EP1792019B1 - Procede de rehaussement d'une structure d'immeuble, en particulier d'une structure d'immeuble sujet aux inondations - Google Patents

Procede de rehaussement d'une structure d'immeuble, en particulier d'une structure d'immeuble sujet aux inondations Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1792019B1
EP1792019B1 EP05781601.9A EP05781601A EP1792019B1 EP 1792019 B1 EP1792019 B1 EP 1792019B1 EP 05781601 A EP05781601 A EP 05781601A EP 1792019 B1 EP1792019 B1 EP 1792019B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
foundation structure
thrust
pile
building
rod
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Application number
EP05781601.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1792019A2 (fr
Inventor
Vincenzo Collina
Gioacchino Marabello
Roberto Zago
Lamberto Zambianchi
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Soles Tech Cooperativa Soc
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CONSTA SpA
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D35/00—Straightening, lifting, or lowering of foundation structures or of constructions erected on foundations
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
    • E02D27/48—Foundations inserted underneath existing buildings or constructions
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G23/00—Working measures on existing buildings
    • E04G23/06—Separating, lifting, removing of buildings; Making a new sub-structure

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of raising a building structure.
  • a building structure may be raised to build a basement when excavation work beneath the building is either impossible or undesirable.
  • DE19949562A1 discloses a foundation slab hold and lift equipment comprising tie-rods fixed to top load plate and led through slab hole and powered by hydraulic cylinders in guide pipe to project both sides of slab for the lift.
  • US6390734B1 discloses a device and method for leveling and supporting a slab foundation on a column of piling sections.
  • Number 1 in Figure 1 indicates as a whole a building resting on the ground 2 on a foundation structure 3, and which must be raised with respect to ground 2. More specifically, foundation structure 3 is defined by a reinforced-concrete slab.
  • foundation structure 3 may either exist already, or may be formed from an existing foundation structure shortly before the building is raised.
  • a number of vertical through holes 4 are core drilled through foundation structure 3. Close to each hole 4, at least two threaded bars 5 are then fixed to foundation structure 3 with a top portion of each bar projecting upwards. Preferably, at least two bars 5 are positioned vertically adjacent to each hole 4 and symmetrically with respect to the axis of hole 4 (alternatively, metal cables may be used instead of bars 5).
  • a metal pile 6 is inserted through each hole 4, and comprises a substantially constant-section rod 7, and a wider bottom head 8 defining a bottom end of pile 6.
  • Each rod 7 is defined by a cylindrical tube having a through inner conduit 9, and is smaller transversely than relative hole 4 so as to fit relatively easily through hole 4.
  • Each head 8 is defined by a flat, substantially circular plate 10 of substantially the same size transversely as hole 4.
  • each pile 6 may obviously differ from the one shown in the accompanying drawings.
  • each pile 6 may be defined by an "I" girder, as opposed to being tubular and hollow.
  • Each hole 4 is preferably lined with a metal guide tube 11, which is fixed to foundation structure 3 by a ring 12 embedded in foundation structure 3, and has a top portion 13 projecting upwards from foundation structure 3.
  • the bottom portion of each bar 5 is connected to top portion 13 of relative guide tube 11.
  • each head 8 is larger transversely than hole 4, is initially separate from rod 7, and, when building foundation structure 3, is laid substantially contacting ground 2 beneath foundation structure 3 and coaxial with hole 4, so that each rod 7 engages relative head 8 to form relative pile 6 when rod 7 is inserted through hole 4.
  • head 8 is provided with a connecting member 14, which engages rod 7 to fix rod 7 transversely to head 8.
  • each connecting member 14 is defined by a cylindrical tubular member projecting axially from plate 10 and sized to engage a bottom portion of inner conduit 9 of rod 7 with relatively little clearance.
  • foundation structure 3 is core drilled and then partly restored to form a relative hole 4 smaller transversely than head 8.
  • the Figure 4 embodiment is generally preferred when a complete foundation structure 3 already exists before raising the building, and holes 4 are core drilled in foundation structure 3; the Figure 7 embodiment is preferred when foundation structure 3 is partly built to raise the building, and heads 8 can therefore be laid on ground 2 and subsequently covered by foundation structure 3.
  • each pile 6 is connected to a thrust device 15, which at one end rests on a top end 16 of pile 6, and at the other end is connected to the projecting portions of bars 5.
  • each thrust device 15 is defined by a hydraulic jack comprising a body 17, and a rod 18 movable axially with adjustable force with respect to body 17.
  • Body 17 rests on top end 16 of pile 6, and rod 18 is positioned contacting an underside surface of a metal plate 19 fitted through with bars 5 and made axially integral with bars 5 by respective bolts 20 ( Figure 5 ) engaging respective threaded top portions of bars 5.
  • each thrust device 15 is operated to produce a given force between respective body 17 and respective rod 18, and so statically apply thrust, of the same intensity as the force, between pile 6 and foundation structure 3. More specifically, thrust is transmitted to foundation structure 3 by bars 5, which act as reaction members and maintain a constant distance between plate 19 and foundation structure 3 as rod 18 slides out of body 17.
  • a control unit 21 is connected to thrust devices 15 to supply each thrust device 15 with a control signal governing the thrust to be applied.
  • Coritrol unit 21 is also connected to a number of pressure sensors 22, each associated with a thrust device 15 to measure the instantaneous thrust applied by thrust device 15, and is connected to a number of large-base extensometers 23 fitted to the walls and/or columns of building 1 to measure the lift-induced strain on building 1.
  • control unit 21 is able to feedback control thrust devices 15 and determine the thrust applied instant by instant by thrust devices 15.
  • control unit 21 (either automatically or under the supervision of an operator) operates each thrust device 15 independently to apply a given thrust between respective pile 6 and foundation structure 3 and raise building 1 with respect to ground 2 ( Figure 2 ).
  • the thrusts applied on one pile 6 normally differ from those applied on the other piles 6, are always less than the design capacity of piles 6, and are calculated instant by instant, depending on how building 1 is to be raised, and on the signals from extensometers 23.
  • rod 7 of each pile 6 may be a one-piece body, or may be formed by joining a number of tubular segments, which are inserted successively through hole 4 and welded to one another as building 1 is raised with respect to ground 2.
  • thrust device 15 is disconnected from the top end of the first segment to insert a second segment, which is butt welded to the first segment; and thrust device 15 is connected to the top end of the second segment to continue to the lift cycle.
  • two successive tubular segments of rod 7 are fixed to each other by a connecting piece partly engaging the inner conduits of the two segments.
  • each pile 6 is driven so that relative top end 16 is lower than the top surface 26 of foundation structure 3, projecting portion 13 of relative guide tube 11 is cut, and plate 25 is fixed to the rest of guide tube 11 so as to be substantially coplanar with top surface 26 of foundation structure 3, thus enabling the whole of top surface 26 of foundation structure 3 to be walked on.
  • the projecting portions of relative bars 5 are cut.
  • each pile 6 is fixed axially to foundation structure 3 by fitting bars 5 with plate 25, which is placed on top of pile 6 to engage top end 16 of pile 6.
  • a cavity 27 is formed beneath foundation structure 3 and may be used to build a basement.
  • foundation structure 3 rests on a further foundation structure 28 having numerous piles 29 driven into ground 2 beneath a watercourse 30 or a basin 30 (e.g. a lagoon).
  • a basin 30 e.g. a lagoon
  • This solution is typical of a building 1 built on water, wherein piles 29 of further foundation structure 28 are driven into ground 2 beneath, and support building 1 above, the water level of watercourse or basin 30.
  • heads 8 of piles 6 obviously rest on further foundation structure 28, so that, when raising the building, foundation structure 3 and building 1 are therefore raised with respect to further foundation structure 28, as described above.
  • foundation structure 3 rests on numerous piles driven into ground 2. This solution is typical of a building 1 built on water, wherein the piles of the further foundation structure are driven into ground 2 beneath, and support building 1 above, the water level.
  • building 1 Before raising the building as described above, a static analysis of building 1 must be conducted to ensure building 1 is capable of safely withstanding the stresses induced when raising it. If necessary, building 1 may be strengthened before it is raised.
  • each pile 6 When raising building 1, the load applied on each pile 6 may cause some of piles 6 to sink into ground 2. This problem can easily be solved by simply increasing the length (as described above) of the sunken piles 6 by the same amount as the sink depth.
  • one or more metal plates may be laid beneath foundation structure 3. This solution is particularly effective when foundation structure 3 rests on a bed of gravel.
  • building 1 is located close to a watercourse, it may be advisable or necessary to construct a dam about foundation structure 3 to prevent water infiltrating into cavity 27 formed beneath foundation structure 3 when raising building 1.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Foundations (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)

Claims (17)

  1. Procédé de surélévation d'une structure de bâtiment (1), reposant sur une première structure de fondation (28), par rapport à la première structure de fondation (28) ; le procédé comprenant les étapes de :
    formation d'une seconde structure de fondation (3) sur la première structure de fondation (28) permettant de supporter la structure de bâtiment (1) par rapport à la première structure de fondation (28) et ayant un certain nombre de trous traversants (4), et un certain nombre d'organes de liaison, chacun fixé à la seconde structure de fondation (3) près d'un trou (4) respectif et ayant au moins une portion (13) faisant saillie vers le haut ;
    insertion à travers chaque trou (4) d'un pieu (6) ayant une extrémité basse (8) reposant sur la première structure de fondation (28), et une extrémité haute (16) faisant saillie depuis le trou (4) ;
    installation sur chaque pieu (6) d'un dispositif de poussée (15) respectif, qui repose au niveau d'une extrémité sur l'extrémité haute (16) du pieu (6) et est solidarisé au niveau de l'autre extrémité à l'organe de liaison correspondant qui agit comme un organe de réaction ;
    application statique d'une poussée respective sur chaque pieu (6) au moyen du dispositif de poussée (15) respectif pour surélever la seconde structure de fondation (3) conjointement avec la structure de bâtiment (1) par rapport à la première structure de fondation (28) ; et
    fixation de chaque pieu (6) de façon axiale sur la seconde structure de fondation (3) une fois que la surélévation est achevée ;
    dans lequel chaque pieu (6) comprend une tige en métal (7) de section sensiblement constante définie par un certain nombre de segments, qui sont insérés successivement à travers le trou (4) respectif et joints les uns aux autres ; et une tête basse plus large en métal (8) ;
    le procédé est caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend les étapes supplémentaires de :
    revêtement, lors de la formation de la seconde structure de fondation (3), de chaque trou (4) avec un tube-guide en métal (11), qui est fixé à la seconde structure de fondation (3) et a une portion faisant saillie vers le haut depuis ladite seconde structure de fondation (3) ; et
    utilisation de chaque tube-guide (11) comme organe de liaison servant d'organe de réaction et solidarisé au dispositif de poussée (15) respectif.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel la première structure de fondation (28) comprend un grand nombre de pieux (29) enfoncés dans le sol (2).
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 2, dans lequel la première structure de fondation (28) comprend un grand nombre de pieux (29) enfoncés dans le sol (2) en dessous d'un cours d'eau (30) ou d'un bassin (30).
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, dans lequel la surélévation est commandée par une unité de commande (21), qui commande les dispositifs de poussée (15) et est reliée à un certain nombre d'extensomètres (23) fixés à la structure de bâtiment (1).
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 4, dans lequel l'unité de commande (21) est reliée à des capteurs (22) montés sur les dispositifs de poussée (15) pour déterminer, instant par instant, l'intensité des poussées exercées par les dispositifs de poussée (15).
  6. Procédé selon la revendication 5, dans lequel l'unité de commande (21) commande par rétroaction les dispositifs de poussée (15).
  7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, dans lequel chaque tête (8) est dimensionnée transversalement pour permettre l'insertion de la tête (8) à travers le trou (4) respectif.
  8. Procédé selon la revendication 7, dans lequel chaque tête (8) est plus grande transversalement que le trou (4) respectif, est initialement séparée de la tige (7) et, lors de la formation de la seconde structure de fondation (3), est positionnée sensiblement en contact avec la première structure de fondation (28) en dessous de la seconde structure de fondation (3) et sensiblement coaxiale avec le trou (4) ; et la tige (7) enclenche la tête (8) lorsque la tige (7) est insérée à travers le trou (4).
  9. Procédé selon la revendication 8, dans lequel la tête (8) comprend un organe de jonction (14), qui enclenche la tige (7) pour fixer la tige (7) transversalement avec la tête (8).
  10. Procédé selon la revendication 9, dans lequel la tige (7) est définie par un tube cylindrique ayant un conduit interne (9), dont une portion basse est enclenchée par l'organe de jonction (14).
  11. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, dans lequel chaque tige (7) est définie par un tube cylindrique ayant un conduit interne ; et une fois que la surélévation est achevée, un matériau de ciment sensiblement à l'état plastique (24) est introduit dans le conduit interne (9).
  12. Procédé selon la revendication 11, dans lequel ledit matériau de ciment (24) est défini par du béton.
  13. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 12, dans lequel, une fois que la surélévation est achevée, chaque pieu (6) est fixé axialement à la seconde structure de fondation (3) en solidarisant à l'organe de liaison une plaque de métal horizontale (25), qui est placée par-dessus le pieu (6) pour enclencher une extrémité haute (16) du pieu (6).
  14. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 13, dans lequel au moins une plaque de métal est placée en dessous de la seconde structure de fondation (3), repose sur la première structure de fondation (28), et sur laquelle les extrémités basses (8) des pieux (6) reposent.
  15. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 14, dans lequel :
    une unité de commande (21) est reliée aux dispositifs de poussée (15) pour fournir à chaque dispositif de poussée (15) un signal de commande gouvernant la poussée à appliquer ;
    l'unité de commande (21) est reliée à un certain nombre de capteurs de pression (22), chacun associé à un dispositif de poussée (15) pour mesurer la poussée instantanée appliquée par le dispositif de poussée (15), et est reliée à un certain nombre d'extensomètres à grande base (23) installés sur les parois et/ou les colonnes de la structure de bâtiment (1) pour mesurer l'effort induit par soulèvement sur la structure de bâtiment (1) ; et
    en utilisant les capteurs de pression (22), l'unité de commande (21) est capable de commander par rétroaction les dispositifs de poussée (15) et de déterminer la poussée appliquée instant par instant par les dispositifs de poussée (15).
  16. Procédé selon la revendication 15, dans lequel l'unité de commande (21) actionne chaque dispositif de poussée (15) indépendamment pour appliquer une poussée donnée entre le pieu (6) respectif et la seconde structure de fondation (3) et surélever la structure de bâtiment (1) par rapport à la première structure de fondation (28).
  17. Procédé selon la revendication 16, dans lequel les poussées appliquées sur un pieu (6) diffèrent normalement de celles appliquées sur les autres pieux (6), sont toujours inférieures à la capacité nominale des pieux (6), et sont calculées instant par instant, selon comment la structure de bâtiment (1) doit être surélevée, et selon les signaux provenant des extensomètres (23).
EP05781601.9A 2004-08-06 2005-08-05 Procede de rehaussement d'une structure d'immeuble, en particulier d'une structure d'immeuble sujet aux inondations Active EP1792019B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT000514A ITBO20040514A1 (it) 2004-08-06 2004-08-06 Metodo per sollevare un manufatto edilizio ed in particolare per sollevare un manufatto edilizio soggetto ad allagamenti
PCT/IB2005/002730 WO2006016277A2 (fr) 2004-08-06 2005-08-05 Procede de rehaussement d'une structure d'immeuble, en particulier d'une structure d'immeuble sujet aux inondations

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1792019A2 EP1792019A2 (fr) 2007-06-06
EP1792019B1 true EP1792019B1 (fr) 2015-10-07

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EP05781601.9A Active EP1792019B1 (fr) 2004-08-06 2005-08-05 Procede de rehaussement d'une structure d'immeuble, en particulier d'une structure d'immeuble sujet aux inondations

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EP (1) EP1792019B1 (fr)
IT (1) ITBO20040514A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2006016277A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITBO20060414A1 (it) * 2006-05-26 2007-11-27 Soles Societa Lavori Edili E Serbatoi Spa Metodo per sollevare un manufatto edilizio.
CN101939493B (zh) * 2007-12-31 2013-07-31 So.L.E.S.-索西埃塔拉沃里埃迪利赛培托伊公司 用于升起建筑物结构的方法和系统

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19949562A1 (de) * 1999-10-14 2001-04-19 Gerhard Lueck Strasen Und Tief Fundamentplattenhalte- und -hebevorrichtung und Verfahren zum Halten und Heben von Fundamentplatten
GB2363153B (en) * 2000-06-10 2003-12-24 Kvaerner Cementation Found Ltd Testing foundation load bearing capacity
US6390734B1 (en) * 2001-01-04 2002-05-21 Frederick S. Marshall Method and apparatus for anchoring a piling to a slab foundation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2006016277A2 (fr) 2006-02-16
WO2006016277A3 (fr) 2006-04-27
EP1792019A2 (fr) 2007-06-06
ITBO20040514A1 (it) 2004-11-06

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