EP1817785A2 - Lampe a decharge de vapeur de mercure basse pression et appareil de traitement - Google Patents

Lampe a decharge de vapeur de mercure basse pression et appareil de traitement

Info

Publication number
EP1817785A2
EP1817785A2 EP05807144A EP05807144A EP1817785A2 EP 1817785 A2 EP1817785 A2 EP 1817785A2 EP 05807144 A EP05807144 A EP 05807144A EP 05807144 A EP05807144 A EP 05807144A EP 1817785 A2 EP1817785 A2 EP 1817785A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
glass
weight
lamp
mercury vapor
vapor discharge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP05807144A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Simon Krijnen
Theodorus H. Ketelaar
Olaf Mastenbroek
Roland Blasig
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Koninklijke Philips NV
Original Assignee
Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV filed Critical Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV
Priority to EP05807144A priority Critical patent/EP1817785A2/fr
Publication of EP1817785A2 publication Critical patent/EP1817785A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C4/00—Compositions for glass with special properties
    • C03C4/02—Compositions for glass with special properties for coloured glass
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C3/00—Glass compositions
    • C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
    • C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
    • C03C3/083—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound
    • C03C3/085—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound containing an oxide of a divalent metal
    • C03C3/087—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound containing an oxide of a divalent metal containing calcium oxide, e.g. common sheet or container glass
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/30—Vessels; Containers
    • H01J61/302—Vessels; Containers characterised by the material of the vessel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/30—Vessels; Containers
    • H01J61/32—Special longitudinal shape, e.g. for advertising purposes
    • H01J61/327—"Compact"-lamps, i.e. lamps having a folded discharge path
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/70—Lamps with low-pressure unconstricted discharge having a cold pressure < 400 Torr
    • H01J61/72—Lamps with low-pressure unconstricted discharge having a cold pressure < 400 Torr having a main light-emitting filling of easily vaporisable metal vapour, e.g. mercury
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/06—Radiation therapy using light
    • A61N5/0613—Apparatus adapted for a specific treatment
    • A61N5/0614—Tanning
    • A61N2005/0615—Tanning using UV light sources having a specific spectrum
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/06—Radiation therapy using light
    • A61N5/0613—Apparatus adapted for a specific treatment
    • A61N5/0614—Tanning

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a mercury vapor discharge lamp comprising a lamp envelope, the lamp envelope enclosing, in a gastight manner, a discharge space provided with a filling of mercury and a rare gas, the lamp envelope comprising discharge means for maintaining a discharge in the discharge space, the lamp envelope allowing passage of UV- light, the lamp envelope being made of a black glass component, the composition of the black glass component being free of PbO.
  • the invention also relates to an apparatus for treatment with radiation for personal care, comprising a housing in which a UV source is present and a wall made from a UV-transmitting material covering the housing, wherein the UV-source is the low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp.
  • mercury constitutes the primary component for the (efficient) generation of ultraviolet (UV) light.
  • a luminescent layer comprising a luminescent material (for example, a fluorescent powder) may be present on the inner wall of the lamp envelope, also known as the discharge vessel, to convert UV into other wavelengths, for example, into UV-B and UV-A for tanning purposes (sun panel lamps) or into visible radiation for general illumination purposes.
  • Such discharge lamps are therefore also referred to as fluorescent lamps.
  • the ultraviolet light generated may be used for manufacturing germicidal lamps (UV-C).
  • the lamp envelope of a low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp is usually tubular and circular in section and comprises both elongate and compact embodiments.
  • the tubular lamp envelope of a so-called compact fluorescent lamp comprises a collection of relatively short straight parts having a relatively small diameter, which straight parts are connected together by means of bridge parts or arc-shaped parts.
  • Compact fluorescent lamps are usually provided with an (integrated) lamp cap.
  • the lamp envelopes of mercury vapor discharge lamps, e.g. fluorescent lamps are generally made of an inexpensive, so-called soda- lime type of glass.
  • Compact fluorescent lamps are usually made of a lead- free Ba-Sr-rich glass.
  • the lamp envelope may also include (two) so-called glass stems or end portions where the lamp envelope is hermetically sealed, said end portions enabling the current-supply conductors to pass through.
  • So-called black- light blue lamps emit predominantly UV-A radiation (wavelength range 320-380 nm) and a slightly visible violet-blue light. Such lamps contain mercury vapor in which, during operation of the lamp, a discharge is generated which is accompanied by the emission of characteristic mercury spectral lines.
  • the inner wall of the lamp envelope is provided with a fluorescent powder that absorbs short-wave UV-B and UV-C radiation and, subsequently, emits said radiation predominantly in the form of long ⁇ wave UV-A radiation.
  • a so-called "black- light blue lamp” is used to cause certain materials to fluoresce by means of UV-A radiation; this is also referred to as photoluminescence. Photoluminescence is most clearly visible when the environment is dark.
  • the lamp should preferably emit as little visible light as possible. This is achieved by making the glass of the lamp envelope absorb the greater portion of the emitted visible light. If the lamp is in the off-state, the glass of the lamp envelope is black. The glass does allow UV-A radiation and of some violet and blue light to pass, so that the burning lamp is of a dark violet-blue color.
  • the black- light blue lamp should preferably not emit harmful UV-B (wavelength range 280-320 nm) and UV-C (wavelength range 100-280 nm) radiation; this radiation is almost completely absorbed by the fluorescent powder on the inner wall of the lamp envelope.
  • Black- light blue lamps are used, inter alia, for examining minerals, gems, stamps etc, and to detect falsifications such as counterfeit money, cheques, documents, and paintings.
  • the lamps are also used to diagnose and treat skin diseases and to illuminate dance floors, for example in the form of disco lamps.
  • the glass of the existing black- light blue lamps comprised lead with a content of approximately 20 % PbO by weight.
  • a lamp made of this glass will be referred to as the "lead-containing black- light blue lamp” below.
  • PbO has favorable properties in that it improves the processability and increases the electrical resistance of the glass. In addition, good maintenance results were observed with these lead-containing black- light blue lamps.
  • PbO in black- light blue lamps
  • a disadvantage of the use of PbO in black- light blue lamps is its toxicity.
  • PbO is released into the atmosphere by atomization and evaporation, which has a harmful effect on the environment.
  • PbO is also released when lead glass is subjected to a heat treatment, such as during "bridge-making", shaping, and fusing. Consequently, the working environment has to be adapted drastically to avoid exposure to PbO.
  • Another disadvantage of PbO is the high price of the raw material.
  • Yet another disadvantage of PbO is the reduction of the light output in compact fluorescent lamps, which is caused by evaporation and, subsequently, condensation of PbO on the fluorescent powder when the lead-containing tube glass is subjected to a hot working operation. This is the reason why a type of glass for a lamp envelope free f lead and yet having the desired physical melting, softening, expansion, and transmission properties has been investigated for a considerable length of time.
  • WO 96/21629 describes a lead- free black glass for use in an envelope of a black- light blue lamp which includes CoO in an amount of 0.45 to 1.0 % by weight and NiO in an amount of 2.8 to 3.4 % by weight.
  • this glass will also be referred to as the "Filmer black" glass.
  • the "Filmer” glass does not comprise PbO, B 2 O 3 , BaO, and Sb 2 O 3 .
  • the glass can be exchanged with the existing lead-containing glasses for such envelopes.
  • a burning lamp having such an envelope emits light of the same intensity and color as the existing lamp and emits predominantly UV-A radiation.
  • a drawback of the known low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp is the relatively poor maintenance of the lamp compared with the previously used PbO-containing black glasses.
  • a mercury vapor discharge lamp comprising: a lamp envelope enclosing, in a gastight manner, a discharge space provided with a filling of mercury and a rare gas, the lamp envelope comprising discharge means for maintaining a discharge in the discharge space, the lamp envelope allowing UV- light to pass, the lamp envelop being made of a black glass component, the composition of the black glass component being free of PbO and comprising, expressed as a percentage by weight, the following constituents:
  • the glass further comprising Li 2 O, Na 2 O, and K 2 O, the sum of the concentrations Of Li 2 O, Na 2 O, and K 2 O being in the range from 13 to 18 % by weight, the glass further comprising SrO and BaO, the sum of the concentrations of SrO and BaO being in the range from 8 to 13 % by weight, further constituents of the glass being in the range from 0.01 to 0.3 % by weight.
  • the glass according to the invention is free of PbO and is also free of other volatile, toxic, or corrosive components such as Sb 2 O 3 , As 2 O 3 , and F.
  • the glass in accordance with the invention is free OfB 2 O 3 and ZrO 2 .
  • B 2 O 3 is disadvantageous because it is expensive and aggressive relative to the refractory material of the glass furnace.
  • ZrO 2 adversely affects the melting behavior of the glass.
  • the glass according to the invention is a so-called sodium-poor glass.
  • the known "Filmer” glass has a Na 2 O content in the range of 14 to 18 % by weight, whereas the glass according to the invention has a preferred Na 2 O content in the range of 0.5 to 3 % by weight.
  • the use of a Na-poor glass composition according to the invention significantly reduces the mercury consumption of the lamp during life.
  • the maintenance of the low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp is improved by the use of a sodium-poor glass.
  • the SiO 2 content of the glass in accordance with the invention is limited to 55 to 70 % by weight. In combination with the other constituents, said SiO 2 content leads to a readily fusible glass.
  • SiO 2 serves as a network former. If the SiO 2 content is below 55 % by weight, the cohesion of the glass and the chemical resistance are reduced. A SiO 2 content above 70 % by weight hampers the vitrification process, causes the viscosity to become too high, and increases the risk of surface crystallization.
  • the substantial absence OfAl 2 O 3 has the following advantages.
  • the liquidus temperature (Tu q ) of the glass is reduced by at least 100°C due to favorable crystallization properties.
  • Al 2 O 3 being practically absent in the glass composition according to the invention, as compared with that of the known "Filmer" glass composition, does not have a detrimental influence on the chemical resistance nor on the resistance to weathering of the glass.
  • the glass according to the invention exhibits a low crystallization tendency as well as a viscosity and softening temperature (T SOft ) that render a good processing of the glass possible.
  • the alkali metal oxides Li 2 O, Na 2 O, and K 2 O are used as melting agents in the glass according to the invention, causing a reduction of the tile viscosity of the glass. If both alkali metal oxides are used in the above composition, then the so-called mixed-alkali effect causes the electrical resistance to be increased and Tu q to be reduced. In addition, the alkali metal oxides predominantly determine the expansion coefficient ⁇ of the glass. This is favorable because it must be possible to seal the glass to the stem glass and/or the current supply conductors made, for example, of copper-plated iron/nickel wire in such a way that the glass is free from stress.
  • the glass will have a too low ⁇ - value (coefficient of linear expansion), and T SO f t (softening point) will be too high. Above the indicated limits, the ⁇ - value becomes too high.
  • a too high Li 2 O content leads to an excessive increase of Tu q .
  • Li 2 O is an expensive component, so that the Li 2 O content is preferably limited, also for economic reasons.
  • BaO has the favorable property that it causes the electrical resistance of the glass to increase and T SOft to decrease. Below 7 % by weight BaO, the melting temperature (Tmeit), the softening temperature (T SO ft), and the working temperature (T wor k) tend to increase too much. Above 10 % by weight BaO, the liquidus temperature (Tu q ) and accordingly the crystallization tendency of the glass increase too much.
  • the alkaline earth metal oxides SrO, MgO, and CaO have the favorable property that they lead to a reduction of T melt .
  • chromophores are NiO, CoO, and Fe 2 O 3 . These chromophores are added to the glass composition according to the invention in concentrations such that the color of the glass envelope and the UV-A output of the resulting glass are at least comparable to those of the lead-containing glass of the prior art black- light blue lamps.
  • CoO absorbs green to red light (500-700 nm) and NiO absorbs blue to green light (400-550 nm). Both components have the advantage that they absorb little UV-A radiation around 365 nm. However, both components are very expensive and hence are added in the lowest possible concentrations.
  • the Co and Ni concentrations are selected such that a VIS/UV-A output is obtained analogous to that of the "Filmer” black- light blue lamp and of the lead-containing black- light blue lamp.
  • a NiO content above the indicated limit leads to too low a transmission at a wavelength of 404.7 nm (one of the Hg spectral lines), so that a burning lamp having an envelope of this glass will be of a color which differs from that of an existing lamp.
  • the UV-A absorption increases too much above the indicated limit.
  • a CoO content above the indicated limit leads to a different color of the lamp, i.e. the lamp becomes darker and more bluish in color.
  • the infrared transmission of the glass will decrease, as a result of which shaping of the glass becomes more difficult.
  • a higher concentration of CoO also leads to a higher UV-A absorption.
  • the addition OfFe 2 O 3 to the glass according to the invention has a favorable influence on the absorption of harmful UV-B radiation.
  • a preferred embodiment of the low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp according to the invention is characterized in that the composition of the glass component comprises, expressed as a percentage by weight:
  • the glass in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the invention has a Na 2 O content in the range of 1.5 to 2.5 % by weight, whereas the preferred embodiment of the known "Filmer” glass has a Na 2 O content in the range of 16.7 to 17.3 % by weight.
  • the mercury consumption of the lamp during life is significantly reduced and the maintenance of the low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp is improved by the use of a sodium-poor glass composition.
  • the concentrations of the chromophores CoO and NiO in the preferred glass composition are lower than in the known "Filmer" glass. These concentrations are chosen such that the color of the glass envelope and the UV-A output of the resulting glass match the requirements for black- light blue lamps.
  • the preferred glass composition has a favorable Tu q ⁇ 800°C and hardly tends towards crystallization during the manufacture of the glass and during drawing of glass tubing from said glass. By keeping the concentrations in the preferred ranges and by virtue of a wide Working Range of at least 310°C and a low T SOft (700°C), the glass can be shaped into a tube without any problems by means of, for example, the Danner or the Velio process, which are known in the art.
  • the glass in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the invention has favorable fusion and processing properties.
  • the linear expansion coefficient ( ⁇ ) can be tuned to match the glass with other glasses.
  • the other physical parameters can be chosen approximately equal to those of the known "Filmer" glass.
  • the glass composition according to the preferred embodiment of the invention is very suitable for drawing glass tubing and for use as a lamp envelope or stem in a fluorescent lamp.
  • the glass in accordance with the invention can be refined by means of Na 2 SO 4 .
  • a preferred embodiment of the low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp according to the invention is characterized in that the composition of the glass component in addition comprises 0.01 to 0.2 % by weight of SO 3 .
  • the known "Filmer” glass uses antimony fining (Sb 2 O 3 ).
  • Sulphate/carbon refining serves to avoid the use of toxic antimony compounds and other toxic refining agents.
  • the glass composition may additionally contain up to 0.5 % by weight of CeO 2 , preferably less than 0.2 % by weight of CeO 2 , for absorbing undesirable UV radiation.
  • the sum of the concentrations Of Li 2 O, Na 2 O, and K 2 O is in the range from 14 to 16 % by weight.
  • the sum of the concentrations of SrO and BaO is in the range from 10 to 12.5 % by weight.
  • the coefficient of linear expansion ⁇ of the preferred glass composition has favorable properties if the concentrations are kept within the preferred ranges.
  • the glass composition in accordance with the invention can be refined by means OfNa 2 SO 4 , so that the glass may contain up to 0.2 % by weight of SO 3 .
  • the glass may additionally contain an impurity in the form of approximately 0.5 % by weight OfFe 2 O 3 , preferably less than 0.2 % by weight OfFe 2 O 3 , which originates from the raw materials used.
  • up to 0.5 % by weight Of CeO 2 preferably less than 0.2 % by weight Of CeO 2
  • a protective coating such as, for example, an Al 2 O 3 coating, can be dispensed with because of the low sodium-content of the glass composition according to the invention. Such protective coatings lead to a loss in light transmission, which is undesirable.
  • Low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamps with UV-A and UV-B luminescent materials are employed in an apparatus for treatment with radiation for personal care, in particular for tanning purposes.
  • a typical tanning unit comprises an array of tanning lamps emitting UV-radiation in the direction of the (human) body positioned in the vicinity of the low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamps.
  • people need to wear special glasses for protecting their eyes against the UV radiation.
  • the invention also relates to an apparatus for treatment with radiation for personal care, comprising a housing in which a UV source is present and a wall made from a UV-transmitting material covering the housing, wherein the UV-source is the low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp according to the invention, the glass comprising the constituents as described in the description and claims of the present patent application.
  • the use of the black- light blue lamp according to the invention in the apparatus for treatment with radiation for personal care substantially removes the visual radiation by filtering the radiation produced inside the tanning lamp. As a result, the visual light level is strongly reduced, and the contrast of a display device is enhanced.
  • the luminescent materials in the low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp are chosen such that the required amounts of UV-A and UV-B radiation are radiated towards the (human) body.
  • the user wears transparent glasses, for example made from polycarbonate, which reduce the UV radiation incident on the eye without impairing the effect of visible radiation.
  • Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a low-pressure mercury- vapor discharge lamp with a lamp envelope made from a glass with a composition in accordance with the invention
  • Figure 2 is a side elevation of a compact fluorescent lamp with a lamp envelope made from a glass with a composition in accordance with the invention
  • Figure 3 shows the maintenance (% UV-A radiation) as a function of time of a low-pressure mercury- vapor discharge lamp with a lamp envelope made from a glass with a composition in accordance with the invention as compared with a lamp envelope made from the known "Filmer" glass;
  • Figure 4 shows the maintenance of a low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp with a lamp envelope made from a glass with a composition in accordance with the invention as a function of the glass resistivity, and
  • Figure 5 shows the transmission of the glass of according to the invention as compared to that of the known "Filmer" glass.
  • Figure 1 is a highly diagrammatic sectional view of a low-pressure mercury- vapor discharge lamp with a tubular lamp envelope 10 which is circular in cross-section and which is made of a glass having a composition in accordance with the invention.
  • Current- supply conductors 12 which are connected to electrodes 13 issue from the lamp envelope 10.
  • Each of the electrodes 13 in Figure 1 comprises a winding of tungsten coated with an electron-emissive material, here a mixture of barium oxide, calcium oxide, and strontium oxide.
  • a layer of a fluorescent material (phosphors) 14 is provided on the inner surface of the lamp envelope 10.
  • Metallic mercury 15, which evaporates after ignition of the lamp, is present within the lamp envelope 10. Before such a lamp is sealed off, it is filled with argon having a pressure of approximately 700 Pa.
  • the lamp envelope is provided with an amalgam.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of a compact fluorescent lamp.
  • the lamp is composed of four thin parallel lamp envelopes 1 (only two of which are shown in the drawing) which are made of a glass having a composition in accordance with the invention.
  • the lamp envelopes 1 are interconnected by a bridge 4.
  • the lamp also comprises a lamp base 2 for accommodating electronic circuitry and a threaded lamp holding means 3 which is to be installed in a luminaire and through which the mains voltage is supplied.
  • the substantial wall load makes the use of a glass according to the invention particularly advantageous.
  • the favorable glass composition comprises 0.2 % by weight of SO 3 .
  • the sum of the concentrations Of Li 2 O, Na 2 O, and K 2 O in this embodiment of the glass composition is approximately 15.9 % by weight, and the sum of the concentrations of SrO and BaO is approximately 10.7 % by weight, giving the glass a relatively low cost price.
  • the melting operation is carried out in an electrical gas-fired furnace at 1450°C.
  • the starting materials used are quartz sand, dolomite (CaCO 3 MgCO 3 ), the carbonates of Li, Na, K, Sr, and Ba, and CoO/NiO and Fe 2 O 3 .
  • the refining agent used is Na 2 SO 4 and carbon. No particular problems occur during melting and further processing.
  • Table I shows an example of a glass having a low sodium content in accordance with the known "Filmer" glass as described in International application WO 96/21629.
  • Table II gives the physical properties of the glass composition according to the invention as compared with the known glass composition.
  • Tann (°C) dPa.s termed annealing point
  • Tsoft (°C) temperature at which ⁇ 10 V7.6 dPa.s, termed softening point
  • 1 work ( ⁇ *->) temperature at which ⁇ 10 - ⁇ 4.0 dPa.s, termed working temperature
  • T rh0 ( 0 C) temperature at which rho 10 652 ohm.cm; s.m. (kg/dm 3x ) specific mass.
  • the glass according to the invention being sodium poor, the mercury consumption of mercury vapor discharge lamps made from the glass with a composition according to the invention is substantially less than that of mercury vapor discharge lamps made from the known "Filmer" glass.
  • the use of the glass according to the invention leads to a significantly reduced mercury consumption in the lamp.
  • the use of the glass according to the invention makes an internal protective coating of, for example, Al 2 O 3 or Y 2 O 3 unnecessary.
  • Figure 3 is shows the maintenance M (in % UV-A radiation) as a function of time of a low-pressure mercury- vapor discharge lamp with a lamp envelope made from a glass with a composition in accordance with the invention (curve a) compared with a lamp envelope made of the "lead-containing black- light blue lamp” (curve b) and compared with a lamp envelope made from the known "Filmer” glass (curve c).
  • the reference point is the maintenance at 100 hours. It can be seen that after 2000 hours the maintenance of the "Filmer” glass (curve c) has dropped to approx. 62%, the maintenance of the glass of the "lead-containing black- light blue lamp” (curve b) has dropped to approx. 74%, whereas the maintenance of the glass according to the invention has only dropped to 88%.
  • Figure 4 shows the maintenance of a low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp with a lamp envelope made from a glass with a composition in accordance with the invention as a function of the glass resistivity.
  • the ion mobility in a glass is correlated with its electrical resistivity: a low electrical resistivity resulting in a high ion mobility.
  • the higher the ion mobility the more sodium ions can diffuse to the inner glass surface to react with mercury, a well-known cause of mercury consumption during lamp life time.
  • Mercury consumption leads to a lower lamp maintenance, being the UV output of the lamp relative to its initial output (measured at 100 hours). Overall, it can be stated that the higher the ion mobility, the lower the lamp maintenance.
  • the glass resistivity correlated to the ion mobility, is expressed as the T KlO o, which is the temperature at which the glass has a resistivity of 10 6 Ohm.m. It is noted that the conductivity of glass is temperature-dependent. In general, the higher glass resistivity, the higher the T KlO o will be, or the higher the T KlO o, the higher the lamp maintenance will be.
  • the point referenced “a” refers to the glass composition according to the invention (cf. curve a in Figure 3).
  • the point referenced “b” refers to the glass composition of the "lead-containing black- light blue lamp” (cf. curve b in Figure 3).
  • the point referenced “c” refers to the glass composition of the "Filmer” glass (cf. curve c in Figure 3).
  • Figure 5 shows the transmission (curve a) of the glass of the invention compared with the transmission (curve c) of the known "Filmer” glass. It can be seen that the transmission curves practically overlap.
  • the glass according to the invention is a so-called sodium-poor glass.
  • the known "Filmer” glass has a Na 2 O content in the range of 14 to 18 % by weight, whereas the glass according to the invention has a preferred Na 2 O content in the range of 0.5 to 3 % by weight.
  • the use of a Na-poor glass composition according to the invention significantly reduces the mercury consumption of the lamp during life. The maintenance of the low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp is improved by the use of a sodium-poor glass.
  • the black- light blue lamp according to the invention is used in an apparatus for treatment with radiation for personal care. Filtering of the radiation produced inside the tanning lamp substantially removes the visual radiation emitted by the low- pressure mercury vapor discharge lamps in the apparatus for treatment with radiation for personal care. It thus becomes possible to read a book or to watch an informative program, a film, or any other form of entertainment on a display device, e.g. a standard television set, a liquid crystal display device, or a plasma display device arranged in the interior of the apparatus for treatment with radiation for personal care.
  • a display device e.g. a standard television set, a liquid crystal display device, or a plasma display device arranged in the interior of the apparatus for treatment with radiation for personal care.
  • any reference signs placed between parentheses shall not be construed as limiting the claim.
  • the use of the verb "comprise” and its conjugations does not exclude the presence of elements or steps other than those stated in a claim.
  • the article “a” or “an” preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements.
  • the invention may be implemented by means of hardware comprising several distinct elements and by means of a suitably programmed computer. In the device claim enumerating several means, several of these means may be embodied by one and the same item of hardware.
  • the mere fact that certain measures are recited in mutually different dependent claims does not indicate that a combination of these measures cannot be used to advantage.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une lampe à décharge de vapeur de mercure basse pression qui possède une enveloppe de lampe (10) englobant, de façon étanche aux gaz, un espace de décharge équipé d'un remplissage de mercure et d'un gaz rare. L'enveloppe de lampe comprend des moyens de décharge destinés à maintenir une décharge dans l'espace de décharge. L'enveloppe de lampe transmet des rayons UV et est conçue à partir d'un composant de verre noir. La composition du composant de verre noir est dépourvue de Pbo et comprend, exprimé en pourcentage en poids, les constituants suivants: 65-70 % en poids de SiO2, 1.4-2.2 % en poids de Li2O, 1.5-2.5 % en poids de Na2O, 11-13 % en poids de K2O, 1.8-2.6 % en poids de MgO, 2.5-5 % en poids de CaO, 2-3.5 % en poids de SrO, 8-9.5 % en poids de BaO, 0.2-0.4 % en poids de CoO, et 1.7-3.25 % en poids de NiO. La lampe à décharge de vapeur de mercure basse pression est de préférence utilisée dans un appareil destiné au traitement avec des rayonnements pour des soins personnels.
EP05807144A 2004-11-24 2005-11-21 Lampe a decharge de vapeur de mercure basse pression et appareil de traitement Withdrawn EP1817785A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP05807144A EP1817785A2 (fr) 2004-11-24 2005-11-21 Lampe a decharge de vapeur de mercure basse pression et appareil de traitement

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP04106027 2004-11-24
EP05807144A EP1817785A2 (fr) 2004-11-24 2005-11-21 Lampe a decharge de vapeur de mercure basse pression et appareil de traitement
PCT/IB2005/053842 WO2006056934A2 (fr) 2004-11-24 2005-11-21 Lampe a decharge de vapeur de mercure basse pression et appareil de traitement

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1817785A2 true EP1817785A2 (fr) 2007-08-15

Family

ID=36498337

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05807144A Withdrawn EP1817785A2 (fr) 2004-11-24 2005-11-21 Lampe a decharge de vapeur de mercure basse pression et appareil de traitement

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US7800309B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1817785A2 (fr)
JP (1) JP2008521195A (fr)
CN (2) CN102592949A (fr)
WO (1) WO2006056934A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202011000880U1 (de) * 2011-04-14 2011-06-30 Luxtime Limited, Kwun Tong Schwarzlicht erzeugende UV-Leuchtstoffröhre
CN102503124A (zh) * 2011-09-28 2012-06-20 上海亚明灯泡厂有限公司 一种极低钠无铅玻璃及其应用
US10823982B2 (en) 2014-06-03 2020-11-03 Tsubota Laboratory, Inc. Myopia treatment device
SG11201610000VA (en) 2014-06-03 2016-12-29 Tsubota Lab Inc Myopia prevention article
EP3412259B1 (fr) * 2016-02-01 2021-06-09 Toshiba Materials Co., Ltd. Source lumineuse pour article réduisant la myopie
HUE046633T2 (hu) * 2016-07-08 2020-03-30 Xylem Europe Gmbh Kisnyomású UV higanylámpa amalgám bevonattal

Family Cites Families (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1930057A1 (de) 1969-06-13 1970-12-17 Boehringer Mannheim Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung primaerabhaengiger Polynucleotidphosphorylase
US4048537A (en) * 1976-06-04 1977-09-13 Gte Sylvania Incorporated Protective ultraviolet-transmitting sleeve for fluorescent lamp
DE4300719A1 (de) 1993-01-14 1994-07-21 Imab Stiftung Balzers UV-Licht-Filter
US5391523A (en) 1993-10-27 1995-02-21 Marlor; Richard C. Electric lamp with lead free glass
WO1996021629A1 (fr) 1995-01-13 1996-07-18 Philips Electronics N.V. Composition de verre pour enveloppe de lampe bleue a lumiere noire
JPH08283038A (ja) 1995-04-07 1996-10-29 Nippon Electric Glass Co Ltd 紫外線透過黒色ガラス
DE19514602A1 (de) 1995-04-20 1996-10-24 Uwe Unterwasser Electric Gmbh Bestrahlungseinrichtung
JP3154323B2 (ja) * 1996-01-09 2001-04-09 旭テクノグラス株式会社 紫外線透過黒色ガラス
CN1096431C (zh) * 1996-05-13 2002-12-18 皇家菲利浦电子有限公司 适用于荧光灯的玻璃组合物,由所述玻璃组合物制造的灯泡和用所述玻璃组合物的灯泡装置的荧光灯
US5751007A (en) * 1996-09-05 1998-05-12 Weaver; William C. Method and apparatus for generating a predetermined amount of ozone using ultraviolet light
DE29824438U1 (de) 1998-08-13 2001-01-18 Kratz Josef Gmbh Bräunungsgerät
US6017838A (en) 1998-09-10 2000-01-25 Osram Sylvania Inc. Lead free soft glass having high electrical resistivity
US6614039B2 (en) * 1999-06-23 2003-09-02 Brad C. Hollander Hermetically sealed ultraviolet light source
US6391809B1 (en) * 1999-12-30 2002-05-21 Corning Incorporated Copper alumino-silicate glasses
AU2002214387A1 (en) * 2000-10-12 2002-04-22 Viosol B.V. Glass composition suitable as a container for high-grade natural products and glass products such as sheet glass
JP4767456B2 (ja) 2001-09-04 2011-09-07 Ａｇｃテクノグラス株式会社 照明用ガラス組成物
JP4431718B2 (ja) 2002-01-10 2010-03-17 エル．ライティング、グラス、カンパニー、リミテッド 本質的に無鉛のガラスおよびそれから作製されたガラス管
DE10204149C1 (de) 2002-02-01 2003-07-10 Schott Glas Erdalkalialuminosilicatglas für Lampenkolben sowie Verwendung
EP1514296A1 (fr) * 2002-06-06 2005-03-16 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Lampe a vapeur de mercure basse pression
WO2004005208A1 (fr) 2002-07-08 2004-01-15 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Lampe electrique comprenant un composant en verre

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2006056934A2 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN102592949A (zh) 2012-07-18
WO2006056934A2 (fr) 2006-06-01
CN101065821A (zh) 2007-10-31
US20090146569A1 (en) 2009-06-11
US7800309B2 (en) 2010-09-21
JP2008521195A (ja) 2008-06-19
WO2006056934A3 (fr) 2007-02-08

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP4159708B2 (ja) ランプ用ガラス組成物、ランプ用ステムおよびランプ用バルブ
US5612263A (en) Glass composition for a lamp envelope of a black light blue lamp
CN101223115B (zh) 灯用玻璃组合物、灯用玻璃部件、灯以及灯用玻璃组合物的制造方法
US7800309B2 (en) Low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp and apparatus for treatment
EP0842127B1 (fr) Composition de verre utilisable dans une lampe fluorescente, enveloppe de lampe fabriquee a partir de cette compositon de verre et lampe fluorescente pourvue d&#39;une enveloppe de lampe ayant cette composition de verre
JP2004315279A (ja) 蛍光ランプ用ガラス
US20070138965A1 (en) Low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp
CA2491945C (fr) Lampe electrique comprenant un composant en verre
JP2003171141A (ja) 照明用ガラス組成物およびそれを用いた蛍光ランプ
US20050194905A1 (en) Low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp
JP4767456B2 (ja) 照明用ガラス組成物
JP2003040643A (ja) 照明用ガラス組成物
JP2004315280A (ja) 蛍光ランプ用ガラス
JP2007297273A (ja) ランプ用ガラス組成物、ランプ用ステムおよびランプ用バルブ
JP2008024564A (ja) ランプ用ガラスの製造方法、ランプ用ガラス、ランプ用ガラス管およびランプ
JP2006321686A (ja) ランプ用ガラス組成物、ランプ用ガラス管およびランプ

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: AL BA HR MK YU

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20070808

RBV Designated contracting states (corrected)

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)
17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20120307

RAP1 Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred)

Owner name: KONINKLIJKE PHILIPS N.V.

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

RIC1 Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant

Ipc: H01J 61/30 20060101AFI20140730BHEP

INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20140812

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN

18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 20141223