EP1840071A2 - Pre-stressed bearing - Google Patents

Abstract

The support has a pin and is swivel-mounted around the pin. The pivot at the arms (2) and guide plates (12,13,16,17) are provided between the upper and lower bearing point of the pivot. One of the two guide plates is flexibly mounted in the upper bearing point, such that when arm swings into the operating position the entire vertically linked up pivot and the pin (3) is relieved. The upper and lower guide plates are flexibly mounted.

Description

The invention relates to a prestressed bearing according to the preamble of the first claim.

The invention is applicable wherever lanes of rail-bound vehicles, in particular crane pens, which run during their operation on a split (pushed) roadway and must drive over this lane impact, are present.

Such roadways can be arranged on cranes, such as gantry cranes such as container cranes, overhead cranes or the like. These cranes have on the crane, the bridge part with a horizontal roadway for the cat and a folding carriage, which is rotatably mounted about an axis in a bearing. A boom lock, which receives forces between the carrier and crane, connects the bridge part with the boom. On the boom lock sliding plates are arranged, with which the driving carrier enters the crane part.

Such a bearing is for example in DE 102 39 565 A1 described, with the lanes on the boom lock was not described.

Typically, the moving part of the roadways, which may be on a folding boom, in its operating position, that is to say in a horizontal position, is supported vertically by one type of support, that is to say the vertical forces are due to the weight of the boom itself and of the boom running thereon Vehicle, such as a crane trolley, should not be transmitted via the bolt of the boom joint, but via the rigidly mounted sliding plates of the fixed part in the moving part of the road. For this, the boom lock described above was created for the operating position of the boom, which consists of an upper bearing point with upper and lower sliding plate and a lower bearing point with upper and lower sliding plate. In the construction and the function of such a lock-like connection, the sliding plates and their substructure are usually approximately free of stress, since the weight of the boom during pivoting in the horizontal position and consequently also in the horizontal position are not transmitted exclusively on the hinge pin.

Now, if the connection between the fixed and movable part of the roadway by a variable load, such as a moving trolley, loaded, inevitably deformed first, the hinge pin and its storage and the entire substructure to to the roadway before the sliding plates are subjected to pressure. This deformation of the power flow component leads to a vertical displacement of the two rail ends, resulting in premature wear and poor performance.

The object of the invention is to minimize the elastic deformation of the fixed and moving part of the roadway of a rail-bound vehicle in the region of the rail joint between the fixed and movable part in order to achieve a shock-free transition of the impeller from the fixed to the moving part of the road.

This object is achieved by a preloaded bearing according to the features of the first claim.

Advantageous embodiments of the invention give the dependent claims.

The solution according to the invention provides that the sliding plates of the upper bearing point are mounted so that upon pivoting of the boom in the operating position, the entire boom lock is biased vertically, which leads to the relief of the boom pin.

This is achieved in that at least one of the sliding plates of the upper bearing point is mounted on an elastic base. An elastic pad can by means of spring, d. H. a metal spring, or a spring made of an elastic material can be achieved. Also advantageous may be the execution of a motor-operated screw or a hydraulic biasing device.

The lower support can basically be omitted in this embodiment, being used as an abutment of the Auslegebolzen.

It is possible to support both upper sliding plates elastically or only one of them, for example the upper or the lower sliding plate.

In the case of storage of the lower sliding plate of the upper bearing point on an elastic pad or a mechanical spring, the sliding plate must be installed with oversize, so that the elastic pad is deformed when retracted into the operating position and can apply a defined force. The forces in the lower bearing resulting from the bias of the upper bearing are greater than the forces of the proportionate weight of the support and the cat thereon, so that the lower bearing in the operating position, ie in a horizontal position and with the vertical loads from proportionate weight of the moving part of the carriageway and the cat can not open. All other sliding plates, which are not elastically mounted, are rigidly mounted.

Advantageously, at least all the upper slide plates have a convex contact surface following the cylindrical shape, with which they bear against the lower slide plates, the radius of the cylinder being equal to the distance from the center of the boom bolts to the contact surface of the respective slide plate pair.

It is also advantageous to provide the lower sliding plates with a convex, the cylindrical shape following contact surface, so that there is a surface contact with the contact of the upper and lower sliding plate. The sliding plates should advantageously be made of a wear-resistant material and, if required by the selection of the material to be lubricated. For this purpose, means should advantageously be provided for introducing lubricant into or on the sliding plates.

The inventive solution has the advantage that a stepless or shock-free transition between the lanes is present, which has a quiet running of wheels and less wear.

Figur 1:

Kran mit Ausleger

Figur 2:

Einzelheit Z bei geschlossenem Ausleger

Figur 3:

Einzelheit Z bei geöffnetem Ausleger

Figur 4:

Oberer Teil des Auslegerschlosses

Figur 5:

Unterer Teil des Auslegerschlosses

Figur 6:

Kranbahnträger mit Kran und Auslegerteil auf Zulagen.

In the following, the invention will be explained in more detail on an embodiment and 6 figures. The figures show:

FIG. 1:

Crane with outrigger

FIG. 2:

Detail Z with boom closed

FIG. 3:

Detail Z with open arm

FIG. 4:

Upper part of the boom lock

FIG. 5:

Lower part of the boom lock

FIG. 6:

Crane track girder with crane and jib part on allowances.

1 shows a container crane 1 with its land-side part on which a boom 2 is arranged, on which the cat 6 is located, which moves on lanes 8 on the boom and the upper part of the crane 1. Between boom 2 and crane 1, the boom lock is arranged, which is shown as a detail Z.

The detail Z is shown both in the closed boom 2 and in the open boom 2 in Figures 2 and 3 . Between boom 2 and crane 1 is the boom joint arranged with bolts 3. On the boom 2, the upper slide plate 12 are mounted in the upper bearing point and the lower slide plate 16 in the lower bearing point, the crane 1, the lower slide plate 13 in the upper bearing point and the upper slide plate 17 in the lower bearing point. The fastenings of the slide plates 12, 13, 16, 17 are shown in more detail in Figures 4 and 5 .

FIG. 4 shows the upper part of the boom lock, in which a spring element 14 is arranged between the support and the lower slide plate 13. The spring element 14 shown is a compressible steel-reinforced rubber plate. Both sliding plates 12, 13 are secured by thrust pegs 11, 4 and screws 7 in their camps. The upper slide plate 12 in the upper bearing point has no suspension.

FIG. 5 shows the sliding plates 16, 17 of the lower part of the arm lock, which are fastened with the push catches 15, 5 and screws 7. On the figures 4 and 5 crack marks 9 for the sliding plates 12, 13, 16, 17 are located.

Figure 6 shows a crane runway carrier, consisting of the fixed track portion 19 and the boom 18, both mounted on allowances, wherein between both the boom lock is arranged. The production of a prestressed boom lock is to be described verbally with reference to FIG. 6, the example being restricted to the use of elastic members as clamping elements. The assembly with hydraulic actuators or screw spindle is done analogously.

Usually fixed and movable part of the roadway 18, 19 are mounted on allowances (Figure 6). The allowances are arranged so that the support corresponds to the allowances of the support in the installed state of the road.

The fixed part of the road is referred to as a bridge girder 19, the movable part as a boom 18.

Since there is no connection between boom 18 and bridge girder 19, the boom 18 must be additionally supported in the area of the boom joint (allowance 20 shown in dashed lines).

After boom 18 and bridge girder 19 are aligned (escape, altitude), the bore of the hinge pin is touched.

Then the lower bearing point is assembled. It is important to ensure that the cylinder surface of the sliding plates in height exactly aligned with the radius of the bearing bore and in elevation the central axis of the cylinder at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the road and is fixed with the push knobs. For the alignment will be expediently used conventional lining sheets and a known bedding in an epoxy potting compound.

Now in the upper bearing point instead of the sliding plates hydraulic presses or wedges or other suitable for the introduction of the biasing force tools installed and braced cantilever and bridge carrier against each other. The required biasing force is determined by the largest vertical force occurring in operation plus a safety margin to reliably avoid gaping of the joint between the sliding plates in the lower bearing during operation.

After boom 18 and bridge girder 19 are braced, the allowance 20 is removed, the aligned ends to be abutted ends of the two rails or adapted (grind or machined pad) and the bore for the hinge pin 3 by conventional means and procedures spindled or drilled.

Now the allowance 20 is reactivated, the tension of both parts of the road lifted and mounted the sliding plates in the upper bearing point. For this purpose, the sliding plates are first inserted, coarsely aligned in height with lining plates in height aligned exactly in the elevation and installed the sliding catches. Thereafter, the sliding plates are removed, introduced the epoxy resin bedding of the lower sliding plate and then set the height of the lower sliding plate by means of lining plates so that the cylindrical surface is exactly in radius to the axis of rotation of the joint.

Now the upper sliding plate is placed on the lower, with chucking plates aufgefuttert up and introduced the epoxy resin bedding for the upper sliding plate.

Then bridge support 19 and boom 18 are separated, under the lower sliding plate in the upper bearing an elastic clamping element, for. B. a rubber plate, a high-bay warehouse or the like introduced and set the slide plate in height with lining plates to a certain excess.

This excess is determined by the spring behavior of the clamping element and is adjusted so that the required biasing force is generated with the boom 18 in the operating position in the boom lock.

List of reference numbers used

1

crane

2

boom

3

Boom joint with bolt

4

Schubknagge (above)

5

Push knob (below)

6

cat

7

screw

8th

roadway

9

Rißmarke

10

Schubknagge (above)

11

Push knob (below)

12

Upper sliding plate in the upper bearing point

13

Lower sliding plate in the upper bearing point

14

spring element

15

Schubknagge (above)

16

lower sliding plate in the lower bearing point

17

Upper sliding plate in the lower bearing point

18

Boom on allowance

19

Bridge girder on allowance

20

Additional allowance

Claims (9)

Prestressed support for cantilevered outriggers, preferably for pivotable carriageways for rail-bound vehicles such as trolleys on cantilevers (2) pivotally mounted by bolts (3), the lock on the cantilever (2) and sliding plates (12, 13, 16, 17) between the upper and lower bearing point of the castle, characterized in that
at least one of the two sliding plates (12, 13) is elastically mounted in the upper bearing point, so that upon pivoting of the boom (2) in the operating position, the entire castle is biased vertically and the bolt (3) is relieved. Support according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper slide plate (12) is elastically mounted. Support according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower sliding plate (13) is elastically mounted. Support according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the elastic bearing is a spring element (14). Support according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the elastic bearing is a motor-operated screw spindle or a hydraulic biasing device. Support according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that all the upper sliding plates (12, 17) has a convex, the cylindrical shape following contact surface to the other sliding plate (13, 16). A support according to claim 6, characterized in that the radius of the cylinder is equal to the distance from the center of the cantilever pin (3) to the surface of the lower slide plate (13, 16). Support according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the lower sliding bearings (13, 16) have a concave, the cylindrical shape following contact surface, so that in the contact of upper and lower sliding plate (12, 13, 16, 17) results in a surface contact. Support according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the sliding plates (12, 13, 16, 17) are made of wear-resistant material and have means for applying lubricant.

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