EP1812164A2 - Element broyeur et moulins a corps de broyage, melangeurs, extrudeuses et vis sans fin de presses equipes de tels elements broyeurs - Google Patents

Element broyeur et moulins a corps de broyage, melangeurs, extrudeuses et vis sans fin de presses equipes de tels elements broyeurs

Info

Publication number
EP1812164A2
EP1812164A2 EP05794312A EP05794312A EP1812164A2 EP 1812164 A2 EP1812164 A2 EP 1812164A2 EP 05794312 A EP05794312 A EP 05794312A EP 05794312 A EP05794312 A EP 05794312A EP 1812164 A2 EP1812164 A2 EP 1812164A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
grinding
elements
body according
sectors
sector
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP05794312A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Ulrich c/o Welldone BECH
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Welldone Weartec NV
Original Assignee
Welldone Weartec NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Welldone Weartec NV filed Critical Welldone Weartec NV
Publication of EP1812164A2 publication Critical patent/EP1812164A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21D—TREATMENT OF THE MATERIALS BEFORE PASSING TO THE PAPER-MAKING MACHINE
    • D21D1/00—Methods of beating or refining; Beaters of the Hollander type
    • D21D1/20—Methods of refining
    • D21D1/30—Disc mills
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C7/00—Crushing or disintegrating by disc mills
    • B02C7/11—Details
    • B02C7/12—Shape or construction of discs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/22—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor
    • B30B11/24—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor using screws or worms
    • B30B11/246—Screw constructions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/02—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material
    • B30B9/12—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using pressing worms or screws co-operating with a permeable casing
    • B30B9/121—Screw constructions
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21D—TREATMENT OF THE MATERIALS BEFORE PASSING TO THE PAPER-MAKING MACHINE
    • D21D1/00—Methods of beating or refining; Beaters of the Hollander type
    • D21D1/20—Methods of refining
    • D21D1/22—Jordans
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21D—TREATMENT OF THE MATERIALS BEFORE PASSING TO THE PAPER-MAKING MACHINE
    • D21D1/00—Methods of beating or refining; Beaters of the Hollander type
    • D21D1/20—Methods of refining
    • D21D1/30—Disc mills
    • D21D1/306—Discs

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a grinding element, for example for mills, mixers, extruders and press screws.
  • Mills and mixers are built in large numbers and with different grinding plates for different end products and different intermediate stages in a row.
  • the grinding plates on the grinding disc are made of a chill casting alloy, which are given sufficient hardness by chromium carbides to meet the requirements for wear. With conventional machines and when processing pure wood pulp at medium speeds, this results in satisfactory operation with revision intervals of 6-10 months.
  • the quality of the milled fibers is clearly determined by the ribbed geometry of the grinding plates, which provide a spiral flow of material across the fins to the outlet. It creates a pumping or pressing action. This effect is primarily sought in press screws and extruders. At the same time an intimate, uniform mixing of the filled substance is always achieved. Because this is composed heterogeneous.
  • the working gaps are so small that they are within the range of the elastic reactions of the machine: Smallest changes in the vibration behavior of the grinder caused by changes in the material properties can therefore cause severe wear of the grinding disks or even the destruction of the machine.
  • Object of the present invention is to propose a refining element, which has a longer service life. Yet another goal is to propose a grinding media with a grinding element, which delivers the desired grinding quality from the beginning. Another goal is to propose a roller, cone or grinding disc grinder, which is inexpensive to produce and has a long service life. Still another object is to provide machines, in particular grinding devices such as refiner for paper, extruders for plastics and ceramics, press worms for wet fibers, lignite, peat, beet pulp etc., which have long service intervals. It is desirable if it can be dispensed with particularly expensive and expensive controls.
  • the object is achieved in that at least two fastening elements are provided on the opposite surface of the working surface for fixing the grinding element in corresponding holes of a supporting body, which have undercuts, beads and / or corners.
  • These grinding elements have the advantage that the Fixing elements allow a secure attachment to a support body, so that even large lateral forces can be absorbed.
  • the grinding elements allow a modular construction of grinding disks, so that the properties of the individual grinding sectors can be better tuned than in known grinding disks with chilled cast iron plates.
  • Through holes are advantageously provided in the elements, which holes can be used for injecting water or dewatering. As a result, the resulting water from the decomposition of fibers can be removed quickly.
  • the holes are formed as slots with diffuser-like outlet.
  • the proposed novel grinding elements have the advantage that the grinding elements can be produced in the powder press molding process or preferably in the powder injection molding process (PIM). This makes it possible to produce the grinding elements inexpensively.
  • the grinding elements are expediently surface-compacted (by duplex coating: diffused ion-nitriding + IBAD, ion beam-assisted deposit of WC-Co, TiN, DLC etc.). This allows the production of very resistant grinding elements with high temperature resistance.
  • a first type of grinding element is made of high temperature resistant materials.
  • These may be, for example, grinding elements made of cemented carbide and mixed with high-temperature carbides, high-temperature (mixed carbides, nitrides or borides or mixtures thereof with a cobalt matrix, preferably the first type of grinding element made of hard metal with WC, TiC, SiC-SiN, if appropriate also borides or similar hard phase formers with eutectic matrix type Ni / Co-Cr-V-Nb-B-Si-C.
  • Such grinding elements are characterized by a good high temperature resistance of better than 2000 0 C, preferably better than 2500 0 C, and especially preferably better than 2800 0 C.
  • a second type of grinding element is provided, made of ceramic materials.
  • This second type can be made of inexpensive materials.
  • One possible composition of the refining element is, for example, Si-Al-Zr oxide.
  • the second type of grinding element can be made of pressed carbon fibers, optionally with DLC coating.
  • the subject matter of the present invention is also a grinding body with grinding elements according to the invention, which is characterized in that drilling or punching holes are provided in the supporting body, and that the grinding elements are received in a form-fitting manner with the fastening elements in the drilling or punching holes.
  • the fit can be done by encapsulation with materials that have a lower melting point than the grinding elements and Supporting body resp. Support plate.
  • Such grinding media have the advantage that the grinding elements can be exchanged quickly by heating them.
  • the grinding elements composed of individual grinding elements can be optimized in geometry and material properties. As a result, thermal residual stresses can be avoided, for example, on the support surfaces.
  • the preparation of the grinding elements with the fastening elements can be made of high-strength sintered materials, in powder molding, preferably powder injection molding (PIM).
  • PIM powder injection molding
  • These (single) grinding elements are conveniently fastened by means of their fasteners on perforated support plates form-fitting manner.
  • the grinding elements can therefore be changed easily and quickly.
  • fasteners are molded with plastic, glued or soldered.
  • the encapsulation of the fasteners has the advantage that they are firmly anchored in the support body.
  • the first type of grinding element in the support body is inserted by co-sintering of grinding element and carrier, preferably by two-step pressing of grinding elements and supporting body in the same mold (powder molding or PIM process). It is expedient, if the first type of compacted refining element is incorporated on a supporting body of such geometry, that it is possible to weld / staple to working surfaces of apparatus without extending the heat affected zone into the refining element.
  • the fasteners are inserted with beads and / or corners by cold pressing in the holes of the support body low-stress.
  • This embodiment has the advantage that the fasteners can not solve their fixings.
  • a preferred embodiment provides that grinding elements of the first and second types are provided on the support body.
  • This has the advantage that the different areas of a refining plate can be equipped with different grinding properties.
  • a plurality of refining elements of the same type are each adjacent to each other to form sectors with certain grinding characteristics, or the plurality of refining elements form working edges with the same characteristics.
  • the grinding element in the material flow direction has at least two sectors occupied by grinding elements of the first or second type.
  • a plurality of individual grinding elements is arranged on carrier plates, which correspond in size to the size of conventional chilled cast iron plates.
  • carrier plates can be used with the refining elements in place of the conventional chill grinding plates.
  • the grinding elements according to the invention are arranged directly on a housing wall, for example, of an extruder or on a rotor carrier disk can, the use of an additional support plate or a support body has the advantage that the grinding elements can be pre-assembled on these.
  • the grinding elements can be replaced with a lower Aurwand, because the carrier plates with the grinding elements can be placed directly in an oven to melt the solder or other materials with relatively low melting point, which can be used for releasably securing the grinding elements to the support plate ,
  • a first sector is occupied by grinding elements which ensure "emergency running properties.”
  • the surface of this first sector preferably projects beyond the surfaces of the adjacent sectors by a certain distance
  • the first sector can be detached from the grinding elements of a second, preferably adjacent, sector, so that the first sector forms a so-called scraper protection, thereby avoiding grinding elements or entire refining plates being destroyed if they should touch during operation.
  • the mating surface can also be m be occupied Mahlemia, or be formed by a stationary wall with or without structuring (slats or the like).
  • each one sector of refractory refractory elements serves as anti-stripping. This means that there is a smaller working gap in the area of this sector, so that other sectors are protected with grinding elements.
  • the runflat grind element (multiple like elements may be grouped into sectors) is preferably made of a friction wear resistant material having a fine-grained structure yet having residual toughness.
  • the grinding element of the first type can be made with a greater strength than grinding elements of the second type.
  • the other grinding elements of the second and third sector may consist of low-cost ceramic elements. It can do that first described grinding element be the middle sector and the surface of the first grinding element be deposited from the surfaces of the other two (second) grinding elements.
  • This embodiment is particularly suitable for "high-speed refiner" paper mills with grinding discs with optimized to the desired functions annular sectors.
  • the middle sector is offset from the surfaces of the inner and outer sectors. The middle sector has "runflat" properties and therefore has the function of anti-squeal protection, which prevents the other sectors from sticking together during operation.
  • the grinding body has a carrier plate on which a plurality of first and / or second grinding elements is arranged.
  • This carrier plate may correspond to the size of known integral chilled cast segments.
  • This is a completely different construction compared to conventional grinding media in which the integral chilled cast segments are divided into a plurality of individual grinding elements.
  • Use grinding elements such as powder injection molding (PIM).
  • PIM powder injection molding
  • the fastening elements can be molded directly to the grinding elements.
  • the individual grinding elements on the rear side advantageously have fastening members which can be positively connected or connected to the supporting body.
  • the pressure-loaded surfaces can remain low-stress.
  • the fastening members are dovetail-shaped feet, which are received in holes of the carrier body, preferably round holes with a top conical bore.
  • the feet may be polygonal shaped to limit horizontal stresses in the plastic material of the Tragenia- material.
  • the support body can in turn have precise cylinder hollow pins, which can anchor the fastening elements, for example in a rotor, but at the same time allow a quick exchange.
  • molded tabs are possible, which are fastened to the rotor with short, detachable weld seams.
  • the sectors are expediently covered with a plurality of grinding elements which have surface structures as are well known to the person skilled in the art.
  • surface structuring of the sector parts eg ribbed Geometries with channels of a few millimeters depth ensure the digestion of pulp into the thinnest possible fibers and the outflow of the substance.
  • Such trained grinding elements can also be referred to as lamellar elements or lamellar body.
  • these lamellar elements of the sectors are produced by the powder injection molding process (PIM) or by powder pressing, if necessary hot isostatic pressing (HIP: hot isostatic pressing).
  • the dovetail-shaped, optionally angular feet received in the holes are encapsulated with plastic or glued or soldered (or directly co-sintered with liquid phase, see above).
  • This has the advantage that the anchoring can be done positively and very quickly.
  • the removal of the grinding elements can be done by heating the grinding media.
  • the welded connection of the carrier plate can be released.
  • the grinding elements are expediently designed as lamellar bodies with surface structuring, produced by powder presses or PIM.
  • the outer sectors are designed as carrier plates with martensitaushärtenden or outsourced duplex steels - precisely drilled as a screen plate segment according to known technology.
  • the carrier plate can also be produced as a stamped part (FIG. 21c) with cold-pressed tapered holes.
  • the advantage lies in the favorable expansion coefficient and in the much higher yield strength with sufficient corrosion protection, sufficient toughness can be adjusted. This allows weight reduction and thus lower centrifugal forces and higher working speeds.
  • a support plate On the rotor, a support plate may be arranged with holes and screw holes for knobbed feet. Screw holes allow a direct recording of grinding resp. Slat elements that can be changed without rotor removal.
  • the stator-side grinding media can be provided with holes for controlling the water content.
  • the lamellar bodies may have holes in the dimpled feet, which may permit water injection or drainage without losing active surface (FIGS. 18, 19). It is possible to press the holes in slot form without additional effort, which offers procedural advantages. Behind the slot, a diffuser-like opening of the holes can be pressed, which avoids blockages.
  • the subject matter of the present invention is also a mill, in particular high-speed refiner for paper stock, with grinding elements according to one of claims 1 to 31.
  • the carrier plate can be connected to the rotor by cylindrical hollow pins (FIGS. 6-10) or by a detachable welded connection.
  • tabs can allow points for detachable welded joints, which avoid a heat affected zone, in the area of the knobbed feet of the elements.
  • the stator-side grinding media can be provided with holes for controlling the water content.
  • the lamellar bodies (grinding elements) can have holes in the dimpled feet, which can allow water injection or drainage without losing active surface.
  • the rotor can be designed as a disk, cone or roller.
  • Another object of the present invention is a mill with grinding bodies with radially different sectors, which is characterized in that an annular Sector is made of high temperature resistant materials and has "emergency running properties".
  • the gap width between the opposing grinding elements with emergency running properties is smaller than the gap width between the other grinding elements. This has the advantage that the sector with runflat properties prevents a sticking together and thus damage to the other sectors. This results in much longer service life of the grinding plates and also better quality results for the ground product.
  • Figure 1 Schematically a plan view of a traditional trained as a disc
  • FIG. 2 shows the disk rotor of FIG. 1 in longitudinal section
  • FIG 3 Schematically the known rotor of Figure 2 on an enlarged scale and in section (prior art).
  • Figure 4 shows a first embodiment of a disc rotor with a support plate and arranged thereon inventive grinding elements in section;
  • FIG. 5 shows a section of the rotor disk of FIG. 4 on an enlarged scale
  • Support plate for lamellar elements possibly attached to the rotor with cylindrical hollow pins
  • FIG. 6 Schematically and in longitudinal section, on a supporting body. arranged
  • FIG. 7 Schematically and in cross-section the refining element of Figure 6;
  • Figure 8 The refining element of Figure 6 in plan view
  • FIG. 9 shows a second exemplary embodiment of a grinding element according to the invention with (water) passages
  • FIG. 10 shows a section through the refining element of FIG. 9 along the line AA;
  • FIG 11 Schematic arrangement of grinding media for any mills: Double-flow refiner with housing and a conical rotor;
  • Figure 12 schematically in section a screw extruder with a rotor housed in a cylindrical housing (screw), wherein the screw helix is designed as a grinding body with arranged on the screw spiral grinding elements;
  • Figure 13 is a section through screw rotor Figure 12;
  • FIG. 14 a dewatering press screw with grinding elements according to the invention
  • Figure 15 is a plug screw with drainage capability
  • FIG. 16 shows an extruder with different refining elements according to the invention
  • Figure 17 is a plan view of the working surface (slats) of a refining element according to the invention.
  • FIG. 18 shows a section through a grinding element with a grinding element consisting only of hard metal lamellae, which is directly connected to the carrier plate by co-sintering, respectively. is embedded in this;
  • FIG. 19 shows a further embodiment of a grinding body with a (water) passage between the lamellae
  • Figure 20 shows an extruder screw rotor with a helical flight
  • Figure 21a shows an embodiment of an extruder element with a
  • FIG. 21b shows a plan view of the extruder element:
  • Figure 21c is a plan view of a stamped carrier plate.
  • a known rotor 11 (FIGS. 1 to 3) used in a grinder has a mounting surface which is occupied by a plurality of chill cast plates 16.
  • the chilled cast iron plates 16 are connected by means of screws or bolts 17 directly to the underlying rotor carrier disk 15.
  • the chilled cast iron plates 16 are arranged in the radial direction (arrow 21) in three ring sectors. The arrangement in ring sectors is necessary because it is expensive to manufacture, the chilled cast iron plates 12,13,14 produce in larger dimensions and in the required accuracy.
  • the rotor 25 now differs from the known in that ring sectors 31, 33 and 37 are provided which at least partially consist of different materials (not only chilled cast metal). In addition, there is a sector with emergency running features, which the surpassed other sectors. In the exemplary embodiment shown with three ring sectors 31, 33, 37, for example, the middle ring sector 33 projects beyond the two other ring sectors 31 and 37 (FIGS. 4 and 5). As will be explained in more detail below, the ring sector 33 has "emergency running properties.” Each sector 31, 33, 37 consists of a multiplicity of individual grinding elements 41. These grinding elements 41 are arranged on a carrier plate 51, which in turn is connected to the rotor Carrier disc 25. It is conceivable that the carrier plate is formed by the rotor carrier disc.
  • the rotor 25 is spaced from a stationary grinding disc (not shown in the figures), which may be of similar construction to the rotor carrier disc 25, i. can be occupied with the same grinding elements.
  • FIG. 11 shows, for example, that the grinding elements can be used in a conical grinder (left and right sides of FIG. 11 show conical rotors 25a arranged in a conical grinding housing 26.)
  • the grinding angle 41 can be different both on the rotor 25a 12 shows an embodiment which has a conical rotor 25b with grinding elements 41 which have a working surface with a lamellar structure or a smooth working surface Passage be provided 42 (see Fig. 9).
  • each sector consists of a plurality of individual grinding elements 41.
  • Each sector can be formed from a plurality of carrier plates, on each of which a plurality of grinding elements is arranged.
  • These grinding elements 41 are generally smaller than the conventional chilled cast iron plates of known rotors. This means that a plurality of grinding elements 41 occur instead of a conventional chilled cast iron plate.
  • the grinding elements 41 have a working surface 38, in which trenches 40 are incorporated, so that a lamellar structure is produced.
  • mounting feet are provided on the working surface 38 opposite mounting side 36 mounting feet are provided. These can be dovetail-shaped (foot 44), polygonal (FIG. 10: foot 46) or rectangular with beads (FIG. 10) on average.
  • Individual cylindrical feet 45 can be designed for precise fixing of the grinding elements 41 on the support plate 51 without undercuts.
  • the grinding elements 41 are arranged on a carrier plate 51.
  • This can be a kind of intermediate plate with a sieve structure.
  • the screen structure consists of a multiplicity of holes 50 (FIGS. 5 and 21) which serve to receive the fastening feet 45, 46, 47, 48 of the grinding elements 41.
  • the hollow pins 53 are received in 2ylindrischer recesses 65 on the underside of the support plate 51.
  • the formation of the mounting feet 44 with an undercut, such as dovetails, has the advantage of secure attachment with it.
  • the design polygonal or rectangular with beads (feet 46 or 48) allows a positive interference fit by local, plastic flow of the support plate, without the overall high residual stresses in the element.
  • an undercut having fastening (studded) feet with plastic 67 overmoulded, glued or potted by means of a solder see below description of Figures 17 to 19).
  • the hollow pins 53 are used to attach the support plate 51, for example, on a known rotor disk 15.
  • the hollow pins 53 may be distributed so that they match the pattern of mounting holes in conventional rotor disks. This has the advantage that rotors with conventional chilled cast metal plates can be equipped with new grinding elements according to the invention.
  • FIGS. 4, 5, 9 are characterized in that drainage channels 42 are provided in the mowing elements 41.
  • hollow pins 54 may be added, so that a drainage through the hollow pins. 54 is possible.
  • the drainage channels 42 extend through the mounting feet. This makes it possible that a liquid millbase can be dewatered during the grinding or digestion process.
  • the connection between the grinding element 41 and the carrier plate 51 takes place by means of a solder 55.
  • the solder 55 can be inserted or glued into grooves 66 of the hollow pin 54 (FIG. 9, bottom view of the hollow pin 54).
  • the mounting feet are formed so that the outer diameter of the inner diameter of the Holes substantially coincides.
  • screws which are received in bores which are otherwise used as water passages. These are then cut as a thread and fall out as a water passage.
  • FIG. 14 shows a dewatering press screw in which the screw 27 and housing wall 26 are occupied by grinding elements 41 according to the invention.
  • the grinding elements 41 may be equipped with drainage channels 42.
  • FIG. 15 shows a plug screw, on whose housing wall 26 anti-rotation strips 69 are attached. These are designed so that they are occupied with grinding elements 41 with drainage channels 42.
  • the drainage channels 42 communicate with a central drainage channel 56. In operation, liquid can be withdrawn through the drainage channel 56.
  • the extruder according to FIG. 16 is characterized in that grinding elements 41 with rectangular feet (only indicated in the figure) are arranged on the extruder screw.
  • the grinding elements 41 can be made smooth without lamellae.
  • the grinding elements are designed with overlaps in the material flow direction.
  • FIGS. 17 to 19 show a further embodiment of a grinding element 41 according to the invention, which has fins 58 made of hard metal.
  • the fins 58 preferably have corrugations on the underside (not visible in the figure).
  • These fins 58 are overmolded with a carrier plate 51.
  • the fins 58 and the carrier plate 51 are then sintered together (co-sintered).
  • the working surface of the fins 58 is optionally surface-compacted by duplex coating (layer 57).
  • the reference numeral 60, the connection surface between the support plate 51 and the fins 58 is designated.
  • the grinding element thus formed may optionally be fixed to a rotor or housing by means of a welding bead 61. This grinding body is characterized by a very compact design, in which grinding element and carrier plate are virtually one piece.
  • FIG. 19 shows a refining element, where the water passage 42 is arranged between the fins 58.
  • the inlet can be formed by außlege hard metal plate with diffuser 62 his (slit-shaped diffuser).
  • Figures 20 and 21 show an exemplary embodiment of the high pressure part of a press screw.
  • the invention will be explained in more detail below by way of example with reference to a high-speed refiner having three annular sectors 31, 33, 37 from inside to outside (FIG. 4, 5).
  • the grinding media are here as Mahlplatten on an extremely fast-running disc rotor executed (first extreme case).
  • the disc rotor may be cooled by injecting water.
  • the other extreme case is a slow-running press screw, the moist pulp dewaters (raw lignite 40% water content -, beet pulp, paper pulp and the like); as well a press-screw extruder for glass fiber or rock wool containing plastics.
  • the inner sector 31 is the place where the still coarse material (possibly with ceramic admixtures) must be slowly digested from the inlet ago.
  • the working gap can therefore be higher than in the middle sector 33.
  • the rotational speed of the inner sector is smaller than the rotational speed of the middle and outer sectors. Steam bubbles and cavitation therefore do not play a role.
  • the coarse infeed and ceramic filler material must be digested. With regard to material design can therefore be used for the grinding elements chilled with high hardness, but still existing residual toughness (impact energy). Corrosion resistance may be considered in the alloy such that sufficient free chromium is available for the formation of solid oxide layers on the surface in the metal matrix.
  • high temperature carbide formers such as V or Nb can be added. Therefore, the matrix will contain sufficient free chromium even with weight-based chromium contents of 24-28%, if the high carbon content is set by special carbides (like V or Nb etc.).
  • the design of the inner sector 31 is preferably to be made so that the oxide removal by Tribox (abrasion of constantly newly formed, not sufficiently solid mixed oxides at the surface) is reduced.
  • Tribox abrasion of constantly newly formed, not sufficiently solid mixed oxides at the surface
  • the micrograin bonding of the carbon through V, Nb or other metals is characterized by the matrix becoming firm and tough and sufficient metallic chromium remaining in the matrix so that the desired impact energy can be achieved.
  • shots peening directed shot peening
  • compressive stresses are generated. These prevent or delay microcracking.
  • the lamellae of Mahlelementober Assembly are preferably tough and resistant to fatigue microcracks formed. The working edges are suitably solidified cold, so they are not susceptible to cracking.
  • the inner sector may extend to a subsequent annular injection zone for 'makeup' water.
  • the injection of make-up water is expedient, since the internal high frictional loss causes the aqueous pulp to partially evaporate.
  • the systems are therefore under pressure.
  • Larger amounts of water must be injected if the outer sectors are to contain water in the form of wet steam mixture.
  • the lamellar elements must be made resistant.
  • the wear processes are similar to those in pumps and wet steam turbines (cavitation, droplet impact) - enhanced by frictional oxidation (Tribox) due to the introduced ceramic fillers (similar to mud dumps).
  • the middle sector 33 of the rotor disk is preferably embossed with high temperature resistance.
  • the high-temperature resistance can be achieved by the incorporation of tough-bonded metal carbides.
  • High temperature carbides endure the incipient vapor bubble and drop formation.
  • the incorporation of high temperature carbides, e.g. WC, TiC, SiC-SiN, possibly also borides or similar hard phase formers, in the finest grain size make this sector corrosion and heat resistant, so that a partial rubbing on this sector does not cause catastrophic damage.
  • powder-pressed grinding elements 41 made of Ti-stabilized tungsten carbide in cobalt (used in rock drill bits as 'mining bits' usual) form individual sector parts with emergency running properties. These sector parts having a melting temperature of preferably. > 2500 0 C do not crack or melt during the development of frictional heat. Accordingly, this is. Sector used for the defined distance.
  • the considerable lateral forces on the grinding elements can be absorbed by appropriate fastening elements, eg knobbed feet.
  • the attachment of the studded feet can be done by a distortion-free low-temperature soldering.
  • an encapsulation of the knobbed feet is conceivable.
  • Such grinding elements of complicated geometry can be manufactured inexpensively and precisely by PIM (Powder Injection Molding).
  • PIM Powder Injection Molding
  • the various grinding elements that form a sector can be produced fully automatically in large series on existing plastic injection molding machines. Only minor (wear-protective) conversions are necessary to prepare them for the production of the inventive sector parts.
  • the middle sector 33 is characterized in that it operates with the lowest working gap and thus has surface contact as the first sector when the rotor disks are not completely avoidable. Due to the hard body properties, this rubbing can be tolerated for process irregularities for a short time, since the friction generated quickly generated temperature of> 2000 0 C due to the high melting point of the carbide-containing material (WC, etc.) of> 2800 0 C safely (emergency running properties). As a result, the entry of metal particles by wear, in particular the entry of easily oxidizable iron in the fine paper material is avoided.
  • the properties of lamella bodies made of pressed carbon fibers - as provided in the outer ring - make them appear suitable for the middle ring, if the material to be processed is not too high demands.
  • the outer sector 37 of the rotor disk with the highest-loaded grinding elements can be made of much cheaper ceramic lamellar bodies. Shaping is also possible with PIM (Si-Al-Zr oxide).
  • the outer sector 37 may also be made of pressed and sintered Keramik ⁇ or carbon fibers. Especially for carbon fibers can be applied in addition to the working edges DLC (diamond like carbon) directed (prior art).
  • the grinding elements 41 of the outer, annular sector 37 can also be glued and / or screwed directly onto the rotor. Thanks to the light materials used, much higher speeds can be achieved with the same forces than with conventional refiner plates made of a carbide casting.
  • An advantage of the modular grinding plates is that experience shows that optimum edge geometries can be pressed at no extra cost. Because it is possible to determine an optimal working edge geometry for the shape of the ceramic parts and implement them directly by injection molding. As a result, optimal operating conditions can be achieved for more than 90% of the operating time.
  • the grinding elements with knobbed feet can be inserted into drill holes in the carrier plate and, for example, molded or glued from behind in precise position with high-strength plastic. This can already happen at temperatures below 150 0 C. Stripping of the outer sector can be excluded by the middle sector.
  • the outer sector 37 is characterized in that it contains inexpensively interchangeable segments or sector parts. It can also be used here elements of pressed carbon fibers, DLC possibly coated (diamond like carbon). The low specific weight allows the direct attachment of the sector parts on the rotor plate and thus even higher speeds at lower centrifugal forces. If necessary, the elements can be mounted directly on the drilled rotor disk.
  • the outer sector may also consist of carrier plate segments which are connected to the hub via a grid of short pins.
  • the outer rotor disc (carrier plate 51) can be made as a screen and easily changed.
  • the outer sector can be formed from ceramic material grinding elements which best endure the high-speed droplet impact that is unavoidable in the outer sector as well as the fretting wear due to the fillers.
  • the ceramic grinding elements 41 can also be inexpensively manufactured precisely in the PIM process.
  • As the material a more favorable ceramic compound such as e.g. Si-Al-Zr oxide, to be used in the middle sector.
  • the attachment is done as in the other sector parts preferably by Noppenfuße.
  • the outer sector 37 may consist of cost-exchangeable refining elements 41: the outer sector of a high-speed refiner accounts for more than 70% of the grinding capacity. Due to the optimized material properties and geometry of the outer sector parts, a high product quality can be ensured for more than 90% of the operating time. For particularly high speeds and centrifugal forces also grinding elements made of pressed carbon fibers, possibly with "diamond-like-carbon" (DLC Due to the low specific weight of the sector parts used, the centrifugal forces are lower, and the speed and thus the performance can be increased.
  • the light outer grinding elements can also be applied directly to the rotor disk, which can therefore be slim and light be designed, for example, manufactured as a screen disc or sieve segments.
  • grinding elements are: Flexible construction of the rotor system in a high-speed grinder (High Speed Refiner) and suitability for a wide variety of starting materials and end products. Mills with the inventive grinding elements and grinding media allow an additional power of up to 20-40% with> 20% power savings. The product quality is also higher and more uniform than with conventional grinding wheels. Retrofitting of existing mills is possible in many cases and allows a broad service business.
  • the grinding media can be mounted here both on the working edges of the screw and on the wiper strips of the housing (FIG. 14).
  • In the grinding media of the conical, possibly cylindrical housing are holes under the grinding elements 42 (Fig. 9), these serve for dewatering, since the Raw material contains 40-60% water and is to be dewatered for the subsequent production steps. During cooking or drying, evaporation energy is thus saved. The largely dehydrated material is then squeezed out through the mouthpiece and processed compactly.
  • the inventive grinding elements are here mounted on the working edges of the screw and on the entire circumference of the housing.
  • the assembly of the grinding elements, which serve here as working edges for the screws, can be carried out on a stamped carrier plate, which has lateral outlets for press water from the high-pressure region near the outer edge. Extended lugs are punched out between the outlets, which can be bent over and used for fastening by short, detachable weld beads (see Figures 20 and 21)
  • the optimum lamellar shape of the surface 38 for the respective substance can significantly favor the material flow and in the decisive area between Screw working edge and housing grooves ensure optimum pressure conditions for drainage.
  • the work gaps remain stable due to the carbide grinding media for a long service life. The standstill and conversion costs are thereby reduced.
  • the usual designs have welded Sch ⁇ eckenkanten and a housing screen made of stainless steel with grooves and drainage holes, which round off quickly at the edges. This leads to blockages and stoppages.
  • the inventive grinding elements are used here to protect both the working edge of the extruder screw and the inner wall of the housing.
  • the arbitrarily malleable grinding elements are here for some applications without drainage holes such as 42 executed.
  • the grinding elements are designed with overlaps in the material flow direction, 49.
  • the tolerances are to be kept within a range that allows production by the powder injection process (PIM) without post-processing.
  • PIM powder injection process
  • a directed lamellar structure of the surface can bring significant process advantages (service life and material handling).

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention a pour objet un élément broyeur pour moulins, mélangeurs et vis sans fin qui sont utilisés, de préférence, pour le broyage et le traitement de la pâte à papier et des matières plastiques renfermant des charges céramiques, d'autres matières fibreuses, telles que lignite brut, cossettes de betteraves et analogues. Les éléments broyeurs présentent, sur la partie de fixation (36) opposée à la surface de travail (38), pour la fixation de l'élément broyeur (41) dans des trous correspondants d'une pièce support, au moins deux éléments de fixation qui peuvent présenter des contre-dépouilles (44), des moulures et/ou des coins. De tels éléments broyeurs peuvent être montés sur les rotors des raffineurs à grande vitesse. Ces rotors présentent des secteurs annulaires qui peuvent être composés d'une pluralité d'éléments broyeurs individuels. Différentes tâches sont imparties aux secteurs annulaires individuels. Un secteur médian est formé de carbures métalliques encastrés de force, de manière à être immobilisés, résistants aux températures élevées, présentant des propriétés de fonctionnement en cas d'urgence, lorsqu'il se produit un frottement du disque de broyage. En prévoyant un espace de travail légèrement plus étroit dans la zone de ce secteur, les secteurs voisins sont protégés d'un frottement et peuvent être formés par des éléments broyeurs (corps feuilletés) en céramique ou en fibres de carbone compressées, d'un coût avantageux et de construction modulaire. Ces corps feuilletés peuvent être obtenus en fabrication série de précision, suivant un procédé de moulage par injection de poudre (PIM : powder injection moulding) et compression dans une plaque support en forme de tamis, ayant une géométrie optimisée pour chaque utilisateur. Ces corps feuilletés sont interchangeables facilement et rapidement.
EP05794312A 2004-10-21 2005-10-21 Element broyeur et moulins a corps de broyage, melangeurs, extrudeuses et vis sans fin de presses equipes de tels elements broyeurs Withdrawn EP1812164A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH17392004 2004-10-21
PCT/IB2005/003146 WO2006043162A2 (fr) 2004-10-21 2005-10-21 Element broyeur et moulins a corps de broyage, melangeurs, extrudeuses et vis sans fin de presses equipes de tels elements broyeurs

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EP1812164A2 true EP1812164A2 (fr) 2007-08-01

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Country Link
US (1) US20090045278A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1812164A2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2585070A1 (fr)
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AT507724B1 (de) 2008-12-23 2011-03-15 Andritz Ag Maschf Vorrichtung für die zerkleinerung eines zellulosehältigen aufgabegutes
CN102527468A (zh) * 2010-12-20 2012-07-04 朱华平 组合式破碎辊
CN104084259B (zh) * 2014-08-01 2017-02-22 张珂 一种辊子及其辊压装置
DE202017100135U1 (de) * 2017-01-12 2018-04-15 Valmet Ab Refinerscheibensegment
US11660661B2 (en) 2017-01-12 2023-05-30 Valmet Ab Method for producing a refiner disc segment
CN112705328A (zh) * 2020-12-11 2021-04-27 王煜雅 一种铝电解槽衬废阴极炭块破碎装置

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2006043162A2 (fr) 2006-04-27
CA2585070A1 (fr) 2006-04-27
US20090045278A1 (en) 2009-02-19
WO2006043162A3 (fr) 2006-06-22

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