EP1857429A1 - Propulseur pour l'accélération de projectiles - Google Patents

Propulseur pour l'accélération de projectiles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1857429A1
EP1857429A1 EP06405217A EP06405217A EP1857429A1 EP 1857429 A1 EP1857429 A1 EP 1857429A1 EP 06405217 A EP06405217 A EP 06405217A EP 06405217 A EP06405217 A EP 06405217A EP 1857429 A1 EP1857429 A1 EP 1857429A1
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Prior art keywords
drive according
cas
nitrocellulose
inert
inert plasticizing
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EP06405217A
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German (de)
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EP1857429B1 (fr
Inventor
Ulrich Schaedeli
Hanspeter Andres
Kurt Ryf
Dominik Antenen
Beat Vogelsanger
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Nitrochemie Wimmis AG
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Nitrochemie Wimmis AG
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Priority to EP06405217A priority Critical patent/EP1857429B1/fr
Priority to ES06405217T priority patent/ES2423495T3/es
Priority to PL06405217T priority patent/PL1857429T3/pl
Priority to CA2589014A priority patent/CA2589014C/fr
Priority to US11/798,878 priority patent/US8353994B2/en
Priority to JP2007158049A priority patent/JP5405006B2/ja
Publication of EP1857429A1 publication Critical patent/EP1857429A1/fr
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B25/00—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound
    • C06B25/18—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound the compound being nitrocellulose present as 10% or more by weight of the total composition
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B25/00—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound
    • C06B25/34—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound the compound being a nitrated acyclic, alicyclic or heterocyclic amine
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B45/00—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product
    • C06B45/04—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising solid particles dispersed in solid solution or matrix not used for explosives where the matrix consists essentially of nitrated carbohydrates or a low molecular organic explosive
    • C06B45/06—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising solid particles dispersed in solid solution or matrix not used for explosives where the matrix consists essentially of nitrated carbohydrates or a low molecular organic explosive the solid solution or matrix containing an organic component
    • C06B45/10—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising solid particles dispersed in solid solution or matrix not used for explosives where the matrix consists essentially of nitrated carbohydrates or a low molecular organic explosive the solid solution or matrix containing an organic component the organic component containing a resin
    • C06B45/105—The resin being a polymer bearing energetic groups or containing a soluble organic explosive

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a drive for accelerating projectiles, which is based on nitrocellulose and a method for producing a drive.
  • LOVA propellants Low Vulnerability Ammunition
  • CM insensitive ammunition
  • LOVA propellants Low Vulnerability Ammunition
  • Typical explosives in LOVA propellants are cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine (HMX) and cyclotrimethylene trinitramine (RDX).
  • Previous LOVA propellant charge powders typically consist of a synthetic inert or energetic elastomeric polymer binder in which the crystals of the respective explosive are embedded.
  • Typical binders are CAB and HTPB (inert) and GAP, poly-AMMO and poly-BAMO.
  • propellant charge powders for weapons applications
  • homogeneous formulations comprising single and dibasic propellants.
  • in-depth IM testing has shown that inert starch-based LOVA propellant powder has advantages over cook-off as compared to conventional powders.
  • such formulations can detonate under mechanical action, hitherto preventing their widespread introduction and use (see, e.g., L. M. Barrington, Australian Defense Force (ADF), DSTO-TR-0097).
  • LOVA-TLP with an energetic synthetic binder is in US 6,228,190 wherein the binder consists of a nitratoalkyl-substituted alkyl ether prepolymer having reactive hydroxy end groups and a crosslinker based on a polyvalent isocyanate compound. It is known from practice that powders built up from such binders are cold-prone and that their production is very expensive and difficult.
  • LOVA-TLP with an elastomeric polyurethane-containing binder represent another known class of LOVA-TLP and are inter alia in US 4,925,503 . US 4,923,536 and US 5,468,312 described.
  • the chain-extended polyurethanepolyacetal elastomer binder is obtained by reacting a dihydroxy terminated polyacetal homopolymer with an alkylenediisocyanate, then reacting the resulting isocyanate terminated prepolymer with a dihydroxy terminated polyacetal copolymer and finally reacting this elastomeric intermediate with an organic polyisocyanate. Since the preparation of this elastomeric binder system takes place via several synthesis steps, the costs are very high.
  • LOVA-TLP uses cellulose acetate or derivatives thereof (eg cellulose acetate butyrate, CAB) as elastomeric binders.
  • cellulose acetate or derivatives thereof eg cellulose acetate butyrate, CAB
  • Such formulations are, inter alia, in US 6,984,275 described.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a drive belonging to the technical field mentioned above, which has a low sensitivity to mechanical effects, good "cook-off" properties and at the same time a high performance potential.
  • the drive contains nitrocellulose as a base, as well as a crystalline energy carrier based on nitramine.
  • an inert plasticizing additive is provided.
  • inert plasticizing additives by adding only relatively small amounts (e.g., ⁇ 10% by weight) of inert plasticizing additives, the resistance to mechanical stimuli can be significantly improved.
  • inert additives it is also possible to use combinations of several inert additives to set the desired thermodynamic properties, such as performance or temperature characteristics.
  • the grain structure of such drives is adapted to the specific application (setting the burn-up characteristic on pipe length, bullet weight, etc. of the weapon system).
  • energetic plasticizers e.g. based on Metyl-NENA (CAS No. 17096-47-0), Ethyl-NENA (CAS No. 85068-73-1) or Butyl-NENA (CAS No. 82486-82-6).
  • Comparable monobasic drives that do not contain the novel combination of additives have no IM properties.
  • Another major advantage of the drive according to the invention is its surprisingly high degree of energy conversion, which leads to a high internal ballistic performance.
  • the thermal efficiency i. the proportion of TLP energy content converted into kinetic muzzle energy is up to 44% for full caliber ammunition.
  • thermal efficiencies of up to 36% were found. This corresponds to an increase in energy conversion capacity of up to 10% at a comparable level of performance compared to conventional monobasic propellant powders. This manifests itself in the aforementioned increase in inside ballistic performance potential without deterioration of pipe erosion, since the flame temperature is practically not increased compared to a normal monobasic TLP.
  • the drives according to the invention are also characterized by a largely neutral temperature characteristic. This means that, regardless of the powder bed temperature over a wide temperature range, practically the same internal ballistic performance data is achieved, which makes it suitable for use in hot and cold climates is very desirable. For example, in a 30 mm full caliber ammunition for an airburst application, it has been found that the muzzle velocity varies only by 12 m / s within the temperature range of -32 ° C to + 52 ° C. The highest muzzle velocity is typically around 21 ° C and decreases with increasing warming resp. Cooling off continuously. An analogous course was also found for the peak gas pressure.
  • monobasic TLPs typically exhibit a linear increase in muzzle velocity of 0.5 - 1.0 m / s per ° C, so with monobasic TLP, the muzzle velocity varies by 40-80 m / s over the same temperature range.
  • the drive according to the invention is not based primarily on the crystalline energy carrier. Rather, the proportion of nitrocellulose on the total weight (> 50 wt .-%, in particular> 60 wt .-%) predominates.
  • the use of nitrocellulose ensures that the mean distances between the individual crystals of the crystalline energy carrier are sufficiently large, resp. that the individual crystals mostly do not touch.
  • the shock pulse can not be passed from one explosive crystal to the adjacent crystals. It is prevented that the primary shock pulse is multiplied and transmitted over the entire amount of powder.
  • Another difference between the invention and the previously known LOVA formulations is that the hydrogen content in the combustion gases is not increased. Compared to the previously known LOVA formulations with crystalline energy sources, therefore, pipe erosion is avoided because of high proportions of hydrogen. It can easily be fired several thousand rounds, as prescribed by the usual acceptance conditions.
  • Nitrocellulose is obtained by nitration of cellulose (cotton linters, pulp) and has been the most important raw material for the production of one-, two- and three-base propellant powders for more than a hundred years. Nitrocellulose is available in large quantities at low prices and comes with a wide range of different chemical-physical properties such as nitrogen content, molecular weight or Viscosity offered. These differences allow nitrocellulose to be processed into the various homogeneous types of propellant charge powder. The energy content of nitrocellulose is adjusted via the nitrogen content. In monobasic formulations, nitrocellulose is the sole energy carrier, which means that the energy density of nitrocellulose is relatively high compared to other synthetic binder polymers.
  • nitrocellulose can be used as starting material for the production of drives with IM properties.
  • a crystalline nitramine compound makes it possible to significantly improve the chemical stability in comparison with a nitramine-free drive. This massively improves the resistance to thermal stimuli, whereby the desired improvement of the cook-off temperature can be realized.
  • Another advantage is that the raw materials are inexpensive and readily available and that no exceptional ("exotic") process steps are required in the manufacturing process.
  • the drive is preferably designed in the form of grains (English: grain), which z. B. have a circular cylindrical geometry with axially extending longitudinal channels (e.g., 1 channel, or 7 or 19 channels).
  • a propellant powder is pourable, which is important for the industrial filling of pods.
  • the propellant powder can thus be handled similar to a liquid during filling in the sleeves.
  • the material can also be in the form of strips or extruded directly into a specific, suitable for guns form. (However, it's not about a large-volume, cast block, as it is used for solid rockets.)
  • the length of the circular cylinder is for example in the range of 0.3 - 10 mm and the diameter in the range of 0.3 - 10 mm.
  • strip shapes can also be used. This typically includes shapes where the width is much smaller (e.g., at least 5 times or at least 10 times) than the length, and the thickness in turn is much smaller (e.g., at least 5 times or at least 10 times) than the width. (The thickness is, for example, 1-2 mm, the width is 10 mm or more, and the length is 100-150 mm.)
  • shaped bodies i. hollow cylindrical shapes for an ammunition in which the sleeve is missing or replaced by the arranged behind the ignition "moldings" is replaced.
  • R radical
  • the proportion of the nitramine structural element in the total molecule should be as high as possible in order to achieve a correspondingly high energy content.
  • nitramine compound of the type RO-NO 2 for example, a nitrate ester would be conceivable. However, the latter is chemically less stable than the nitramine compound.
  • the crystalline nitramine compound is preferably used in a concentration ranging from 1 to 35% by weight. Particularly preferred are concentrations in the range of 5-25 wt .-%. At higher proportions by weight of crystalline energy carrier, the crystals are statistically too close to each other and the vulnerability increases sharply. With weights up to 20%, vulnerability remains at a very low level.
  • the vulnerability may be somewhat mitigated for a given weight fraction of the crystalline nitramine compound. It is thus readily possible to work at the upper limit (i.e., at about 25% by weight crystalline nitramine).
  • RDX has two effects. First, it acts as an energy carrier or supplier (known property). Secondly, in the context according to the invention, it increases the chemical stability of the drive (new property). The stabilizing property is already from about 1 wt .-% to fruition. It increases thereafter with increasing weight proportion only insignificantly.
  • the nitramine compound is provided as an energy carrier, then its proportion by weight in the powder grain will usually be more than 10%.
  • active substances such as, for example, Akardit II can be used.
  • hexogen cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine, CAS # 121-82-4
  • octogen HMX, tetramethylenetetranitramine, CAS # 2691-41-0, hexanitroisowurtzitane (CL-20, CAS # 14913-74-7 )
  • Nitroguanidine NIGU, NQ, CAS # 70-25-7
  • N-methylnitramine tetryl, N-methyl-N, 2,4,6-tetranitrobenzenamine, CAS # 479-45-8
  • NTO nitrotriazolone
  • TATB triaminotrinitrobenzene
  • RDX is the most interesting of all these crystalline energy sources. It should be noted that the "insensitive" RDX offered on the market (also called I-RDX or RS-RDX) in the context according to the invention does not bring any improvement, although the I-RDX variant is offered precisely because of allegedly less vulnerability.
  • Octogen is relatively expensive compared to RDX.
  • Other nitramine compounds (such as NIGU, etc.) have relatively little power compared to RDX.
  • the inert plasticizing additive is basically distributed throughout the grain (i.e., in the grain matrix). He can be present in two different variants. It can be distributed more or less homogeneously in the grain matrix. But it can also be more concentrated in near-surface areas than inside the powder grain. The latter can increase the desired effect.
  • the concentration of the inert plasticizing plasticizer in the grain matrix is in the range of 1.0-20% by weight.
  • the concentration is in the range of 1.0-10% by weight.
  • already 1 to 5% by weight suffice.
  • its weight fraction should be less than 10%, namely for medium caliber applications.
  • the weight fraction of the plasticizer may well increase to 15% by weight (due to the ratio of surface area to volume in the propellant charge powder).
  • the inert plasticizing plasticizer in the grain matrix may, for. B. a substantially water-insoluble organic polyoxo compound such.
  • a substantially water-insoluble organic polyoxo compound such as a polyester or polyether compound having a molecular weight of 50 - 20,000 g / mol.
  • the inert plasticizer is enriched in the near-surface zone of the drive, it is a substantially water-insoluble organic compound (typically organic compound containing carboxyl groups (preferably camphor and / or aromatic urea compounds).
  • the plasticizer may be bathed in water during the production process to wash out the residual solvents (such as alcohol, diethyl ether or ethyl acetate) contained in the powder dough for extrusion.
  • the water-insoluble plasticizer thus remains in the grain.
  • the solvent can also be removed by air drying. It is then not necessary for the plasticizer to be water-insoluble.
  • water-insoluble citrate esters adipic acid esters, sebacic acid esters or phthalic acid esters (or hydrogenated cyclohexyl derivatives thereof) having a molecular weight of 100-20,000 g / mol or combinations thereof.
  • plasticizers which are good gelatinators for nitrocellulose.
  • a carboxyl group-containing organic compound having a molecular weight of 100 to 5000 g / l is preferred.
  • the proportion by weight of the total grain is preferably not more than 10% by weight, in particular less than 6% by weight.
  • concentration ranges of the inert plasticizer located in the near-surface zones of the drive below 15% by weight may also be suitable. However, with 1-2 wt .-% at medium caliber good results. Below 1.0 wt .-%, only an insufficient effect could be found.
  • the inert plasticizing additive located on the near-surface zones of the driver is preferably camphor (CAS # 76-22-2). Also included are aromatic urea derivatives such as diethyldiphenylurea (CAS # 85-98-3), dimethyldiphenylurea (CAS # 61 1-92-7), ethyldiphenylcarbamates (CAS # 603-52-1), N-methyl-N-phenylurethanes ( CAS # 2621-79-6) or ester compounds such as diethyl phthalate (CAS # 84-66-2), dibutyl phthalate (CAS # 84-74-2), diamyl phthalate (CAS # 131-18-0), di- n-propyl adipate (CAS # 106-19-4) in question or compounds analogous to those homogeneously distributed in the grain matrix.
  • the inert plasticizing additive can also be applied as a combination of several individual compounds.
  • inert plastic additive examples include acetyl triethyl citrate (CAS #: 77-89-4), triethyl citrate (CAS #: 77-93-0), tri-n-butyl citrate (CAS #: 77-94-1), Tributyl acetylcitrate (77-90-7), acetyltri-n-butyl citrate (CAS #: 77-90-7), acetyltri-n-hexyl citrate (CAS #: 24817-92-3), n-butyryltri-n -hexyl citrate (CAS #: 82469-79-2), di-n-butyl adipate, diisopropyl adipate (CAS #: 6938-94-9), diisobutyl adipate (CAS #: 141-04-8 ), Di-ethylhexyl adipate (CAS #: 103-23-1), nonyl undecyl adipate, n-decyl
  • dioctyl sebacate (CAS #: 122-62-3), dimethyl sebacate (CAS #: 106-79-6), di-n-butyl phthalate (CAS # : 84-74-2), di-n-hexyl phthalate (CAS #: 84-75-3), di-nonyl undecyl phthalate (CAS No.
  • the inert plasticizing additives are also available in part under the following trade names: Hexamoll Dinch from BASF, Citroflex types from Reilly-Morflex Inc., Greensboro, North Carolina USA, and the like.
  • the inert plasticizing additive is localized in the near-surface zones of the powder grain, it has a penetration depth of a few 100 micrometers.
  • the penetration depth i.e., the depth to which at least 95% by weight of the additive is contained
  • the penetration depth is e.g. maximum 400 microns. If the additive is introduced into the grain in this way, the greatest possible effect can be achieved with minimal amounts. This means that the grain volume contains no more inert substances than necessary, which results in a maximum amount of energy-containing material for a given amount of powder.
  • penetration depths in the range of 100-300 micrometers are used.
  • the drive according to the invention is excellently suited for small and medium caliber ammunition, i. the powder grains have a maximum geometric extension of 20 mm.
  • the geometric dimensions of the inventive propellant charge powder are determined primarily by the caliber range.
  • the powder grains for small caliber applications (caliber range from about 5.56 to about 20 mm) on the one hand have cylindrical geometries with a diameter of about 0.5 - 3 mm, wherein the length of a powder grain is typically about 0.5-2.0x of the value of the respective grain diameter .
  • cylindrical powders may contain longitudinal channels extending in the axial direction to influence the burning behavior.
  • 1-, 7- and 19-hole geometries have particularly proven, wherein the diameter of the hole zones is typically between 0.05 to 0.5 mm.
  • the cylindrical grain geometry with a diameter of about 3 to 25 mm has been found to be useful, the length of a powder grain typically being 0.5 to 2 times the value of the respective grain diameter is.
  • longitudinal channels are normally included in the powder grain.
  • strip powders have proven themselves for large-caliber applications.
  • Their cross section is typically rectangular with a thickness of 0.5-5 mm and a width of 3.0-20 mm. The length is typically in the range of 5 - 50 cm.
  • the drive according to the invention can also be designed as a so-called shaped body.
  • the drive additionally assumes the function of the sleeve and comes in so-called caseless ammunition used.
  • Conceivable applications are in the caliber ranges of 4.6 - 155 mm, the geometry of such moldings is adapted to the particular application.
  • a method for producing a drive according to the invention is characterized in that a green grain is produced by pressing a solvent-containing powder dough of nitrocellulose and a crystalline energy carrier based on nitramine in a strand press or by extrusion.
  • the drives resulting from the combination according to the invention of a crystalline energy carrier based on nitramine with an inert additive in a grain matrix, the binder of which consists predominantly of nitrocellulose, can be produced on existing production facilities.
  • the solid formulation components may e.g. be mixed with a solvent mixture.
  • the resulting kneading dough can be kneaded in a kneader and then extruded in a press to the desired geometry.
  • the completion to the desired drive can be done by washing, drying and cutting to the desired grain length.
  • the crystalline nitramine compound may be subjected to a suitable pretreatment.
  • the bulk densities of the novel drives are high and, depending on the geometry, can amount to well over 1060 g / l, which is important for achieving the high internal ballistic performance.
  • a powder dough is used which results in a green grain having at least 60% by weight nitrocellulose, the nitrogen content of the nitrocellulose being between 11-13.5% by weight.
  • the nitrogen content of the nitrocellulose is particularly preferably between 12.6-13.25% by weight
  • the inert plasticizing plasticizer homogeneously distributed in the matrix is a polyester compound (preferably polyester compound having 2-10 ester groups per molecule such as citrates, phthalates, sebacinates and adipates having a molecular weight of 100 - 5000 g / mol
  • the enriched in the near-surface zones of the drive inert plasticizer is an organic substance containing oxygen atoms and having a molecular weight of 100 - 5000 g / mol.
  • the production of the drives includes, among other things, the process steps "kneading with solvents", “extrusion through die”, “drying” and “finishing” (surface treatment).
  • the crystalline nitramine compound which may need to be subjected to a pretreatment to improve the attachment to the matrix, and in the matrix homogeneously distributed inert plasticizing plasticizers are added to the putty.
  • the inert plasticizing plasticizer located in the near-surface zone of the drive is applied either by impregnation of a "green grain" in aqueous emulsion or in a surface treatment process (finishing) together with other additives such as graphite.
  • the extruded powder grains have 2.53 mm outer diameter, 3.08 mm length, 0.53 mm wall thickness and 0.12 mm hole diameter.
  • the green powder thus prepared is placed in a preheated to 60 ° C polishing drum made of copper with about 50 liters of internal volume.
  • the powder mass 7.5 g of powdered graphite (0.15 wt .-%) are added, followed by a solution of 200 g of camphor in 225 ml of ethanol. Then allowed to act at a speed of 24 revolutions per minute for 2 hours, the solvent evaporates gradually through the open front opening. Thereafter, the powder is removed from the polishing drum and dried at 60 ° C for 24 hours.
  • the resulting bulk powder has the following properties:
  • Figure 1 shows that vulnerability to Bullet Impact results in a Type V (burn) reaction.
  • Fig. 2 illustrates the result when bombarded by hot fragments.
  • Fig. 3 shows the result when bombarded with a shaped charge jet. It should be noted that in both cases there is a type V (burn-up) reaction. It remains a single piece, but the powder is burned.
  • the propellant charge powder according to the invention has a flat temperature profile.
  • the speed variation of 12 m / s in the range of -32 ° C to + 52 ° C is low.
  • the muzzle velocity is higher by 30 m / s.
  • the peak gas pressure is smaller, which allows a higher speed (about +50 m / s) with optimum utilization of the approved gas pressure.
  • a 7-hole green powder with 5.49 mm outer diameter, 13.60 mm length, 0.43 mm hole diameter and 1.05 mm wall thickness composed of the solid portions of 10 wt .-% RDX, 2.0 wt .-% Akardit II, 2.0 wt .-% potassium sulfate, 5.0 wt .-% of a phthalic acid ester (which consists of predominantly linear C9-C11 alcohols having an average molecular weight of 450 g / mol and having an average dynamic viscosity (20 ° C) of 73 mPa * s and nitrocellulose having a nitrogen content of 12.6% by weight (supplement to 100%) in the manner mentioned by pressing a solvent-moist kneading dough through a die.
  • the resulting powder has the following properties:
  • Vulnerability 1 Test: 35mm combination test (after Rheinmetall, Unterlüss, Germany). Action of shaped charge jet: reaction type V (burnup), action of hot fragments: reaction type V (burnup).
  • a 7-hole green powder with 2.05 mm outside diameter, 2.30 mm in length, 0.13 mm hole diameter and 0.41 mm wall thickness composed of the solid portions of 25 wt .-% RDX, 1.5 wt .-% acardite II, 0.4 Wt .-% potassium sulfate, 2.5 wt .-% of a phthalic acid ester (composed of predominantly linear C9-C11 alcohols having an average molecular weight of 450 g / mol and having an average dynamic viscosity (20 ° C) of 73 mPa * s) and Nitrocellulose with a nitrogen content of 13.2 wt .-% (supplement to 100%) prepared by pressing a solvent-moist kneading dough through a die.
  • the propellant charge powder used in the M919 ammunition was shot with a charge mass of 101.0 g.
  • Powder from Example 4 charge 100 g 21 ° C 50 ° C 71 ° C -54 ° C Muzzle velocity [m / s] 1430 1439 1445 1403 Top gas pressure [bar] 4135 4333 4409 3896 Action time [ms] 2.88 2.78 2.79 3.19 Thermal efficiency [%] 34.5 35.4 35.7 33.2
  • Comparative powder charge 101 g 21 ° C 50 ° C 71 ° C -54 ° C Muzzle velocity [m / s] 1425 - 1430 1361
  • Top gas pressure [bar] 4150 - 4404 3436 Action time [ms] 3.12 - 2.87 3.62 Thermal efficiency [%] 32.7 - 33.0 29.9
  • the action time is shorter, i. burnup is faster.
  • the speed is 1430 m / s instead of only 1425 m / s.
  • Particularly noteworthy is the better use of energy, e.g. 34.5% compared to 32.7%.
  • test shows that, despite 130 J / g lower energy content compared to the prior art comparative example, one obtains outstanding performance at lower gas pressure.
  • a 7-hole green powder with 2.32 mm outer diameter, 2.62 mm length, 0.14 mm hole diameter and 0.47 mm wall thickness composed of the solid portions of 25 wt .-% RDX, 1.5 wt .-% Akardit II, 0.4% by weight potassium sulfate, 2.0% by weight of a phthalic acid ester (composed of predominantly linear C 9 -C 11 -alcohols having an average molecular weight of 450 g / mol and having an average dynamic viscosity (20 ° C.) of 73 mPas) and nitrocellulose having a nitrogen content of 13.2% by weight (supplement to 100%) by pressing a solvent-moist kneading dough through a die.
  • a phthalic acid ester composed of predominantly linear C 9 -C 11 -alcohols having an average molecular weight of 450 g / mol and having an average dynamic viscosity (20 ° C.) of 73 mPas
  • the muzzle velocity at + 21 ° C is about 70 m / s higher than with a normal monobasic TLP.
  • the temperature characteristic over the very wide temperature range of -54 ° C to + 71 ° C is extremely flat.
  • the t 4 -action times are very short over the entire temperature range and serve as evidence for the surprisingly rapid thermal conversion of the new powder type.
  • the thermal efficiency is 40%, ie the internal energy of the new powder type is very well implemented.
  • the nitrocellulose-containing propellant charge powders according to the invention which contain a crystalline energy carrier based on nitramine and an inert plasticizing additive, in the caliber ranges from 5.56 mm (small caliber) to 155 mm (medium to large caliber, mortar) on a broad front Acceleration of the respective projectile can be used.
  • the new drives have a high ballistic performance and can therefore be used in high-performance applications such as KE ammunition (arrow ammunition) or in full-caliber applications (airburst, ammunition in tanks, artillery and aircraft) without compromise.
  • TLPs are relatively brittle or become brittle as they age. In mechanical action, as occurs during the firing or by enemy bombardment of ammunition, such powder grains can break down, resulting in dangerous pressure increases resp. leads to detonative reactions.
  • the new IM drives have better chemical stability compared to conventional monobasic and nitroglycerin-containing two- and three-base TLPs, resulting in Improvements in cook-off strength (shelf life at high temperatures) is reflected. This is of great advantage for applications in aircraft ammunition with high thermal load peaks or when using the ammunition in warm climates.
  • the new IM drives are characterized by the fact that their content of chemical energy (heat content) can be converted in high conversion rates into kinetic muzzle energy of the powered projectile.
  • heat content chemical energy
  • the efficiencies are up to 36%, while maintaining the weapon-side system requirements, at a high speed level, as previously only available from TLPs, e.g. from EP 1'164'116 B1 ("EI®-TLP") has been achieved (i.e., about 50 m / s more than conventional monobasic TLP).
  • EI®-TLP EP 1'164'116 B1
  • efficiencies of up to 44% are achieved, while maintaining weapon-side system requirements (compared to 39% with EI®-TLP).
  • the new IM drives are generally characterized by a very neutral temperature characteristic, which can be targeted and controlled via the layered structure. This means that the values of peak gas pressure and muzzle velocity at hot and cold temperatures differ only slightly compared to those recorded at 21 ° C. This causes the ammunition to be fired over virtually the entire temperature range with virtually the same internal ballistic performance regardless of the ambient temperature. This behavior, already familiar from EI®-TLP, brings advantages in terms of first hit probability, exploitation of system-related power reserves and constructive simplicity.

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EP06405217A 2006-05-19 2006-05-19 Propulseur pour l'accélération de projectiles Active EP1857429B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP06405217A EP1857429B1 (fr) 2006-05-19 2006-05-19 Propulseur pour l'accélération de projectiles
ES06405217T ES2423495T3 (es) 2006-05-19 2006-05-19 Propulsor para la aceleración de proyectiles
PL06405217T PL1857429T3 (pl) 2006-05-19 2006-05-19 Układ napędowy do przyspieszania pocisków
CA2589014A CA2589014C (fr) 2006-05-19 2007-05-14 Systeme de propulsion pour l'acceleration de projectiles
US11/798,878 US8353994B2 (en) 2006-05-19 2007-05-17 Propulsion system for the acceleration of projectiles
JP2007158049A JP5405006B2 (ja) 2006-05-19 2007-05-18 発射体を加速させるための推進系

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP06405217A EP1857429B1 (fr) 2006-05-19 2006-05-19 Propulseur pour l'accélération de projectiles

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1857429A1 true EP1857429A1 (fr) 2007-11-21
EP1857429B1 EP1857429B1 (fr) 2013-03-27

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EP06405217A Active EP1857429B1 (fr) 2006-05-19 2006-05-19 Propulseur pour l'accélération de projectiles

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US8353994B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1857429B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP5405006B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2589014C (fr)
ES (1) ES2423495T3 (fr)
PL (1) PL1857429T3 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011153655A2 (fr) 2011-09-15 2011-12-15 Nitrochemie Wimmis Ag Système de propulsion à perforations multiples haute performance, exempt de nitroglycérine
WO2014117280A1 (fr) * 2013-01-29 2014-08-07 Nitrochemie Wimmis Ag Poudre pour accélérer des projectiles pour mortiers
WO2015082845A1 (fr) * 2013-12-05 2015-06-11 Herakles Propergols composites stabilises

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5655303B2 (ja) * 2009-12-25 2015-01-21 日油株式会社 シングルベース発射薬
PL2978731T3 (pl) * 2013-03-27 2020-12-28 Bae Systems Plc Nieftalanowe materiały miotające
CA2990862C (fr) 2015-07-03 2022-05-31 Nitrochemie Wimmis Ag Systeme de charge de propulsion destine a des obus d'artillerie
KR101649517B1 (ko) * 2016-02-17 2016-08-19 국방과학연구소 니트라민 산화제를 포함하는 추진제 조성물
LT3642175T (lt) * 2017-06-23 2024-06-25 Knds Ammo Italy S.P.A. Vieno pagrindo sprogstamųjų miltelių kompozicija šaudmenims, ir šaudmenys, turintys tokią kompoziciją
FR3096047B1 (fr) 2019-05-13 2022-06-24 Eurenco France Grains de poudre propulsive comprenant des canaux au moins partiellement obtures

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EP1164116A1 (fr) * 2000-06-15 2001-12-19 Nitrochemie Wimmis AG Procédé de production de matière à haute énergie fonctionelle
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DE2260259A1 (de) * 1971-12-17 1973-07-05 Poudres & Explosifs Ste Nale Rauchlose zweibasische pulvermischung und deren verwendung zur herstellung von "gegossenen" treibstoffbloecken
US4092188A (en) * 1977-05-16 1978-05-30 Lovelace Alan M Acting Adminis Nitramine propellants
GB2258230A (en) * 1982-06-25 1993-02-03 Poudres & Explosifs Ste Nale Production of double-base propergol propellant blocks
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US5682009A (en) * 1994-07-21 1997-10-28 Primex Technologies, Inc. Propellant containing a thermoplatic burn rate modifer
EP1031548A1 (fr) * 1999-02-24 2000-08-30 Nitrochemie Aschau GmbH Procédé de production de poudres à simple, double ou triple base pour munition pour armes à canon
EP1164116A1 (fr) * 2000-06-15 2001-12-19 Nitrochemie Wimmis AG Procédé de production de matière à haute énergie fonctionelle
US6984275B1 (en) 2003-02-12 2006-01-10 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Reduced erosion additive for a propelling charge
EP1616845A1 (fr) * 2004-07-16 2006-01-18 Nitrochemie Wimmis AG Poudre propulsive pouvant être versée

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011153655A2 (fr) 2011-09-15 2011-12-15 Nitrochemie Wimmis Ag Système de propulsion à perforations multiples haute performance, exempt de nitroglycérine
WO2011153655A3 (fr) * 2011-09-15 2013-03-28 Nitrochemie Wimmis Ag Système de propulsion à perforations multiples haute performance, exempt de nitroglycérine
AU2011264361B2 (en) * 2011-09-15 2016-09-08 Nitrochemie Wimmis Ag Nitroglycerine-free multi-perforated high-performing propellant system
WO2014117280A1 (fr) * 2013-01-29 2014-08-07 Nitrochemie Wimmis Ag Poudre pour accélérer des projectiles pour mortiers
WO2015082845A1 (fr) * 2013-12-05 2015-06-11 Herakles Propergols composites stabilises
FR3014431A1 (fr) * 2013-12-05 2015-06-12 Herakles Propergols composites stabilises

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP5405006B2 (ja) 2014-02-05
ES2423495T3 (es) 2013-09-20
EP1857429B1 (fr) 2013-03-27
US8353994B2 (en) 2013-01-15
CA2589014A1 (fr) 2007-11-19
CA2589014C (fr) 2015-03-17
US20120138201A1 (en) 2012-06-07
PL1857429T3 (pl) 2013-08-30
JP2007308367A (ja) 2007-11-29

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