Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
  • C08J3/20—Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring
  • C08J3/22—Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring using masterbatch techniques
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K3/01—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients characterized by their specific function
  • C08K3/013—Fillers, pigments or reinforcing additives
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G02—OPTICS
  • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
  • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
  • G02B5/20—Filters
  • G02B5/28—Interference filters

Definitions

• the invention relates to UV absorber-free tanning aids containing IR-reflective pigments.
• sunscreen cream and the like are commonly used as tanning aids to protect the skin from damage by UV radiation.
• a disadvantage of these tools is that such creams can trigger allergies in sensitive people.
• many of these substances are not waterproof. They are replaced during bathing, and then not reapplied again. This negligence can easily lead to skin damage.
• devices which cause a tanning of the skin with the help of built-in UV lamps.
• lying devices for solaria applications of PMMA are also known, which contain large amounts of UV stabilizers or UV absorbers to protect the plastic from degradation by UV radiation.
• tanning with sunlight is not possible.
• a disadvantage of such devices is the high energy consumption of the UV lamps.
• an operation of these facilities outdoors is not provided, so that the tanning is perceived as boring.
• JP 05078544 describes a thermal radiation-reflecting methacryl plate containing coated mica.
• the mica is coated with titanium dioxide.
• the plates thus equipped are e.g. used to regulate the temperature in greenhouses.
• EP-A 0 548 822 describes translucent, IR-reflecting bodies with sun protection and thermal insulation effect, such as plates, web plates or skylights, with a transmission T in the visible range of 45 to 75%.
• a transmission T in the visible range of 45 to 75%.
• the IR-reflecting particles are contained in a 5 to 40 micrometer thick, adhering to the base material coating layer of a transparent, water-insoluble binder and aligned parallel to the surface.
• rutile type TiO 2 pigments are used.
• a twin-screw extruder with counter-rotating closely meshing screws is used and the pigment is incorporated directly into the melt.
• DE 196 18 569 A1 describes multilayer interference pigments consisting of a transparent support material which are coated with alternating layers of metal oxides with low and high refractive index, the difference in the refractive index being at least 0.1.
• mica platelets with an alternating layer of Ti ⁇ 2 / SiO 2 / Ti ⁇ 2 be provided.
• Pigments, as described in DE 196 18 569 A1 are suitable for pigmenting agricultural films in order to keep the infrared radiation of the sun away and thus prevent excessive heating, eg. B. of greenhouses to prevent.
• DE 25 44 245 describes the use of slices of polymethyl methacrylate containing light-reflecting particles oriented parallel to the surface.
• the pigment particles used cause a selective reflection in the infrared range, which can be characterized by a selectivity index of greater than 1.
• IR-reflecting pigments TiO 2 , lead carbonate and bismuth oxychloride are called.
• anatase-type TiO 2 pigment deposited on mica platelets in a layer thickness of approximately 120 ⁇ m is highlighted as particularly advantageous.
• the particles are dispersed in concentrations of 0.01 to 1% by weight in a partially polymerized methyl methacrylate.
• the suspension is then polymerized in a chamber between glass plates to polymethylmethacrylate. If the chamber is stored horizontally, the pigment-mica particles contained can increasingly align themselves parallel to the surface of the disk during the drop, so that the desired IR-reflecting effect occurs in the polymerized disks. This parallel alignment of the IR-reflecting particles can be further improved if the glass plates of the chamber are additionally circulated a few times with each other while the polymerizing material is still in the gel state.
• JP-OS 08-53555 and JP-OS 08-52335 describe the extrusion and co-extrusion of impact-modified acrylic plastic containing IR-reflecting pigments. Since both components are mixed under dry conditions, a high level of pigment breakage is unavoidable. This leads to the fact that the efficiency of the 1R reflection can not be optimal in comparison to the amount of pigment used, since the pigment fragments reduce the transmission but reflect IR waves only poorly or even poorly.
• DE 10122315 describes a translucent, IR-reflecting plastic body consisting entirely or at least partially of an impact-resistant thermoplastic material containing IR-reflecting pigments.
• the impact-resistant plastics have the disadvantage that they are not weather-resistant. Therefore, impact-resistant plastics for outdoor applications must be equipped with UV absorbers.
• tanning aids which can be used to achieve a natural tanning of the skin with the aid of sunlight, without the skin coming into contact with sunscreen cream.
• tanning aid means a device which comprises at least one polymethyl methacrylate shaped body which can be brought between the sunlight and a skin surface to be tanned. Accordingly, this may in particular be transparent roofing, preferably of buildings, or umbrellas which are immobile, for example. In addition, roofs that can be mounted, for example, on ships, especially pedal boats, electric boats and the like, suitable as tanning aids. Applications in solarium or winter gardening are possible.
• it may also be transportable umbrellas, which are fixed depending on the thickness of the polymethyl methacrylate molding in their dimensions, or which can also be folded together.
• weather-stable IR-reflecting pearlescent pigments makes it possible to dispense with the addition of UV absorbers and IR absorbers. This is e.g. the heating of the material and the space behind it is reduced because the IR radiation is reflected and not absorbed.
• Weather-stable IR-reflecting perglaze pigment types are preferably used. These are particularly preferably selected from the group of IRIODINE ®, especially IRIODIN ® 870 and IRIODIN ® 875th
• the translucent tanning aid according to the invention is weather-stable. It can be dispensed with the use of UV absorbers. It is thus possible that the UV light is transmitted. At the same time, the use of these pigments reflects the IR light. This combination results in browning of the skin due to UV radiation at comfortable temperatures, as the reflection of IR radiation protects the room behind the tanning aid from excessive heating.
• the tanning aid according to the invention comprises a polymethyl methacrylate molding.
• Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) is known per se in the art.
• the polymethyl methacrylate molded article comprises at least 30 Wt .-%, based on the weight of the polymethyl methacrylate molding, polymethyl methacrylate.
• Polymethyl methacrylates are generally obtained by free radical polymerization of mixtures containing methyl methacrylate.
• these mixtures for the production of polymethyl methacrylates may contain further (meth) acrylates which are copolymerizable with methyl methacrylate.
• the term (meth) acrylates include methacrylates and acrylates as well as mixtures of both.
• the polymethyl methacrylate molding may contain other polymers, preferably PMMA-compatible, to modify the properties.
• these include, but are not limited to, polyacrylonitriles, polystyrenes, polyethylene terephthalate glycol, polyethers, polyesters, polycarbonates and polyvinyl chlorides.
• the polymers can be used individually or as a mixture, and copolymers which are derivable from the abovementioned polymers can also be used.
• the polymethyl methacrylate molded articles can be further processed by means of thermoplastic molding processes, such as injection molding or extrusion.
• the corresponding polymer mixtures can be produced by the casting chamber method.
• Processing takes place by extrusion of molding compounds. by first producing a premix of the IR-reflecting particles with a low-viscosity thermoplastic. There are 0.25-25 wt .-% IR-reflective pigments with the melt of the low-viscosity thermoplastic, preferably polymethyl methacrylate, at a temperature of at least 280 0 C, preferably 290 0 C to 320 ° C, in a non-pressure, non-shear Zone of a twin-screw extruder, preferably a co-rotating twin-screw extruder, mixed, extruded and transferred into granular form.
• a twin-screw extruder preferably a co-rotating twin-screw extruder
• the granules are directly or as a melt with the granules of a polymethyl methacrylate, optionally with additives and / or PMMA-compatible Plastics, mixed in an extruder, extruding the plastic mixture or coextruded together with another melt of a thermoplastic material in the desired shape. After cooling of the extrudate to obtain the desired plastic body, which can optionally be further processed with standard forming process.
• the pigment in the granular form is better protected against breakage when the IR-reflecting particles with the melt of the low-viscosity thermoplastic at a temperature of at least 280 0 C in a non-pressure, non-shear zone of a twin-screw extruder mixed.
• the fracture fraction of the IR-reflecting pigment can be further reduced if a granulate is produced from the premix which is obtained by precipitation of the extrudate at a temperature or surface temperature of at least 50, preferably 60 to 90 ° C. Apparently, the granules in this temperature range still has a certain softness, the pigment breakage during the knocking process keeps low.
• the polymethyl methacrylate molding may comprise other known additives, but the amount thereof is limited to the intended use of the tanning aids according to the invention. These include, but are not limited to, antistatics, antioxidants, mold release agents, flame retardants, lubricants, dyes, flow improvers, fillers, light stabilizers, and organic phosphorus compounds such as phosphites or phosphonates, weathering inhibitors, and plasticizers.
• the preferred additives include dyes which, when dissolved in methyl methacrylate at a concentration of 0.01% by weight at 350 nm, exhibit a transmission of at least 30%.
• dyes are known per se and, for example, under the trade name ⁇ Makrolex blue RR, ⁇ Makrolex purple B, ⁇ Makrolex violet 3R, ⁇ Makrolex green 5B, ⁇ Makrolex green G, from Bayer, ⁇ Sandoplast construction 2B, ⁇ Sandoplast red BB, and ⁇ Sandoplast green G from Clariant, ⁇ Mikrolitviol BK from Ciba available.
• the examples given below are given for a better illustration of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the invention to the features disclosed herein.
• the premix is prepared by 25 wt .-% of the pigment Iriodin® 870 (manufacturer Fa. Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany) in the melt of a polymer of 91 wt .-% methyl methacrylate and 9 wt .-% methyl acrylate at 300 0 C incorporated.
• the pigment is added via a side feed, without pressure in a non-pressure, non-shearing extruder zone via a volumetric screw feed system.
• the granulation to granules with a length of 2.5 to 3.5 mm and a diameter of 2 to 3 mm is carried out at 80 0 C (surface temperature).
• the processing takes place by extrusion of molding compositions by first producing a premix as indicated in Example 1.
• the granules produced are mixed directly with the granules of a polymethylmethacrylate in an extruder.
• the resulting plastic mixture is extruded or coextruded together with another melt of a thermoplastic in the desired shape.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Optics & Photonics (AREA)
• Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
• Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
• Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
• Laminated Bodies (AREA)
• Treatment And Processing Of Natural Fur Or Leather (AREA)
• Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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Family Applications (1)

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• 2005
  • 2005-02-03 DE DE102005005208A patent/DE102005005208A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2005-11-03 JP JP2007553470A patent/JP2008528770A/ja active Pending
  • 2005-11-03 KR KR1020077017876A patent/KR20070107690A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2005-11-03 EP EP05799696A patent/EP1844355A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2005-11-03 US US11/813,594 patent/US20080045653A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2005-11-03 WO PCT/EP2005/011757 patent/WO2006081848A1/de active Application Filing
  • 2005-11-03 CN CNA2005800402719A patent/CN101065689A/zh active Pending
  • 2005-11-03 MX MXMX07008853A patent/MX2007008853A/es unknown
  • 2005-11-03 CA CA002596940A patent/CA2596940A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2005-11-03 AU AU2005326462A patent/AU2005326462A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2005-11-16 TW TW094140343A patent/TW200634118A/zh unknown
• 2007
  • 2007-08-02 ZA ZA200706461A patent/ZA200706461B/xx unknown

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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