EP1808398B1 - Bremsbelag für Aufzugsnotbremsen - Google Patents

Bremsbelag für Aufzugsnotbremsen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1808398B1
EP1808398B1 EP06126350.5A EP06126350A EP1808398B1 EP 1808398 B1 EP1808398 B1 EP 1808398B1 EP 06126350 A EP06126350 A EP 06126350A EP 1808398 B1 EP1808398 B1 EP 1808398B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
brake shoe
layer
brake
guide rail
safety gear
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP06126350.5A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1808398A1 (de
Inventor
Daniel Fischer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Inventio AG
Original Assignee
Inventio AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Inventio AG filed Critical Inventio AG
Priority to EP06126350.5A priority Critical patent/EP1808398B1/de
Publication of EP1808398A1 publication Critical patent/EP1808398A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1808398B1 publication Critical patent/EP1808398B1/de
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/02—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions
    • B66B5/16—Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well
    • B66B5/18—Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well and applying frictional retarding forces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/02—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions
    • B66B5/16—Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well
    • B66B5/18—Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well and applying frictional retarding forces
    • B66B5/22—Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well and applying frictional retarding forces by means of linearly-movable wedges

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to brake shoes and, in particular, to brake shoes for use in elevator safety gear.
  • an elevator car travels up and down within an elevator hoistway along guide rails.
  • At least one safety gear is mounted on the car to arrest motion of the car if an overspeed governor detects that the car is travelling at an excessive speed. In such situations the governor triggers the safety gear to apply a brake shoe to the guide rail to generate a frictional braking force thereby bringing the car to an eventual halt.
  • the elevator car In the first category, the elevator car is supported by the drive and, if interconnected to a counterweight, at least partially balanced by that counterweight. Hence the effective mass which the safety gear must bring to halt is relatively low.
  • the safety gear In the second category the safety gear is required to arrest the motion of the free-falling car together with any load. Accordingly, the frictional braking force generated by the safety gear against the guide rail must be greater for the second, free-fall overspeed category than for the first overspeed category.
  • the deceleration of the elevator car during safety gear deployment should be maintained below a specific threshold value (a figure of 1g is often quoted). If the safety gear is set to provide the desired deceleration during the first overspeed category, then it may not be capable of effectively halting the car in a free-fall situation. On the other hand, if the safety gear is set to provide the desired deceleration during free-fall, deployment during a first category overspeed situation will undoubtedly produce a deceleration which exceeds the accepted threshold.
  • the objective of the present invention is to provide a safety gear which can be successfully deployed in all overspeed situations to arrest an elevator car without injuring passengers travelling in the elevator car.
  • This objective is achieved by providing a brake shoe for use in an elevator safety gear whereby, in use, the safety gear exerts a specific application force to the brake shoe causing the brake shoe to frictionally engage with a guide rail wherein a frictional force developed by the brake shoe increases during engagement.
  • the brake shoe will exert an initial frictional braking force against the guide rail.
  • This initial frictional braking force is designed to halt an elevator car during a first category overspeed situation. If, however, a second category overspeed situation exists, the frictional braking force is subsequently increased to a level sufficient to arrest the free-falling elevator car.
  • the brake shoe has a variable coefficient of friction. Accordingly, during engagement with the guide rail, the coefficient of friction between the brake shoe and the guide rail increases.
  • the brake shoe can comprise an outer layer and an inner layer, whereby a coefficient of friction of the inner layer is greater than a coefficient of friction of the outer layer.
  • the outer layer is initially brought into engagement with the guide rail. If the frictional braking force developed by the outer layer is incapable of arresting the car, then it is worn away to expose the inner layer. As the inner layer subsequently engages with the guide rail the frictional braking force developed is increased due to the increase in the coefficient of friction to a level sufficient to arrest the free-falling elevator car.
  • the coefficient of friction of the brake shoe can be proportional to temperature.
  • the temperature of the brake shoe will gradually increase resulting in a corresponding increase in the coefficient of friction.
  • a cross-sectional area that the brake shoe presents to the guide rail increases during engagement. This arrangement is particularly beneficial in the two layer brake shoe defined above by ensuring a regressive wear rate of the brake shoe whereby the first layer is worn through relatively quickly compared to the second layer.
  • Fig. 1 is a perspective view of an elevator car 1 incorporating a conventional safety gear 4 with brake shoes 5 according to the present invention.
  • the car 1 is connected by cables 2 to a counterweight (not shown).
  • This interconnected arrangement of car 1 and counterweight is driven by a traction machine and associated traction sheave (not shown) such that the car travels along guide rails 3 mounted within an elevator hoistway to transport passengers to their desired destination.
  • a safety gear 4 is mounted on the bottom of the car 1 so as to surround a neighbouring guide rail 3. Although only a single guide rail 3 and safety gear 4 is shown, it will be appreciated that an identical arrangement is provided on the opposite side of the car 1.
  • an overspeed governor (not shown) triggers the safety gear 4 to apply brake shoes 5 to opposing side of the guide rail 3 to generate a frictional braking force and thereby bring the car 1 to an eventual halt.
  • Fig. 2 is a sectional view of a set of brake shoes 5 in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Each brake shoe 5 comprises a brake shoe body 6 which retains a brake pad 7.
  • the brake pad 7 has an outer sacrificial layer 8 which faces towards the guide rail 3 and an inner layer 9 disposed between the outer layer 8 and the brake shoe body 6-
  • the coefficient of friction ⁇ 1 of the material forming the outer layer 8 is less than the coefficient of friction ⁇ 2 of the material forming the inner layer 9.
  • Figs. 3 and 4 illustrate the deployment of the brake shoes 5 after an overspeed situation has been detected by the governor.
  • a clamping force N is applied to each brake shoe 5 by the safety gear 4 causing the brake pads 7 to frictionally engage with the guide rail 3.
  • the outer sacrificial layer 8 of each brake pad 7 generates a frictional braking force F 1 against the guide rail 3.
  • This initial frictional braking force F 1 is intended to arrest the elevator car 1 which, although interconnected to, and thereby supported by, the traction machine and the counterweight, is travelling above the predetermined overspeed value possibly due to a fault in the drive such as a malfunctioning controller.
  • the frictional braking force F 1 developed by the brake pad 7 during the initial deployment phase may not be sufficient to effectively arrest the car 1.
  • the outer sacrificial layer 8 of the brake pad 7 is worn or melted away through excessive frictional engagement with the guide rail 3 to expose the inner layer 9. Since the coefficient of friction ⁇ 2 of the inner layer 9 is greater than the coefficient of friction ⁇ 1 of the outer sacrificial layer 8, the frictional braking force the brake pad 7 develops against the guide rail 3 increases to a level F 2 as the inner layer 9 subsequently engages with the guide rail 7 in a second deployment phase, as shown in Fig. 4 .
  • the frictional braking force F 2 during this second deployment phase is sufficient to arrest the free-falling elevator car 1.
  • Fig. 5 is a sectional view of a brake shoe 5' according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the brake shoe 5' incorporates a brake shoe body 6 to retain a brake pad 7'.
  • the brake pad 7' consists of blocks 8' embedded into and projecting from a brake pad layer 9'.
  • the coefficient of friction ⁇ 1 of the material forming the blocks 8' is less than the coefficient of friction ⁇ 2 of the material forming the brake pad layer 9'.
  • the brake pad 7' is activated in exactly the same manner as in the previously described embodiment with the blocks 8' of the brake pad 7' providing the frictional braking force F 1 during the first deployment phase.
  • the brake pad layer 9' comes into engagement with the guide rail 3 to generate a greater frictional braking force F 2 during the second deployment phase.
  • the surface area of the brake pad 7' presented to the guide rail 3 during application increases. This ensures a regressive wear rate of the brake pad 7' whereby the blocks 8' are worn through relatively quickly compared to the brake pad layer 9'.
  • Fig. 6 is a sectional view of a brake shoe 5" according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • the brake pad 7" is supported on a brake shoe body 6 however, in this instance, the brake pad 7" is formed from a single material having a relatively low coefficient of friction ⁇ 1 to generate the frictional braking force F 1 during the first deployment phase.
  • the brake shoe body 6 itself is formed from a material having a relatively high coefficient of friction ⁇ 1 and is used during the second deployment phase to generate a greater frictional braking force F 2 during the second deployment phase.
  • Figs. 7 and 8 illustrate the engagement of a brake shoe 5'" according to a fourth embodiment against a guide rail 3.
  • the brake shoe 5'" comprises a brake shoe body 6 which retains a brake pad 7"'.
  • the brake pad 7'" is manufactured from a single material having a coefficient of friction ⁇ which is proportional to its temperature.
  • a clamping force N is applied to the brake shoe 5'" by the safety gear 4.
  • the brake pad 7'" initially engages with the guide rail 3 it is at ambient temperature and accordingly has a relatively low coefficient of friction ⁇ 1 .
  • the initial frictional braking force F 1 generated by the brake pad 7'" against the guide rail 3 is relatively low.
  • inter-surfaces between the brake pad components and indeed between the brake pad and the brake shoe body are shown as being planar and generally parallel to the guide rail, it will be understood that other surface profiles (grooved, V-shaped etc.) can be used to reduce the effects of shear force acting between the discrete brake shoe components.
  • the skilled person will acknowledge that there are a wide variety of materials available to achieve the specific characteristics required for each discrete component of the brake shoe and that selection of specific materials will be largely dependent on the characteristics of the elevator itself such as the rated speed, the rated loading, the travel height, the type of safety gear and the application force it exerts on the brake shoes.
  • the outer sacrificial layer 8 can be manufactured from a polymeric material while the inner layer 9 can be formed from a conventional brake shoe material such as mild steel.
  • the brake shoes according to the invention can be employed in any calliper brake set which is used to frictionally engage the guide rails to decelerate the elevator car of a traction or a hydraulic elevator installation.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Maintenance And Inspection Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Bremsbelag (5, 5', 5", 5"') zur Verwendung bei Aufzugsnotbremsen (4), wobei im Gebrauch die Notbremse (4) eine spezifische Anwendungskraft (N) auf den Bremsbelag (5, 5', 5", 5'") ausübt, um zu bewirken, dass der Bremsbelag (5, 5', 5", 5"') in Reibeingriff mit einer Führungsschiene (3) gelangt, DADURCH GEKENNZEICHNET, DASS für die spezifische Anwendungskraft (N) eine Reibbremskraft (F1, F2), die von dem Bremsbelag (5, 5', 5", 5"') entwickelt wird, während des Eingriffs zunimmt.
  2. Bremsbelag (5, 5', 5", 5'"') nach Anspruch 1, der einen variablen Reibungskoeffizienten (µ) aufweist.
  3. Bremsbelag (5, 5', 5", 5"') nach Anspruch 2, der eine erste Schicht (8, 8', 7") zum anfänglichen Eingriff mit der Führungsschiene (3) und eine zweite Schicht (9, 9', 6) zum nachfolgenden Eingriff mit der Führungsschiene (3) aufweist, wobei ein Reibungskoeffizient (µ2) der zweiten Schicht (9, 9', 6) größer als ein Reibungskoeffizient (µ1) der ersten Schicht (8, 8', 7") ist.
  4. Bremsbelag (5, 5') nach Anspruch 3, wobei die erste Schicht (8, 8') und die zweite Schicht (9, 9') in einem Bremsklotz (7, 7') aufgenommen sind, der entfernbar von einem Bremsbelagkörper (6) gehalten wird.
  5. Bremsbelag (5') nach Anspruch 3, wobei die erste Schicht aus Blöcken (8') gebildet wird, die in der zweiten Schicht (9') eingebettet sind und daraus vorstehen.
  6. Bremsbelag (5") nach Anspruch 3, wobei die erste Schicht in einem Bremsklotz (7") aufgenommen ist und die zweite Schicht von einem Bremsbelagkörper (6) bereitgestellt wird.
  7. Bremsbelag (5"') nach Anspruch 2, wobei der Reibungskoeffizient (µ) des Bremsbelags (5"') proportional zur Temperatur ist.
  8. Bremsbelag (5') nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei ein Querschnittsbereich, den der Bremsbelag (5') in Bezug auf die Führungsschiene (3) zeigt, während des Eingriffs zunimmt.
EP06126350.5A 2005-12-21 2006-12-18 Bremsbelag für Aufzugsnotbremsen Not-in-force EP1808398B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP06126350.5A EP1808398B1 (de) 2005-12-21 2006-12-18 Bremsbelag für Aufzugsnotbremsen

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP05112667 2005-12-21
EP06126350.5A EP1808398B1 (de) 2005-12-21 2006-12-18 Bremsbelag für Aufzugsnotbremsen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1808398A1 EP1808398A1 (de) 2007-07-18
EP1808398B1 true EP1808398B1 (de) 2016-05-04

Family

ID=38156850

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06126350.5A Not-in-force EP1808398B1 (de) 2005-12-21 2006-12-18 Bremsbelag für Aufzugsnotbremsen

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EP (1) EP1808398B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113859864B (zh) * 2021-10-11 2023-04-18 苏州玻色智能科技有限公司 一种缓速定点制动的输送系统

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5979615A (en) * 1997-11-06 1999-11-09 Otis Elevator Company Carbon--carbon composite elevator safety brakes
JP2001192184A (ja) * 2000-01-11 2001-07-17 Toshiba Corp エレベータ非常止め装置
DK1294631T3 (da) * 2000-05-25 2004-11-22 Inventio Ag Bremseindretning til en elevator
CA2407861C (en) * 2000-06-22 2009-02-24 Oliver Simmonds Brake arresting device with adaptable brake force for a lift
TW513374B (en) * 2000-12-08 2002-12-11 Inventio Ag Safety brake with retardation-dependent braking force
AU2003300127A1 (en) * 2003-12-31 2005-08-03 Otis Elevator Company Elevator safety device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1808398A1 (de) 2007-07-18

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