EP1819453A1 - Procede pour enduire un support en utilisant un renforçateur pour peinture et procede pour coller des pieces enduites - Google Patents

Procede pour enduire un support en utilisant un renforçateur pour peinture et procede pour coller des pieces enduites

Info

Publication number
EP1819453A1
EP1819453A1 EP05817938A EP05817938A EP1819453A1 EP 1819453 A1 EP1819453 A1 EP 1819453A1 EP 05817938 A EP05817938 A EP 05817938A EP 05817938 A EP05817938 A EP 05817938A EP 1819453 A1 EP1819453 A1 EP 1819453A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
paint
enhancer
lacquer
layer
layers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP05817938A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Michael Hilt
Gunter Kranz
Stefan Lotz
Josef Michel
Norman Blank
Urs Burckhardt
Peter Gimmnich
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sika Technology AG
Mercedes Benz Group AG
Original Assignee
Sika Technology AG
DaimlerChrysler AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sika Technology AG, DaimlerChrysler AG filed Critical Sika Technology AG
Publication of EP1819453A1 publication Critical patent/EP1819453A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/50—Multilayers
    • B05D7/52—Two layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/10—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by other chemical means
    • B05D3/107—Post-treatment of applied coatings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/50—Multilayers
    • B05D7/56—Three layers or more
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
    • Y10T156/10—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for coating a substrate having the features of the preamble of claim 1, a suitably coated substrate according to claim 12, a method for firmly connecting two parts with the features of the preamble of claim 13, a connection between two parts with the Features of the preamble of claim 25, a use of mixtures of crosslinkable organic compounds having the features of the preamble of claim 27 and a multi-layer paint layer having the features of the preamble of claim 34.
  • the invention can be used, for example, in the vehicle industry in the painting of components such about the body or body parts, and when gluing on such coated components are used commercially. It is explained below for reasons of simplicity in the above example.
  • New modular design concepts of vehicles increasingly involve the joining of already preformed components or modules. For reasons of cost, it is desirable to make the individual modules available as ready for use as possible. As a result, learns in particular the Bonding as a joining technique for components or modules from pre-coated or pre-painted or pre-painted substrates is of greater importance. Particularly interesting is the processing of completely pre-painted sheets in modular design.
  • cathodic dip coating refers to a coating applied by means of cathodic dip-coating
  • the varnish is generally a thermosetting system, but UV-curable systems are also possible
  • a varnish layer which does not form the uppermost varnish layer of a varnish system in the context of the present invention called “intermediate lacquer layer”.
  • the uppermost lacquer layer is called “topcoat layer”.
  • Substrate / primer layer / lacquer film carrier film with basecoat and clearcoat
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for coating, with which a coated with a paint system substrate can be obtained in a simple manner, which has at least partially improved mechanical strength, so in this area in a simple manner, for example Bonding with improved mechanical strength can be generated.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a substrate coated with a more mechanically stable paint system.
  • Yet another object of the invention is to provide mechanically more stable splices (without interfering with the paint formulation) and to demonstrate suitable simple and inexpensive methods for this purpose.
  • a first subject of the present invention is a process for coating a substrate with a lacquer system, wherein the lacquer system comprises at least two lacquer layers, which are applied successively to the substrate.
  • the lacquer system comprises at least two lacquer layers, which are applied successively to the substrate.
  • a means for reinforcing at least one of the lacquer layers of the lacquer system is applied.
  • substrate is understood in the context of the present invention to include not only substrates in the conventional sense, but also conventional substrates with corrosion protection layers and / or cathodic electrocoating layers applied thereto.
  • a "means for reinforcing a lacquer layer is understood to mean a means which subsequently increases the mechanical strength of an applied lacquer layer by further chemical hardening
  • Chemical curing can be achieved by the paint enhancer acting as a crosslinking agent and covalently and / or non-covalently linking or crosslinking macromolecules of the partially cured or fully cured paint binder after penetration or penetration into the paint.
  • the reinforcement or further chemical curing can also be achieved by the paint amplifier after penetration or penetration into the paint a network already interpenetrating the existing macromolecule network of partially or fully cured paint binder (also known as
  • Paint enhancers which act in the manner of a crosslinking agent are preferred.
  • the term "paint enhancer” is also understood to mean paint compacting agents in the context of the present invention.
  • the paint enhancer is preferably a reactive chemical compound or a combination of two or more reactive chemical compounds.
  • the paint enhancer can be one-component or contain several components, which will be discussed in more detail later.
  • the method according to the invention makes it possible to coat a substrate in a simple manner with a coating system which has improved mechanical strength at least in regions (in the application of the paint enhancer), without the composition of the paints of the different paint coats being used having to be complicatedly changed or adapted ,
  • Such paint systems produced in a simple manner are particularly suitable for areas which are provided as splices. Adhesions to such splices have, inter alia, an improved Crash resistance or improved crash behavior.
  • Hardened coating systems produced according to the invention usually do not need to be further prepared for bonding, but regardless of this, they can be primed, for example, in the region of the uppermost layer.
  • the process according to the invention can be further developed by using a paint enhancer which contains at least one crosslinkable chemical compound which penetrates at least one of the lacquer layers and which effects the reinforcement of the lacquer layer into which it penetrates or penetrates.
  • a paint enhancer which contains at least one crosslinkable chemical compound which penetrates at least one of the lacquer layers and which effects the reinforcement of the lacquer layer into which it penetrates or penetrates. Since the use of several crosslinkable chemical compounds whose diffusion coefficients must be coordinated, it is advantageous if the paint amplifier contains only such a crosslinkable chemical compound and is in particular one-component. It is preferred if the crosslinkable chemical compound used penetrates all paint layers to the cathodic electrode and thereby penetrates at least one lacquer layer (in particular the lacquer layer with the lowest mechanical strength), or the crosslinkable chemical compound penetrates even all lacquer layers. As a result, the mechanical strength of the paint system can be further improved.
  • the diffusion coefficient of a chemical compound via the second Fick's law in conjunction with Einstein's relation u. a. depends on the geometric shape of the molecules of the chemical compound and thus - in a rough approximation - on their molecular weight.
  • the molecular weight of suitable crosslinkable chemical compounds is preferably in the range of 500 g / mol or below.
  • the paint enhancer When the paint enhancer is applied to a varnish layer in the partially dried state, it is also possible to use molecules of higher molecular weight, since then the diffusion can take place in the still liquid state, or at least in the uncrosslinked state of the varnish layer, which facilitates and accelerates the penetration of the paint enhancer.
  • the at least one crosslinkable chemical compound of the paint enhancer which is used is an organic compound capable of undergoing a polyreaction.
  • a polyreaction can be a polymerization, a polyaddition or a polycondensation.
  • the use of such chemical compounds has the advantage that they have a large structural diversity and, for example, by varying their functional or. reactive groups can be easily adapted to the specific requirements of their use in a simple manner.
  • crosslinkable chemical compounds having at least two crosslinkable groups are suitable if the crosslinkable chemical compound acts, or should, act in the manner of a crosslinker, or with at least one crosslinkable group if the crosslinkable chemical compound forms an interpenetrating network or should form, ie crosslinked with itself, e.g. (Meth) acrylates, cyanoacrylates, alkoxysilanes or polyfunctional isocyanates (in the event that no reactive double bonds are present in the paint binder).
  • crosslinkable groups examples include ethylenically unsaturated groups such as acrylate groups, methacrylate groups, cyanoacrylate groups, isocyanate groups or carbodiimide groups, further blocked isocyanate groups, hydrazide groups, methylol groups, epoxide groups or alkoxysilyl groups, as well as similar addition-reaction groups or combinations of such groups.
  • crosslinkable chemical compounds usually carry two or more of the aforementioned crosslinkable groups in a molecule, wherein they can carry a number of identical and / or different crosslinkable groups in a molecule.
  • tetrahydrofurfuryl-2- (meth) acrylate is referred to as a monofunctional (meth) acrylate
  • dipropylene glycol diacrylate and trimethylpropane triacrylate are referred to, for example, as polyfunctional acrylates.
  • crosslinkable organic compounds are selected from the following groups I) to VIII):
  • n 0 or 1
  • R 1 alkyl group having 1 to 5 C atoms, which optionally contains at least one ether oxygen, preferably methyl,
  • R 2 alkyl group having 1 to 8 C atoms, preferably methyl or
  • R 3 linear or branched, optionally cyclic
  • R 4 tmsubstituierter or substituted, optionally containing at least one heteroatom, hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
  • Preferred alkoxysilanes of the formula (1), or oligomers thereof, are vinylsilanes such as vinyltrimethoxysilane; Aminosilanes such as 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-aminopropyldimethoxymethylsilane, 3-amino-2-methylpropyltrimethoxysilane, 4-aminobutyltrimethoxysilane, 4-amino-3,3-dimethylbutyltrimethoxysilane, 4-amino-3,3- dimethylbutyldimethoxymethylsilane, aminomethyltrimethoxysilane, aminomethyldimethoxymethylsilane, N-methyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N-butyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N-butyl-3-aminopropyldimethoxymethylsilane, N-cyclohexyl-3-aminopropyl-
  • (trimethoxysilyl) -propyl) amine (trimethoxysilyl) -propyl) amine
  • Carbamatosilanes such as N- (3-trimethoxysilylpropyl) -O-methylcarbamate, N- (dirnethoxymethylsilylmethyl) -O-methylcarbamate or N- (trimethoxysilylmethyl) -O-methylcarbamate
  • Isocyanatosilanes such as 3-isocyanatopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-isocyanatopropyldimethoxymethylsilane, isocyanatomethyltrimethoxysilane or isocyanatomethyl-dimethoxymethylsilane
  • Trimers of isocyanurosilanes representing isocyanatosilanes such as tris
  • Mercaptosilanes such as 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane or 3-mercaptopropyl dimethoxymethylsilane;
  • Thiocarboxylatosilanes such as 3-octanoylthio-1-propyltrimethoxysilane;
  • Acrylic silanes such as 3-acryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane;
  • Methacrylsilanes such as 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-methacryloxypropyldimethoxymethylsilane, methacryloxymethyltrimethoxysilane, metacryloxymethyltriethoxysilane, methacryloxymethyldiethoxymethylsilane, methacryloxymethyltriethoxysilane or methacryloxypropyldimethoxymethylsilane;
  • Epoxysilanes such as 3-glycidyloxypropyl
  • alkoxysilanes are 3-isocyanatopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-isocyanatopropyltriethoxysilane, 3-mercatopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-mercatopropyltriethoxysilane, 3-octanoylthio-1-propyltriethoxysilane, 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, N-
  • the alkoxysilanes mentioned generally have a low viscosity and an advantageously high diffusion coefficient.
  • the moisture-induced crosslinking reaction proceeds particularly rapidly in the case of the ⁇ -alkoxysilanes (Wacker).
  • Acrylic or methacrylic silanes can be copolymerized, for example, as comonomers with (meth) acrylates of the coating system and, after hydrolysis of the alkoxy groups, additionally postcrosslinked by condensation.
  • Amino-silanes or mercapto-silanes may e.g. be reacted with not yet reacted isocyanate groups of paint components of a not yet cured paint layer or to modify isocyanate-containing low molecular paint amplifier additives, which in addition to the possibility of crosslinking via the isocyanate groups with the help of alkoxysilane in the presence of moisture is another possibility for post-crosslinking.
  • Isocyanatosilanes can e.g. form independent networks in the presence of moisture via their not yet reacted isocyanate and / or alkoxy groups. In the presence of primary or secondary amino groups or hydroxyl groups in the paint, these can be used for additional covalent crosslinking of the paint binder.
  • mono- or polyfunctional (meth) acrylates are preferred monofunctional (meth) acrylates.
  • Preferred monofunctional (meth) acrylates are tetrahydrofurfuryl-2- (meth) acrylate (THF (meth) acrylate) and isobornyl (meth) acrylate.
  • Preferred polyfunctional (meth) acrylates are dipropylene glycol diacrylate, tripropylene glycol diacrylate, tricyclodecanedimethanol diacrylate, ethoxylated bisphenol A diacrylate, ethoxylated bisphenol A dimethacrylate, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, trimethylpropane triacrylate, tris (2-hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate triacrylate, ethoxylated trimethylolpropane triacrylate, di-trimethylolpropane tetraacrylate, pentaerythritol tri- or tetraacrylate, Dipentaerythritol tetraacrylate, dipentaerythritol pentaacrylate.
  • mixtures of monofunctional and polyfunctional (meth) acrylates and mixtures of various polyfunctional (meth) acrylates are also preferred, in particular di (meth) acrylates (dipropylene glycol diacrylate, tripropylene glycol diacrylate and tricyclodecanedimethanol diacrylate) and tri (meth ) acrylates.
  • di (meth) acrylates dipropylene glycol diacrylate, tripropylene glycol diacrylate and tricyclodecanedimethanol diacrylate
  • tri (meth ) acrylates particularly suitable are those mixtures which cure thermally at the standard coating process temperatures (in the range 130-155 0 C) in the presence of atmospheric oxygen, particularly when applied to the intermediate coating layers having further low evaporation rates, and simultaneously cause high mechanical strengths.
  • mixtures of di (meth) acrylates and tri (meth) acrylates has the advantage, inter alia, that higher mechanical strengths can be achieved than with non-mixed (meth) acrylates.
  • Particular preference is given to mixtures of dipropylene glycol diacrylate / trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, tricyclodecanedimethanol diacrylate / trimethylolpropane triacrylate, tricyclodecanedimethanol diacrylate and ethoxylated (3) trimethylolpropane triacrylate.
  • polyisocyanates for example 1,6-hexane diisocyanate (HDI), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), dicyclohexylmethyl diisocyanate (H 1 2-MDI) or oligomers of these polyisocyanates, and blocked forms of these or other polyisocyanates, for example with methyl ethyl ketoxime, diethyl malonate, 3, 5-dimethylpyrazole or caprolactam blocked polyisocyanates, or self-crosslinking blocked polyisocyanates.
  • HDI 1,6-hexane diisocyanate
  • IPDI isophorone diisocyanate
  • H 1 2-MDI dicyclohexylmethyl diisocyanate
  • Blocked isocyanates have the advantage, among other things, that they can be applied in the presence of water and can be bound to unreacted functional groups of the lacquer binders (such as NH, OH) in order to effect a reinforcement of the lacquer.
  • Self-crosslinking blocked isocyanates have the additional advantage that the reaction partners are largely incorporated in the same molecule, and thus, in principle, the "optimal molar ratio" can be maintained over the entire diffusion depth.
  • Suitable blocked isocyanates are self-Bayhydrol ® VP LS 2153, VP LS 2313/1, VP LS 2378, which come as dispersions in the trade. Since the molar ratio of the internal OH groups is higher than that of the liberated isocyanate groups, it may be useful in these cases to further increase the mechanical strength, for example with another blocked isocyanate without OH groups (eg the easily emulsifiable type Bayhydur ® BL 5140). It is desirable to have optimized self-crosslinking blocked isocyanates as 1K systems with equimolar amounts or a slight excess of isocyanate.
  • cyanoacrylates e.g. Cyanoethyl acrylate and the like or mixtures thereof.
  • This class of compounds has the advantage that, because of its low molecular weights and viscosities, it has very good diffusion properties and can be used as a one-component system. Cyanoacrylates are especially suitable for use on through-hardened coating systems.
  • V) polyfunctional hydrazides such as carbodihydrazide or adipic dihydrazide.
  • This class of connection has several advantages: are used as one-component systems, are soluble in water and can be used without protective groups (which is particularly advantageous when applied to still partially dried, aqueous coating layers) and react readily at room temperature after removal of the water with carbonyl functions that are present in many paints, too networked systems. This reaction can advantageously also be used for the post-crosslinking of through-hardened coating systems.
  • Multifunctional carbodiimides e.g. Poly (1,3,5-triisopropyl-phenylene-2,4-carbodiimide).
  • These compounds can be used advantageously as crosslinkable chemical compounds of paint binders having amino groups and / or carboxylate groups. Their advantages are e.g. in that they can be diluted with water, can be used at room temperature and release no volatile fission products (VOCs).
  • VOCs volatile fission products
  • polyfunctional epoxides for example bis (2,3-epoxycyclopentyl) ethers, polyglycidyl ethers of polyhydric aliphatic and cycloaliphatic alcohols such as 1,4-butanediol, polyethylene glycols, polypropylene glycols and 2,2-bis (4-hydroxycyclohexyl) propane;
  • Polyglycidyl ethers of polyhydric phenols such as resorcinol, bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) methane (bisphenol-F), 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -propane (bisphenol-A), 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -propane hydroxy-3, 5-dibromophenyl) -propane, 1,1,2,2-tetrakis- (4-hydroxyphenyl) -ethane and condensation products of phenols with formaldehyde, the under acidic conditions, such as phenolic novolacs and cresol novolacs
  • Epoxies have the advantage that in principle very high mechanical strengths can be achieved.
  • two components are necessary (eg epoxy + amine, or epoxy + carboxylic acid).
  • a deficit of hardener component is recommended in order to achieve a covalent bond to the paint system (NH groups, COOH groups).
  • epoxy systems with curing temperatures of 100 to 140 0 C are suitable for the interlayer application.
  • polyfunctional, highly reactive, partially alkylated melamine-formaldehyde resins with curing temperatures between 110 to 150 0 C.
  • Preferred are low etherified, water-soluble types eg: Luwipal 073, BASF, partially methylated, 80% strength in butanol, which are curable as 1K systems and advantageously be applied to partially dried, water-containing lacquer interlayers.
  • melamine resins with OH-functional polyfunctional acrylates (for example dipentaerythritol pentaacrylate, a free OH group) and diols (eg, 1, 3-propanediol) as a reactive diluent (eg: 10 parts Luwipal 073, 2 to 5 parts of dipentaerythritol pentaacrylate, 2.5 parts of 1, 3-propanediol).
  • a reactive diluent eg: 10 parts Luwipal 073, 2 to 5 parts of dipentaerythritol pentaacrylate, 2.5 parts of 1, 3-propanediol.
  • both the melamine resin and the acrylate can independently form independent networks (important at different diffusion rates, ensures curing of all components) and by additional networking with each other a higher mechanical strength is achieved, as with the individual components.
  • OH and / or amino groups of the paint binder can also be coupled.
  • the paint enhancer may also contain other components.
  • the paint enhancer contains, apart from at least one crosslinkable chemical compound, a vehicle, preferably when the paint enhancer contains two or more crosslinkable chemical compounds, wherein the vehicle is preferably a volatile solvent or a mixture of volatile solvents is.
  • the diffusion rates of the crosslinkable chemical compounds can be increased so that they penetrate deeper into the paint system before they crosslink.
  • Volatile solvents are solvents having a boiling point of less than 250 ° C. at standard pressure.
  • Suitable carriers are, for example, organic solvents having a boiling point between 50 and 180 ° C. These include, for example, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, ethyl lactate, propylene glycol methyl ether, propylene glycol n-propyl ether, dipropylene glycol dimethyl ether, butyl glycol. Propylene glycol methyl ether, propylene glycol n-propyl ether, Ethyl lactate and butyl glycol (boiling point in the range 120 to 171 ° C selectable) have the advantage that they are infinitely miscible with water, which is particularly advantageous for use on partially dried, water-based paint layers. Water may also be a suitable carrier, for example when using self-crosslinking isocyanate dispersions.
  • the paint enhancer may also contain other organic solvents, some of which may act as a vehicle, and others by swelling through hardened paint systems, thus facilitating the diffusion or penetration of a paint enhancer.
  • Suitable solvents include e.g. Ketones (e.g., acetone, methyl ethyl ketone), carboxylic esters (e.g., ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, ethyl lactate), aromatics (e.g., toluene, xylene), glycols (e.g., butyl glycol), and ethers (e.g., tetrahydrofuran, dipropylene glycol dimethyl ether).
  • the solvents mentioned are preferably ester-based.
  • the solvent it is expedient to make the selection of the solvent so that the evaporation time is consistent with the diffusion time.
  • the solvent may be useful to use the solvent as a reactive component, such as e.g. Propanediol or butanediol in combination with blocked polyisocyanates.
  • the crosslinking or curing of the paint enhancer can be initiated thermally, by UV or electron radiation or by moisture (H 2 O).
  • Preferred variant is the curing with moisture (examples: cyanoacrylates, silanes, isocyanates) at room temperature, since in this case the paint system is exposed to only low thermal stress and the process cost is very low.
  • moisture examples: cyanoacrylates, silanes, isocyanates
  • the thermal curing is a preferred variant, provided that it can be thermally cured or crosslinked in the course of the subsequent process steps.
  • initiators or catalysts are suitable for starting or accelerating the curing.
  • an initiator may be required for the thermal polymerization at temperatures below 100 0 C or for the UV polymerization at room temperature.
  • the initiators for the thermal curing are chosen so that they support the best possible curing in the presence of oxygen.
  • the azo-based initiators such as 2, 2 'azobis (2-methyl-propionitrile) (AIBN), dimethyl 2, 2' azobisisobutyrate
  • peroxide-based initiators such as dibenzoyl peroxide.
  • Another example is the catalysis of urethane formation from isocyanates, for example with dibutyltin dilaurate or a tin-free metal carboxylate as a catalyst.
  • pH regulators When used as crosslinking polyreaction, e.g. a polycondensation, for example, provided by alkoxysilanes or hydrazides, pH regulators may be further components of the paint enhancer.
  • paint enhancer used can be solubilizers which favorably influence the dissolving behavior of the crosslinkable chemical compound used in the partially dried paint (water-based) used or promote rapid mixing.
  • the lacquer system comprises one or more intermediate lacquer layers and one top lacquer layer, and applying the paint enhancer to the topcoat layer of the reinforced paint system.
  • the lacquer system comprises one or more intermediate lacquer layers and one top lacquer layer, wherein the intermediate lacquer layers are solidified, partially solidified or unconsolidated and the topcoat layer is partially solidified, and wherein the lacquer enhancer is applied to the partially solidified topcoat layer.
  • the lacquer system comprises one or more intermediate lacquer layers and one top lacquer layer, and the lacquer enhancer is applied to one or more of the intermediate lacquer layers.
  • the intermediate lacquer layer or intermediate lacquer layers are at most partially solidified (when applying the lacquer enhancer). This has the advantage that thereby the diffusion paths and thus the penetration times of the applied paint enhancer can be shortened.
  • the paint enhancer is additionally applied to the topcoat layer, wherein this is also at most partially solidified. This has the advantage that thereby the penetration time can be further shortened.
  • the lacquer system comprises one or more intermediate lacquer layers and one top lacquer layer, and the lacquer enhancer is applied to one or more of the intermediate lacquer layers.
  • the intermediate lacquer layer or intermediate lacquer layers are not solidified (when applying the lacquer enhancer). This has the advantage that the penetration takes place in a liquid phase and thus is considerably faster.
  • the paint enhancer is additionally applied to the topcoat layer, which is also not solidified. This has the advantage that it supports a rapid distribution of the crosslinkable chemical compound of the paint enhancer in the entire paint system.
  • a second object of the present invention is a lacquer-coated substrate obtainable by the method disclosed above.
  • the substrate coated according to the invention has a coating system with improved mechanical strength at least in regions (in the region of application of the paint enhancer).
  • Such substrates are therefore particularly suitable for direct, i. without preliminary work, to be bonded, wherein the splice has improved compared to the prior art mechanical strength.
  • no paint layers must be removed, but it can be glued directly to the coating of the substrate according to the invention.
  • paint application must be prevented, since in the coated substrate according to the invention significantly higher strengths of the splice can be achieved than hitherto usual, which also has a favorable effect on the crash behavior and crash resistance of such splices. This allows novel adhesive applications on topcoat with increased strength requirements.
  • a third object of the present invention relates to a method for firmly joining two parts, at least a first of which bears a lacquer layer in the region of the connection surface, the method comprising the following essential steps: a) applying a lacquer enhancer to the lacquered region of Connecting surface of at least a first part; b) at least partial penetration or diffusion of the paint enhancer into the paint layer; c) post curing of the paint in the areas treated with the paint enhancer by curing the paint enhancer by means of crosslinking of crosslinkable chemical compounds of the paint enhancer with each other and / or with crosslinkable chemical compounds in the paint; d) adhering the first part to the second part, wherein the adhesive is applied to the painted connection surface of the first part and / or on the connection surface of the second part.
  • the process according to the invention has the advantage over the known processes of a very simple process technology. Thus, it is possible to condition finished paints by a post-treatment for a bond, without having to intervene in the paint formulation. This is particularly advantageous if a coating is produced by several painting process steps. This procedure avoids having to locally adapt the paint formulation or paint processing for each of the paint layers for the areas to be bonded.
  • the process according to the invention shows a considerable increase in the shear strength in the case of multilayer coating systems.
  • the method relates to two parts which are to be joined together by gluing, wherein at least one of the two parts carries a lacquer layer.
  • both parts can wear a lacquer layer. It is then expedient to treat both lacquer layers in the connection region with the paint amplifier, or to condition.
  • the second part to be connected will generally represent an attachment not painted in the connection surface.
  • the second but the part to be joined can also be a painted part, eg in the case of modular parts.
  • the lacquer layer is usually the final finish for the intended use.
  • the method provides in a first step a) the application of a paint enhancer on the painted area of the connecting surface of at least a first part.
  • the process for applying the paint enhancer is based on its consistency.
  • the paint enhancer is a liquid that is spread or sprayed onto the area.
  • a liquid paint enhancer is contained in a porous carrier, which is brought into contact with the paint and transfers the paint enhancer locally defined to the surface. As a result, bleeding of the liquid paint enhancer is prevented.
  • the paint enhancer may also have the form of a gel which is applied to the surface for the purpose of transferring the paint enhancer.
  • the paint enhancer is given time to act on the area to be conditioned, that is to be postcured.
  • the paint amplifier penetrates at least partially into the paint layer. This takes place in particular as a diffusion process of low molecular weight crosslinkable constituents in the lacquer layer.
  • the paint enhancer encompasses this typically also auxiliaries and solvents.
  • the composition of the paint intensifier applied to the surface differs from that of the paint penetrated into the paint. This concerns, for example, volatile solvents which can completely or partially escape from the paint before the next process step takes place or, in the case of multicomponent paint amplifier mixtures, individual components. Therefore, the use of emkomponentiger systems is preferred.
  • the next process step c) relates to the post-curing of the paint.
  • the invaded or diffused paint intensifier is cured in the areas to be joined. This is done by crosslinking of crosslinkable chemical compounds of the Lackverstarkers with each other and / or with crosslinkable components in the paint.
  • crosslinkable chemical compounds are preferably selected so that they form networks as one-component system within the lacquer layer and / or can be coupled to the existing reactive residual groups of the lacquer and thus crosslink the lacquer layer (after).
  • crosslinkable chemical compounds are already given above, in particular the compounds of the illustrated groups I) to VII). These are usually polyfunctional, low molecular weight starting molecules with similar reactive groups in a molecule or also different crosslinkable groups as in functional alkoxysilanes.
  • the paints which usually comes about by polymerization and / or polyaddition and / or polycondensation reactions between crosslinkable groups of the low molecular weight compounds contained in the paint, a part of the corresponding crosslinkable groups is not reacted and thus remains reactive.
  • the paint components generally carry further crosslinkable groups to which crosslinkable chemical compounds of the paint intensifier can be coupled. Typical examples are ethylenically unsaturated groups, isocyanate groups, amine groups or hydroxyl groups, epoxide groups and the like.
  • the Lackverstarkers When applying the Lackverstarkers on the finished cured paint system, it may be appropriate to cure the Lackverstarker and the adhesive m a common process step.
  • the process step d) following c) provides for the bonding of the two components by gluing.
  • the adhesive is introduced in a known manner in the area to be bonded. So it is possible the glue on the area of painted connecting surface of the first part and / or on the connecting surface of the second part.
  • the parts are brought into contact and the adhesive cured. Depending on the type of adhesive, this can usually be done thermally or with moisture in the case of one-component systems. In the case of two-component systems, this can also be done in non-moisture-curing systems at room temperature.
  • the lacquer layer here is composed of several layers, these layers typically differing in their physical properties and their chemical nature.
  • the paint enhancer before and / or after curing bears further crosslinkable groups which are suitable for crosslinking with corresponding crosslinkable groups of the adhesive.
  • the curing of the paint enhancer takes place at least partially together with the curing of the adhesive.
  • step c) partially or completely coincides with step d).
  • crosslinking with the adhesive takes place particularly preferably.
  • essentially all crosslinkable groups of the paint enhancer have reacted. This can be done by the reaction with other components of the paint enhancer, the paint and / or the adhesive.
  • the crosslinking or curing of the paint enhancer thermally triggered by UV or electron radiation or moisture.
  • catalysts may be useful to start.
  • an initiator may be required for the thermal polymerization at temperatures below 100 ° C. or for the UV polymerization at room temperature.
  • Preferred variants are the curing by moisture, since in this case the lacquer layer is exposed only to low thermal stress and the process cost is very low.
  • thermal curing is preferred.
  • UV curing is restricted to special cases since, as a rule, paint curing must take place in deeper, largely UV-impermeable layers.
  • a minimum amount of paint amplifier in the paint layer is necessary for the curing of the paint layer, or for the post-curing.
  • this amount is limited by the fact that the lacquer layer is retained as such.
  • the properties of untreated or uncured lacquer layer and post-cured lacquer layer must not differ so far that the transition between them becomes brittle and tears or a visually perceptible, especially color change occurs.
  • a permanent swelling of the lacquer layer is to be limited to the area of the adhesive application.
  • the lacquer layer in the regions to be conditioned in step c), that is to say before the crosslinking absorbs from 5 to 45% by weight, particularly preferably from 10 to 35% by weight, of its starting weight of crosslinkable chemical compounds.
  • the Lackverstarker can be free of solvents or solvents.
  • solvents are preferably chosen so that they are suitable for swelling the paint. As a result, the penetration or diffusing the crosslinkable chemical compounds of the Lackverstarkers is facilitated. Expediently, the solvents are substantially completely removed before bonding. Suitable solvents have already been indicated above.
  • the process is carried out so that the lacquer layer receives in step c) 3 to 10 wt .-% of its starting weight of solvent of the Lackverstarkers.
  • This solvent causes a swelling of the paint and thereby facilitates the penetration or diffusion of the other components of the Lackverstarkers. It is expedient to let the lacquer treated with the lacquer evaporate to allow the solvent to emerge from the lacquer before the lacquer hardening takes place.
  • the treated lacquer layer only contains traces of the solvent before the adhesion takes place in step d).
  • the process is preferably carried out in such a way that in step c) at least the uppermost layer is penetrated by the hardenable components of the coating intensifier. This can be achieved by suitable exposure time, amount or composition of the Lackverstarkers.
  • the further layers arranged below the uppermost layer take over of the paint at least 3 wt .-% of its initial weight of crosslinkable chemical compounds of the paint amplifier.
  • the paint enhancer can penetrate as far as the coated substrate (or KTL coating in the case of sheet metal substrates) in order to increase the adhesive strength of the paint layer.
  • the paint enhancer preferably penetrates the entire paint layer to such an extent that it becomes detectable on the surface of the first part.
  • the usual spectroscopic methods such as Raman and / or ATR-IR are applicable.
  • Particularly practical here are special IR spectroscopic techniques for the investigation of cross sections (depth profiles in the transmitted light method) and fracture surface analysis (ATR technique) after face test or tensile shear test.
  • a fourth object of the invention relates to a connection between two parts, wherein at least a first part carries a lacquer layer, as can be obtained by the method according to the invention.
  • the connection is essentially due to the adhesive, the hardened lacquer layer and the two opposite surfaces of the connected components formed.
  • the compound preferably contains at least 8% by weight of polymerized or crosslinked chemical compounds of the paint enhancer. Particularly preferably, the compound contains 8 to 33 wt .-% paint enhancer.
  • connection between a part of the vehicle body and an attachment of a motor vehicle body is arranged.
  • a fifth object of the invention relates to the use of a composition comprising at least one crosslinkable organic compound selected from the group consisting of the following groups I), II), III), IV), V), VI), VII) and VIII) as a paint enhancer ,
  • n 0 or 1
  • R 1 alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, which optionally contains at least one ether oxygen, preferably methyl, ethyl, iso-propyl or
  • R 2 alkyl group having 1 to 8 C atoms, preferably methyl or ethyl
  • R 3 linear or branched, optionally cyclic, alkylene group having 1 to 12 C atoms, optionally with aromatic moieties, and optionally with one or more heteroatoms, in particular nitrogen atoms
  • R 4 unsubstituted or substituted, optionally containing at least one heteroatom, hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 20 carbon atoms;
  • paint enhancers contain at least one crosslinkable chemical compound.
  • the paint enhancer additionally contains at least one solvent and / or at least one polymerization initiator and / or at least one catalyst.
  • the molecular weight of each of the compounds contained in the paint enhancer is preferably in the Range below 500 g / mol. This applies in particular to the application to solidified lacquer layers. When applied to partially solidified or unconsolidated paint layers, the paint enhancer may also contain compounds having a molecular weight greater than 500 g / mole.
  • the paint enhancer preferably has a content of low molecular weight, crosslinkable chemical compounds in the range of 90 to 100 wt .-%.
  • paint enhancers comprise crosslinkable organic compounds which are selected from the groups I) to VII) already explained above.
  • a sixth object of the invention relates to multilayer paint structures with post-cured lacquer layer areas.
  • These post-cured lacquer layers, or their posthardened areas, are produced by the following method steps from the multilayer lacquers on which they are based: a) application of a lacquer enhancer to the areas to be cured; b) penetration or diffusion of the paint enhancer into these areas of the paint layer; c) curing of the paint enhancer by crosslinking crosslinkable chemical compounds of the paint enhancer with each other and / or with crosslinkable chemical compounds in the paint.
  • the postcured lacquer layer that is to say lacquer-reinforced lacquer layer, preferably has an increase in the tensile shear strength (determined in accordance with DIN EN 1465, cf. working examples 5 to 7) of at least in the posthardened areas 20%. Typical examples have such an increase from 20 to 100%, in particular from 20 to 50%, in each case based on the non-post-cured lacquer layer. The test is carried out on the complete paint system.
  • the postcured, i. Lackquer treated lacquer layer in the postcured areas an increase in the tear strength (determined in accordance with DIN EN 4624, see Examples 1 to 4) of 20 to 60%, particularly preferably from 20 to 40%, each based on the non-postcured lacquer layer ,
  • the process according to the invention gives particularly good results in the case of multilayer coating systems which have been applied by wet-on-wet techniques, in particular if the layers have not yet completely cured or dried before the paint amplifier is applied.
  • Another embodiment relates to the application to wet layers in teilabgelsurroundedeten state with a water content (solvent content) greater than 10 wt .-%. As a result, the diffusion rates can be further increased.
  • the lacquer layer in the immediate vicinity of the bond does not differ significantly from the remaining lacquer layer, or the entire visible lacquer layer has a consistent appearance.
  • the action of the paint enhancer will not be limited only to the sharply delimited area of the connection between the two parts, since the paint enhancer also spreads to some extent in the surface. Therefore, paint enhancers are preferred, which after curing no changes in the visual appearance or the Create surface texturing. This means in particular that no color changes, such as yellowing or fading, arise, or no surface changes, such as waves or cracks occur.
  • the following examples relate to a paint system with three layers, which are applied to a cathodic dip-sheet, wherein the paint system has a total thickness of about 80 microns (including topcoat about 40 microns).
  • the lacquer layers in the indicated examples all water based color system "Silver”.
  • the hardening (curing) was performed at this paint system after application of the clear coat in 30 min at 155 0 C in a convection oven.
  • Lacquer layers (residual water content ⁇ 10% by weight), not yet or only partially cured;
  • Coating layers (residual water content> 10% by weight), not yet hardened.
  • the tearing tests were carried out in each case on samples coated according to the invention (ie on samples in which a paint enhancer was applied according to the invention) in the unaged and partly also in the aged state (Cataplasma test).
  • the reference was not in each case treated with paint enhancer, conventional coated comparative samples.
  • the results of the tearing tests in the samples according to the invention and in the comparative samples were in each case related to each other and are given below in percentages.
  • the face peel test was carried out in accordance with DIN EN ISO 4624.
  • a painted metal sheet was used as a sample according to the invention.
  • One stamp each with a diameter of 2 cm was glued to the lacquered top of the sheet metal and to the underside of the sheet metal.
  • the tensile shear test was carried out in accordance with DIN EN 1465. Sample width 45 mm; Adhesive thickness 5 mm; Overlap length 12 mm; Clamping length 110 mm; Pulling speed 10 mm / min. Test Adhesive was a commercial, room temperature curable, high strength 2K epoxy.
  • an increase in the peel strength ⁇ in the sample according to the invention was determined by about 20% compared to the comparison sample (face peel test).
  • Vented 60 0 C (stand at room temperature, for example, some of the solvent evaporates) and then together hardened with the topcoat 30 min at 155 ° C.
  • Paint enhancers could be detected in the second coat of paint under the topcoat.
  • acrylate amount about 15 microns calculated as dry film
  • the mixture was then flashed off for 15 min at 60 0 C and 30 minutes cured at 155 0 C.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé pour enduire un support au moyen d'un système de peinture, lequel comprend au moins deux couches de peinture appliquées l'une après l'autre sur le support. Selon l'invention, après l'application d'au moins une des deux couches de peinture, un renforçateur pour peinture est appliqué sur sa surface. Ce procédé permet d'enduire un support de manière simple avec un système de peinture qui présente une résistance mécanique améliorée, au moins dans certaines zones (dans la zone de l'application du renforçateur de peinture), de manière à obtenir, par exemple, un emplacement de collage présentant une résistance mécanique améliorée. L'invention porte également sur un support enduit au moyen de ce système de peinture, sur des procédés pour coller sur un tel système de peinture, sur des assemblages par collage, sur l'utilisation de mélanges pour le collage ainsi que sur des peintures multicouches ayant des zones à durcissement ultérieur.
EP05817938A 2004-12-10 2005-12-09 Procede pour enduire un support en utilisant un renforçateur pour peinture et procede pour coller des pieces enduites Withdrawn EP1819453A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004059689 2004-12-10
PCT/EP2005/013250 WO2006061247A1 (fr) 2004-12-10 2005-12-09 Procede pour enduire un support en utilisant un renforçateur pour peinture et procede pour coller des pieces enduites

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EP1819453A1 true EP1819453A1 (fr) 2007-08-22

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US (1) US20080087377A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1819453A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2008522800A (fr)
KR (1) KR20080061331A (fr)
CA (1) CA2633743A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2006061247A1 (fr)

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EP2072550A1 (fr) * 2007-12-21 2009-06-24 Sika Technology AG Compositions durcissables à dégazage réduit
EP2468834A1 (fr) * 2010-12-23 2012-06-27 Sika Technology AG Compositions de matériau d'étanchéité durcissant à la chaleur dotée d'une formation de peau rapide et d'une résistance à la traction élevée
EP2468785A1 (fr) * 2010-12-23 2012-06-27 Sika Technology AG Compositions de matériau d'étanchéité durcissant à la chaleur dotées d'une formation de peau rapide et d'une bonne stabilité de stockage
DE102011113720A1 (de) 2011-09-17 2012-05-10 Daimler Ag Verfahren zum Verkleben eines Anbauteils mit einem korrespondierenden Halteteil eines Kraftwagens sowie Halteanordnung eines Anbauteils an einem korrespondierenden Halteteil eines Kraftwagens
CN109659682B (zh) * 2018-12-13 2020-11-20 江苏南通海之升电子商务有限公司 一种通讯天线生产工艺
CN116790148A (zh) * 2023-06-29 2023-09-22 中南大学 一种生物基水性聚氨酯材料自修复性能增强剂及其自修复性能提升工艺

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US3729294A (en) * 1968-04-10 1973-04-24 Gen Electric Zinc diffused copper
US4677004A (en) * 1983-09-06 1987-06-30 Ppg Industries, Inc. Color plus clear coating system utilizing inorganic microparticles
JPH0683816B2 (ja) * 1985-03-13 1994-10-26 関西ペイント株式会社 塗膜の形成方法
JPS61197072A (ja) * 1985-02-27 1986-09-01 Kansai Paint Co Ltd 塗膜形成方法
FI80853C (sv) * 1988-06-07 1990-08-10 Neste Oy Plastbelagt stålrör
CA2163984A1 (fr) * 1993-06-24 1995-01-05 Virginia C. Marhevka Composition adhesive a base d'epoxy pour lier des metaux huileux
US5413809A (en) * 1993-07-01 1995-05-09 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Method for achieving recoat adhesion over a silane topcoat
US6770705B2 (en) * 2002-02-20 2004-08-03 Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. Curable film-forming composition exhibiting improved impact strength and chip resistance

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See references of WO2006061247A1 *

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US20080087377A1 (en) 2008-04-17
KR20080061331A (ko) 2008-07-02
CA2633743A1 (fr) 2006-06-15
WO2006061247A1 (fr) 2006-06-15
JP2008522800A (ja) 2008-07-03

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