EP1860051B1 - Ascenseur avec entraînement par friction - Google Patents

Ascenseur avec entraînement par friction Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1860051B1
EP1860051B1 EP20070108660 EP07108660A EP1860051B1 EP 1860051 B1 EP1860051 B1 EP 1860051B1 EP 20070108660 EP20070108660 EP 20070108660 EP 07108660 A EP07108660 A EP 07108660A EP 1860051 B1 EP1860051 B1 EP 1860051B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
elevator
lever
track
frictional engagement
car
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP20070108660
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1860051A1 (fr
Inventor
Hans Kocher
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Inventio AG
Original Assignee
Inventio AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Inventio AG filed Critical Inventio AG
Priority to EP20070108660 priority Critical patent/EP1860051B1/fr
Publication of EP1860051A1 publication Critical patent/EP1860051A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1860051B1 publication Critical patent/EP1860051B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B9/00—Kinds or types of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
    • B66B9/02—Kinds or types of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures actuated mechanically otherwise than by rope or cable

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an elevator and, more particularly, to an elevator frictionally driven along a track.
  • a frictionally driven elevator is described in EP-A1-0870718 in which a drive wheel and a support wheel are rotatably mounted on levers which are pivotally attached to a lower yoke of a car frame.
  • a compression spring biases the support wheel towards the drive wheel thereby clamping a track therebetween.
  • the compression spring provides a constant normal force to ensure that there is sufficient frictional engagement between the drive wheel and the track during all operating conditions. This constant normal force is determined from the critical operating condition when the elevator car is fully loaded and moving upwards at maximum acceleration.
  • An objective of the present invention is to provide alternative ways of clamping the frictional drive to the track. This objective is achieved by an elevator according to claim 1 of the present invention.
  • the driven frictional engagement means are self-gripping against a track. This effect is achieved primarily by converting the effective weight of the moving component into normal force acting on the frictional engagement means.
  • a self-propelled elevator 1 is shown schematically in Figs. 1 and 2 .
  • the elevator 1 comprises a car 2 which is driven by a frictional drive unit 10 along a vertical track 6 mounted in a shaft 4.
  • the drive unit 10 comprises a pair of driven wheels 12,14 symmetrically arranged about the track 6 to frictionally engage opposing sides of the track 6.
  • the wheels can be rotated in a conventional manner by one or two motors (not shown).
  • the wheels 12,14 are rotatably mounted on levers 16,18 which are interconnected at a hinge 20 from which the car 2 is suspended. Each of the levers is inclined at an angle ⁇ 1 to the horizontal H.
  • the forces acting on the frictional drive unit 10 are illustrated in Fig. 3 .
  • the total weight of the car m c g is transmitted through the symmetric levers 16,18 and into each of the driven wheels 12, 14 which develop equal but opposite normal forces N on opposing sides of the track 6.
  • the total frictional force F f of the drive unit 10 is a combination of the individual frictional forces and the motive forces M developed by the wheels 14, 16 against the track 6.
  • the difference between the total frictional force F f and the weight m c g provides the necessary elevator acceleration A.
  • the coefficient of friction ⁇ 1 between the track 6 and each of the driven wheels 12,14 is 0.3
  • the maximum elevator acceleration A is 2m/s 2 .
  • the angle ⁇ 1 must be equal to or less than 16.7° (arctan 0.3) and in this instance is set to 15°.
  • Figs. 4 and 5 illustrate an alternative embodiment of the present invention wherein a frictional drive unit 30 is used to drive a counterbalanced elevator 1'.
  • the drive unit 30 comprises a pair of driven wheels 12,14 symmetrically arranged about the track 6 to frictionally engage opposing sides of the track 6.
  • the wheels 12,14 are rotatably mounted on a first pair of levers 16,18 which are interconnected at a first hinge 20 from which the car 2 is suspended.
  • Each of the levers 16,18 is inclined at an angle ⁇ 1 to the horizontal H.
  • the drive unit 30 also includes a second pair of levers 36,38 arranged symmetrically to the first pair of levers 16,18 about the horizontal H.
  • the second pair of levers 36,38 is interconnected at a second hinge 32 which is disposed above the first hinge 20.
  • the second hinge 32 is attached by a rope 22 which is deflected over one or more pulleys 24 mounted in the top of the elevator shaft 4 to a counterweight 8.
  • Fig. 6 show an alternative frictional drive unit 40 which can be used in the elevator 1 of Fig. 1 or in the counterbalanced elevator 1' of Fig. 4 .
  • the drive unit 40 has a similar arrangement to that of Fig. 5 with the exception that a passive support roll 40 replaces one of the driven wheels 12,14.
  • the single driven wheel 12 is mounted on a lower lever 16 and an upper lever 36 at one side of the track 6.
  • Each of the levers 16,18 supporting the driven wheel 12 is inclined at an angle ⁇ 2 to the horizontal H.
  • the passive roll 40 is mounted at the opposing side of the track 6 on a lower support lever 46 and an upper support lever 48.
  • the lower levers 16,46 are interconnected at a first hinge 20, while the upper levers 36,48 are interconnected at a second hinge 32.
  • the angle ⁇ 2 at which each of the levers 16,18 supporting the driven wheel 12 is inclined to the horizontal H must be equal to or less than 8.5°.
  • the angle ⁇ 1 at which each of the levers 46,48 supporting the roll 44 is inclined to the horizontal H is not critical since the support roll 44 generates no frictional force against the track 6.
  • the car 2 is suspended from the first hinge 20 (as in Figs. 1 and 4 ) and, if present, a counterweight 8 can be interconnected to the second hinge 32 (as in Fig. 4 ).
  • Figs. 7A to 7C illustrate a frictional drive unit 50 according to the presently preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • the drive unit 50 comprises a pair of belt drives 52,54 symmetrically arranged about the track 6 to frictionally engage opposing sides of the track 6.
  • Each belt drive 52,54 includes a toothed drive wheel 56 which engages with a toothed internal surface of an endless belt 58.
  • the belt 58 passes around a deflection roller 60 to come into engagement with the track 6, along pressing rollers 62 spring biased towards the track, and comes out of engagement with the track 6 at a second deflection roller 60 where it is returned to the drive wheel 56.
  • the rollers 60,62 are carried on a retainer 64 which is pivotally mounted on a lower lever 16,18 and an upper lever 36,38.
  • the lower levers 16,18 are interconnected at a first hinge 20 and the upper levers 36,38 are interconnected at a second hinge 32 arranged vertically above the first hinge 20.
  • Each of the levers 16,18,36,38 is inclined at an angle ⁇ 3 to the horizontal H. For self-clamping, the angle ⁇ 3 falls within the range quoted in equation 1.
  • a compression spring 72 biases the first hinge 20 and the second hinge 32 apart.
  • the drive unit 50 is particularly useful in a counterbalanced elevator 1' such as that shown in Fig. 4 .
  • a counterbalanced elevator 1' such as that shown in Fig. 4 .
  • both the car 2 and the counterweight rope 22 are connected to a connector 66.
  • the effective weight g(m w -m c ) acting on the connector 66 is the imbalance between the weights of the car 2 and the counterweight 8.
  • the connector 66 includes a first recess 68 retaining the first hinge 20 and a second recess 70 retaining the second hinge 32.
  • the connector 66 engages with the second hinge 32 to impart forces through the upper levers 36,38 and the roller retainers 64. These imparted forces are converted by the rollers 60,62 into normal forces pressing the belts 58 into frictional engagement with the respective sides of the track 6.
  • the first hinge 20 is loosely retained in its recess 68 and a clearance C between the connector 66 and the first hinge 20 ensures there is no force transmission therethrough.
  • Fig. 7B illustrates the reverse situation when the car 2 is fully loaded and the weight imbalance acts as a downwards force g(m c -m w ) on the connector 66.
  • the connector 66 engages with the first hinge 20 to impart forces through the lower levers 16,18 and the roller retainers 64. These imparted forces are converted by the rollers 60,62 into normal forces pressing the belts 58 into frictional engagement with the respective sides of the track 6.
  • the second hinge 32 is loosely retained in its recess 70 and a clearance C between the connector 66 and the second hinge 20 ensures there is no force transmission therethrough.
  • the mass of the counterweight m w is 425kg
  • the maximum acceleration A is 2m/s 2
  • the coefficient of friction ⁇ 3 between the track 6 and each of the belts 58 is 0.2.
  • the angle ⁇ 3 must be equal to or less than 11.3° (arctan 0.2) and in this instance is set to 10°.
  • any of the driven wheels 12,14 of the embodiments shown in Figs. 2 , 5 or 6 can be replaced by a belt drive 52,54 according to Figs. 7A-7C and vice versa.
  • either of the belts drives 52,54 of Figs. 7A-7C can be substituted with a passive support roller of Fig. 6 provided that the angle ⁇ 3 is modified accordingly.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Lift-Guide Devices, And Elevator Ropes And Cables (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Ascenseur (1, 1') comprenant un composant mobile (2, 8, 22, 66), une glissière verticale (6) montée le long d'une gaine d'ascenseur (4), des moyens de contact par friction entraînés (12 ; 58, 60, 62, 64) pour un contact par friction avec un côté de la glissière (6) avec un premier coefficient de friction (µ1 ; µ3), et des moyens de support (14 ; 44 ; 58, 60, 62, 64) disposés sur un côté opposé de la glissière (6), étant précisé
    que les moyens de contact (12 ; 58, 60, 62, 64) sont montés pivotants sur au moins un premier levier (16 ; 36),
    que les moyens de support (14 ; 44 ; 58, 60, 62, 64) sont montés pivotants sur au moins un second levier (18 ; 38), et
    que le ou les premiers leviers (16 ; 36) et le ou les seconds leviers (18 ; 38) sont reliés pour supporter de manière pivotante un poids effectif (mg) du composant mobile (2, 8, 22, 66),
    le premier levier (16 ; 36) définissant un premier angle (a1 ; a2 ; a3) par rapport à l'horizontale (H),
    caractérisé en ce qu'une tangente du premier angle (a1; a2 ; a3) est inférieure ou égale au premier coefficient de friction (µ1 ; µ3).
  2. Ascenseur (1, 1') selon la revendication 1, dans lequel les moyens de contact par friction sont constitués par une roue de friction (14).
  3. Ascenseur selon la revendication 1, dans lequel les moyens de contact par friction comprennent plusieurs roules (60, 62) qui pressent une courroie entraînée par moteur (58) pour la mettre en contact avec la glissière (6).
  4. Ascenseur selon la revendication 3, dans lequel les roues (60, 62) sont logées dans un dispositif de fixation (64), et l'une au moins des roues (62) est contrainte par ressort vers la glissière (6).
  5. Ascenseur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, qui a un seul premier levier (16) et un seul second levier (18) reliés au niveau d'une première articulation (20) supportant le poids (mcg) d'une cabine d'ascenseur (2), et dans lequel les moyens de support sont constitués par des seconds moyens de contact par friction entraînés (14 ; 58, 60, 62, 64).
  6. Ascenseur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, dans lequel les moyens de contact par friction sont montés pivotants sur un premier levier supérieur (38) et un premier levier inférieur (16) qui sont disposés symétriquement par rapport à l'horizontale (H) suivant le premier angle (a1 a2 ; a3), les moyens de support (14 ; 44 ; 58, 60, 62, 64) sont montés pivotants sur un second levier supérieur (38) et un second levier inférieur (18) qui sont disposés symétriquement par rapport à l'horizontale (H) suivant un second angle (a1 ; β ; a3), les leviers inférieurs (16, 18) sont reliés au niveau d'une première articulation (20), et les leviers supérieurs (36, 36) sont reliés au niveau d'une seconde articulation (32).
  7. Ascenseur selon la revendication 6, dans lequel le composant mobile est constitué par une cabine d'ascenseur (2) et un contrepoids (8) reliés entre eux, la cabine (2) étant reliée à la première ou à la seconde articulation (20, 32), et le contrepoids (8) étant relié à la seconde ou à la première articulation (32, 20).
  8. Ascenseur selon la revendication 6, dans lequel le composant mobile est constitué par un élément de liaison (66) qui relie une cabine d'ascenseur (2) à un contrepoids (8), l'élément de liaison (66) venant en contact sélectivement avec les première et seconde articulations (20, 32) en fonction d'un déséquilibre de poids entre la cabine (2) et le contrepoids (8).
  9. Ascenseur selon la revendication 8, comprenant par ailleurs des moyens de contrainte (72) pour contraindre les première et seconde articulations (20, 32) pour les écarter l'une de l'autre.
  10. Ascenseur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 9, dans lequel les moyens de support sont constitués par une roue (44).
  11. Ascenseur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 9, dans lequel les moyens de support sont constitués par des seconds moyens de contact par friction entraînés (14 ; 58, 60, 62, 64).
  12. Ascenseur selon la revendication 11, dans lequel les seconds moyens de contact par friction entraînés (14 ; 58, 60, 62, 64) viennent en contact avec le côté opposé de la glissière (6) avec un second coefficient de friction (µ1 ; µ3), et une tangente du second angle (a1 ; a3) est inférieure ou égale au second coefficient de friction ((µ1 ; µ3).
EP20070108660 2006-05-24 2007-05-22 Ascenseur avec entraînement par friction Not-in-force EP1860051B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20070108660 EP1860051B1 (fr) 2006-05-24 2007-05-22 Ascenseur avec entraînement par friction

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP06114506 2006-05-24
EP20070108660 EP1860051B1 (fr) 2006-05-24 2007-05-22 Ascenseur avec entraînement par friction

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1860051A1 EP1860051A1 (fr) 2007-11-28
EP1860051B1 true EP1860051B1 (fr) 2010-10-06

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20070108660 Not-in-force EP1860051B1 (fr) 2006-05-24 2007-05-22 Ascenseur avec entraînement par friction

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EP (1) EP1860051B1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2637702C2 (ru) * 2016-05-26 2017-12-06 Алексей Иванович Карпенков Фрикционный привод каретки вертикального подъемника
US20210221647A1 (en) * 2020-01-21 2021-07-22 Otis Elevator Company Climbing elevator with load-based traction force
US11584621B2 (en) * 2020-07-30 2023-02-21 Otis Elevator Company Autonomous elevator car movers and traction surfaces therefor, configured with traction increasing and guidance enhancing implements
US20220048729A1 (en) * 2020-08-17 2022-02-17 Otis Elevator Company Autonomous elevator car mover configured for self-learning gap control
US11673773B2 (en) * 2020-11-07 2023-06-13 Otis Elevator Company Ropeless elevator propulsion system

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0330809B1 (fr) * 1988-03-03 1993-06-09 Schaffer, Dagmar Ascenseur sans salle de machines
EP0681984A1 (fr) * 1994-05-13 1995-11-15 Inventio Ag Ascenseur automoteur
DE4418480A1 (de) * 1994-05-27 1995-11-30 Hillenkoetter & Ronsieck Vertikalaufzug
ATE243650T1 (de) * 1997-04-11 2003-07-15 Inventio Ag Einrichtung zum festsetzen einer aufzugskabine
DE10140390B4 (de) * 2001-08-23 2005-12-01 HIRO LIFT Hillenkötter + Ronsieck GmbH Vertikalaufzug

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