EP1818596A1 - Réservoir sous pression en plastique et son procédé de fabrication - Google Patents

Réservoir sous pression en plastique et son procédé de fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1818596A1
EP1818596A1 EP07090008A EP07090008A EP1818596A1 EP 1818596 A1 EP1818596 A1 EP 1818596A1 EP 07090008 A EP07090008 A EP 07090008A EP 07090008 A EP07090008 A EP 07090008A EP 1818596 A1 EP1818596 A1 EP 1818596A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
liner body
pressure vessel
liner
plastic
winding
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP07090008A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1818596B1 (fr
Inventor
Uwe Gunzenheimer
Oskar Stürmer
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Grafenthaler Kunststofftechnik GmbH
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Grafenthaler Kunststofftechnik GmbH
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Publication of EP1818596A1 publication Critical patent/EP1818596A1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
    • F17C1/16—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge constructed of plastics materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0604—Liners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0607—Coatings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
    • F17C2203/0614—Single wall
    • F17C2203/0621—Single wall with three layers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0658—Synthetics
    • F17C2203/066—Plastics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0658—Synthetics
    • F17C2203/0663—Synthetics in form of fibers or filaments
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/0153—Details of mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/0192—Details of mounting arrangements with external bearing means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/05—Vessel or content identifications, e.g. labels
    • F17C2205/052—Vessel or content identifications, e.g. labels by stickers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/05—Vessel or content identifications, e.g. labels
    • F17C2205/058—Vessel or content identifications, e.g. labels by Radio Frequency Identification
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
    • F17C2209/21—Shaping processes
    • F17C2209/2154—Winding
    • F17C2209/2163—Winding with a mandrel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/031—Air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0107—Single phase
    • F17C2223/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/035—High pressure (>10 bar)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0165—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road
    • F17C2270/0168—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road by vehicles
    • F17C2270/0171—Trucks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0165—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road
    • F17C2270/0168—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road by vehicles
    • F17C2270/0173—Railways

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a pressure vessel made of plastic, in particular compressed air tank for brake power and pneumatic auxiliary equipment on trucks, trucks, buses, rail vehicles or fire extinguishing systems, with a container shell of an injection molded, composed of liner parts liner body made of fiber-reinforced polyethylene, polypropylene, or polyamide, in the pole caps Connection sleeves are formed captive, a arranged on the liner body reinforcing layer of fiberglass tape and an arranged on the latter injection-molded captive enclosure made of fiber-reinforced polyethylene, polypropylene, or polyamide.
  • the invention further relates to a method for producing a pressure vessel made of plastic, in particular compressed air tank for brake power systems and pneumatic auxiliary equipment on trucks, trucks, buses, Rail vehicles or fire extinguishing systems, in which first liner parts with pole caps made of glass fiber reinforced polyethylene, polypropylene or polyamide granules are injection molded by injection molding in an injection mold, embedded in the center of the pole caps connection sleeves are embedded by the plastic, the liner parts by joining in a joining machine to a liner body are joined together, the added liner body is wound with a reinforcing layer of glass fibers in a winding machine and the armored liner body is overmolded with a cladding of fiber-reinforced polyethylene, polypropylene, or polyamide.
  • a pressure vessel in particular accumulator tank for brake power systems and pneumatic auxiliary equipment on trucks, trucks, buses, rail vehicles, etc. or for fire-extinguishing systems, which consists of a liquid-tight injection-molded liner or thermoplastic body such as polypropylene, polyethylene, polyamide and the like. consists, are provided in the openings for connection sleeves and arranged on the liner armor layer.
  • the liner consists of a lost shape body made of short glass fiber reinforced thermoplastic and is versatile surrounded by a one-piece captive shell.
  • the sheath consists of short fibers, preferably glass fibers, reinforced and filled polypropylene or polyamide or modified polypropylene ethers or polyphenylsulfide or polyetherimide.
  • the reinforcing layer is composed of cross-laminated with about 55 ° to each other wound glass fibers or metal wires or wire mesh together.
  • the pressure vessel consists, at least in part, of a tube, which in turn is made of fiber-reinforced thermoplastic, the material of the tube being more than 10% by volume of fibers having an average fiber length of more than 50 mm.
  • the floor is formed as a separate part and also consists of a fiber-plastic composite material with short, long or continuous fibers. The floor is curved inwardly formed in the container space. At the bottom of a circumferential collar is arranged, which abuts against the inner wall of the central part and is connected thereto.
  • the DE 100 00 705 A1 describes a plastic core container reinforced with a fiber-plastic composite for storing liquid and / or gaseous media under pressure which has one or more connecting pieces in the neck and / or bottom and / or cylindrical container part, of which at least one connecting piece for receiving a screw-in cylindrical or conical thread having pressure line feed such as a valve or pipe connection is formed.
  • a cylindrical insert is mounted with a sleeve end enveloping or circumferential collar end, wherein at least two seals are arranged in such a manner that at least one seal between the insert and the inner surface of the plastic connecting pin of the plastic core container and at least one further seal between insert and pressure line feed is arranged.
  • a container for storing and transporting fluids under pressure comprising a thermoplastic inner blown liner of polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene, polyvinylchloride or polyvinyldiene chloride provided with an outer layer of carbon fibers, polyamide fibers, glass fibers, glass fiber reinforced Polyester fibers or glass fiber reinforced phenolic epoxy resin is wrapped.
  • a container intended to receive a pressurized fluid having a shell of substantially cylindrical shape and two substantially spherical bottoms closing the shell at its ends.
  • the container comprises an outer shell of composite material, an inner shell rigidly connected to the outer shell, a first opening piercing the inner and outer sheath, and a reinforcing element of the outer sheath around the first opening located inside the outer shell located and also includes an opening, which cooperates with the second opening.
  • the first opening is located in the jacket area and is provided with means for attaching the container.
  • the reinforcing element is interposed between the inner and outer sheaths.
  • the reinforcing element occupies at least the entire length of the shell.
  • the inner shell is cast, the shape chosen so that the insertion of the reinforcing element does not interfere with the profile intended for the container.
  • the outer shell is made of a fibrous material which is wound up on the inner shell provided with the reinforcing element. Subsequently, a heat treatment of the container is made.
  • the Indian EP 0 666 450 A1 described pressure vessel comprises a plastic liner with a cylindrical middle part, two dome-shaped end parts and a liner overfilling the outer jacket with a plurality of radially superimposed tangential windings and axial windings of a fiber-reinforced plastic, wherein the lowermost winding is formed as a tangential winding and in the axial direction substantially over the cylindrical middle part of Liners extends.
  • the lowermost winding in the middle region has a first thickness and merges at both ends into a winding edge, which has a second thickness which is greater than the first thickness.
  • a pressure vessel in particular compressed gas tank known, consisting of a dimensionally stable, rotationally symmetrical, gas-tight and cylindrical in its central region inner container, two coaxial from the outside to the bottom of the inner container mounted pole pieces and wound on the inner container with detection of the pole pieces, of continuous filaments and cured Plastic laminated outer sheath is made, wherein a bottom of the inner container and the patch thereon pole piece with an opening for tight connection of a valve o. The like. Are provided.
  • DE 2 423 497 A1 is a process for producing a claimed fiber-reinforced resin impregnated hollow body in the winding process with a mandrel remaining in the finished part, being formed as a mandrel a structure of the structure of the hollow body mitbeffleder fiber reinforced support body and cured.
  • the support body has two end caps and is provided with at least one of the support body and the end caps engaging winding layer.
  • the winding layers are applied in the form of longitudinal windings with a sharp winding angle and in the form of circumferential windings of approximately 90 °.
  • the DE 2 516 395 A1 discloses a pressure vessel formed as an aluminum vessel having a cylindrical portion and a hood-shaped end portion at each end of the cylindrical portion, the cylindrical and hood-shaped portions being substantially equal in thickness.
  • a winding arrangement of alternately polar oriented and circumferentially oriented glass fiber fabric is provided around the aluminum vessel.
  • At least one circumferentially oriented winding assembly is wound over the junctions between the cylindrical and hood-shaped end portions. The wrapping is in a preloaded condition so that compressive forces are applied to the outer surface of the vessel.
  • a gas cylinder for high gas pressure which consists of an aluminum liner and a circumferential layer of glass fiber reinforced plastic, wherein the liner has a cylindrical portion and spherically shaped pole caps with connecting pieces.
  • the liner including its polar caps is with a first layer of glass fibers in cross-winding provided.
  • a second layer is provided mainly in the cylindrical part of the liner, the glass fibers being in a circumferential winding.
  • the WO 01/57429 A1 describes a fiber-reinforced pressure vessel whose gaseous or liquid-tight body is completely wrapped with sliver, wherein the slivers are not embedded in a matrix and at least a number of slivers are freely movable relative to each other. The slivers are wound so that as soon as the pressure vessel is under internal pressure, the slivers are loaded exactly in their longitudinal direction.
  • a plastic tank which is reinforced with glass fibers or corresponding reinforcing filaments and is composed of preferably cylindrical tank halves, each having a bottom and one of the two floors having a connection opening.
  • the open ends of the tank halves are tapered and inserted into each other as an insert in a receiving part and held together by an adhesive.
  • the tank halves include outer and inner layers that are substantially transverse reinforcing strands, wherein the inner layer of the insert and the outer layer of the receptacle each contain a layer of densely-spaced reinforcing strands in a number of layers of flat-lying rovings.
  • This prior art also discloses a method for producing a reinforcing body of fiber strands for insertion into a casting mold for casting a fiber-reinforced cylinder having a closed end on which longitudinal and transverse reinforcing strands are wound, which are joined together by heating fusible resin powder.
  • a pressure vessel consisting of a dimensionally stable, gas-tight and in its central region cylindrical inner container, two coaxial from the outside to the bottom of the inner container mounted pole pieces and a wound under detection of the pole pieces on the inner container outer shell of glass fiber reinforced plastic, wherein a bottom of the inner container and the are provided with a flange-shaped part patch pole piece with an opening for tight connection of a connector and the inner container at its opening edge has an integrally formed axially outwardly directed and cylindrical neck whose contour matches that of the pole piece and the connector and by the with the Pole piece through Screw connection contiguous connector is pressed radially against the pole piece.
  • the inner container neck, the inner contour of the pole piece and the outer contour of the connector are conically tapered outward.
  • the liner is made of plastic and has two openings located in the neck region, in each of which an opening closing and / or sealing neck piece is arranged, of which at least one is designed to receive a screw-valve.
  • Both neck pieces are provided with an end region facing the pressure vessel with a flat running, frustoconical collar which is surrounded by the elements of the liner and / or the reinforcing winding and with a central axis of the axis of symmetry enclosing and extending from the inside recess, the in the case of the valve neck piece, it merges into the bore of the valve stem area.
  • All of these known plastic pressure vessels have a, taken from the metal container construction cylindrical middle or shell part, which is closed by corresponding bottoms on both sides.
  • dome-shaped or inwardly curved floors arise in the transition from Mantel- in the bottom area voltage spikes, which often lead to breakage at these transitions or to release the bottom part of the shell part.
  • the basic rule is that the smaller the transition radius, the greater the risk of a voltage breakage despite amplification measures of the most varied types. Even the transition from a cylindrical jacket region into a spherical pole region with a slightly larger radius can not sufficiently reduce the risk of breakage, especially with continuous and decaying permanent stress, as occurs in particular in brake power plants ( DE 38 21 852 A1 ).
  • the present invention seeks to improve a composite pressure vessel of the type mentioned so that the complex property guarantee of brake air tanks such as high toughness even at low temperatures, high impact and breaking strength under dynamic stress in the pressure range of 8 , 5 to 20 bar, a long service life of at least 15 years despite constant load cycling and corrosion resistance is achieved.
  • the solution according to the invention is characterized in that the shell and bottom region of the pressure vessel is brought into a construction form suitable for a more even and thus more safe distribution of the axial and radial stresses, which no longer consists of a cylindrical shell part and a spherical bottom part, but the Has a form of an ellipsoid of revolution, whereby a substantial approximation to the spherical shape is made possible.
  • the liner body therefore has an approximately ellipsoidal body shape, so that no sharp transitions between the bottom and shell area arise. Due to the largely uniform curvature in the longitudinal direction of the container wall in the originally cylindrical shell region, the tensile and radial stresses are very evenly distributed over all wall areas and a concentration of stress in the wall transition from the shell to the ground is significantly reduced.
  • a body shape which is particularly suitable for equalizing the tensile and compressive stresses is achieved when the ratio of the radius of the pole caps to the radius of the liner parts is 1: 2.5 to 1: 5.
  • the wall of the pole caps and the wall in the central region of the pressure vessel are evenly curved and merge seamlessly into one another.
  • the body shape of the ellipsoid of revolution is also maintained during application of the plastic-coated reinforcing layer of fiberglass tape and the plastic coating on the liner, so that a pressure vessel is created, which breaks for the first time with the adopted from the steel container construction cylindrical body shape and is no longer comparable with the latter.
  • the plastic coating of the glass fiber tape makes it possible to connect the glass fiber tapes with the liner and the juxtaposed or superimposed glass fiber bands during winding cohesively together. It has been shown that especially with laser welding the required high speeds of joining can be achieved.
  • the reinforcement is welded onto the liner, the body shape formed from spherical sections or the body shape of the ellipsoid of revolution can also be easily adhered to when reinforcing the liner.
  • the liner is expediently filled with water, with which the resulting heat is dissipated.
  • the pressure vessel according to the invention achieves an extremely high fatigue strength of well over 25,000 load changes, has a relation to the pressure vessels made of steel or containers with wound metal liners much lower weight, is shock resistant, shatterproof and not subject to any external corrosion by its designed as an insulating layer envelope. Due to the special shape of the wrapper, the pressure vessel according to the invention receives a specific outer attachment structure, which makes it possible to continue to use existing on trucks, trucks buses or rail vehicles fasteners for attachment.
  • the method according to the invention also makes it possible to considerably increase the degree of automation in the manufacture of the pressure vessels through the use of modular tools and the integration of the testing technology in the production process.
  • the pressure vessel produced by the method according to the invention have a repeatability of 100%, whereby no volume fluctuations in the air volume occur.
  • FIG. 1 shows a pressure vessel according to the invention in a sectional view
  • FIG. 4 is an illustration of the second reinforcing winding in the circumferential direction of the liner applied to the first reinforcing winding of FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 5 shows a liner with a third reinforcing winding made of plastic-coated fiberglass tape on the second layer in the jacket middle region of the liner body in the circumferential direction in a schematic representation
  • FIG. 6 shows a reinforcing layer-reinforced liner which is inserted into an injection-molding tool for encapsulation with a cladding layer
  • 7a is a representation of the enclosure with a mounting variant as a partial view
  • FIG. 7b is a front view of the mounting variant of FIG. 7a
  • FIG. 8a shows a further fastening variant formed in the envelope as a partial view
  • Fig. 8b is a front view of Fig. 8a and
  • Fig. 9 is a view of the connection sleeve in the pressure vessel.
  • the pressure vessel 1 of the invention shown in FIG. 1 for a not shown brake air system of a truck is to have a capacity of 10 l, and thus correspond to the nominal capacity of a pressure vessel fabricated conventionally made of steel with the cylindrical central portion and dished ends.
  • the pressure vessel 1 has an inner liner body 2 (see Fig. 2), which is composed of two liner parts 3 and 4 , a multi-layer, cohesively connected to the liner body 2 by welding reinforcing layer 5 and a sheath 6.
  • the two liner parts 3 and 4 are made made of polyethylene reinforced with short length glass fibers and are produced on a conventional injection molding machine in an injection mold. Each at their open end faces 7 , the liner parts 3 and 4 by Mirror welding bonded cohesively and gas-tight.
  • the connecting sleeve 8 of the pressure vessel 1 are made of corrosion-resistant metal, such as brass, and are encapsulated on all sides by the polyethylene during injection molding on the polar caps 9 to the inner axial passage, so that the sleeves 8 are captive and gas-tight in the center of the caps 9 .
  • the injection molding tools for producing the liner parts 3 and 4 are modular tools in which the volume can be correspondingly increased or reduced by core and jacket inserts (FIG. 6).
  • the liner parts 3 and 4 according to the invention in the usual diameter ranges for pressure vessels are variable in length and thus variable in volume.
  • the forces occurring at internal pressure on the pressure vessel 1 are expressed in axial and tangential stresses, which overlap each other at each point of the container wall and occur as a resultant stress.
  • Optimum container dimensions are achieved when each point of the container wall receives the same resulting stresses.
  • Containers made of metallic materials or containers with sharp transitions (strong bends) from the jacket do not meet these requirements, so that especially in these areas high resulting stresses occur, which regularly lead to leakage of the pressure vessel at high alternating loads.
  • the pole caps 9 and the middle jacket region 10 of the liner body 2 of the pressure vessel 1 have the shape of a body formed from ball sections or an ellipsoid of revolution 11 (see Fig. 2), wherein the pole caps 7 are formed approximately hemispherical and transition seamlessly into the cladding region 10 .
  • the pressure vessel 1 receives a bulbous design (see Fig. 1).
  • the radius RP of the pole cap 7 in the presented example is 103.3 mm, the radius RM of the jacket region 302.3 mm, so that a ratio of the two radii to each other of 1: 2.92 results. With this ratio, the pressure vessel 1 according to the invention achieves an optimum between the force relationships underlying the dimensioning and the stress conditions.
  • the multi-layer reinforcing layer 5 consists of an endless glass fiber tape 12 with a sheath 13 made of polyethylene.
  • the plastic sheath 13 made of polyethylene by means of laser, electric arc or similar. heated, locally melted and welded to the surface of the liner body 2 , so that the liner body 2 and the first winding layer A form a cohesive unit.
  • the subsequent second and third winding layers B and C of the continuous glass fiber tape 12 are also applied, so that the juxtaposed and superimposed edges of the tape 12 are welded together.
  • the applied reinforcing layer 5 thereby also obtains the body shape of the previously described spherical sections or of the ellipsoid of revolution 11 (see FIGS. 4 and 5).
  • the multi-layer reinforcing layer 5 is followed by the applied by injection coating 6, which consists of a short glass fibers contained polyethylene.
  • the polyethylene can also be mixed with propellants.
  • the sheath 6 secures the reinforcing layer 5 in its function and is at the same time designed as a protective layer, wherein in the case of an additive with propellants and an insulation is achieved.
  • fasteners are integrated or the enclosure 6 is itself formed into a specific fastener 14 (see Fig. 7a and 7b and 8a and 8b). Accordingly, this fastening element 14 can be designed so that the hitherto conventional fastening by means of tension bands (FIGS. 7a and 7b) can be maintained or by a direct screw connection (FIGS. 8a and 8b).
  • Appropriate signs, nameplates, company logos or other names or labels can be prefabricated and introduced captive into the enclosure 6 . This also provides the opportunity to provide the signs or nameplates or other names with digital information carriers whose information can be read and retrieved by a corresponding RFID configuration.
  • Fig. 9 shows the fixed by encapsulation with plastic in the polar cap 7 of the liner body 2 connecting sleeve 8 made of metal, such as brass.
  • connection sleeve 8 act as a result of the internal pressure in the pressure vessel 1 and 2 LinerSystem shear forces that try to push out the connection sleeve 8 from the plastic composite.
  • screwing or unscrewing plugs or screw in the connection sleeve 8 arise circumferential forces that try to unscrew the connection sleeve 8 from the plastic composite.
  • a constantly increasing and decreasing force acts on the connection sleeve 8 .
  • connection sleeve 8 has a flange 15 and a sufficiently long cylindrical portion 16 in which grooves, punctures and shoulders 17 are introduced to increase the shear surface. This allows a positive connection between the connection sleeve 8 and the plastic composite with a sufficiently high shear resistance.
  • a fine-toothed knurling 18 is present, which is able to absorb both circumferential forces and shear forces in a sufficient size.
  • connection sleeve 8 acts under internal pressure load a contact force of the plastic composite on the cylindrical portion 16 of the connecting sleeve 8 due to the leverage on the recess 17 of the sleeve 8.
  • the connecting sleeve 8 is provided on the inside with a recess 19 , into which an injected plastic lip 20 of the liner wall 21 of the respective liner part 3, 4 protrudes.
  • the liner parts 3 and 4 are sprayed on a conventional injection molding machine, so that a more detailed description is dispensable.
  • the starting material for the injection of the liner body is a plastic granulate made of polyethylene, to which a short fiber content is compounded or added as a pure admixture with a proportion of up to 30% by weight.
  • the injection molding tools used are modular tools, which are constructed so that always two congruent liner parts 3 and 4 can be produced.
  • the core and dome of the tools are equipped with disc-shaped, coolable segments, which allow the active elements to be lengthened or shortened in the respective diameter range. For each container diameter, only one tool is required.
  • the coolable segments are replaced accordingly in pairs in the injection mold.
  • the installation parts and connection sleeves are with known handling devices inserted and molded in the injection mold.
  • the injection of the plastic melt via a hot runner nozzle always on the front side of the liner parts.
  • the hot runner nozzle has 12 star-shaped distribution channels, which distribute the plastic melt evenly in linear and radial direction with the effect of a partial fiber orientation in the flow direction. By this measure, the compressive strength of the liner body increases significantly.
  • the attached liner body 2 is tested for gas tightness, in which the liner body 2 is spent in water, submerged and exposed to air at a test pressure of 2.5 bar. Existing leaks are indicated by rising from the liner body 2 air bubbles.
  • the gas-tightness test is preceded by a safety test in which the liner body is pressed under air with a hermetic shielding at a test pressure of 3.5. This pressure is then reduced to 2.5 bar on the leakage tester mentioned at the beginning.
  • the safety and tightness tester is a complex assembly, which in addition with a Drying device is equipped for drying the liner body.
  • the operation of this complex test bench is only reserved for authorized personnel who have the appropriate approvals for pressure vessels or similar. features.
  • the previously tested for safety and tightness liner body 2 is bubble-free filled with an incompressible medium such as water and the connection sleeves 8 sealed liquid-tight with plugs.
  • This medium stabilizes the liner body, safely absorbs the heat introduced in the process steps described in more detail below and thus at the same time serves as a coolant.
  • connection sleeves are used in the connection sleeves, which ensure that the incompressible medium kept under pressure can be driven in the circuit through the liner body 2 .
  • the plugs are provided with a conical pin, which serve for clamping and for securing the position of the liner body 2 in the centered position of the winding machine.
  • the wrapping material used is polyethylene-sheathed continuous glass fibers which are sintered into a strip of rectangular cross-section.
  • polyethylene but also polypropylene or other suitable thermoplastic can be used.
  • Other thermoplastics are also suitable.
  • the reinforcement of the liner body 2 is with the application of a first winding layer A of plastic-coated continuous glass fiber strips 12 for receiving the axial stresses started while receiving the radial stresses.
  • the winding layer A is wound at an angle of 55 ° to the longitudinal axis and also serves to reinforce the pole caps of the pressure vessel.
  • the winding layer A is heated during winding by laser, the plastic coating is melted and the edges of the individual layers welded together and on the liner body.
  • a second winding layer C is first applied as a peripheral winding on the first layer.
  • the winding width B1 of the winding layer C is dependent on the container length L and the container diameter D.
  • a third winding layer E is wound onto the second winding layer C.
  • the winding layer E serves in conjunction with the winding layer C a more uniform radial stress distribution and forms a belt layer in the middle layer region.
  • the media filling remains in the finished armored liner body 2 as well as the plugs in the connecting sleeves 8. This state is maintained in the following encapsulation of the armored liner body 2 .
  • the encapsulation of the armored liner body 2 takes place in a separate, suitably prepared injection mold in the interaction of an adapted Spritzg screenformsley and a suitable plastic and the pressure build-up of the spray medium.
  • the injection mold is equipped with several sprue distribution channels, which allow a simultaneous filling of the cavities between the form and inserted armored liner body.
  • the sprues are distributed in Polkappen and coat area. The gating takes place on the machine side at the same time at the poles through a round film gate, which is balanced in the hot runner.
  • the armored, filled with the incompressible medium liner body 2 is inserted into the opened injection mold and centered on the conical lugs of the stopper and firmly clamped when closing the mold, after the internal pressure of the filling medium in the liner body 2 to about 8 to 10 bar at a temperature from 10 to 15 ° C was set.
  • the armored liner body 2 forms the core, which is overmolded.
  • Starting material for the production of the envelope is a plastic granules of polyethylene, to which a short fiber content to increase the strength and a blowing agent for foaming, for example, in each case compounded or added as a pure admixture.
  • a plastic granules of polyethylene to which a short fiber content to increase the strength
  • a blowing agent for foaming for example, in each case compounded or added as a pure admixture.
  • the polyethylene can also be further dyed by the addition of colorants, so that a corresponding color of the pressure vessel can be omitted and in addition a color coding according to the technical field of application of the pressure vessel is easily possible.
  • Interchangeable dies are incorporated in the injection mold for the application of inscriptions, which then appear raised or recessed on the container surface.
  • This allows according to the customer's request company names, nameplate labels, information signs, approval marks, logos and the like. applied.
  • Inscriptions, images or signs, permits can also be inserted in the form of films in the injection mold, fix by means of vacuum in a suitable position and merge inextricably during injection with the enclosure. This also makes it possible to provide these slides with digital data carriers that contain the corresponding technical data, registration information, etc. stored and can be retrieved using RFED technology. The time-consuming gluing or welding on the company signs can be omitted.
  • the injection mold is run at a temperature of 80 ° C.
  • the injection rate was 15 mm / s
  • the injection pressure was ⁇ 40 bar
  • the back pressure at 15 bar the intrusion at 4-6 s
  • the cooling time 120 s.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Blow-Moulding Or Thermoforming Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Pressure Vessels And Lids Thereof (AREA)
EP07090008A 2006-02-09 2007-01-26 Réservoir sous pression en plastique et son procédé de fabrication Not-in-force EP1818596B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006006902A DE102006006902B4 (de) 2006-02-09 2006-02-09 Druckbehälter aus Kunststoff und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung

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EP1818596B1 EP1818596B1 (fr) 2009-04-15

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FR2963820A1 (fr) * 2010-08-12 2012-02-17 Air Liquide Reservoir composite et procede de fabrication
EP2876352A1 (fr) * 2013-10-22 2015-05-27 MAN Truck & Bus Österreich AG Véhicule utilitaire équipé d'un récipient pour gaz comprimé
WO2016102624A1 (fr) * 2014-12-24 2016-06-30 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Procédé de fabrication d'un stratifié étanche aux fluides constitué d'un matériau composite sur un objet
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EP3055601A4 (fr) * 2013-10-08 2017-10-18 Performance Pulsation Control, Inc. Amortisseur de pulsations composite
WO2018149772A1 (fr) * 2017-02-14 2018-08-23 University Of Ulster Récipient sous pression composite pour le stockage d'hydrogène
CN110242855A (zh) * 2019-06-06 2019-09-17 吕大明 柔性高压储氢罐
CN112856210A (zh) * 2020-12-30 2021-05-28 新启时代(北京)材料科技有限公司 一种防爆裂塑料内胆复合材料储罐及其制作方法
CN113483253A (zh) * 2021-07-05 2021-10-08 曾霞光 一种基于压差提高压力容器单位体积储存容量的方法
US11549643B2 (en) * 2018-07-31 2023-01-10 Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Jidoshokki Pressure vessel and pressure-vessel manufacturing method
DE202024000857U1 (de) 2024-05-02 2024-05-29 Emano Kunststofftechnik Gmbh Druckbehälter

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DE102012007404A1 (de) * 2012-04-16 2013-10-31 Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co. Kg Druck-Speicherbehälter
DE102013100594A1 (de) 2013-01-21 2014-08-07 Technische Universität Darmstadt Druckbehälter sowie Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Druckbehälters
DE102013100591A1 (de) 2013-01-21 2014-07-24 Technische Universität Darmstadt Druckbehälter sowie Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Druckbehälters
RU2554699C2 (ru) * 2013-08-19 2015-06-27 Акционерное общество "Информационные спутниковые системы" имени академика М.Ф. Решетнёва"(АО "ИСС") Металлопластиковый баллон высокого давления
DE102015003753B4 (de) 2014-03-25 2024-06-27 Feuerschutz Jockel Feuerlöscher
DE102015105901A1 (de) * 2015-04-17 2016-10-20 xperion Energy & Environment GmbH Druckbehälter und Verfahren zum Herstellen
RU2631957C1 (ru) * 2016-10-27 2017-09-29 Российская Федерация, от имени которой выступает Государственная корпорация по космической деятельности "РОСКОСМОС" Способ изготовления металлопластикового баллона высокого давления для космического аппарата
CN107116340A (zh) * 2017-05-18 2017-09-01 上海空间推进研究所 航天用大尺寸薄壁内衬及其制造方法
DE102017211124A1 (de) * 2017-06-30 2019-01-03 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Druckbehälters
DE102018204806A1 (de) * 2018-03-28 2019-07-25 Audi Ag Druckbehälter sowie Karosseriestruktur für ein Fahrzeug
DE102018003996B4 (de) * 2018-05-17 2023-03-23 Mt Aerospace Ag Verfahren zum Aufbringen bzw. Erzeugen einer Faserschicht bei der Herstellung von Dome umfassenden Tankstrukturen
DE102022110151A1 (de) 2022-04-27 2023-11-02 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Liner für einen Druckbehälter sowie Druckbehälter

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GB2475652A (en) * 2008-09-15 2011-05-25 Scott Tech Inc Method and system for filling a gas cylinder
GB2475652B (en) * 2008-09-15 2012-08-08 Scott Tech Inc Method and system for filling a gas cylinder
WO2010030921A1 (fr) * 2008-09-15 2010-03-18 Scott Technologies, Inc. Procédé et système de remplissage d'une bouteille de gaz
US9310024B2 (en) 2008-09-15 2016-04-12 Scott Technologies, Inc. Method and system for filling a gas cylinder
US9890905B2 (en) 2008-09-15 2018-02-13 Scott Technologies, Inc. Method and system for filling a gas cylinder
FR2963820A1 (fr) * 2010-08-12 2012-02-17 Air Liquide Reservoir composite et procede de fabrication
EP3055601A4 (fr) * 2013-10-08 2017-10-18 Performance Pulsation Control, Inc. Amortisseur de pulsations composite
EP2876352A1 (fr) * 2013-10-22 2015-05-27 MAN Truck & Bus Österreich AG Véhicule utilitaire équipé d'un récipient pour gaz comprimé
WO2016102624A1 (fr) * 2014-12-24 2016-06-30 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Procédé de fabrication d'un stratifié étanche aux fluides constitué d'un matériau composite sur un objet
AU2015370947B2 (en) * 2014-12-24 2018-08-30 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Process for manufacturing a fluid tight laminate of composite material on an object
NL2014899A (en) * 2015-06-01 2016-12-12 Advanced Lightweight Eng B V Fibre reinforced pressure vessel and method for forming such.
WO2018149772A1 (fr) * 2017-02-14 2018-08-23 University Of Ulster Récipient sous pression composite pour le stockage d'hydrogène
US11549643B2 (en) * 2018-07-31 2023-01-10 Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Jidoshokki Pressure vessel and pressure-vessel manufacturing method
CN110242855A (zh) * 2019-06-06 2019-09-17 吕大明 柔性高压储氢罐
CN110242855B (zh) * 2019-06-06 2023-09-19 吕大明 柔性高压储氢罐
CN112856210A (zh) * 2020-12-30 2021-05-28 新启时代(北京)材料科技有限公司 一种防爆裂塑料内胆复合材料储罐及其制作方法
CN113483253A (zh) * 2021-07-05 2021-10-08 曾霞光 一种基于压差提高压力容器单位体积储存容量的方法
DE202024000857U1 (de) 2024-05-02 2024-05-29 Emano Kunststofftechnik Gmbh Druckbehälter

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DE502007000594D1 (de) 2009-05-28
EP1818596B1 (fr) 2009-04-15
ATE428888T1 (de) 2009-05-15
DE102006006902B4 (de) 2008-02-21

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