EP1616845A1 - Poudre propulsive pouvant être versée - Google Patents

Poudre propulsive pouvant être versée Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1616845A1
EP1616845A1 EP04405460A EP04405460A EP1616845A1 EP 1616845 A1 EP1616845 A1 EP 1616845A1 EP 04405460 A EP04405460 A EP 04405460A EP 04405460 A EP04405460 A EP 04405460A EP 1616845 A1 EP1616845 A1 EP 1616845A1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
bismuth
grains
powder according
propellant
powder
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EP04405460A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1616845B1 (fr
Inventor
Ulrich Schaedeli
Hanspeter Andres
Attila Vamos
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Nitrochemie Wimmis AG
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Nitrochemie Wimmis AG
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Priority to EP20040405460 priority Critical patent/EP1616845B1/fr
Priority to DK04405460T priority patent/DK1616845T3/da
Publication of EP1616845A1 publication Critical patent/EP1616845A1/fr
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B23/00—Compositions characterised by non-explosive or non-thermic constituents
    • C06B23/04—Compositions characterised by non-explosive or non-thermic constituents for cooling the explosion gases including antifouling and flash suppressing agents

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a pourable propellant charge powder with grains based on nitrocellulose containing bismuth as Entkupferungsadditiv. Furthermore, the invention relates to a process for the preparation of the propellant charge powder and to an ammunition with such a propellant powder.
  • Free-flowing, nitrated cellulose-based propellant powders are used in the caliber ranges from 5.56 mm (small caliber) to 80 mm (medium caliber) in a wide front as drive for accelerating the respective projectile.
  • Such bulk powders have been routinely used for several years and have proven themselves due to their high ballistic performance (high muzzle velocity), excellent chemical and ballistic stability (use in warm climates), cheap availability (good price / performance ratio, renewable raw materials, available in large quantities ) and good properties with respect to bombardment resistance (no detonative reaction when exposed to hollow charge jet or hot splinters).
  • the use of lead has been widely used in several ammunition components.
  • the bullet often contained lead to improve end-effect and trajectory.
  • the double-core projectile which is made up of two lead cores of different hardness and a bullet jacket made of Tombak.
  • the tombac sheath ensures a lower throughput resistance of the projectile and thus a reduced running load, since tombac alloys, which are composed of the elements copper and tin (Tombak is thus brass with a copper content of 70-90%), are very good cold formable.
  • Lead compounds have also often been used for ignition, e.g. Bleiazide.
  • Bi203 is suitable as an additive in the production of perforated propellant charge powder for decoppering.
  • the additives should be in a range of 0-15 wt .-% move.
  • the decoloring additive may be added separately to the powder mass.
  • lead foils were used, which due to their toxicity may not be used in the future.
  • Entkupferungsadditive be bismuth, indium, zinc and titanium metal resp. Alloys thereof mentioned.
  • the application of the described method is problematic, since the significant difference in density between the additive composite and the bulk powder known to lead to a separation of the two different types of grain, resulting in an uncontrolled respectively. incomplete burning of the powder mass result.
  • the addition of an additive composite to a normal bulk powder is technically more complex and therefore more expensive than the use of a uniformly structured drive.
  • the additive composite burns only incomplete because of its high content of inert material, which can lead to increased residue formation.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a pourable propellant powder belonging to the technical field mentioned at the outset, which leaves less copper deposits in the barrel of the rifle or gun and is environmentally harmless.
  • the bismuth compound is contained in the grains in an amount of 0.1-2% by weight.
  • metallic / elemental bismuth may be used alone (i.e., without any other metal such as tin or the like) as a decoloring additive.
  • bismuth (III) oxide as bismuth compound.
  • bismuth oxide (Bi 2 O 3 , melting point 817 ° C, boiling point 1'890 ° C, Density 8.9 g / ccm, CAS no. 1304-76-3, EINECS no. 215-134-7) with a mean grain diameter of 10 microns.
  • elemental bismuth (CAS No. 7440-69-9, EINECS No. 231-177-4)
  • bismuth carbonate oxide CAS No. 5891-10-4, EINECS No. 227-567-9) a surprisingly clear decolouring effect.
  • the bismuth or the bismuth compound should in any case be present in the form of very fine grains ( ⁇ 100 microns). A particle size of less than 20 micrometers is preferred.
  • the bismuth compound (or elemental bismuth) may be distributed in the grain matrix underlying the grains or on the surface or in a surface forming layer of the grains.
  • the bismuth compound is added during the surface treatment so that the bismuth compound and the metallic bismuth, respectively, have a higher concentration in the near-surface layer than in the grain matrix.
  • the surface layer in question is e.g. formed together with the graphite powder and has a thickness of typically up to 50 microns. However, other solids may also be included in the surface layer (such as lime or potassium sulfate).
  • the graphite powder is used in a known amount ( ⁇ 1 wt .-%).
  • the bismuth compound or metallic bismuth should be present as powders having a particle size of less than 100 microns, more preferably 20 microns or less. Fine bismuth powders have proven to be particularly effective.
  • the total amount of bismuth compound contained in the powder grain is incorporated in about half of the total amount in the grain matrix and about half in the near-surface layer. The concentration is thus greater immediately below the surface than inside the grain.
  • the bismuth (III) oxide is preferably present in a concentration of between 0.5% and 1.2% by weight.
  • the small, medium and large caliber based bulk powder is based on nitrocellulose with a nitrogen content between 11-13.5% by weight and can be used as further energetic additives Explosive oils (NGL or DEGN or their combination) or energetic plasticizers (Bu-NENA, Et-NENA or Me-NENA or their combination).
  • nitroglycerin (NGL) is provided in an amount between 3-20% by weight in a near-surface layer.
  • the size of the near-surface layer depends on the depth of diffusion that the NGL achieves during surface treatment (eg, diffusion depth d between 100-500 microns).
  • the nitroglycerin content is in the range of 4-8 wt% for medium caliber and 10-17 wt% for small caliber.
  • Blasting oils can be homogeneously distributed in the grain matrix (2-base bulk powder) or concentrated in the outer layer of the grain matrix (so-called EI® powder, see EP 1 164 116 A1). If the grain matrix no energetic plasticizer resp. Contains explosive oils, it is 1-base bulk powders.
  • the grains have e.g. a maximum geometric extension of 20 mm. If the geometry of the grains is cylindrical, the ratio of length (L) to diameter (D) is 0.25-5, with a length of the grain between 0.3-10 mm and the diameter of the circular cylindrical grain between 0.3-10 mm. If the geometry of the grains is spherical, the diameter of the grains usually ranges between 0.2-20 mm, preferably between 1-5 mm.
  • the thickness is between 0.3-5 mm and the diagonal between 1-15 mm.
  • the grains may contain crystalline energy carriers and / or energetic plasticizers or blasting oils as further main components.
  • crystalline energy carrier for example, one of the following substances is used: nitroguanidine (CAS #: 556-88-7), hexogen (CAS #: 121-82-4) and octogen (CAS #: 2691-41-0).
  • Suitable energy softeners are nitroglycerin, diethylene glycol dinitrate, Me-NENA, Et-NENA, Bu-NENA. Of course, two or more of these substances can be combined.
  • the total amount of these energetic liquid additives is between 0-40 wt .-% compared to the nitrocellulose, preferably between 5-20 wt .-%.
  • the crystalline energy carriers can be added during the kneading of the dough mass.
  • the weight percentages of the crystalline energy carriers are between 0-45 wt .-% of the powder mass, the weight percentages of energy plasticizers between 0-45 wt .-%. Together, the weight should not be more than 75 wt .-% of the powder mass.
  • bismuth (III) oxide in a concentration between 0.1-2 wt .-%
  • the energetic plasticizer in a concentration between 0-25 wt .-%
  • the crystalline energy sources in a concentration between 0-30 wt .-% in front.
  • the energetic plasticizer and the crystalline Energy sources represent a proportion of not more than 50 wt .-%. If neither an energetic plasticiser nor a crystalline energy source are provided (both 0%), then one speaks of a one-base propellant charge powder (only NC as energy carrier).
  • a method according to the invention for the production of a propellant charge powder is characterized in a first embodiment in that the bismuth compound or the metallic bismuth is introduced into a near-surface layer of the grain during the polishing process (finishing). If the bismuth or bismuth compound is to be homogeneously distributed in the grain matrix, the said decoloring additive is added to the kneading compound prior to extrusion. Thereafter, the green grain can be formed by extrusion.
  • the propellant powder makes it possible to produce small, medium and large caliber ammunition which has a lead-free bullet and a lead-free igniter.
  • the green powder may contain other known additives, for example for improving the ignition behavior and for modulating the burn-off behavior.
  • All of the additives mentioned are added to the dough mass during green grain production, i. they are evenly distributed in the grain matrix.
  • the total amount of these additives in the green grain is between 0-20 wt .-% compared to the nitrocellulose, preferably between 5-15 wt .-%.
  • the production of the bulk powders according to the invention comprises the known process steps "kneading with solvents”, “extrusion by die”, “drying” and “finishing” (surface treatment).
  • the bismuth compound is added either during kneading (homogeneous distribution in the grain matrix) or during finishing (enrichment at grain surface).
  • the bulk powder may optionally be accompanied by other additives.
  • additives include on the one hand the classic blasting oils nitroglycerin (NGL, CAS #: 55-63-0) or diethylene glycol dinitrate (DEGN, CAS #: 693-21-0).
  • NGL classic blasting oils
  • DEGN diethylene glycol dinitrate
  • a variety of other energetic plasticizers is also known. These include in particular low molecular weight aliphatic nitric acid esters, nitro compounds, nitramines and azides.
  • a particularly suitable class of substances are the so-called 2-nitroxyethyl-nitramines (alkyl-NE-NA) having the general structural formula (1), where R 1 is an aliphatic radical:
  • the total amount of these energetic liquid additives is between 0-40 wt .-% compared to the nitrocellulose, preferably between 5-20 wt .-%.
  • the liquid additives are either distributed homogeneously in the grain matrix, wherein the powder production is carried out by the known processes kneading / rolling / pressing.
  • an enrichment in the outer zones of the powder grain is conceivable, whereby the production of such bulk powder by impregnation of a green grain in aqueous emulsion takes place (see, EP 1 164 116 A 1).
  • the bulk powders according to the invention have the following geometries: Cylindrical with 0-30 (preferably 1-19) axial longitudinal channels.
  • the outer diameters are between 0.3-15 mm (preferably 0.5-7.5 mm), the lengths are 0.3-15 mm (preferably 0.5-7.5 mm).
  • the ratio of grain length to grain diameter is 0.5-3.0 (preferably 1.0-1.5).
  • the diameters of the longitudinal channels are between 0.05-0.5 mm (preferably 0.1-0.4 mm). In the case of the spherical grain geometry, the diameters are in the range of 0.3-5.0 mm (preferably 0.5-2.0 mm).
  • the geometric dimensions of the bulk powders included in the present application are primarily determined by the caliber range. So can the powder grains for Small caliber applications (caliber range from about 5.56 to about 20 mm) on the one hand have cylindrical geometries with a diameter of about 0.5-3 mm, wherein the length of a powder grain is typically about 0.5 to 2.0 times the value of the respective grain diameter.
  • the cylindrical powders may contain longitudinal channels extending in the axial direction for influencing the burning behavior.
  • 1- and 7-hole geometries have proven particularly useful, wherein the diameter of the hole zones is typically between 0.05 to 0.5 mm.
  • the spherical grain geometry has also proven successful in the small bore range, with the ball diameters typically ranging from 0.3 to 2.0 mm, depending on the caliber range.
  • Fig. 1 the course of the bismuth (III) oxide concentration of a preferred embodiment is shown schematically.
  • the bismuth compound acting as a decoloring additive in this example is one half in the grain matrix (i.e., in the whole grain volume) and the other half in the surface layer.
  • the outer diameter D is e.g. 0.7-1 mm.
  • the surface layer thickness d is e.g. 50 microns. ( Figure 1 is not drawn to scale.)
  • Production Example 1 (0.35% by weight of bismuth oxide on the grain surface and 0.35% by weight in the interior of the grain, NGL on the grain surface)
  • a 1-hole green powder with 0.73 mm outside diameter, 0.93 mm length and 0.10 mm hole diameter composed of the solid portions of 1.5% by weight of acardite II, 1% by weight potassium sulfate, 0.35% by weight bismuth (III) oxide and 97.4 wt .-% nitrocellulose having a nitrogen content of 13.15 wt .-% and prepared in the manner known in the powder art by pressing a solvent-moist kneading dough through a die, are equipped in a 1'000 liter steel reactor equipped with mechanical paddle , Lid inlet valve, bottom outlet valve and vacuum connections, with twice the amount of water added.
  • the batch is heated to a temperature of 80 ° C. Thereafter, a mixture containing 25 kg of nitroglycerin (12.5 wt .-%) and 0.5 kg (0.25 wt .-%) 2-nitrodiphenylamine, dissolved in ethanol, added dropwise. It is allowed at optimal baking mix adjustment (powder bed completely in suspension) and then drips a suspension containing 6.0 kg (3 wt .-%) of a highly viscous at room temperature polyester compound having an average molecular weight of 1'500 g / mol in water. Then allowed to aftertreat stirring. Subsequently, the pressure in the reactor vessel is slowly reduced and distilled off parts of the solvent from the liquor.
  • the vacuum is broken and cooled the approach.
  • the remaining liquid Parts of the approach drained by opening the bottom valve.
  • the liquid portions are drained again through the bottom valve and the remaining wet powder matrix is then removed from the reactor.
  • the wet powder is dried and then finished by polishing about 0.3 wt .-% graphite, 0.35 wt .-% finely pulverized bismuth (III) oxide and optionally other special moderators in a known manner in the polishing drum.
  • the resulting bulk powder has a bulk density of 940 g / l with an energy content of 3893 J / g.
  • a 1-hole green powder having an outer diameter of 0.64 mm, a length of 1.03 mm and a hole diameter of 0.12 mm is first prepared, but in which no bismuth compound is added.
  • This green powder is then treated analogously to Preparation Example 1 with nitroclycerol and the highly viscous at room temperature polyester compound having an average molecular weight of 1'500 g / mol.
  • the polishing is carried out analogously to Preparation Example 1, but no bismuth compound is used.
  • the finished bulk powder has a bulk density of 943 g / l with an energy content of 3,943 J / g.
  • a 1-hole green powder having an outer diameter of 0.64 mm, a length of 1.03 mm and a hole diameter of 0.12 mm is first prepared, but in which no bismuth compound is added.
  • This green powder is then treated analogously to Preparation Example 1 with nitroclycerol and the highly viscous at room temperature polyester compound having an average molecular weight of 1'500 g / mol.
  • the polishing is carried out analogously to Preparation Example 1, during which, however, 0.7% by weight of finely powdered bismuth powder is used during the polishing.
  • the finished bulk powder has a bulk density of 940 g / l with an energy content of 3'918 J / g.
  • a bulk powder is prepared analogously to Preparation Example 2, but 0.7% by weight of finely powdered bismuth carbonate oxide is used during the polishing.
  • the finished bulk powder has a bulk density of 920 g / l with an energy content of 3'919J / g.
  • a bulk powder is prepared analogously to Preparation Example 2, but during the refinement, however, 0.7% by weight of finely powdered bismuth (III) oxide is used.
  • the finished bulk powder has a bulk density of 945 g / l with an energy content of 3,923 J / g.
  • a bulk powder is prepared analogously to Preparation Example 2, but 0.7% by weight of finely powdered tin dioxide is used during the polishing.
  • the finished bulk powder has a bulk density of 925 g / l with an energy content of 3'919 J / g.
  • a 1-hole green powder with 0.75 mm outside diameter, 0.97 mm length and 0.12 mm hole diameter is first produced, in which, however, 0.7 wt .-% bismuth (III) oxide is added.
  • This green powder is then treated analogously to Preparation Example 1 with nitroclycerol and the polyester at room temperature highly viscous compound having an average molecular weight of 3,000 g / mol.
  • the polishing is carried out analogously to Preparation Example 1, but no bismuth compound is used.
  • the finished bulk powder has a bulk density of 923 g / l with an energy content of 3,921 J / g.
  • a laboratory polishing drum made of glass with 1 liter internal volume and a drum temperature of 60 ° C to 100 g of a finished spherical powder with 0.39 mm diameter, a bulk density of 990 g / l and an energy content of 3'812 J / g, which in addition to nitrocellulose with a nitrogen content of 13.15 wt .-% as further main ingredients nitroglycerin (10 wt .-%), dibutyl phthalate (4.5 wt .-%), a mixture of 0.7g (0.7 wt .-%) bismuth (III) oxide and 0.1 g (0.1 wt.%) of graphite dispersed in 5 ml of ethanol.
  • the bulk powder is then allowed to turn for 1 hour with the lid closed. Thereafter, continue to rotate with the removal opening open until the bulk powder shows a shiny surface. The bulk powder is then removed from the polishing drum and then dried for 20 hours at a temperature of 60 ° C. The finished bulk powder has a bulk density of 966 g / l and an energy content of 3'782 J / g.
  • the bulk powder is then allowed to turn for 1 hour with the lid closed. Then, with the removal opening open, continue to turn until the bulk powder has a shiny surface. The bulk powder is then removed from the polishing drum and then dried for 20 hours at a temperature of 60 ° C. The finished bulk powder has a bulk density of 1'025 g / l and an energy content of 3'236 J / g.
  • a polishing drum made of copper with 50 liters internal volume and a drum temperature of 60 ° C to 5 kg of a finished 19-hole powder with a mean outer diameter of 3.61 mm, a mean grain length of 3.80 mm, a mean hole diameter of 0.12 mm and a average wall thickness of 0.58 mm, a bulk density of 1'060 g / l and an energy content of 3'956 J / g, which in addition to nitrocellulose with a nitrogen content of 13.15 wt .-% as further main ingredients nitroguanidine (5.0 wt .-%) and Diethylene glycol dinitrate (18% by weight), a mixture of 35 g (0.7% by weight) of bismuth (III) oxide and 5 g (0.1% by weight) of graphite dispersed in 300 ml 94% by weight industrial spirit, added.
  • the bulk powder is then allowed to turn for 1 hour with the lid closed. Thereafter, continue to rotate with the removal opening open until the bulk powder shows a shiny surface. The bulk powder is then removed from the polishing drum and then dried for 20 hours at a temperature of 60 ° C. The finished bulk powder has a bulk density of 1,055 g / l and an energy content of 3,932 J / g.
  • Production Example 11 (0.35% by weight of bismuth oxide in grain matrix, NGL on grain surface)
  • a 1-hole green powder with 0.73 mm outside diameter, 0.93 mm in length and 0.10 mm hole diameter is first produced.
  • This green powder is then treated analogously to Preparation Example 1 with nitroglycerin and the polyester at room temperature highly viscous compound having an average molecular weight of 3000 g / mol.
  • the polishing is carried out analogously to Preparation Example 1, but no bismuth compound is used.
  • the finished bulk powder has a bulk density of 891 g / l with an energy content of 3'892 J / g.
  • Cartridge casings loaded with Sintox ignition elements were filled with bulk powder from Production Example 1 and sealed with a lead-free bullet. After that, 200 cartridges were fired. The cleaning effort to produce the original tube state was 130 double strokes.
  • Application example 2 Powder from production example 6, cleaning effort in lead-free 5.56 mm cartridge with Sintox ignition.
  • Cartridge casings loaded with Sintox ignition elements were filled with bulk powder from Production Example 1 and sealed with a lead-free bullet. After that, 200 cartridges were fired. The cleaning effort to produce the original tube state was 110 double strokes.
  • Cartridge casings filled with sintered ignition elements were filled with bulk powder from Production Example 3 and sealed with a lead-free bullet. After that, 200 cartridges were fired. The cleaning effort to produce the original tube state was 20 double strokes.
  • Cartridge casings loaded with Sintox ignition elements were filled with bulk powder from Production Example 4 and sealed with a lead-free bullet. After that, 200 cartridges were fired. The cleaning effort to produce the original tube state was 30 double strokes.
  • Cartridge casings loaded with Sintox ignition elements were filled with bulk powder from Production Example 5 and sealed with a lead-free bullet. After that, 200 cartridges were fired. The cleaning effort to produce the original tube state was 10 double strokes.
  • Cartridge casings loaded with Sintox ignition elements were filled with bulk powder from Production Example 1 and sealed with a lead-free bullet. This was 1,500 cartridges fired, the cleaning effort was determined after every 100 shots. The cleaning effort required to produce the original tube condition was between 10 and 20 double strokes for the shot loads examined (100 rounds, 200 rounds, 300 rounds, etc.). When using a non-bismuth-containing reference powder when using the same cartridge and ignition element is the weapon barrel after the same shot load no longer clean and is therefore unusable.
  • Cartridge casings loaded with Sintox ignition elements were filled with bulk powder from Production Example 1 and sealed with a lead-free bullet. This was 1,500 cartridges fired, the caliber at the mouth of the muzzle was determined after every 100 shots. After 800 shots occurred in the use of a non-bismuth-containing reference powder, a caliber extension of 5.54 mm to 5.55 mm, in the powder of Preparation Example 1, however, the caliber at the mouth after 1'500 shots compared to the initial state unchanged at 5.54 mm.
  • Example of Use 8 Powder from Production Example 1, Free Flight with Lead-Free 5.56 mm Cartridge with Lead-Free Ignition.
  • Cartridge casings loaded with Sintox ignition elements were filled with bulk powder from Production Example 1 and sealed with a lead-free bullet.
  • 1,400 cartridges were fired, whereby the free flight (distance between sleeve mouth and introduction into running trains) after every 100 shots was determined.
  • the free flight increased from 3.0 to 3.1 mm, after 800 shots from 3.1 to 3.2 mm and after 1 400 shots from 3.2 to 3.3 mm.
  • the first enlargement of the free flight by 0.1 mm only occurred after 700 shots, until 1,400 shots no longer changed.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
EP20040405460 2004-07-16 2004-07-16 Poudre propulsive pouvant être versée Expired - Lifetime EP1616845B1 (fr)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20040405460 EP1616845B1 (fr) 2004-07-16 2004-07-16 Poudre propulsive pouvant être versée
DK04405460T DK1616845T3 (da) 2004-07-16 2004-07-16 Hældbart drivladningspulver

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20040405460 EP1616845B1 (fr) 2004-07-16 2004-07-16 Poudre propulsive pouvant être versée

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EP1616845A1 true EP1616845A1 (fr) 2006-01-18
EP1616845B1 EP1616845B1 (fr) 2013-10-30

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1857429A1 (fr) * 2006-05-19 2007-11-21 Nitrochemie Wimmis AG Propulseur pour l'accélération de projectiles
RU2561082C1 (ru) * 2014-01-27 2015-08-20 Федеральное казенное предприятие "Государственный научно-исследовательский институт химических продуктов" (ФКП "ГосНИИХП") Сферический порох для 5,6 мм винтовочного патрона повышенной эффективности

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5565643A (en) * 1994-12-16 1996-10-15 Olin Corporation Composite decoppering additive for a propellant
US5747723A (en) * 1996-11-26 1998-05-05 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Modular artillery charge system
US6024810A (en) * 1998-10-06 2000-02-15 Atlantic Research Corporation Castable double base solid rocket propellant containing ballistic modifier pasted in an inert polymer
EP1031547A1 (fr) * 1999-02-23 2000-08-30 Primex Technologies, Inc. Propergol perforé et son procédé de fabrication

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5565643A (en) * 1994-12-16 1996-10-15 Olin Corporation Composite decoppering additive for a propellant
US5747723A (en) * 1996-11-26 1998-05-05 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Modular artillery charge system
US6024810A (en) * 1998-10-06 2000-02-15 Atlantic Research Corporation Castable double base solid rocket propellant containing ballistic modifier pasted in an inert polymer
EP1031547A1 (fr) * 1999-02-23 2000-08-30 Primex Technologies, Inc. Propergol perforé et son procédé de fabrication

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1857429A1 (fr) * 2006-05-19 2007-11-21 Nitrochemie Wimmis AG Propulseur pour l'accélération de projectiles
US8353994B2 (en) 2006-05-19 2013-01-15 Nitrochemie Wimmis Ag Propulsion system for the acceleration of projectiles
RU2561082C1 (ru) * 2014-01-27 2015-08-20 Федеральное казенное предприятие "Государственный научно-исследовательский институт химических продуктов" (ФКП "ГосНИИХП") Сферический порох для 5,6 мм винтовочного патрона повышенной эффективности

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DK1616845T3 (da) 2014-02-03
EP1616845B1 (fr) 2013-10-30

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