dans ce cas, la précision du réglage serait alors réduite.It goes without saying that the movement and the watches described may have many variants, without departing from the scope of the invention. Thus, the solar time display could be limited to the needle 14. In this case, the accuracy of the setting would be reduced.
La friction pourrait aussi être remplacée par un embrayage permettant d'isoler l'une de l'autre les parties du rouage relatives à l'affichage du temps civil et du temps solaire lors de l'ajustement de ce dernier. The friction could also be replaced by a clutch to isolate from one another the parts of the train relating to the display of civil time and solar time during the adjustment of the latter.

Claims

Revendications claims
1. Mouvement pour pièce d'horlogerie comportant un dispositif de commande et un rouage de minuterie (26) muni de premier (34) et deuxième (36) mobiles agencés pour porter respectivement des premier (16) et deuxième (14, 48) indicateurs d'heures, dans lequel lesdits mobiles sont reliés cinématiquement l'un à l'autre et audit dispositif de commande, et ledit rouage (26) est agencé de manière à ce que le premier mobile (34) effectue un tour en douze heures et le deuxième mobile (36), destiné à porter un indicateur de temps solaire, effectue un tour en vingt-quatre heures, caractérisé en ce que ledit rouage de minuterie comporte en outre, un troisième mobile (30), relié cinématiquement et de manière desmodromique au premier mobile (34) et un quatrième mobile (38), relié cinématiquement et de manière desmodromique au deuxième mobile (36), ledit rouage de minuterie étant agencé de manière à ce que le troisième mobile effectue un tour par heure et peut porter une aiguille des minutes de temps civil (18), et de manière à ce que le quatrième mobile (38) soit animée d'une vitesse supérieure à celle du deuxième mobile (36), et en ce que le rouage de minuterie (26) et le dispositif de commande sont agencés de manière à ce que le deuxième mobile (36) puisse, par une action sur le dispositif de commande, être entraîné en rotation de manière continue, sans effet sur la position du premier mobile (34), et de manière à ce que, lors de l'entraînement de ce dernier (34), le deuxième mobile (36) soit simultanément entraîné, en synchronisme avec le premier mobile (34).1. Movement for a timepiece comprising a control device and a timer train (26) provided with first (34) and second (36) movable arranged to respectively carry first (16) and second (14, 48) indicators hours, wherein said mobiles are kinematically connected to each other and to said control device, and said gear train (26) is arranged in such a way that the first mobile (34) makes a revolution in twelve hours and the second mobile (36), intended to carry a solar time indicator, performs a turn in twenty-four hours, characterized in that said timer train further comprises a third mobile (30), connected kinematically and desmodromically to the first mobile (34) and a fourth mobile (38) connected kinematically and desmodromically to the second mobile (36), said timer train being arranged so that the third mobile performs one revolution per hour and can carry ahand of the civil time minutes (18), and so that the fourth mobile (38) is driven faster than the second mobile (36), and in that the timer wheel (26) and the control device are arranged so that the second mobile (36) can, by an action on the control device, be rotated in a continuous manner, without affecting the position of the first mobile (34), and so that when driving the latter (34), the second mobile (36) is simultaneously driven in synchronism with the first mobile (34).
2. Mouvement selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de commande comporte une tige de mise à l'heure (22) pouvant occuper trois positions, une de repos et des première et deuxième positions tirées, ledit dispositif étant agencé de manière à ce qu'une rotation de la tige (22) fasse tourner le deuxième mobile (36) seulement en première position tirée, et les premier (34) et deuxième (36) mobiles, simultanément et en synchronisme, en deuxième position tirée.2. Movement according to claim 1, characterized in that the control device comprises a setting rod (22) which can occupy three positions, one of rest and first and second drawn positions, said device being arranged so in that a rotation of the rod (22) rotates the second mobile (36) only in the first drawn position, and the first (34) and second (36) mobile, simultaneously and in synchronism, in second position drawn.
3. Mouvement selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce qu'un dispositif de désengagement comportant une friction (40c) ou un embrayage est intercalé dans la chaîne cinématique qui relie les premier (34) et deuxième (36) mobiles.3. Movement according to claim 2, characterized in that a disengagement device comprising a friction (40c) or a clutch is interposed in the kinematic chain connecting the first (34) and second (36) movable.
4. Mouvement selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que ledit rouage de minuterie (26) est agencé de manière à ce que le quatrième mobile effectue un tour par heure. 4. Movement according to claim 1, characterized in that said timer train (26) is arranged so that the fourth mobile performs one revolution per hour.
5. Mouvement selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que ledit rouage de minuterie est agencé de manière à ce que le quatrième mobile effectue un tour en douze heures.5. Movement according to claim 1, characterized in that said timer train is arranged so that the fourth mobile performs one revolution in twelve hours.
6. Pièce d'horlogerie munie d'un mouvement selon la revendication 4, agencé de manière à ce que : - le premier mobile (34) effectue un tour en douze heures et porte une aiguille des heures de temps civil (16),6. Timepiece provided with a movement according to claim 4, arranged so that: - the first mobile (34) performs a revolution in twelve hours and carries a calendar time hour hand (16),
- le troisième mobile (30) effectue un tour en une heure et porte une aiguille (18) des minutes de temps civil,the third mobile (30) performs a revolution in one hour and carries a hand (18) of the civil time minutes,
- le deuxième mobile (36) effectue un tour en vingt-quatre heures et porte une aiguille des heures de temps solaire (14), et le quatrième mobile (38) effectue un tour en une heure et porte un disque (20) muni d'une échelle affichant les minutes de temps solaire.- The second mobile (36) performs a revolution in twenty-four hours and carries a solar hour hours of time (14), and the fourth mobile (38) performs a turn in one hour and carries a disc (20) provided with a scale displaying the minutes of solar time.
7. Pièce d'horlogerie selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que ledit disque (20) porte, en outre, une échelle angulaire et permettant d'ajuster la position de l'aiguille des heures de temps solaire (14) en fonction de la longitude du lieu considéré.7. Timepiece according to claim 6, characterized in that said disk (20) carries, in addition, an angular scale and for adjusting the position of the needle solar hours of time (14) as a function of the longitude of the place considered.
8. Pièce d'horlogerie munie d'un mouvement selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce qu'il est agencé de manière à ce que : - le premier mobile effectue un tour en douze heures et porte une aiguille des heures (16) de temps civil,8. Timepiece provided with a movement according to claim 5, characterized in that it is arranged in such a way that: the first mobile performs a revolution in twelve hours and carries a calendar hour hand (16);
- le deuxième mobile (36) effectue un tour en vingt-quatre heures et porte une aiguille des heures de temps solaire (48), et - le quatrième mobile (38) effectue un tour en douze heures et porte un disque (50) des heures de temps solaire.the second mobile (36) performs a revolution in twenty-four hours and carries a solar time hour hand (48), and the fourth mobile (38) rotates in twelve hours and carries a disk (50) of hours of solar time.
9. Pièce d'horlogerie selon la revendication 8, caractérisée en ce que ledit disque (50) d'une part et l'aiguille des heures (16) d'autre part portent des échelles (52a, 52b) disposées en regard l'une de l'autre et dimensionnées de manière à former ensemble un vernier (52).9. Timepiece according to claim 8, characterized in that said disk (50) on the one hand and the hour hand (16) on the other hand carry scales (52a, 52b) arranged opposite the one of the other and dimensioned to form together a vernier (52).
10. Pièce d'horlogerie munie d'un mouvement selon la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce que les deuxième (36) et quatrième (38) mobiles portent, tous deux, des aiguilles (48, 46) affichant les heures de temps solaire. Timepiece with a movement according to claim 5, characterized in that the second (36) and fourth (38) movable both carry needles (48, 46) displaying the hours of solar time.
EP06708698A 2005-03-11 2006-03-09 Timepiece Not-in-force EP1866708B1 (en)

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DE602006014520D1 (en) 2010-07-08
EP1866708B1 (en) 2010-05-26
EP1701226A1 (en) 2006-09-13
WO2006095003A2 (en) 2006-09-14
WO2006095003A3 (en) 2006-11-30

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