EP1811538A2 - Magnetisch betätigte Kennzeichnungsvorrichtung - Google Patents

Magnetisch betätigte Kennzeichnungsvorrichtung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1811538A2
EP1811538A2 EP07100936A EP07100936A EP1811538A2 EP 1811538 A2 EP1811538 A2 EP 1811538A2 EP 07100936 A EP07100936 A EP 07100936A EP 07100936 A EP07100936 A EP 07100936A EP 1811538 A2 EP1811538 A2 EP 1811538A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
microswitches
receiver
transmitter
circuit
magnetic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07100936A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1811538A3 (de
Inventor
Laurent Chiesi
Benoît Grappe
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schneider Electric Industries SAS
Original Assignee
Schneider Electric Industries SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schneider Electric Industries SAS filed Critical Schneider Electric Industries SAS
Publication of EP1811538A2 publication Critical patent/EP1811538A2/de
Publication of EP1811538A3 publication Critical patent/EP1811538A3/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H36/00—Switches actuated by change of magnetic field or of electric field, e.g. by change of relative position of magnet and switch, by shielding
    • H01H36/0006—Permanent magnet actuating reed switches
    • H01H36/0046—Limit switches, also fail-safe operation or anti-tamper considerations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H36/00—Switches actuated by change of magnetic field or of electric field, e.g. by change of relative position of magnet and switch, by shielding
    • H01H2036/0093—Micromechanical switches actuated by a change of the magnetic field
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/005—Details of electromagnetic relays using micromechanics
    • H01H2050/007—Relays of the polarised type, e.g. the MEMS relay beam having a preferential magnetisation direction

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a magnetic control identification device comprising a receiver and a specific type of transmitter corresponding to the receiver.
  • the transmitter consists of an assembly of magnetic parts and non-magnetic parts combined and the receiver has an electrical circuit with several series switches controllable by magnetic effect. Circuit switches can be normally open and normally closed. A normally open switch of the electrical circuit corresponds to a magnetic part of the transmitter and a normally closed switch corresponds to a non-magnetic part of the transmitter. When the transmitter is approached and aligned with the receiver, each magnetic part controls the closing of the corresponding normally open switch while the non-magnetic parts have no influence on the normally closed switches. The electrical circuit is closed which activates an alarm module responsible for detecting a change of state of each of the switches.
  • the receiver can be attached to the fixed part of a window and the transmitter to the movable part of the window to detect an intrusion.
  • the transmitter When the window is closed, the transmitter is perfectly aligned with the receiver and all switches are closed.
  • opening the window for example by breaking, the opening of the normally open switches is then detected by the alarm module.
  • the normally closed switches react and open which activates the alarm module and alerts an attempted break-in.
  • a switch of this type comprises two flexible blades that come close to closure by the mere presence of a magnetic field, generated for example by a permanent magnet.
  • the object of the invention is to propose a magnetic control identification device which is discrete, precise and has a degree of security superior to the devices of the prior art.
  • a transmitter corresponding to the receiver means a transmitter that has specific characteristics for controlling the receiver.
  • close position of the transmitter relative to the receiver means a specific working position, in which the transmitter corresponding to the receiver controls the receiver.
  • the device according to the invention therefore makes it possible, not only to detect the presence of the transmitter, but to identify it in a simple and precise manner.
  • the microswitches used in the invention are sensitive to the orientation of the magnetic field lines and therefore to the position of the permanent magnet, its magnetization and its shape. This provides a greater degree of security than the prior art device in which the soft-blade type microswitches are only responsive to the presence of the magnetic field and the alignment of the transmitter with the receiver.
  • the permanent magnet generates field lines in several planes oriented in several directions.
  • the longitudinal axes of the microswitches are located in said planes.
  • the electric circuit is composed of an electric authorization circuit controlled by a first microswitch and a prohibition electrical circuit controlled by a second microswitch, and in the close position of the transmitter , the first microswitch is closed and the second microswitch is open.
  • the transmitter can, thanks to a single permanent magnet, control all the microswitches simultaneously, that these microswitches are associated with an electrical circuit of authorization or an electrical prohibition circuit.
  • the use of two separate electrical circuits controlled by microswitches controlled by the same permanent magnet further enhances the safety of the device.
  • the identification device comprises means for processing the signals generated at the output of the authorization circuit and the prohibition circuit.
  • the microswitches are welded or glued to an integrated circuit support.
  • the integrated circuit support is flexible.
  • the integrated circuit support is multilayer.
  • the microswitches are encapsulated in a housing.
  • the microswitches are protected by a non-magnetic cover.
  • the movable element comprises a membrane mounted on the support, having a longitudinal axis and able to pivot between its different positions along an axis perpendicular to the longitudinal axis, said membrane having at least one layer made of a material magnetic.
  • the microswitches are manufactured using MEMS or LEMS type technology.
  • the device according to the invention is therefore small, simple, accurate and has a high level of security using a single permanent magnet and microswitches in reduced quantity.
  • the magnetic control detection device comprises a receiver 2 and a transmitter 1 of determined type corresponding to the receiver 2.
  • transmitter 1 corresponding to the receiver 2 means a transmitter 1 having specific characteristics enabling it, in a given position, to control the receiver 2.
  • the receiver 2 comprises a plurality of magnetic microswitches sensitive to the orientation of the magnetic field lines.
  • a microswitch 20 is provided with a movable element, for example constituted by a membrane 24 made of ferromagnetic material mounted on a flat surface 30 of a support 3 made of materials such as silicon, glass, ceramics or in the form of printed circuits.
  • the membrane 24 has a longitudinal axis (A) and is connected at one of its ends to an anchor stud 23 secured to the support 3 by means of two connecting arms 22a, 22b.
  • a movable contact 21 is for example mounted on the membrane 24 near the free end of the membrane 24 and faces the surface 30 of the support 3.
  • the support 3 carries on its surface 30 at least two identical planar conductive tracks 31, 32 spaced apart and intended to be electrically connected by the movable contact 21 of the microswitch 20 in order to obtain the closure of an electrical circuit.
  • the membrane 24 is pivotable relative to the support 3 along an axis (P) parallel to the axis described by the contact points of the membrane 24 with the conductive tracks and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (A) of the membrane 24.
  • the connecting arms 22a, 22b form an elastic connection between the membrane 24 and the anchor stud 23. In such a configuration, the pivoting of the membrane 24 is thus obtained by flexing the connecting arms 22a, 22b.
  • Other embodiments of the microswitch can of course be considered.
  • the microswitch 20 described in the invention can be realized by a planar duplication technology of MEMS (for "Micro Electro-Mechanical System") or LEMS (for "Laminated Electro-Mechanical System", see patent application US 2005/057329 ).
  • MEMS Micro Electro-Mechanical System
  • LEMS Longminated Electro-Mechanical System
  • the membrane 24 as well as the arms 22a, 22b are for example derived from the same layer of ferromagnetic material.
  • the connecting arms 22a, 22b and a lower layer of the membrane 24 may be derived from a metal layer. A layer of a ferromagnetic material is deposited on this metal layer to generate the upper part of the membrane 24.
  • Such a configuration can make it possible to optimize the mechanical properties of the connecting arms 22a, 22b by using, for the pivoting of the membrane 24, a material mechanically more suitable than the ferromagnetic material.
  • the metal layer can act as a contact for closing an electrical circuit.
  • the ferromagnetic material is for example of the soft magnetic type and can be for example an alloy of iron and nickel ("permalloy" Ni 80 Fe 20 ).
  • Manufacture in MEMS technology makes it possible to report the microswitch 20 on an electronic circuit or to directly manufacture the MEMS microswitch on a CMOS circuit.
  • the microswitch 20 can thus be integrated with signal processing functions or with radiofrequency communication functions.
  • To obtain an autonomous receiver 2 it is also possible to integrate the microswitches with micro-batteries and / or cells generating electricity from another source of energy (thermal, mechanical, light ).
  • the receiver 2 may be flexible so that it can be fixed on non-flat surfaces.
  • the ferromagnetic membrane 24 is able to take two distinct extreme positions. In a first extreme position (FIG. 6B), the end of the membrane 24 carrying the contact 21 is raised and does not bear against the conductive tracks 31, 32. The associated electrical circuit is thus open. In its second extreme position ( Figure 6C), the end of the membrane 24 carrying the contact 21 bears against the conductive tracks 31, 32. In this second position, the electrical circuit is closed. In the absence of a minimum of remanent field, the membrane 24 is kept parallel to the surface 30 of the support 3 (FIG. 6A).
  • the membrane 24 moves between its two extreme positions by aligning with the magnetic L field lines generated by the permanent magnet 10 (FIGS. 6B and 6C).
  • the permanent magnet 10 creates a magnetic field having L-field lines whose orientation generates a magnetic component BP 0 , BP 1 in the ferromagnetic layer of the membrane of the microswitch 20 along its longitudinal axis (A).
  • This magnetic component BP 0 , BP 1 generated in the membrane 24 generates a magnetic torque imposing on the membrane 24 to take one of its extreme positions of closure (FIG. 6C) or opening (FIG. 6B).
  • Figures 1 to 3 show a particular embodiment of an identification device according to the invention.
  • the emitter 1 comprises, for example, a single permanent magnet 11 making it possible, in the operating position close to the receiver 2, to switch simultaneously, according to the principle described above, several identical microswitches 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d, of the type described above, mounted on the support 3 for controlling an electrical circuit.
  • the microswitches 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d used in the device of the invention are sensitive to orientation of the field lines.
  • the orientation of the field lines of the permanent magnet 11 with respect to a controlled microswitch 20 is defined by the shape of the magnet, by its magnetization and by its position. Therefore these characteristics must be perfectly determined to be able to precisely switch all microswitches 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d simultaneously according to their position relative to the transmitter.
  • the magnetic field lines seen by the microswitch membrane 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d have an inverted curvature resulting in a change of position of the membrane of the microswitch.
  • the electrical circuit is for example composed of an electric AC authorization circuit and a prohibition electrical circuit CI.
  • Two series microswitches 20a, 20b control the electric AC authorization circuit while two other parallel microswitches 20C, 20d control the forbidden electrical circuit CI.
  • the prohibitory electrical circuit C1 thus has two branches Cl1, Cl2 each controlled by a microswitch 20c, 20d.
  • the microswitches 20a, 20b of the electrical authorization circuit CA can therefore be considered as normally open and the microswitches 20c, 20d of the forbidding electrical circuit C1 can be considered as normally closed.
  • Processing means 5 recovering the output signals of the two circuits CA, CI make it possible to control the locking or unlocking of the device according to the nature of the signals received.
  • the processing means must receive a signal from the authorization circuit CA and receive no signal from the two branches of the forbidden circuit CI.
  • the four microswitches 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d are for example arranged lozenge so that two microswitches 20a, 20b are positioned along a first axis (A1) coinciding with the longitudinal axis of their membrane 24 and that the other two microswitches 20c, 20d are positioned along a second axis (A2), perpendicular to the first axis and coincident with the longitudinal axis of their membrane.
  • the microswitches 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d are oppositely oriented, their anchor pad 23 being located inwardly.
  • Normally open microswitches 20a, 20b are placed along the long axis of the rhombus while microswitches 20c, 20d normally closed are placed along the minor axis of the rhombus.
  • the open or closed state of the microswitches 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d depends on their position relative to the magnet 11 as well as their polar orientation (at a given location, a microswitch open in one direction will be closed if you turn it 180 degrees).
  • the microswitches 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d are glued or welded to the support 3 and are for example encapsulated in a housing or simply protected by a non-magnetic cover (not shown in the figures).
  • the support 3 is for example multilayer so as to draw a buried routing circuit for connecting the different electrical contact points according to the electrical circuit described above and shown in Figures 4A and 4B.
  • the alignment tolerance of the transmitter 1 with respect to the receiver 2 depends mainly on the arrangement of the microswitches.
  • the microswitches 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d are therefore arranged in a determined manner on the support 3 so as to simultaneously respond to the approach, to a given position, of the transmitter 1 corresponding to the receiver 2.
  • An offset of the transmitter 1 relative to the microswitches 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d or the use of another transmitter locks the device.
  • the emitter 1 consists, for example, of a magnet magnet 11 with axial magnetization (X) generating internal field lines L 2 and external field lines L 1.
  • X axial magnetization
  • its external field lines L1 have an orientation requiring the normally open microswitches 20a, 20b to take the first extreme position and thus to close the electrical authorization circuit CA (FIG. 2) and its internal field lines L2 have an imposing orientation to microswitches 20c, 20d normally closed to take the second extreme position and thus open the prohibitory electrical circuit CI ( Figure 3).
  • the transmitter 1 corresponding to the receiver 2 being presented in the appropriate position, the processing means 5 control the unlocking of the device.
  • the microswitches 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d are not all controlled at the opening or closing.
  • the AC authorization electrical circuit is not completely closed or the prohibition electrical circuit C1 not completely open. The device remains locked.
  • An axially magnetized toroidal magnet is shown here by way of example, however, the use of a magnet with any specific form machined to provide a higher level of safety can be envisaged.
  • FIG. 7 shows a particular embodiment in which the transmitter 1 is likened to a key and the receiver 2 to the cylinder corresponding to this key.
  • the transmitter 1 comprises for example three permanent magnets 11a, 11b, 11c mounted along an axis and the receiver 2 has four microswitches 20 associated with each magnet.
  • the microswitches 20 are for example connected in series so as to deliver, when they are all closed, an electrical authorization signal to processing means 6, to control the unlocking of a system.

Landscapes

  • Switches That Are Operated By Magnetic Or Electric Fields (AREA)
  • Control Of Position Or Direction (AREA)
EP07100936A 2006-01-24 2007-01-22 Magnetisch betätigte Kennzeichnungsvorrichtung Withdrawn EP1811538A3 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0650244A FR2896616B1 (fr) 2006-01-24 2006-01-24 Dispositif d'identification a commande magnetique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1811538A2 true EP1811538A2 (de) 2007-07-25
EP1811538A3 EP1811538A3 (de) 2010-04-14

Family

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Family Applications (1)

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EP07100936A Withdrawn EP1811538A3 (de) 2006-01-24 2007-01-22 Magnetisch betätigte Kennzeichnungsvorrichtung

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP1811538A3 (de)
FR (1) FR2896616B1 (de)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4812674A (en) * 1985-05-20 1989-03-14 Square D Company Safety gate limit switch using Hall effect transducer
DE19622447A1 (de) * 1995-06-06 1996-12-12 Robot Coupe S N C Elektrische Sicherheitsverriegelungsvorrichtung
US6320145B1 (en) * 1998-03-31 2001-11-20 California Institute Of Technology Fabricating and using a micromachined magnetostatic relay or switch
US6348861B1 (en) * 2000-06-09 2002-02-19 Thomas Wing Kawk Li Binary multi-code combination sensor
EP1241695A2 (de) * 2001-03-13 2002-09-18 Takamisawa Electric Co., Ltd. Unter einer vorgegebenen Bedingung betätigbarer Schalter und externe Magnetfelderzeugungsvorrichtung

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4812674A (en) * 1985-05-20 1989-03-14 Square D Company Safety gate limit switch using Hall effect transducer
DE19622447A1 (de) * 1995-06-06 1996-12-12 Robot Coupe S N C Elektrische Sicherheitsverriegelungsvorrichtung
US6320145B1 (en) * 1998-03-31 2001-11-20 California Institute Of Technology Fabricating and using a micromachined magnetostatic relay or switch
US6348861B1 (en) * 2000-06-09 2002-02-19 Thomas Wing Kawk Li Binary multi-code combination sensor
EP1241695A2 (de) * 2001-03-13 2002-09-18 Takamisawa Electric Co., Ltd. Unter einer vorgegebenen Bedingung betätigbarer Schalter und externe Magnetfelderzeugungsvorrichtung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2896616A1 (fr) 2007-07-27
FR2896616B1 (fr) 2011-10-14
EP1811538A3 (de) 2010-04-14

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