EP1826321A1 - Locking device - Google Patents

Locking device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1826321A1
EP1826321A1 EP07290231A EP07290231A EP1826321A1 EP 1826321 A1 EP1826321 A1 EP 1826321A1 EP 07290231 A EP07290231 A EP 07290231A EP 07290231 A EP07290231 A EP 07290231A EP 1826321 A1 EP1826321 A1 EP 1826321A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
frame
covering element
abutment
cover member
locking
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP07290231A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1826321B1 (en
Inventor
Arnaud Cuny
Francis Berthon
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Saint Gobain PAM SA
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Saint Gobain PAM SA
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Publication date
Application filed by Saint Gobain PAM SA filed Critical Saint Gobain PAM SA
Priority to PL07290231T priority Critical patent/PL1826321T3/en
Publication of EP1826321A1 publication Critical patent/EP1826321A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1826321B1 publication Critical patent/EP1826321B1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/12—Manhole shafts; Other inspection or access chambers; Accessories therefor
    • E02D29/14—Covers for manholes or the like; Frames for covers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/12—Manhole shafts; Other inspection or access chambers; Accessories therefor
    • E02D29/14—Covers for manholes or the like; Frames for covers
    • E02D29/1427—Locking devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a closure device, in particular a manhole, of the type comprising a fixed frame and a covering element supported by the frame, the frame defining a frame plane and a central axis, the covering element being articulated to the frame by a hinge, the device comprising a first latch provided with a first locking surface integral with the covering element and a first locking surface secured to the frame, these two first locking surfaces being inclined relative to the plane and cooperating when the cover member is in the closed position on the frame, the cover member and the frame having a stop circumferentially offset from the first lock relative to the central axis, the stop having a stop surface integral with the cover member and an abutment surface integral with the frame, these abutment surfaces co-operating exclusively with ent when the covering element is in the closed position and limiting a displacement of the covering element in the frame according to the frame plane.
  • the invention applies in particular to the closing devices of inspection or inspection chimneys of an underground water network, such as manholes or sidewalks, to the closing devices of technical inspection chambers.
  • an underground cable network such as hatches, and gull cap devices such as water absorption grilles.
  • Document is known EP-A-533,533 a locking padlock floor that includes a hinge connecting the pad and the frame.
  • the pad and the frame further include a snap lock.
  • the latch is provided with an end latch intended to cooperate with a corresponding latching stop of the frame, the latch and its associated abutment each having two inclined surfaces forming a cam active in the opening and closing direction of the buffer.
  • the known manhole also comprises means for taking up the horizontal forces in the form of two stops 22 which project horizontally from the web of the buffer and which are intended to limit the displacement of the buffer in the frame exclusively in the horizontal direction.
  • the object of the invention is to improve the cited manhole and to propose a closure device which, when the covering element is locked on its support frame, optimizes with simple means the stability of the covering element in the horizontal and vertical direction, the covering element can be a buffer or a grid.
  • the subject of the invention is a device of the type indicated, characterized in that the abutment surfaces of the covering element and of the frame are inclined with respect to the frame plane by an angle of between 30.degree. 80 ° and place the covering element on the frame.
  • Figure 3 a manhole according to the invention, designated by the general reference 2.
  • the manhole 2 comprises a fixed frame 4 and a blanking plug 6.
  • the manhole 2 is further provided with a soundproofing lining 8 in the form of a ring, made of plastic material.
  • the fixed frame 4 is a cast piece of ductile iron. As can be seen in FIG. 1, it has a general ring shape having a central axis X-X. It defines a P-P framework plan. In the mounted state of vision, the central axis X-X extends vertically and the P-P frame plane extends horizontally and is flush with the surface of the roadway.
  • the tampon 6, which is illustrated in FIG. 2, is molded in one piece of ductile iron and essentially comprises a plane upper web 10 under which stiffening ribs 12 project.
  • the web 10 has a circular shape of axis YY, which, when the buffer is in the closed position, coincides with the central axis XX.
  • the buffer 6 is hinged to the fixed frame 4 by a hinge 14 allowing the rotation of the buffer between an open position and a closed position about a hinge axis ZZ.
  • the hinge 14 is provided with a frame hinge 16, comprising two recesses 18 open upwards in the mounted state, and a buffer knuckle 20 comprising two hinge lugs 22 extending substantially radially with respect to the central axis YY of the buffer.
  • the recesses 18 and the tabs 22 have cooperating hinge surfaces in the form of a cylindrical segment with a circular cross section of ZZ axis.
  • the pad 6 further has, opposite the hinge 14, an operating member 26 for unlocking and opening the pad 6.
  • this operating member 26 is received in a recess 28 of the frame located opposite the hinge 14.
  • the manhole 2 is further provided with two latches 30, one of which is visible in FIG. 3.
  • Each latch 30 comprises a locking surface 32 integral with the fixed frame 4 and a locking surface 34 secured to the pad 6. These surfaces 32, 34 are directed toward each other and inclined relative to the frame plane PP an angle ⁇ , which is strictly between 0 ° and 60 °, and which is preferably between 30 and 45 °.
  • each latch 30 is circumferentially offset from the hinge 14 by an angle ⁇ which is at least 90 °.
  • the angle ⁇ is substantially 120 °, the latches 30 are thus circumferentially offset from each other by an angle of 120 °.
  • Each latch 30 comprises a circumferential elastic arm 40, elastically deformable due to the mechanical properties of the ductile iron of which it is made.
  • the elastic arm 40 has one end circumferential fixed 42 which is integral with one of the stiffening ribs 12 of the buffer, while its other end 44 is free and carries the locking surface 34.
  • the free end 44 is radially movable between a buffer lock position 6 in the frame 4, visible in Figures 3 and 3B, and an unlocking position of the buffer 6 in the frame 4, visible in Figure 3C. It can be seen that in the unlocking position, the locking surface 34 of the pad is radially completely disengaged from the locking surface 32 of the frame and thus allows the pad 6 to tilt in the direction of opening.
  • the two elastic arms 40 extend in opposite circumferential directions. In addition, being offset from each other by about 120 °, the two arms 40 thus form ergonomic means for gripping the pad 6 to extract the frame or its transport.
  • the buffer 6 comprises means 46 for limiting the displacement of the free end 44, and therefore of the locking surface 34, in the direction of movement towards the unlocking position.
  • the arms 40 can not be deformed in an exaggerated manner.
  • the fixed frame 4 and the pad 6 further have a stop 50 adapted to limit the displacement of the pad 6 in the frame according to the PP frame plane.
  • the stop 50 is further adapted to oppose a translation of the buffer 6 along the central axis XX when the buffer is in the closed position on the frame.
  • the stop 50 comprises an abutment surface 52 disposed on a projection 54 of each hinge lug 22.
  • This abutment surface 52 cooperates, when the buffer is locked on the frame, with a complementary abutment surface 56 arranged in each recess 18 of the frame 4.
  • the two abutment surfaces 52, 56 are inclined relative to the frame plane PP by an angle ⁇ , which is between 30 ° and 80 ° approximately.
  • the stop surfaces 52 and the locking surfaces 34 of the pad 6 are simultaneously in contact with the corresponding abutment 56 and locking 32 surfaces of the frame 4.
  • the dimensions of the pad 6 and the frame 4 are such that the elastic arms 40 resiliently bias the locking surfaces 34 of the buffer against the corresponding locking surfaces 32 of the frame, as well as the abutment surfaces 52 of the buffer against the corresponding abutment surfaces 56 of the frame.
  • the contact between the abutment surfaces 52, 56 thus generates a bearing reaction which is perpendicular to these inclined surfaces and which opposes the two normal reactions generated by the contact of the two surfaces of the abutment. locking 34 of the buffer with the corresponding locking surfaces 32 of the frame.
  • the manhole 2 comprises snap-on surfaces 60, 62 arranged on the one hand on each of the elastic arms 40 and on the other hand on the frame 4 and adapted to cooperate together so as to automatically bring each arm 40 , by elastic deformation, in its locking position during the closure of the buffer.
  • the latching surfaces 60, 62 have a common inclination greater than 0 ° and less than or equal to 45 ° with respect to the central axis X-X, thus forming active cams in the closing direction of the buffer.
  • the bottom of the hinge box of the frame is provided with an orifice 64 ( Figure 1) allowing the passage of the hinge tabs 22 of the buffer when it is in a position of opening at 90 ° with respect to its closed position, thus making it possible to secure the buffer in this open 90 ° position in order to prevent any inadvertent closing in the case of, for example, inspection of the pavement look by an operator.
  • the frame 4 defines an access opening which extends parallel to the PP frame plane and which is adapted to be closed by the covering element 6. Also, the central axis XX extends perpendicularly to the PP frame plane.

Abstract

The closure device has a lid (6) supported by a fixed frame (4). The stop surfaces of the lid and frame are inclined relative to a frame plane by an angle from 30-80[deg], to maintain the lid flat on the frame. An access opening closable by the lid is delimited by the frame and the frame plane is extended into the access opening. An independent claim is included for manhole cover.

Description

La présente invention concerne un dispositif de fermeture, notamment regard de chaussée, du type comprenant un cadre fixe et un élément de recouvrement supporté par le cadre, le cadre définissant un plan de cadre et un axe central, l'élément de recouvrement étant articulé au cadre par une charnière, le dispositif comprenant un premier verrou muni d'une première surface de verrouillage solidaire de l'élément de recouvrement et d'une première surface de verrouillage solidaire du cadre, ces deux premières surfaces de verrouillage étant inclinées par rapport au plan de cadre et coopérant lorsque l'élément de recouvrement est en position de fermeture sur le cadre, l'élément de recouvrement et le cadre ayant une butée décalée circonférentiellement du premier verrou par rapport à l'axe central, la butée comportant une surface de butée solidaire de l'élément de recouvrement et une surface de butée solidaire du cadre, ces surfaces de butée coopérant exclusivement lorsque l'élément de recouvrement est en position de fermeture et limitant un déplacement de l'élément de recouvrement dans le cadre selon le plan de cadre.The present invention relates to a closure device, in particular a manhole, of the type comprising a fixed frame and a covering element supported by the frame, the frame defining a frame plane and a central axis, the covering element being articulated to the frame by a hinge, the device comprising a first latch provided with a first locking surface integral with the covering element and a first locking surface secured to the frame, these two first locking surfaces being inclined relative to the plane and cooperating when the cover member is in the closed position on the frame, the cover member and the frame having a stop circumferentially offset from the first lock relative to the central axis, the stop having a stop surface integral with the cover member and an abutment surface integral with the frame, these abutment surfaces co-operating exclusively with ent when the covering element is in the closed position and limiting a displacement of the covering element in the frame according to the frame plane.

L'invention s'applique notamment aux dispositifs de fermeture de cheminées de visite ou d'inspection d'un réseau d'eau souterrain, tels que des regards de chaussée ou de trottoirs, aux dispositifs de fermeture de chambres techniques d'inspection d'un réseau câblé souterrain, tels que des trappes, et aux dispositifs de couronnement de bouches d'égouts tels que les grilles d'absorption d'eau.The invention applies in particular to the closing devices of inspection or inspection chimneys of an underground water network, such as manholes or sidewalks, to the closing devices of technical inspection chambers. an underground cable network, such as hatches, and gull cap devices such as water absorption grilles.

On connaît du document EP-A-533 533 un regard de chaussée à tampon verrouillable qui comprend une charnière reliant le tampon et le cadre. Le tampon et le cadre comprennent en outre un verrou à enclenchement élastique. Le verrou est muni d'un loquet d'extrémité destiné à coopérer avec une butée d'encliquetage correspondante du cadre, le loquet et sa butée associée comportant chacun deux surfaces inclinées formant came active dans le sens d'ouverture et de fermeture du tampon.Document is known EP-A-533,533 a locking padlock floor that includes a hinge connecting the pad and the frame. The pad and the frame further include a snap lock. The latch is provided with an end latch intended to cooperate with a corresponding latching stop of the frame, the latch and its associated abutment each having two inclined surfaces forming a cam active in the opening and closing direction of the buffer.

Le regard de chaussée connu comporte en outre des moyens de reprise des efforts horizontaux sous forme de deux butées 22 qui font horizontalement saillie du voile du tampon et qui sont destinées à limiter le déplacement du tampon dans le cadre exclusivement dans le sens horizontal.The known manhole also comprises means for taking up the horizontal forces in the form of two stops 22 which project horizontally from the web of the buffer and which are intended to limit the displacement of the buffer in the frame exclusively in the horizontal direction.

L'invention a pour but de perfectionner le regard de chaussée cité et de proposer un dispositif de fermeture qui, lorsque l'élément de recouvrement est verrouillé sur son cadre support, optimise avec des moyens simples la stabilité de l'élément de recouvrement dans le sens horizontal et vertical, l'élément de recouvrement pouvant être un tampon ou une grille.The object of the invention is to improve the cited manhole and to propose a closure device which, when the covering element is locked on its support frame, optimizes with simple means the stability of the covering element in the horizontal and vertical direction, the covering element can be a buffer or a grid.

A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet un dispositif du type indiqué, caractérisé en ce que les surfaces de butée de l'élément de recouvrement et du cadre sont inclinées par rapport au plan de cadre d'un angle compris entre 30° et 80° et plaquent l'élément de recouvrement sur le cadre.For this purpose, the subject of the invention is a device of the type indicated, characterized in that the abutment surfaces of the covering element and of the frame are inclined with respect to the frame plane by an angle of between 30.degree. 80 ° and place the covering element on the frame.

Selon des modes particuliers de réalisation, le dispositif de fermeture peut comporter l'une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes :

  • le dispositif comprend un second verrou muni d'une seconde surface de verrouillage solidaire de l'élément de recouvrement et d'une seconde surface de verrouillage solidaire du cadre, ces deux secondes surfaces de verrouillage étant inclinées par rapport au plan de cadre et coopérant lorsque l'élément de recouvrement est en position de fermeture sur le cadre, le premier verrou étant décalé circonférentiellement du second verrou et de la butée par rapport à l'axe central ;
  • le ou chaque verrou est décalé circonférentiellement de la butée par rapport à l'axe central d'au moins 90° ;
  • le ou chaque verrou comprend un organe élastique muni d'une des surfaces de verrouillage, et l'organe élastique permet de déplacer la surface de verrouillage associée entre des positions de verrouillage de l'élément de recouvrement dans le cadre et de déverrouillage de l'élément de recouvrement ;
  • le ou chaque organe élastique sollicite, lorsque l'élément de recouvrement est en position de fermeture, la ou chaque surface de verrouillage de l'élément de recouvrement contre la ou chaque surface de verrouillage correspondante du cadre et la surface du butée de l'élément de recouvrement contre la surface de butée correspondante du cadre ;
  • le ou chaque organe élastique est un bras élastique circonférentiel, la surface de verrouillage associée étant disposée sur une extrémité libre de ce bras, l'autre extrémité de ce bras étant fixée à l'élément de recouvrement ;
  • les bras élastiques s'étendent dans des sens circonférentiels opposés ;
  • le dispositif de fermeture comprend des moyens de limitation du déplacement de la surface de verrouillage située sur l'organe élastique, et ce dans le sens du déplacement vers la position de déverrouillage de l'élément de recouvrement ;
  • la charnière comporte un charnon de cadre et un charnon d'élément de recouvrement, et la butée est formée par au moins une saillie solidaire du charnon de l'élément de recouvrement et d'une surface coopérante solidaire du charnon de cadre ; et
  • le dispositif de fermeture est un regard de chaussée.
According to particular embodiments, the closure device may comprise one or more of the following features:
  • the device comprises a second latch provided with a second locking surface secured to the covering element and a second locking surface secured to the frame, these two locking surfaces being inclined with respect to the frame plane and cooperating when the cover member is in the closed position on the frame, the first latch being circumferentially offset from the second latch and the stop relative to the central axis;
  • the or each latch is circumferentially offset from the stop relative to the central axis by at least 90 °;
  • the or each latch comprises a resilient member provided with one of the locking surfaces, and the resilient member moves the associated latching surface between latching positions of the latch member in the frame and unlocking the latch member; covering element;
  • the or each resilient member urges, when the cover member is in the closed position, the or each locking surface of the covering element against the or each corresponding locking surface of the frame and the surface of the abutment of the element covering against the corresponding abutment surface of the frame;
  • the or each elastic member is a circumferential elastic arm, the associated locking surface being disposed on a free end of this arm, the other end of this arm being fixed to the cover member;
  • the resilient arms extend in opposite circumferential directions;
  • the closure device comprises means for limiting the displacement of the locking surface situated on the elastic member, and in the direction of movement towards the unlocking position of the covering element;
  • the hinge comprises a frame knuckle and a knuckle of covering element, and the stop is formed by at least one projection secured to the knuckle of the covering element and a cooperating surface secured to the frame knuckle; and
  • the closing device is a manhole.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui va suivre, donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple et faite en se référant aux dessins annexés, sur lesquels:

  • la figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'un cadre d'un regard de chaussée selon l'invention ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue en perspective de dessous d'un tampon d'un regard de chaussée selon l'invention ;
  • la figure 3 est une vue en coupe selon le plan III-III des figures 1 et 2, du regard de chaussée lorsque le tampon est en position de fermeture sur le cadre ;
  • les figures 3A et 3B sont des détails agrandis IIIA-IIIB de la figure 3 ; et
  • la figure 3C montre le détail IIIB à l'état déverrouillé du tampon.
The invention will be better understood on reading the description which follows, given solely by way of example and with reference to the appended drawings, in which:
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of a frame of a manhole according to the invention;
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view from below of a buffer of a manhole according to the invention;
  • Figure 3 is a sectional view along the plane III-III of Figures 1 and 2, the manhole when the buffer is in the closed position on the frame;
  • Figs. 3A and 3B are enlarged details IIIA-IIIB of Fig. 3; and
  • Figure 3C shows the detail IIIB in the unlocked state of the buffer.

Dans ce qui suit, l'invention sera expliquée en référence à un regard de chaussée. De manière générale, elle s'applique à tout dispositif de fermeture muni d'un cadre et d'un tampon ou d'une grille formant élément de recouvrement.In what follows, the invention will be explained with reference to a manhole. Generally, it applies to any closure device provided with a frame and a buffer or grid forming a covering element.

Sur la figure 3 est représenté un regard de chaussée selon l'invention, désigné par la référence générale 2.In Figure 3 is shown a manhole according to the invention, designated by the general reference 2.

Le regard de chaussée 2 comprend un cadre fixe 4 et un tampon obturateur 6. Le regard de chaussée 2 est en outre muni d'une garniture d'insonorisation 8 en forme d'anneau, réalisée en matière plastique.The manhole 2 comprises a fixed frame 4 and a blanking plug 6. The manhole 2 is further provided with a soundproofing lining 8 in the form of a ring, made of plastic material.

Le cadre fixe 4 est une pièce moulée en fonte ductile. Comme ceci est visible sur la figure 1, il a une forme générale d'anneau ayant un axe central X-X. Il définit un plan de cadre P-P. A l'état monté du regard, l'axe central X-X s'étend verticalement et le plan de cadre P-P s'étend horizontalement et affleure la surface de la chaussée.The fixed frame 4 is a cast piece of ductile iron. As can be seen in FIG. 1, it has a general ring shape having a central axis X-X. It defines a P-P framework plan. In the mounted state of vision, the central axis X-X extends vertically and the P-P frame plane extends horizontally and is flush with the surface of the roadway.

Dans ce qui suit, sauf indication contraire, les expressions « circonférentiellement » et « radialement » seront utilisées par rapport à l'axe central X-X.In what follows, unless otherwise indicated, the terms "circumferentially" and "radially" will be used with respect to the central axis X-X.

Le tampon 6, qui est illustré sur la figure 2, est moulé d'une seule pièce en fonte ductile et comprend essentiellement un voile supérieur plan 10 sous lequel font saillie des nervures de rigidification 12. Le voile 10 a une forme circulaire d'axe Y-Y, qui, lorsque le tampon est en position de fermeture, coïncide avec l'axe central X-X.The tampon 6, which is illustrated in FIG. 2, is molded in one piece of ductile iron and essentially comprises a plane upper web 10 under which stiffening ribs 12 project. The web 10 has a circular shape of axis YY, which, when the buffer is in the closed position, coincides with the central axis XX.

Le tampon 6 est articulé au cadre fixe 4 par une charnière 14 autorisant la rotation du tampon entre une position d'ouverture et une position de fermeture autour d'un axe de charnière Z-Z. La charnière 14 est munie d'un charnon de cadre 16, comprenant deux évidements 18 ouverts vers le haut à l'état monté, et d'un charnon de tampon 20 comprenant deux pattes d'articulation 22 s'étendant sensiblement radialement par rapport à l'axe central Y-Y du tampon. Les évidements 18 et les pattes 22 ont des surfaces de charnière coopérantes en forme de segment de cylindre à section circulaire d'axe Z-Z.The buffer 6 is hinged to the fixed frame 4 by a hinge 14 allowing the rotation of the buffer between an open position and a closed position about a hinge axis ZZ. The hinge 14 is provided with a frame hinge 16, comprising two recesses 18 open upwards in the mounted state, and a buffer knuckle 20 comprising two hinge lugs 22 extending substantially radially with respect to the central axis YY of the buffer. The recesses 18 and the tabs 22 have cooperating hinge surfaces in the form of a cylindrical segment with a circular cross section of ZZ axis.

Le tampon 6 présente en outre, à l'opposé de la charnière 14, un organe de manoeuvre 26 pour le déverrouillage et l'ouverture du tampon 6. Lorsque le tampon 6 est en position de fermeture, cet organe de manoeuvre 26 est reçu dans un évidement 28 du cadre situé à l'opposé de la charnière 14.The pad 6 further has, opposite the hinge 14, an operating member 26 for unlocking and opening the pad 6. When the pad 6 is in the closed position, this operating member 26 is received in a recess 28 of the frame located opposite the hinge 14.

Le regard de chaussée 2 est en outre muni de deux verrous 30, dont un est visible sur la figure 3. Chaque verrou 30 comporte une surface de verrouillage 32 solidaire du cadre fixe 4 et une surface de verrouillage 34 solidaire du tampon 6. Ces surfaces de verrouillage 32, 34 sont dirigées l'une vers l'autre et inclinées par rapport au plan de cadre P-P d'un angle α, qui est compris strictement entre 0° et 60°, et qui est de préférence compris entre 30 et 45°.The manhole 2 is further provided with two latches 30, one of which is visible in FIG. 3. Each latch 30 comprises a locking surface 32 integral with the fixed frame 4 and a locking surface 34 secured to the pad 6. These surfaces 32, 34 are directed toward each other and inclined relative to the frame plane PP an angle α, which is strictly between 0 ° and 60 °, and which is preferably between 30 and 45 °.

Comme ceci est particulièrement visible sur les figures 1 et 2, chaque verrou 30 est décalé circonférentiellement de la charnière 14 d'un angle θ qui est d'au moins 90°. En l'occurrence, l'angle θ est sensiblement de 120°, les verrous 30 étant ainsi décalés circonférentiellement l'un de l'autre d'un angle de 120°.As this is particularly visible in Figures 1 and 2, each latch 30 is circumferentially offset from the hinge 14 by an angle θ which is at least 90 °. In this case, the angle θ is substantially 120 °, the latches 30 are thus circumferentially offset from each other by an angle of 120 °.

Chaque verrou 30 comprend un bras élastique circonférentiel 40, élastiquement déformable grâce aux propriétés mécaniques de la fonte ductile dont il est constitué. Le bras élastique 40 a une extrémité circonférentielle fixe 42 qui est solidaire d'une des nervures de rigidification 12 du tampon, tandis que son autre extrémité 44 est libre et porte la surface de verrouillage 34. Par déformation élastique du bras 40, l'extrémité libre 44 est radialement mobile entre une position de verrouillage du tampon 6 dans le cadre 4, visible sur les Figures 3 et 3B , et une position de déverrouillage du tampon 6 dans le cadre 4, visible sur la figure 3C. On voit que dans la position de déverrouillage, la surface de verrouillage 34 du tampon est radialement entièrement dégagée de la surface de verrouillage 32 du cadre et permet ainsi un basculement du tampon 6 dans le sens de l'ouverture.Each latch 30 comprises a circumferential elastic arm 40, elastically deformable due to the mechanical properties of the ductile iron of which it is made. The elastic arm 40 has one end circumferential fixed 42 which is integral with one of the stiffening ribs 12 of the buffer, while its other end 44 is free and carries the locking surface 34. By elastic deformation of the arm 40, the free end 44 is radially movable between a buffer lock position 6 in the frame 4, visible in Figures 3 and 3B, and an unlocking position of the buffer 6 in the frame 4, visible in Figure 3C. It can be seen that in the unlocking position, the locking surface 34 of the pad is radially completely disengaged from the locking surface 32 of the frame and thus allows the pad 6 to tilt in the direction of opening.

Comme ceci est visible sur la figure 2, les deux bras élastiques 40 s'étendent selon des sens circonférentiels opposés. De plus, étant décalés l'un de l'autre de 120° environ, les deux bras 40 forment ainsi des moyens ergonomiques de préhension du tampon 6 en vue de son extraction du cadre ou de son transport.As can be seen in FIG. 2, the two elastic arms 40 extend in opposite circumferential directions. In addition, being offset from each other by about 120 °, the two arms 40 thus form ergonomic means for gripping the pad 6 to extract the frame or its transport.

Par ailleurs, le tampon 6 comporte des moyens 46 de limitation de déplacement de l'extrémité libre 44, et donc de la surface de verrouillage 34, dans le sens du déplacement vers la position de déverrouillage. Ainsi, les bras 40 ne peuvent pas être déformés d'une manière exagérée.Furthermore, the buffer 6 comprises means 46 for limiting the displacement of the free end 44, and therefore of the locking surface 34, in the direction of movement towards the unlocking position. Thus, the arms 40 can not be deformed in an exaggerated manner.

Le cadre fixe 4 et le tampon 6 ont en outre une butée 50 adaptée pour limiter le déplacement du tampon 6 dans le cadre selon le plan de cadre P-P. La butée 50 est en outre adaptée pour s'opposer à une translation du tampon 6 selon l'axe central X-X lorsque le tampon est en position de fermeture sur le cadre.The fixed frame 4 and the pad 6 further have a stop 50 adapted to limit the displacement of the pad 6 in the frame according to the PP frame plane. The stop 50 is further adapted to oppose a translation of the buffer 6 along the central axis XX when the buffer is in the closed position on the frame.

A cet effet, la butée 50 comporte une surface de butée 52 disposée sur une saillie 54 de chaque patte d'articulation 22. Cette surface de butée 52 coopère, lorsque le tampon est verrouillé sur le cadre, avec une surface de butée complémentaire 56 disposée dans chaque évidement 18 du cadre 4. Les deux surfaces de butée 52, 56 sont inclinées par rapport au plan de cadre P-P d'un angle γ, qui est compris entre 30° et 80° environ.For this purpose, the stop 50 comprises an abutment surface 52 disposed on a projection 54 of each hinge lug 22. This abutment surface 52 cooperates, when the buffer is locked on the frame, with a complementary abutment surface 56 arranged in each recess 18 of the frame 4. The two abutment surfaces 52, 56 are inclined relative to the frame plane PP by an angle γ, which is between 30 ° and 80 ° approximately.

On conçoit alors que, en position de fermeture du tampon sur le cadre, les normales aux surfaces de butée 56 et aux surfaces de verrouillage 32 du cadre 4 sont dirigées vers l'axe central X-X, tandis que les normales aux surfaces de verrouillage 34 et aux surfaces de butée 52 du tampon 6 sont dirigées à l'opposé de l'axe central X-X.It will be appreciated that, in the closed position of the pad on the frame, the normals at the abutment surfaces 56 and the locking surfaces 32 of the frame 4 are directed towards the central axis XX, while the normals at the locking surfaces 34 and the abutment surfaces 52 of the buffer 6 are directed away from the central axis XX.

En position de verrouillage du tampon sur le cadre, les surfaces de butée 52 et les surfaces de verrouillage 34 du tampon 6 sont simultanément en contact avec les surfaces correspondantes de butée 56 et de verrouillage 32 du cadre 4. De préférence, les dimensions du tampon 6 et du cadre 4 sont telles que les bras élastiques 40 sollicitent élastiquement les surfaces de verrouillage 34 du tampon contre les surfaces de verrouillage 32 correspondantes du cadre, ainsi que les surfaces de butée 52 du tampon contre les surfaces correspondantes de butée 56 du cadre.In the buffer lock position on the frame, the stop surfaces 52 and the locking surfaces 34 of the pad 6 are simultaneously in contact with the corresponding abutment 56 and locking 32 surfaces of the frame 4. Preferably, the dimensions of the pad 6 and the frame 4 are such that the elastic arms 40 resiliently bias the locking surfaces 34 of the buffer against the corresponding locking surfaces 32 of the frame, as well as the abutment surfaces 52 of the buffer against the corresponding abutment surfaces 56 of the frame.

Le contact entre les surfaces de butée 52, 56 génère ainsi une réaction d'appui qui est perpendiculaire à ces surfaces inclinées et qui s'oppose aux deux réactions normales engendrées par le contact des deux surfaces de verrouillage 34 du tampon avec les surfaces de verrouillage 32 correspondantes du cadre.The contact between the abutment surfaces 52, 56 thus generates a bearing reaction which is perpendicular to these inclined surfaces and which opposes the two normal reactions generated by the contact of the two surfaces of the abutment. locking 34 of the buffer with the corresponding locking surfaces 32 of the frame.

On aboutit ainsi à un équilibre de forces en trois points, à savoir au niveau des deux verrous 30 et à l'opposé au niveau de la charnière par l'intermédiaire de la butée 50, qui garantit la stabilité du tampon 6 non seulement dans le plan de cadre P-P, mais également dans la direction selon l'axe central X-X. En effet, l'équilibre des composantes horizontales des réactions d'appui au niveau des deux verrous 30 et de la butée 50 permet au tampon 6 de maintenir sa position dans le plan de cadre par exemple en cas de freinage d'un véhicule sur la face supérieure du tampon 6, tandis que les composantes selon l'axe central X-X de ces réactions permettent de plaquer le tampon 6 sur le cadre 4 et garantissent de ce fait sa stabilité verticale.This results in a balance of forces at three points, namely at the two locks 30 and opposite to the hinge via the stop 50, which ensures the stability of the buffer 6 not only in the plane of PP frame, but also in the direction along the central axis XX. Indeed, the equilibrium of the horizontal components of the support reactions at the two locks 30 and the abutment 50 allows the buffer 6 to maintain its position in the frame plane, for example when braking a vehicle on the upper face of the buffer 6, while the components along the central axis XX of these reactions can press the pad 6 on the frame 4 and thus ensure its vertical stability.

En outre, le regard de chaussée 2 comporte des surfaces d'encliquetage 60, 62 disposées d'une part sur chacun des bras élastiques 40 et d'autre part sur le cadre 4 et adaptées pour coopérer ensemble de manière à amener automatiquement chaque bras 40, par déformation élastique, dans sa position de verrouillage lors de la fermeture du tampon. A cet effet, les surfaces d'encliquetage 60, 62 présentent une inclinaison commune supérieure à 0° et inférieure ou égale à 45° par rapport à l'axe central X-X, formant ainsi des cames actives dans le sens de fermeture du tampon.In addition, the manhole 2 comprises snap-on surfaces 60, 62 arranged on the one hand on each of the elastic arms 40 and on the other hand on the frame 4 and adapted to cooperate together so as to automatically bring each arm 40 , by elastic deformation, in its locking position during the closure of the buffer. For this purpose, the latching surfaces 60, 62 have a common inclination greater than 0 ° and less than or equal to 45 ° with respect to the central axis X-X, thus forming active cams in the closing direction of the buffer.

On notera par ailleurs que, de façon connue en soi du brevet EP 0 391 825 , le fond du boîtier d'articulation du cadre est muni d'un orifice 64 (Figure 1) autorisant le passage des pattes 22 d'articulation du tampon lorsque celui-ci est dans une position d'ouverture à 90° par rapport à sa position de fermeture, permettant ainsi de sécuriser le tampon dans cette position d'ouverture à 90° pour en empêcher toute fermeture intempestive en cas par exemple d'inspection du regard de chaussée par un opérateur.It should also be noted that, in a manner known per se from the patent EP 0 391 825 , the bottom of the hinge box of the frame is provided with an orifice 64 (Figure 1) allowing the passage of the hinge tabs 22 of the buffer when it is in a position of opening at 90 ° with respect to its closed position, thus making it possible to secure the buffer in this open 90 ° position in order to prevent any inadvertent closing in the case of, for example, inspection of the pavement look by an operator.

En plaçant une barre à mine sous l'organe de manoeuvre 26 et en basculant celle-ci vers l'extérieur en prenant appui sur le bord extérieur de l'évidement 28 du cadre, on obtient dans un premier temps le déverrouillage des deux verrous 30, et ce sans agir directement sur les bras élastiques 40, empêchant ainsi toute détérioration ou destruction des bras élastiques 40 qui pourrait résulter d'une déformation exagérée en cas d'action directe sur ceux-ci. Il suffit ensuite d'insérer un outil approprié dans l'organe de manoeuvre 26 et de faire pivoter le tampon 6 dans le sens de l'ouverture pour ouvrir celui-ci complètement.By placing a bar under the operating member 26 and swinging it outwardly by bearing on the outer edge of the recess 28 of the frame, the unlocking of the two latches 30 is first obtained. without acting directly on the elastic arms 40, thus preventing any deterioration or destruction of the elastic arms 40 which could result from excessive deformation in case of direct action on them. Then simply insert a suitable tool in the actuator 26 and rotate the buffer 6 in the opening direction to open it completely.

De plus, d'une manière générale, le cadre 4 délimite une ouverture d'accès qui s'étend parallèlement au plan de cadre P-P et qui est adaptée pour être fermée par l'élément de recouvrement 6. Aussi, l'axe central X-X s'étend perpendiculairement au plan de cadre P-P.In addition, in general, the frame 4 defines an access opening which extends parallel to the PP frame plane and which is adapted to be closed by the covering element 6. Also, the central axis XX extends perpendicularly to the PP frame plane.

Claims (10)

Dispositif de fermeture (2), notamment regard de chaussée, du type comprenant un cadre fixe (4) et un élément de recouvrement (6) supporté par le cadre (4), le cadre (4) définissant un plan de cadre (P-P) et un axe central (X-X), l'élément de recouvrement (6) étant articulé au cadre (4) par une charnière (14), le dispositif (2) comprenant un premier verrou (30) muni d'une première surface de verrouillage (34) solidaire de l'élément de recouvrement (6) et d'une première surface de verrouillage (32) solidaire du cadre (4), ces deux premières surfaces de verrouillage (32, 34) étant inclinées par rapport au plan de cadre (P-P) et coopérant lorsque l'élément de recouvrement est en position de fermeture sur le cadre, l'élément de recouvrement (6) et le cadre (4) ayant une butée (50) décalée circonférentiellement du premier verrou (30) par rapport à l'axe central (X-X), la butée (50) comportant une surface de butée (52) solidaire de l'élément de recouvrement (6) et une surface de butée (56) solidaire du cadre (4), ces surfaces de butée (52, 56) coopérant exclusivement lorsque l'élément de recouvrement est en position de fermeture et limitant un déplacement de l'élément de recouvrement (6) dans le cadre (4) selon le plan de cadre (P-P), caractérisé en ce que les surfaces de butée (52, 56) de l'élément de recouvrement (6) et du cadre (4) sont inclinées par rapport au plan de cadre (P-P) d'un angle (γ) compris entre 30° et 80° et plaquent l'élément de recouvrement (6) sur le cadre (4).Closure device (2), in particular a manhole, of the type comprising a fixed frame (4) and a covering element (6) supported by the frame (4), the frame (4) defining a frame plane (PP) and a central axis (XX), the covering element (6) being hinged to the frame (4) by a hinge (14), the device (2) comprising a first latch (30) provided with a first locking surface (34) secured to the cover member (6) and a first locking surface (32) integral with the frame (4), these two first locking surfaces (32, 34) being inclined with respect to the frame plane (PP) and cooperating when the cover member is in the closed position on the frame, the cover member (6) and the frame (4) having a stop (50) circumferentially offset from the first lock (30) relative to at the central axis (XX), the abutment (50) having an abutment surface (52) integral with the covering element (6) and an abutment surface (56) integral with the frame (4), these abutment surfaces (52, 56) cooperating exclusively when the covering element is in the closed position and limiting a displacement of the covering element (6) in the frame (4) according to the frame plane (PP), characterized in that the abutment surfaces (52, 56) of the covering element (6) and the frame (4) are inclined with respect to the frame plane (PP) of an angle (γ) between 30 ° and 80 ° and plate the covering element (6) on the frame (4). Dispositif de fermeture selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif (2) comprend un second verrou (30) muni d'une seconde surface de verrouillage (34) solidaire de l'élément de recouvrement (6) et d'une seconde surface de verrouillage (32) solidaire du cadre (4), ces deux secondes surfaces de verrouillage (32, 34) étant inclinées par rapport au plan de cadre (P-P) et coopérant lorsque l'élément de recouvrement est en position de fermeture sur le cadre, le premier verrou (30) étant décalé circonférentiellement du second verrou (30) et de la butée (50) par rapport à l'axe central (X-X).Closing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the device (2) comprises a second latch (30) provided with a second locking surface (34) secured to the covering element (6) and a second locking surface (32) integral with the frame (4), these two second locking surfaces (32, 34) being inclined relative to the frame plane (PP) and cooperating when the cover member is in the closed position on the frame, the first latch (30) being circumferentially offset from the second latch (30) and the abutment (50) relative to the central axis (XX). Dispositif de fermeture selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le ou chaque verrou (30) est décalé circonférentiellement de la butée (50) par rapport à l'axe central (X-X) d'au moins 90°.Closing device according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the or each latch (30) is circumferentially offset from the abutment (50) relative to the central axis (XX) by at least 90 °. Dispositif de fermeture selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le ou chaque verrou (30) comprend un organe élastique (40) muni d'une des surfaces de verrouillage (34), et en ce que l'organe élastique (40) permet de déplacer la surface de verrouillage associée (34) entre des positions de verrouillage de l'élément de recouvrement (6) dans le cadre (4) et de déverrouillage de l'élément de recouvrement (6).Closing device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the or each latch (30) comprises an elastic member (40) provided with one of the locking surfaces (34), and in that the elastic member (40) is used to move the associated locking surface (34) between locking positions of the cover member (6) in the frame (4) and unlocking the cover member (6). Dispositif de fermeture selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que le ou chaque organe élastique (40) sollicite, lorsque l'élément de recouvrement est en position de fermeture, la ou chaque surface de verrouillage (34) de l'élément de recouvrement (6) contre la ou chaque surface de verrouillage (32) correspondante du cadre (4) et la surface de butée (52) de l'élément de recouvrement (6) contre la surface de butée (56) correspondante du cadre.Closing device according to claim 4, characterized in that the or each resilient member (40) urges, when the cover member is in the closed position, the or each locking surface (34) of the cover member ( 6) against the or each corresponding locking surface (32) of the frame (4) and the abutment surface (52) of the covering (6) against the corresponding abutment surface (56) of the frame. Dispositif de fermeture selon la revendication 4 ou 5, caractérisé en ce que le ou chaque organe élastique est un bras élastique (40) circonférentiel, la surface de verrouillage (34) associée étant disposée sur une extrémité libre (44) de ce bras (40), l'autre extrémité (42) de ce bras étant fixée à l'élément de recouvrement (6).Closing device according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the or each elastic member is a circumferential elastic arm (40), the associated locking surface (34) being disposed on a free end (44) of this arm (40). ), the other end (42) of this arm being fixed to the covering element (6). Dispositif de fermeture selon la revendication 6 et la revendication 2 prises ensemble, caractérisé en ce que les bras élastiques (40) s'étendent dans des sens circonférentiels opposésClosing device according to claim 6 and claim 2 taken together, characterized in that the resilient arms (40) extend in opposite circumferential directions Dispositif de fermeture selon l'une quelconque des revendications 4 à 7, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend des moyens (46) de limitation du déplacement de la surface de verrouillage (34) située sur l'organe élastique (40), et ce dans le sens du déplacement vers la position de déverrouillage de l'élément de recouvrement (6).Closing device according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that it comprises means (46) for limiting the displacement of the locking surface (34) situated on the elastic member (40), and this in the direction of movement to the unlocking position of the cover member (6). Dispositif de fermeture selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que la charnière (14) comporte un charnon (16) de cadre et un charnon (20) d'élément de recouvrement, et en ce que la butée (50) est formée par au moins une saillie (54) solidaire du charnon (20) de l'élément de recouvrement et d'une surface coopérante (56) solidaire du charnon (16)de cadre.Closing device according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the hinge (14) has a frame knuckle (16) and a covering element knuckle (20), and that the stop ( 50) is formed by at least one projection (54) integral with the knuckle (20) of the covering element and a cooperating surface (56) integral with the knuckle (16) frame. Dispositif de fermeture selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce qu'il est un regard de chaussée.Closing device according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it is a road surface.
EP07290231A 2006-02-28 2007-02-22 Locking device Active EP1826321B1 (en)

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PL07290231T PL1826321T3 (en) 2006-02-28 2007-02-22 Locking device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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FR0601799A FR2897880B1 (en) 2006-02-28 2006-02-28 CLOSURE DEVICE.

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EP (1) EP1826321B1 (en)
CN (1) CN101029492B (en)
AT (1) ATE449217T1 (en)
DE (1) DE602007003242D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2335052T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2897880B1 (en)
NO (1) NO340103B1 (en)
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Also Published As

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PT1826321E (en) 2010-01-19
EP1826321B1 (en) 2009-11-18
CN101029492B (en) 2010-07-07
PL1826321T3 (en) 2010-04-30
US7160051B1 (en) 2007-01-09
FR2897880B1 (en) 2009-11-06
ATE449217T1 (en) 2009-12-15
ES2335052T3 (en) 2010-03-18
NO20071103L (en) 2007-08-29
NO340103B1 (en) 2017-03-13
DE602007003242D1 (en) 2009-12-31
CN101029492A (en) 2007-09-05
FR2897880A1 (en) 2007-08-31

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